EP0323828B1 - Explosif pour ogives et propergols solides de fusée - Google Patents

Explosif pour ogives et propergols solides de fusée Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0323828B1
EP0323828B1 EP89100034A EP89100034A EP0323828B1 EP 0323828 B1 EP0323828 B1 EP 0323828B1 EP 89100034 A EP89100034 A EP 89100034A EP 89100034 A EP89100034 A EP 89100034A EP 0323828 B1 EP0323828 B1 EP 0323828B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
explosive
perchlorate
perchlorates
metals
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89100034A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0323828A1 (fr
Inventor
Vinzenz Bankhamer
Gerhard Zeman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Advanced Explosives Gesellschaft BR
Original Assignee
Advanced Explosives Gesellschaft BR
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Advanced Explosives Gesellschaft BR filed Critical Advanced Explosives Gesellschaft BR
Publication of EP0323828A1 publication Critical patent/EP0323828A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0323828B1 publication Critical patent/EP0323828B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
    • C06B33/08—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide with a nitrated organic compound

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an explosive for warheads and a rocket solid propellant, consisting of a high-energy secondary explosive with inorganic perchlorate and metal content with a high affinity for oxygen, as well as a desensitizing and binding agent.
  • a similar explosive is known from US-A 4 042 430, which relates to a high-temperature resistant explosive. What is common to both known explosives is that the oxidizing agent is present in a stoichiometric excess. As a result, the excess perchlorate is decomposed with energy consumption during the detonation. Only then can the released oxygen react with the metal. There is therefore a multi-stage reaction, which means that the energy conversion is relatively slow.
  • US-A-2,992,086 relates to a high energy disintegrant containing metal powder.
  • the composition according to the table in column 2, example 1:54 Al, 36 ammonium perchlorate, 4 TNT, 6 RDX, 3 binder is preferably set such that the amount of oxidizing agent is just sufficient for metal combustion and the amount of explosives is calculated so that the oxygen as possible is released completely and the temperature required for the metal-oxygen reaction is reached. There is no further teaching regarding the stoichiometry between the secondary explosive and the oxidant.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an explosive with a high energy content per unit volume.
  • the energy conversion should take place very quickly and be complete.
  • the invention solves this problem in that, in the case of a secondary explosive, the oxygen balance is balanced by the perchlorate component, for example, for a complete reaction to carbon dioxide and water.
  • the metal Due to the higher affinity of the metal for oxygen compared to carbon and hydrogen, the metal reacts violently with carbon dioxide and water. These are reduced and a considerable amount of energy is released. As a result, the explosive gas mixture is additionally heated, which significantly increases the performance of the explosive. Particularly favorable values are obtained if the stoichiometry of the metal portion causes the explosive gases to be reduced to hydrogen and carbon monoxide. If a particularly large heat release is desired with a reduced explosive gas volume, the explosive gases are reduced to elemental carbon and hydrogen by further increasing the metal content.
  • the perchlorates of the alkali and alkaline earth metals are provided as perchlorates.
  • Such perchlorates are inexpensive, easily accessible and can be prepared.
  • potassium or calcium perchlorate are used as perchlorate. Because of its low hygroscopicity, potassium perchlorate offers special processing advantages. Calcium perchlorate, on the other hand, increases performance due to its higher density and higher specific oxygen content.
  • heavy metals with a high affinity for oxygen such as zircon, can also be used.
  • An energy-rich, relatively dense and inexpensive rocket fuel is according to claim 9.
  • the explosives are mixed with rocket-solid fuel-specific phlegmatizing and binding agents as well as light metals.
  • the invention can also be used for rocket propellants without significant change, by using the lightest possible metals and special desensitizing and binding agents.
  • the plate was punched through, the hole diameter being 7mm.
  • the metal is said to explode. To do this, it is necessary to evaporate the metal first. As is known, this requires a high level of energy, since the heat of vaporization of aluminum, calcium, silicon is very high. When metals are added to normal explosives, their relatively low heat of explosion is usually insufficient to evaporate the metal quickly and completely. It also consumes a lot of the heat of the explosion and thus the temperature before the metal is burned, which results in a delay in the reaction. The energy of the explosives used must therefore first be increased.
  • this is achieved in that a safe explosive such as TNT, hexogen, octogen or nitropenta is poured, melted, mixed or combined with a solvent in such a large amount that a complete combustion with a balanced oxygen balance occurs , e.g. 16 mol TNT + 21 mol Ca (CBOa) 2 or 8 mol hexogen + 3 mol Ca (C20 4 ) 2 .
  • a safe explosive such as TNT, hexogen, octogen or nitropenta
  • This basic mixture is intimately mixed with the metal dust and fused or glued.
  • the proportion of the metal is at least so high that the water is reduced to hydrogen and the carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide. With further reduction, the energy increases, but the explosive gas volume decreases because the carbon monoxide is reduced to carbon. The resulting amounts of energy are very high without afterburning with the atmospheric oxygen.
  • the above mixture of TNT / Ca (Cl0 4 ) 2 can be a mixture of 37.6% Ai, 62.4% Ca (Ce0 4 ) 2 with one specific weight of 2.67 g / cm3 can be added.
  • the energy is 31.4 MJ / dm3.
  • High-energy rocket fuels are created by desensitizing mixtures containing ammonium perchlorate.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Explosif pour têtes militaires et carburant solide pour fusées, constitué par un explosif secondaire de forte énergie comprenant un perchlorate inorganique et une fraction métallique à affinité élevée pour l'oxygène ainsi qu'un agent stabilisateur et un liant, caractérisé en ce que entre les composants existent simultanément les rapports stoéchiométri- ques suivants:
- le bilan en oxygène de l'explosif secondaire est sensiblement compensé par la fraction de perchlorate en vue d'une réaction totale donnant du dioxyde de carbone et de l'eau; et
- la fraction métallique est déterminée au choix par le volume en découlant de gaz explosif réductible (C02 et H20) de manière que ce gaz soit réduit soit en monoxyde de carbone et en oxygène, soit en carbone et en oxygène.
2. Explosif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on prévoit en tant que perchlorates les perchlorates de métaux alcalins et alcalino-terreux.
3. Explosif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on prévoit pour 100 g d'hexogène ou d'oc- togène de 40 à 45 g de perchlorate de sodium et des quantités correspondantes de liant et d'agent de stabilisation, ou pour 100 g de TNT de 140 à 150 g de NaCl04.
4. Explosif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on prévoit en tant que perchlorates des perchlorates de lithium, de potassium ou de calcium.
5. Explosif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que pour 100 g d'hexogène ou d'octogène, on prévoit de 40 à 44 g de perchlorate de calcium et des quantités correspondantes de liant et d'agent de stabilisation.
6. Explosif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'en fonction du type du métal, 1, explosif contient de 25 à 45% en poids de fraction métallique.
7. Explosif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on prévoit en tant que métaux du silicium, du magnésium, du calcium, de l'aluminium ou des mélanges ou alliages de ces derniers.
8. Explosif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on prévoit en tant que métaux du zinc, du manganèse, du titane, du zircon ou des mélanges ou alliages de ces 5 derniers.
9. Explosif destiné à être utilisé en tant que carburant solide pour fusées selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'explosif comprend un agent de stabilisation et un liant spécifiques au carburant solide pour fusées, 10 ainsi que des métaux légers et leurs mélanges ou alliages.
EP89100034A 1988-01-05 1989-01-03 Explosif pour ogives et propergols solides de fusée Expired - Lifetime EP0323828B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0001388A AT390787B (de) 1988-01-05 1988-01-05 Verfahren zur herstellung eines sprengund/oder festtreibstoffes
AT13/88 1988-01-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0323828A1 EP0323828A1 (fr) 1989-07-12
EP0323828B1 true EP0323828B1 (fr) 1990-10-24

Family

ID=3479224

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89100034A Expired - Lifetime EP0323828B1 (fr) 1988-01-05 1989-01-03 Explosif pour ogives et propergols solides de fusée

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US4874441A (fr)
EP (1) EP0323828B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR960016613B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1034196A (fr)
AT (2) AT390787B (fr)
BR (1) BR8806970A (fr)
CA (1) CA1322656C (fr)
DE (1) DE58900019D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2019138B3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3001358T3 (fr)
IL (1) IL88805A0 (fr)
NO (1) NO171844C (fr)
SG (1) SG76991G (fr)
ZA (1) ZA8978B (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6523477B1 (en) 1999-03-30 2003-02-25 Lockheed Martin Corporation Enhanced performance insensitive penetrator warhead
DE102005011535B4 (de) * 2004-03-10 2010-05-12 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Mehrmodaler Sprengstoff
WO2006094531A1 (fr) * 2005-03-10 2006-09-14 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Explosif multimodal
CN103304351B (zh) * 2013-05-29 2015-10-28 西安近代化学研究所 一种油气深井用耐高温固体推进剂及其制备方法
CN106905091B (zh) * 2017-03-15 2019-05-07 重庆大学 一种基于高氯酸盐的可电控燃烧固体推进剂及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1250E (fr) * 1902-10-31 1903-07-01 Luciani Jacques Nouvel explosif
FR346813A (fr) * 1903-10-06 1905-02-11 Frank Eustace Wilkins Bowen Explosifs
FR394833A (fr) * 1908-10-02 1909-02-03 Walter Harcourt Palmer Perfectionnements dans les explosifs
FR465082A (fr) * 1913-11-20 1914-04-07 Ivan Basil Tarnowski Von Tarno Perfectionnements dans les explosifs
FR472371A (fr) * 1914-05-19 1914-12-03 Frank Reefer Burrows Composé explosif
US2992086A (en) * 1953-10-30 1961-07-11 Samuel J Porter High blast metal-oxygen reaction explosive
US3617405A (en) * 1960-02-03 1971-11-02 Us Army Incendiary composition containing a metal, metal alloy, oxidizer salt, and nitrated organic compound
FR1363136A (fr) * 1960-03-02 1964-06-12 Nitrochemie Gmbh Procédé de fabrication d'agents propulsifs
GB1302361A (fr) * 1960-05-11 1973-01-10
US3299811A (en) * 1964-10-02 1967-01-24 Robert W Gates Minimal gas producing low detonation rate explosive and detonation sources
US3865035A (en) * 1969-01-16 1975-02-11 Thiokol Chemical Corp Multi-use munition
US3756874A (en) * 1969-07-01 1973-09-04 Us Navy Temperature resistant propellants containing cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine
GB1427697A (en) * 1969-08-12 1976-03-10 Hercules Inc Process for producing cross-linked propellants
US3728173A (en) * 1969-10-17 1973-04-17 Intermountain Res & Eng Co Inc Dense explosive slurry compositions of high energy containing a gum mixture
FR2225979A5 (en) * 1969-12-24 1974-11-08 France Etat Highly explosive composite contg. crosslinked polyurethane binder - and nitro org cpds., with high explosive content
CA1084715A (fr) * 1978-02-07 1980-09-02 Jean-Francois Drolet Composition explosive ou propulsive haute energie

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE57677T1 (de) 1990-11-15
EP0323828A1 (fr) 1989-07-12
NO885407L (no) 1989-07-06
SG76991G (en) 1991-11-15
US4874441A (en) 1989-10-17
NO171844C (no) 1993-05-12
CA1322656C (fr) 1993-10-05
NO171844B (no) 1993-02-01
CN1034196A (zh) 1989-07-26
AT390787B (de) 1990-06-25
ZA8978B (en) 1989-09-27
IL88805A0 (en) 1989-07-31
ATA1388A (de) 1989-12-15
GR3001358T3 (en) 1992-09-11
BR8806970A (pt) 1989-09-05
DE58900019D1 (de) 1990-11-29
KR960016613B1 (ko) 1996-12-16
KR890011811A (ko) 1989-08-22
NO885407D0 (no) 1988-12-06
ES2019138B3 (es) 1991-06-01

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