EP0324371B1 - Initiateur, de préférence à retard de longue durée - Google Patents
Initiateur, de préférence à retard de longue durée Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0324371B1 EP0324371B1 EP89100116A EP89100116A EP0324371B1 EP 0324371 B1 EP0324371 B1 EP 0324371B1 EP 89100116 A EP89100116 A EP 89100116A EP 89100116 A EP89100116 A EP 89100116A EP 0324371 B1 EP0324371 B1 EP 0324371B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- charge
- delay
- ignition
- reaction
- charges
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 title claims 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(CO[N+]([O-])=O)(CO[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000448307 Setarches Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
- F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
- F42C19/0815—Intermediate ignition capsules, i.e. self-contained primary pyrotechnic module transmitting the initial firing signal to the secondary explosive, e.g. using electric, radio frequency, optical or percussion signals to the secondary explosive
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
- F42B3/16—Pyrotechnic delay initiators
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing an ignition element according to the preamble of claim 1 and to the associated ignition element.
- An ignition element with a delay line has the task of amplifying the pyrotechnic reaction which occurs when an ignition means is triggered in such a way that it leads to the reliable ignition or ignition of a main charge after a delay time.
- An ignition element is made up of several pyrotechnic sentences arranged one behind the other.
- the highly sensitive but weak triggering of an ignition charge should be used after a predetermined time to safely ignite a relatively slow main charge.
- the weak points of an ignition element at which the passage through the reaction zone can be disturbed or interrupted are the areas where pyrotechnic phrases with different physical and chemical properties collide. At such interfaces, the reaction process breaks off especially when the progress of the reaction is made more difficult by further conditions, such as, for example, very high rotation of the ignition element, low temperatures, vibrations, shocks, shocks and the like. the like
- the requirement for long delay times is usually accompanied by a decrease in reliability, because the suitable delay sets have such a chemical composition that the desired slow forwarding can only take place reliably if the reaction is initiated optimally in the delay line.
- an ignition element which corresponds in structure to the ignition element cited in the preamble of claim 1.
- the sets are introduced into the sleeve from the rear end thereof, i.e. first the sentences determining the detonative or flaming output are introduced, then the delay sentence and finally the ignition sentence with the ignition bridge arranged therein.
- the ignition charge cannot be pressed inside the sleeve at all, since it contains the ignition bridge. Rather, it is used as a prefabricated component, as a so-called "squib", as the latter together with the sealing plug for the sleeve.
- squib so-called "squib"
- US-A-4 005 659 describes an ignition device in which the individual sets are also inserted into the sleeve from the rear end thereof, which has the same disadvantages as the ignition element according to GB-A-933 742 . Otherwise, this ignition device does not have an ignition charge applied to the transmission set, but rather an ignition mixture and a hot particle mixture, which are introduced into a separate, highly heat-conducting metal sleeve. This metal sleeve is then inserted into the transfer set and surrounded by this on its outer surface, so that a good heat transfer from the "red-hot" metal sleeve to the transfer set is achieved during ignition.
- US-A-3 945 323 further describes a impact and self-destruct ignition device which has an igniter and a delay device arranged at a distance therefrom.
- the last consists of a separate sleeve in which the actual delay set is accommodated, which is provided with a firing set at its end facing the igniter and with a firing set at its other end.
- the firing set serves to melt a screw nut fixing the striking piece so that it can move forward under the action of a spring. No information has been given on the manner in which the sentences are inserted into the sleeve.
- the invention has for its object to improve the method for producing an ignition element according to the preamble of claim 1 so that the progress of the reaction zone in the ignition element is ensured even more reliably, even under difficult external conditions.
- reaction speed changes very significantly; in a highly sensitive primer it can be of the order of 500 mm / s; in the deceleration set the propagation speed is in the range 0.7 to 1 mm / s; in intermediate transmission sets it is usually between 30 and 200 mm / s. It has been shown that the transfer of the reaction process can lead to difficulties, especially at those interfaces where the Reaction speed of the delay set is no longer so high, ie the speed of propagation of the reaction wave is already relatively low, so that in particular disturbances occur during the transition to the delay set. If the center area of the transmission set that ignites the delay set arches into the first delay set of a delay line, the most obvious result is an increase in reliability.
- the central bulge of the set that ignites the delay line is preferably conical; but it can also preferably correspond to a spherical segment surface. It is determined by the tool with which the primer is pressed into the cylindrical sleeve. It shows that it can be technically particularly favorable if the central surface area is rounded and the side areas are frustoconical.
- the design according to the invention of the transition between the sentence that ignites the delay line and the first delay sentence is not only due to the geometric shape described above, but depends crucially on the fact that the curved interface extends over the entire cross section.
- the priming charge of the propellant charge of a rocket engine is also, for example, among others. conical, but the interface between the primer and the propellant does not cover the entire cross section of the propellant charge. In the method according to the invention, such a geometry of the interface would not lead to reliable functioning - transferring the reaction of the transfer set to the delay set.
- the ignition element in contrast to FR-A-2 151 495, first the ignition sentence, then preferably at least one transmission sentence and then the at least one delay sentence must be loaded, the ignition sentence or - if present - the transmission sentence and in the case of several Delay sets according to claim 2, preferably also the first delay set can be compressed with a pressing pin with a concave pressing surface. It is only through this manufacturing process, which is unusual per se, that reliable reaction transfer from the primer or transfer set to the delay set is achieved.
- the essence of the invention is therefore an improvement in the transition between the firing rate and the delay rate.
- the geometric design of the sentence that ignites the delay sentence or the first of several delay sentences makes the greatest contribution to increasing security.
- the set that ignites the delay line is either a slow-burning ignition set from the outset, or, particularly preferably, there are at least two transmission sets between the ignition set and the delay line according to claim 3, at least the middle region of the set igniting in the delay line protruding into the first delay set.
- the choice of substances for the split transfer rates is essentially from the point of view that the jumps in the physical property values at the interfaces become smaller. Such a measure increases the reliability of the ignition element.
- the breakdown the transfer set into two or more sets with properties changing in smaller increments can also make it possible for the delay set to have properties that are even more desirable per se, such as an even lower reaction speed, but such a material for the delay set So far it was out of the question, because otherwise the transition from the primer to the retarding sentence would have become even more problematic because it was too different.
- a further improvement is achieved if the otherwise known plane-parallel transmission ranges between the individual delay sets are changed.
- a change in the range between the first and second delay set is particularly preferred.
- the individual delay sets are usually chemically and physically identical.
- the delay line is divided into several sentences only for manufacturing reasons. It means practically no additional effort if the front side of the first deceleration set in the detonation direction is also bulged, which can be done with the same tool. With this measure, a further improvement in reliability is observed.
- the invention is shown in the drawing and further described by way of example.
- the figure shows a section through an ignition element with a detonative output.
- the ignition element consists of a cylindrical sleeve 1 with an outer diameter of 5 mm and a length of 17 mm.
- the primer consists of a sensitive friction set of high reaction speed, which is ignited with a piercing needle, and in which the reaction zone at a speed of approx. 500 mm / s progresses.
- the ignition element is designed for relatively long delay times - of the order of 10 s.
- the response speed in the delay line is less than 0.8 mm / s.
- the delay line consists of four chemically and physically identical sets 3, 4, 5, 6.
- the transmission line here consists of two sets 7, 8, which differ in chemical composition and which are coordinated with one another in such a way that the levels of the property values depend on the interfaces are as small as possible.
- the design of the transition region according to the invention or the design of the bottom surface of the usually cylindrical sets is used.
- the area between the transmission set 8 and the first delay set 3 is regarded as the most important transition area.
- the transition area from the first delay set 3 to the second delay set 4 also has the same shape. This second arched transition would not be absolutely necessary due to the same composition of sentences 3 and 4.
- the output of the ignition element is carried out in a known manner.
- the last delay set 6 is followed by a lead azide charge 9 and a PETN charge 10, which is covered with an aluminum plate 11.
- the last layer 12 consists of a sealing lacquer.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Led Devices (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Gas-Filled Discharge Tubes (AREA)
- Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
- Surface Acoustic Wave Elements And Circuit Networks Thereof (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Claims (4)
- Procédé de fabrication d'un allumeur, de préférence à retard de longue durée, comportant une enveloppe cylindrique (1) avec une extrémité antérieure et une extrémité postérieure dans laquelle sont disposées en couches successives au moins une charge d'allumage (2) et une ligne de retard formée d'au moins une charge retardatrice (3), la charge d'allumage qui met à feu la charge retardatrice (3) pénétrant par sa partie centrale dans ladite charge retardatrice (3) et l'extrémité antérieure du fourreau (1) étant agencée sous forme de sortie à à détonation ou de sortie de flamme, caractérisé par le fait que l'on introduit avec pression dans l'enveloppe (1) depuis l'extrémité antérieure de celle-ci jusqu'à son extrémité postérieure tout d'abord la charge d'allumage (2) au nombre d'au moins une, éventuellement au moins une charge relais (8), puis les autres charges (3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10) et que l'on procède au tassement de la charge (2, 8) d'allumage de la charge retardatrice (3), ou de la première charge retardatrice dans le cas de plusieurs charges retardatrices, au moyen d'un piston de tassement à surface frontale concave.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait qu'en outre on tasse avec un piston de tassement à surface frontale concave au moins la charge retardatrice (3) ou la première charge retardatrice dans le cas de plusieurs charges retardatrices.
- Allumeur fabriqué conformément au procédé selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que la charge d'allumage de la charge retardatrice (3) ou de la première charge retardatrice de la ligne de retard (3, 4, 5, 6) est constituée par une charge relais (8) qui est disposée entre la charge d'allumage (2) et la charge retardatrice (3) et pénètre par sa partie centrale dans ladite charge retardatrice (3), et par le fait qu'au moins une charge relais (7) supplémentaire est disposée entre la charge d'allumage (2) et la charge relais (8) et que les charges relais (7, 8) sont constituées de composants tels que les écarts entre les caractéristiques, en particulier la vitesse de réaction, diminuent au niveau des interfaces des charges pressées les unes contre les autres (2, 7, 8) ou de la charge retardatrice (3).
- Allumeur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins la première charge retardatrice (3) de la ligne de retard (3, 4, 5, 6,) pénètre par sa partie centrale dans la charge retardatrice (4) suivante.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3800455 | 1988-01-09 | ||
DE3800455A DE3800455A1 (de) | 1988-01-09 | 1988-01-09 | Zuendelement, vorzugsweise mit langer verzoegerungszeit |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0324371A2 EP0324371A2 (fr) | 1989-07-19 |
EP0324371A3 EP0324371A3 (en) | 1989-11-02 |
EP0324371B1 true EP0324371B1 (fr) | 1995-03-15 |
Family
ID=6345021
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89100116A Expired - Lifetime EP0324371B1 (fr) | 1988-01-09 | 1989-01-05 | Initiateur, de préférence à retard de longue durée |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5054396A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0324371B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE119994T1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE3800455A1 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK4989A (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2068839T3 (fr) |
GR (1) | GR3015433T3 (fr) |
IL (1) | IL88897A (fr) |
NO (1) | NO170865C (fr) |
TR (1) | TR25126A (fr) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2754051B3 (fr) * | 1989-03-20 | 1999-01-22 | Breed Automotive Tech | Amorce/detonateur stable a haute temperature et a faible demande d'energie, et procede pour son obtention |
US5187319A (en) * | 1990-09-20 | 1993-02-16 | Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs | Low vulnerability component of explosive ammunition and process for initiating a charge of low-sensitivity composite explosive |
IL96684A0 (fr) * | 1990-12-16 | 1991-09-16 | ||
US5204492A (en) * | 1991-10-30 | 1993-04-20 | Ici Explosives Usa Inc. | Low noise, low shrapnel detonator assembly for initiating signal transmission lines |
FR2704944B1 (fr) * | 1993-05-05 | 1995-08-04 | Ncs Pyrotechnie Technologies | Initiateur électro-pyrotechnique. |
IL108452A0 (en) * | 1994-01-27 | 1994-11-11 | Feigelson Leonid | Autonomous electric detonator |
DE10057673A1 (de) * | 2000-11-21 | 2002-05-23 | Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh | Gefechtskopf |
US6739264B1 (en) * | 2002-11-04 | 2004-05-25 | Key Safety Systems, Inc. | Low cost ignition device for gas generators |
WO2008074037A2 (fr) * | 2006-12-11 | 2008-06-19 | African Explosives Limited | Élément de temporisation rigide |
US8776689B2 (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2014-07-15 | Vincent Gonsalves | Energetics train reaction and method of making an intensive munitions detonator |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2560452A (en) * | 1947-06-04 | 1951-07-10 | Canadian Ind | Delay compositions for electric blasting caps |
US2717204A (en) * | 1952-05-02 | 1955-09-06 | Du Pont | Blasting initiator composition |
US2878752A (en) * | 1956-12-05 | 1959-03-24 | Du Pont | Blasting initiator |
GB933742A (en) * | 1960-12-09 | 1963-08-14 | Canadian Ind | Slow burning delay device |
FR1285413A (fr) * | 1961-01-13 | 1962-02-23 | Davey Bickford Smith & Cie Sa | Détonateurs électriques à temps |
FR1400588A (fr) * | 1964-04-14 | 1965-05-28 | Elément de retard pour détonateurs électriques | |
US3372643A (en) * | 1966-02-01 | 1968-03-12 | United Shoe Machinery Corp | Low explosive primerless formed charges |
FR1576201A (fr) * | 1967-08-17 | 1969-07-25 | ||
US3688702A (en) * | 1969-08-12 | 1972-09-05 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Detonator device for explosive charge exhibiting detonating effect capable of bridging gap between spaced charges |
FR2046583A5 (en) * | 1970-04-29 | 1971-03-05 | Explosifs Produits Chimi | Delay action layers for detonators |
US3945323A (en) * | 1974-06-14 | 1976-03-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Impact and self-destruct fuze |
US4005659A (en) * | 1975-08-20 | 1977-02-01 | Calspan Corporation | Impact actuated projectile fuze |
DE2852358C2 (de) * | 1978-12-04 | 1986-09-11 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | Verfahren zur Herstellung von gepreßten Sprengkörpern für Munition oder Sprengladungen, insbesondere großen Kalibers |
US4335652A (en) * | 1979-02-26 | 1982-06-22 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Company | Non-electric delay detonator |
US4369708A (en) * | 1979-09-21 | 1983-01-25 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Delay blasting cap |
US4386567A (en) * | 1981-07-28 | 1983-06-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Combination percussion-electric primer |
DE8406393U1 (de) * | 1984-03-01 | 1985-07-04 | Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg | Pyrotechnisches Verzögerungsbauteil |
CA1259855A (fr) * | 1986-06-26 | 1989-09-26 | Ghislain M. Dumas | Dispositif de temporisation du parti pyrotechnique sous des conditions d'acceleration extreme |
-
1988
- 1988-01-09 DE DE3800455A patent/DE3800455A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1989
- 1989-01-05 ES ES89100116T patent/ES2068839T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-01-05 DE DE58909103T patent/DE58909103D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-01-05 AT AT89100116T patent/ATE119994T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-01-05 EP EP89100116A patent/EP0324371B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-01-06 IL IL8889789A patent/IL88897A/en unknown
- 1989-01-06 TR TR89/0040A patent/TR25126A/xx unknown
- 1989-01-06 DK DK004989A patent/DK4989A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-01-06 NO NO890058A patent/NO170865C/no unknown
-
1990
- 1990-07-17 US US07/553,302 patent/US5054396A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-04-12 US US07/684,189 patent/US5125335A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-03-16 GR GR950400450T patent/GR3015433T3/el unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK4989D0 (da) | 1989-01-06 |
IL88897A0 (en) | 1989-08-15 |
NO890058L (no) | 1989-07-10 |
DK4989A (da) | 1989-07-10 |
GR3015433T3 (en) | 1995-06-30 |
NO170865C (no) | 1992-12-16 |
US5054396A (en) | 1991-10-08 |
IL88897A (en) | 1994-10-21 |
EP0324371A3 (en) | 1989-11-02 |
EP0324371A2 (fr) | 1989-07-19 |
ATE119994T1 (de) | 1995-04-15 |
TR25126A (tr) | 1992-10-01 |
ES2068839T3 (es) | 1995-05-01 |
DE3800455A1 (de) | 1989-07-20 |
NO890058D0 (no) | 1989-01-06 |
NO170865B (no) | 1992-09-07 |
DE58909103D1 (de) | 1995-04-20 |
US5125335A (en) | 1992-06-30 |
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