EP0321570B1 - Pneumatic chuck - Google Patents

Pneumatic chuck Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0321570B1
EP0321570B1 EP88900259A EP88900259A EP0321570B1 EP 0321570 B1 EP0321570 B1 EP 0321570B1 EP 88900259 A EP88900259 A EP 88900259A EP 88900259 A EP88900259 A EP 88900259A EP 0321570 B1 EP0321570 B1 EP 0321570B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
chamber
inlet chamber
compressed air
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88900259A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0321570A4 (en
EP0321570A1 (en
Inventor
Leonid Gedalievich Slez
Jury Ivanovich Tjurin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Makeevsky Inzhenerno Stroitelny Institut
Original Assignee
Makeevsky Inzhenerno Stroitelny Institut
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Priority to AT88900259T priority Critical patent/ATE73695T1/en
Publication of EP0321570A1 publication Critical patent/EP0321570A1/en
Publication of EP0321570A4 publication Critical patent/EP0321570A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0321570B1 publication Critical patent/EP0321570B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
    • B08B9/027—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
    • B08B9/04—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes
    • B08B9/049—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes having self-contained propelling means for moving the cleaning devices along the pipes, i.e. self-propelled
    • B08B9/0495—Nozzles propelled by fluid jets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10S137/906—Valves biased by fluid "springs"
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S239/00—Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
    • Y10S239/13—Soot blowers and tube cleaners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86389—Programmer or timer
    • Y10T137/86405—Repeating cycle
    • Y10T137/86413—Self-cycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of water supply and drainage and relates in particular to compressed air cartridges.
  • a compressed air cartridge is known (SU, A, 130454) which contains a housing which is divided into an inlet chamber and a pressure chamber by a piston guided along its longitudinal axis.
  • the inlet chamber is connected to the compressed air source via an air supply pipe that passes through an axial bore in the piston.
  • the pressure chamber is connected to the inlet chamber via an annular gap between the air supply pipe and the piston.
  • the pressure chamber communicates with the environment when it is emptied.
  • the compressed air flows from the compressed air source through the air supply pipe into the inlet chamber and, while exerting the pressure, presses the end face of the piston facing the chamber against the latter against the seat.
  • the compressed air flows into the pressure chamber through the annular gap between the air supply pipe and the piston.
  • a valve is used to actuate the known compressed air cartridge, with the aid of which the air line connected to the air supply pipe can be connected to the atmosphere.
  • the compressed air escapes from the air line, the air supply pipe and the inlet chamber into the atmosphere.
  • the pressure in the inlet chamber drops and under the effect of the pressure on the solid surface from the side of the pressure chamber the piston moves to the side of the inlet chamber and thereby makes the through Openings in the housing of the compressed air cartridge through which the compressed air escapes into the environment.
  • the present invention has for its object to develop a compressed air cartridge with such a design of the piston, which would allow the predetermined operating mode to be maintained automatically and to enable its control without interrupting the compressed air cartridge operation; to ensure the work in liquid media oversaturated with solid suspended matter, to guarantee the operational reliability and the simple construction of the compressed air cartridge as well as the Significantly reduce energy consumption.
  • the damper device advantageously contains an annular body in which a damper is arranged with a support ring which interacts with the housing in the region of the inlet chamber at the time the pressure chamber is emptied.
  • the additional chamber expediently occurs at the time of the emptying of the pressure chamber via at least one through-channel made in the housing in the area of the inlet chamber and a safety valve at the outlet is connected to the environment.
  • the compressed air cartridge designed according to the invention is used for cleaning industrial pipelines in which supersaturated liquids up to pulps are conveyed with solid suspended matter and is operated in a wide air pressure range with automatic control of the parameters of the pneumatic "explosion".
  • This compressed air cartridge has a simple and operational structure. It also guarantees the greatest possible force of the "explosion” (the compressed air exhaust) and has the advantage of autonomous movement over the surface to be cleaned when cleaning the pipes.
  • the compressed air cartridge contains a housing 1 (see the accompanying drawing), which is divided into an inlet chamber 3 and a pressure chamber 4 by a piston 2 guided along its longitudinal axis.
  • the inlet chamber 3 is connected via holes 5 of an air supply pipe 6 to the compressed air source (not shown).
  • the air supply pipe 6 passes through an axial bore in the piston 2 and forms an annular gap 7 with the latter.
  • the inlet chamber 3 is connected to the pressure chamber 4 via the annular gap 7.
  • a ring extension 8 is embodied on the piston 2 and forms an additional chamber 9 on the side facing the inlet chamber 3.
  • the end face 10 of the piston 2 facing the pressure chamber 4 is larger than its end face 11 facing the inlet chamber 3 but smaller than the end face 12 of the ring extension 8 facing the pressure chamber 4.
  • the piston 2 is provided with a damper device which is accommodated within the ring extension 8 on the side facing the additional chamber 9.
  • the damper device contains an annular body 13 which is arranged screwed in the ring extension 8. In the annular body 13 there is a damper 14 with a support ring 15.
  • the damper 14 is made of an elastic material, for example polyurethane.
  • At least one through-channel 16 is implemented in the housing 1 in the area of the inlet chamber 3.
  • four through channels 16 are used.
  • a safety valve is arranged at the outlet of each through-channel 16.
  • the safety valve consists of a stopper 17, under which there is a ball 18, which is pressed by a spring 19 onto the outlet of the through-channel 16.
  • openings 20 are provided which run at an angle to the axis of the compressed air cartridge in order to enable its displacement during work.
  • a transition piece 21 is installed in the front end of the housing 1 on the compressed air supply side, which connects the compressed air cartridge to the compressed air source (not shown).
  • a ring 22 for fastening a rope (not shown) is attached to the transition piece 21, with the aid of which the compressed air cartridge is secured during operation and pulled out of the pipeline (not shown).
  • the compressed air cartridge works as follows.
  • the compressed air is supplied from the compressed air source (not shown) a high pressure hose (not shown), the transition piece 21, the air supply pipe 6 and its holes 5 are fed to the inlet chamber 3.
  • the compressed air flows from the inlet chamber 3 through the annular gap 7 into the pressure chamber 4.
  • the piston 2 is pressed onto the end face 11 of the seat under the effect of the air pressure and thus covers the through openings 20.
  • the force of the air pressure on the end face 10 is greater than the force of the air pressure on the end face 11 by the value of the frictional force between the Piston 2 and the housing 1.
  • the piston 2 begins to move in the direction of the inlet chamber 3.
  • the air pressure will spread to the end face 12 of the ring shoulder 8 of the piston 2.
  • the force of the air pressure on the piston 2 from the side of the pressure chamber 4 rises sharply and the piston 2 is moved to the inlet chamber 3 practically instantaneously, thereby practically clearing the through openings 20 through which the compressed air from the pressure chamber 4 explodes into the Environment escapes.
  • the air pressure in the inlet chamber 3 increases only slightly when the piston 2 is lifted on its side, and as soon as the piston 2 stops, it quickly drops to pressure values in the air supply pipe 6.
  • the movement of the piston 2 to the pressure chamber 4 to cover the through openings 20 takes longer than the piston stroke to the inlet chamber 3 to clear these openings. This is explained by the fact that the release takes place under the effect of the air pressure on the end face 12 of the annular shoulder 8 of the piston 2, while the covering takes place under the effect of the air pressure on the substantially smaller end face 11 of the piston 2. Therefore, the pressure chamber 4 is able to empty itself almost completely within this time, which further increases the performance of the compressed air cartridge.
  • the air losses in the compressed air cartridge according to the invention are absent because it is not necessary to let the air out into the atmosphere in order to reduce the pressure in the inlet chamber in order to actuate the compressed air cartridge, as is the case with the prior art known to date.
  • the compressed air cartridge according to the invention can most suitably be used for cleaning industrial pipelines in which heavily contaminated liquids are conveyed up to pulps, as well as for loosening caked-up precipitation in settling tanks and settling tanks of cooling towers and for breaking solids.

Abstract

A pneumatic chuck comprises a casing (1) divided by a piston (2), oriented along its longitudinal axis, into an inlet chamber (3) and a pumping chamber (4). The inlet chamber (3) is connected to a compressed air source through an air supply pipe (6) passing through an axial opening in the piston (2). The pumping chamber (4) is connected to the inlet chamber (3) through an annular gap (7) between the air supply pipe (6) and the piston (2). At the moment of its evacuation the pumping chamber (4) is connected to the atmosphere. The cross-sectional surface (10) of the piston (2), facing the pumping chamber (4), is larger than that of the end-face surface (11) of the piston (2), facing the inlet chamber (3) but smaller than that of the end-face surface (12) of an annular projection (8) on the piston (2), facing the pumping chamber (4), an additional chamber (9) being formed on the inlet chamber (3) side by said projection and by the casing (1).

Description

Gebiet der TechnikTechnical field

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf das Gebiet der Wasserversorgung und -ableitung und betrifft insbesondere Druckluftpatronen.The present invention relates to the field of water supply and drainage and relates in particular to compressed air cartridges.

Zugrundeliegender Stand der TechnikUnderlying state of the art

Es ist eine Druckluftpatrone bekannt (SU, A, 130454), die ein Gehäuse enthält, welches durch einen entlang seiner Längsachse geführten Kolben in eine Einlaufkammer und eine Druckkammer unterteilt ist. Die Einlaufkammer steht über ein durch eine axiale Bohrung im Kolben durchgehendes Luftzuführungsrohr mit der Druckluftquelle in Verbindung. Die Druckkammer ist über einen Ringspalt zwischen dem Luftzuführungsrohr und dem Kolben mit der Einlaufkammer verbunden. Außerdem tritt die Druckkammer im Zeitpunkt ihrer Entleerung mit der Umgebung in Verbindung.A compressed air cartridge is known (SU, A, 130454) which contains a housing which is divided into an inlet chamber and a pressure chamber by a piston guided along its longitudinal axis. The inlet chamber is connected to the compressed air source via an air supply pipe that passes through an axial bore in the piston. The pressure chamber is connected to the inlet chamber via an annular gap between the air supply pipe and the piston. In addition, the pressure chamber communicates with the environment when it is emptied.

Die Druckluft strömt aus der Druckluftquelle über das Luftzuführungsrohr in die Einlaufkammer ein und preßt unter Ausübung des Druckes auf die der erwähnten Kammer zugewandte Stirnfläche des Kolbens diesen letzteren an den Sitz an. Durch den Ringspalt zwischen dem Luftzuführungsrohr und dem Kolben strömt die Druckluft in die Druckkammer über. Zum Betätigen der bekannten Druckluftpatrone dient ein Ventil, mit dessen Hilfe die mit dem Luftzuführungsrohr verbundene Luftleitung an die Atmosphäre angeschlossen werden kann.The compressed air flows from the compressed air source through the air supply pipe into the inlet chamber and, while exerting the pressure, presses the end face of the piston facing the chamber against the latter against the seat. The compressed air flows into the pressure chamber through the annular gap between the air supply pipe and the piston. A valve is used to actuate the known compressed air cartridge, with the aid of which the air line connected to the air supply pipe can be connected to the atmosphere.

Sobald der Anschluß der Luftleitung an die Atmosphäre durch die Bedienungsperson hergestellt ist, entweicht die Druckluft aus der Luftleitung, dem Luftzuführungsrohr und der Einlaufkammer in die Atmosphäre. Dabei fällt der Druck in der Einlaufkammer ab und unter der Wirkung des Druckes auf die feste Oberfläche von der Seite der Druckkammer her geht der Kolben nach der Seite der Einlaufkammer und macht dabei die durchgehenden Öffnungen im Gehäuse der Druckluftpatrone, durch welche die Druckluft in die Umgebung entweicht, auf.As soon as the connection of the air line to the atmosphere has been established by the operator, the compressed air escapes from the air line, the air supply pipe and the inlet chamber into the atmosphere. The pressure in the inlet chamber drops and under the effect of the pressure on the solid surface from the side of the pressure chamber the piston moves to the side of the inlet chamber and thereby makes the through Openings in the housing of the compressed air cartridge through which the compressed air escapes into the environment.

Die bekannte Druckluftpatrone ist zum Brechen von Festgesteinen und Kohle geeignet, docht ist es unmöglich, sie zum Reinigen von Industrierohrleitungen und Behältern mit verdichteten Niederschlägen einzusetzen, und zwar aus folgenden Gründen:

  • der Einsatz eines Ventils (eines Entleerungskopfes) gestattet es nicht, den vorgegebenen Betriebszustand der Druckluftpatrone während einer längeren Zeit automatisch aufrechzuerhalten;
  • das für Hochdruck ausgelegte Ventil (der Entleerungskopf) stellt eine komplizierte Einrichtung dar, die bei kontinuierlichem Dauerbetrieb die erforderliche Betriebszuverlässigkeit der Druckluftpatrone nicht gewährleistet (beim Abbau genügt eine einzige "Explosion");
  • die große Länge der Luftleitung von der Druckluftpatrone bis zum das Ventil betätigenden Bedienungsmann ruft große Druckluftverluste in die Atmosphäre hervor und vermindert aufgrund eines verhältnismäßig langsamen Druckabfalls in der Einlaufkammer wegen des großen Luftgesamtvolumens in der Luftleitung, dem Luftzuführungsrohr und der Einlaufkammer die Schnellwirkung des Kolbens in der Druckluftpatrone, was die Kraft der "Explosion" beträchtlich verringert.
The known compressed air cartridge is suitable for breaking solid rock and coal, but it is impossible to use it for cleaning industrial pipelines and containers with compressed precipitation, for the following reasons:
  • the use of a valve (an emptying head) does not allow the specified operating state of the compressed air cartridge to be automatically maintained for a longer period of time;
  • the high-pressure valve (the emptying head) is a complicated device which does not guarantee the required operational reliability of the compressed air cartridge during continuous continuous operation (a single "explosion" is sufficient when dismantling);
  • The large length of the air line from the compressed air cartridge to the operator operating the valve causes large compressed air losses into the atmosphere and, due to a relatively slow pressure drop in the inlet chamber, reduces the rapid action of the piston in the because of the large total air volume in the air line, the air supply pipe and the inlet chamber Air cartridge, which considerably reduces the power of the "explosion".

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Druckluftpatrone mit einer derartigen Ausführung des Kolbens zu entwickeln, die es gestatten würde, die vorvorgegebene Betriebsart automatisch aufrechtzuerhalten und deren Regelung ohne Unterbrechung des Druckluftpatronenbetriebes zu ermöglichen; die Arbeit in mit festen Schwebestoffen übersättigten flüssigen Medien sicherzustellen, die Betriebszuverlässigkeit und den einfachen Aufbau der Druckluftpatrone zu gewährleisten sowie den Energieaufwand beträchtlich zu senken.The present invention has for its object to develop a compressed air cartridge with such a design of the piston, which would allow the predetermined operating mode to be maintained automatically and to enable its control without interrupting the compressed air cartridge operation; to ensure the work in liquid media oversaturated with solid suspended matter, to guarantee the operational reliability and the simple construction of the compressed air cartridge as well as the Significantly reduce energy consumption.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß bei einer Druckluftpatrone, enthaltend ein Gehäuse, das durch einen entlang seiner Längsachse geführten Kolben in eine Einlaufkammer, die über ein durch eine axiale Bohrung im Kolben hindurchgehendes Luftzuführungsrohr mit einer Druckluftquelle verbunden ist, und eine Druckkammer, die über einen Ringspalt zwischen dem Luftzuführungsrohr und dem Kolben mit der Einlaufkammer verbunden ist und im Zeitpunkt ihrer Entleerung mit der Umgebung in Verbindung tritt, unterteilt ist, erfindungsgemäß die der Druckkammer zugewandte Stirnfläche des Kolbens größer als die der Einlaufkammer zugewandte Stirnfläche des Kolbens, doch kleiner als die der Druckkammer zugewandte Stirnfläche eines mit dem Gehäuse auf der Seite der Einlaufkammer eine Zusatzkammer bildenden Ringansatzes am Kolben ist.This object is achieved in that, in the case of a compressed air cartridge containing a housing, which is guided by a piston guided along its longitudinal axis into an inlet chamber which is connected to a compressed air source via an air supply pipe which passes through an axial bore in the piston, and a pressure chamber which is connected via a an annular gap between the air supply pipe and the piston is connected to the inlet chamber and, when it is emptied, communicates with the surroundings, the end face of the piston facing the pressure chamber is larger than the end face of the piston facing the inlet chamber, but smaller than that the end face facing the pressure chamber is an annular shoulder on the piston forming an additional chamber with the housing on the side of the inlet chamber.

Zur Dämpfung von dynamischen Kräften, die beim Aufprall des Kolbens auf das Gehäuse der Druckluftpatrone im Zeitpunkt der "Explosion" auftreten sowie zur Rückführung des Kolbens in die Ausgangsstellung ist es nötig, den Kolben mit einer Dämpfervorrichtung zu versehen, welche innerhalb des Ringansatzes auf der der Zusatzkammer zugewandten Seite untergebracht ist.To dampen dynamic forces that occur when the piston impacts the housing of the compressed air cartridge at the time of the "explosion" and to return the piston to the starting position, it is necessary to provide the piston with a damper device which is located within the ring shoulder on the Additional chamber facing side is housed.

Die Dämpfervorrichtung enthält günstigerweise einen ringförmigen Körper, in dem ein Dämpfer mit einem mit dem Gehäuse im Bereich der Einlaufkammer im Zeitpunkt der Entleerung der Druckkammer zusammenwirkenden Stützring angeordnet ist.The damper device advantageously contains an annular body in which a damper is arranged with a support ring which interacts with the housing in the region of the inlet chamber at the time the pressure chamber is emptied.

Eine derartige konstruktive Ausbildung sorgt für die Betriebszuverlässigkeit und die Dauerhaftigkeit der Dämpfervorrichtung.Such a design ensures the operational reliability and durability of the damper device.

Die Zusatzkammer tritt zweckmäßigerweise im Zeitpunkt der Entleerung der Druckkammer über mindestens einen im Gehäuse im Bereich der Einlaufkammer ausgeführten Durchgangskanal, an dessen Ausgang ein Sicherheitsventil angeordnet ist, mit der Umgebung in Verbindung.The additional chamber expediently occurs at the time of the emptying of the pressure chamber via at least one through-channel made in the housing in the area of the inlet chamber and a safety valve at the outlet is connected to the environment.

Dadurch wird die dämpfende Einwirkung der Luft in der Zusatzkammer wesentlich vermindert und die letztere gegen Verschmutzung gesichert.This significantly reduces the dampening effect of the air in the additional chamber and secures the latter against contamination.

Die erfindungsgemäß ausgeführte Druckluftpatrone wird zum Reinigen von Industrierohrleitungen, in denen mit festen Schwebestoffen übersättigte Flüssigkeiten, bis hin zu Pulpen, befördert werden, verwendet und wird in einem breiten Luftdruckbereich bei automatischer Regelung der Parameter der pneumatischen "Explosion" betrieben. Diese Druckluftpatrone besitzt einen einfachen und betriebstüchtigen Aufbau. Sie gewährleistet darüber hinaus die größtmögliche Kraft der "Explosion" (des Druckluftauspuffes) und hat beim Reinigen der Rohrleitungen den Vorteil einer autonomen Bewegung über die zu reinigende läche.The compressed air cartridge designed according to the invention is used for cleaning industrial pipelines in which supersaturated liquids up to pulps are conveyed with solid suspended matter and is operated in a wide air pressure range with automatic control of the parameters of the pneumatic "explosion". This compressed air cartridge has a simple and operational structure. It also guarantees the greatest possible force of the "explosion" (the compressed air exhaust) and has the advantage of autonomous movement over the surface to be cleaned when cleaning the pipes.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Nachstehend wird ein konkretes Ausführungsbeispiel der Druckluftpatrone mit Hinweisen auf die beiliegende Zeichnung angeführt. Die Zeichnung zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Druckluftpatrone in Längsschnitt.Below is a specific embodiment of the compressed air cartridge with references to the accompanying drawing. The drawing shows the compressed air cartridge according to the invention in longitudinal section.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsvariante der ErfindungPreferred embodiment variant of the invention

Die Druckluftpatrone enthält ein Gehäuse 1 (siehe die beiliegende Zeichnung), das durch einen entlang seine Längsachse geführten Kolben 2 in eine Einlaufkammer 3 und eine Druckkammer 4 unterteilt ist. Die Einlaufkammer 3 steht über Löcher 5 eines Luftzuführungsrohres 6 mit der (nicht abgebildeten) Druckluftquelle in Verbindung. Das Luftzuführungsrohr 6 geht durch eine axiale Bohrung im Kolben 2 hindurch und bildet mit dem letzteren einen Ringspalt 7. Die Einlaufkammer 3 ist mit der Druckkammer 4 über den Ringspalt 7 verbunden.The compressed air cartridge contains a housing 1 (see the accompanying drawing), which is divided into an inlet chamber 3 and a pressure chamber 4 by a piston 2 guided along its longitudinal axis. The inlet chamber 3 is connected via holes 5 of an air supply pipe 6 to the compressed air source (not shown). The air supply pipe 6 passes through an axial bore in the piston 2 and forms an annular gap 7 with the latter. The inlet chamber 3 is connected to the pressure chamber 4 via the annular gap 7.

Am Kolben 2 ist ein Ringansatz 8 ausgeführt, der auf der der Einlaufkammer 3 zugewandten Seite eine Zusatzkammer 9 bildet.A ring extension 8 is embodied on the piston 2 and forms an additional chamber 9 on the side facing the inlet chamber 3.

Die der Druckkammer 4 zugewandte Stirnfläche 10 des Kolbens 2 ist größer als seine der Einlaufkammer 3 zugewandte Stirnfläche 11 doch kleiner als die der Druckkammer 4 zugewandte Stirnfläche 12 des Ringansatzes 8.The end face 10 of the piston 2 facing the pressure chamber 4 is larger than its end face 11 facing the inlet chamber 3 but smaller than the end face 12 of the ring extension 8 facing the pressure chamber 4.

Der Kolben 2 ist mit einer Dämpfervorrichtung versehen, die innerhalb des Ringansatzes 8 auf der der Zusatzkammer 9 zugewandten Seite untergebracht ist.The piston 2 is provided with a damper device which is accommodated within the ring extension 8 on the side facing the additional chamber 9.

Die Dämpfervorrichtung enthält einen ringförmigen Körper 13, der in dem Ringansatz 8 verschraubt angeordnet ist. Im ringförmigen Körper 13 befindet sich ein Dämpfer 14 mit einem Stützring 15. Der Dämpfer 14 ist aus einem elastischen Werkstoff, beispielsweise Polyurethan, hergestellt.The damper device contains an annular body 13 which is arranged screwed in the ring extension 8. In the annular body 13 there is a damper 14 with a support ring 15. The damper 14 is made of an elastic material, for example polyurethane.

Im Gehäuse 1 ist im Bereich der Einlaufkammer 3 mindestens ein Durchgangskanal 16 ausgeführt. In dem konkreten Ausführungsbeispiel der Druckluftpatrone sind vier Durchgangskanäle 16 verwendet. Am Ausgang jedes Durchgangskanales 16 ist ein Sicherheitsventil angeordnet. Das Sicherheitsventil besteht aus einem Stopfen 17, unter dem sich eine Kugel 18 befindet, die durch eine Feder 19 an den Ausgang des Durchgangskanals 16 angedrückt wird.At least one through-channel 16 is implemented in the housing 1 in the area of the inlet chamber 3. In the specific embodiment of the compressed air cartridge, four through channels 16 are used. A safety valve is arranged at the outlet of each through-channel 16. The safety valve consists of a stopper 17, under which there is a ball 18, which is pressed by a spring 19 onto the outlet of the through-channel 16.

Im Gehäuse 1 sind im Bereich der Druckkammer 4 Durchgangsöffnungen 20 vorgesehen, welche in einem Winkel zur Achse der Druckluftpatrone verlaufen, um ihre Verschiebung während der Arbeit zu ermöglichen.In the housing 1 in the area of the pressure chamber 4, through openings 20 are provided which run at an angle to the axis of the compressed air cartridge in order to enable its displacement during work.

In das Stirnende des Gehäuses 1 ist auf der Druckluftzuführungsseite ein Übergangsstück 21 eingebaut, das die Druckluftpatrone mit der Druckluftquelle (nicht abgebildet) verbindet. Am Übergangsstück 21 wird ein Ring 22 zum Festmachen eines Seiles (nicht gezeigt) angebracht, mit dessen Hilfe die Druckluftpatrone während des Betriebes gesichert und aus der Rohrleitung (nicht gezeigt) herausgezogen wird.A transition piece 21 is installed in the front end of the housing 1 on the compressed air supply side, which connects the compressed air cartridge to the compressed air source (not shown). A ring 22 for fastening a rope (not shown) is attached to the transition piece 21, with the aid of which the compressed air cartridge is secured during operation and pulled out of the pipeline (not shown).

Die Druckluftpatrone funktioniert folgenderweise. Die Druckluft wird aus der Druckluftquelle (nicht abgebildet)über einen Hochdruckschlauch (nicht gezeigt), das Übergangsstück 21, das Luftzuführungsrohr 6 und dessen Löcher 5 der Einlaufkammer 3 zugeführt. Aus der Einlaufkammer 3 strömt die Druckluft durch den Ringspalt 7 in die Druckkammer 4 über. Dabei wird der Kolben 2 unter der Wirkung des Luftdruckes auf seine Stirnfläche 11 an den Sitz angedrückt und überdeckt somit die Durchgangsöffnungen 20.The compressed air cartridge works as follows. The compressed air is supplied from the compressed air source (not shown) a high pressure hose (not shown), the transition piece 21, the air supply pipe 6 and its holes 5 are fed to the inlet chamber 3. The compressed air flows from the inlet chamber 3 through the annular gap 7 into the pressure chamber 4. The piston 2 is pressed onto the end face 11 of the seat under the effect of the air pressure and thus covers the through openings 20.

Da die Stirnfläche 10 des Kolbens 2 größer als seine Stirnfläche 11 ist, so wird nach Erreichen eines vorgegebenen Druckes in der Druckkammer 4 die Kraft des Luftdruckes auf die Stirnfläche 10 größer als die Kraft des Luftdruckes auf die Stirnfläche 11 um den Wert der Reibungskraft zwischen dem Kolben 2 und dem Gehäuse 1. Dabei beginnt sich der Kolben 2 in Richtung zur Einlaufkammer 3 zu bewegen. Sobald der Kolben 2 vom Sitz abgegangen ist, wird sich der Luftdruck auf die Stirnfläche 12 des Ringansatzes 8 des Kolbens 2 ausbreiten. Die Kraft des Luftdruckes auf den Kolben 2 von der Seite der Druckkammer 4 her steigt stark an und der Kolben 2 wird praktisch augenblicklich zur Einlaufkammer 3 verschoben und macht dabei praktisch momentan die Durchgangsöffnungen 20 frei, durch welche die Druckluft aus der Druckkammer 4 explosionsartig in die Umgebung entweicht.Since the end face 10 of the piston 2 is larger than its end face 11, after reaching a predetermined pressure in the pressure chamber 4, the force of the air pressure on the end face 10 is greater than the force of the air pressure on the end face 11 by the value of the frictional force between the Piston 2 and the housing 1. The piston 2 begins to move in the direction of the inlet chamber 3. As soon as the piston 2 has left the seat, the air pressure will spread to the end face 12 of the ring shoulder 8 of the piston 2. The force of the air pressure on the piston 2 from the side of the pressure chamber 4 rises sharply and the piston 2 is moved to the inlet chamber 3 practically instantaneously, thereby practically clearing the through openings 20 through which the compressed air from the pressure chamber 4 explodes into the Environment escapes.

Der Aufprall des Kolbens 2 auf das Gehäuse 1 im Bereich der Einlaufkammer 3 wird vom Dämpfer 14 über den Stützring 15 aufgenommen. Der Dämpfer 14 speichert, indem er zusammengedrückt wird, die Zustandsenergie auf, die er daraufhin an den Kolben 2 abgibt, um diesen in die Ausgangsstellung zurückzuführen.The impact of the piston 2 on the housing 1 in the area of the inlet chamber 3 is absorbed by the damper 14 via the support ring 15. By being compressed, the damper 14 stores the state energy which it then releases to the piston 2 in order to return it to the starting position.

In der Zusatzkammer 9 wird ein geringer berdruck unterhalten, bedingt durch den hydraulischen Widerstand der Sicherheitsventile, die am Ausgang der Durchgangskanäle 16 angeordnet sind.A slight excess pressure is maintained in the additional chamber 9, due to the hydraulic resistance of the safety valves which are arranged at the outlet of the through-channels 16.

Nach der Entleerung der Druckkammer 4 läuft der Kolben 2 unter der Wirkung der Druckluft auf die Stirnfläche 11 des Kolbens 2 und unter dem Einfluß des Dämpfers 14 in die Ausgangsstellung zurück. Darauf wiederholt sich der Arbeitszyklus der Druckluftpatrone.After the pressure chamber 4 has been emptied, the piston 2 runs under the action of the compressed air on the end face 11 of the piston 2 and under the influence of the damper 14 back to the starting position. Then the working cycle of the compressed air cartridge is repeated.

Es sei angemerkt, daß der Luftdruck in der Einlaufkammer 3 beim Hub des Kolbens 2 nach ihrer Seite nur geringfügig zunimmt, und, sobald der Kolben 2 hält, fällt dieser schnell auf Druckwerte im Luftzuführungsrohr 6 ab. Die Bewegung des Kolbens 2 zur Druckkammer 4 zum Überdecken der Durchgangsöffnungen 20 dauert länger als der Kolbenhub zur Einlaufkammer 3 zum Freimachen dieser Öffnungen. Dies erklärt sich dadurch, daß das Freimachen unter der Wirkung des Luftdruckes auf die Stirnfläche 12 des Ringansatzes 8 des Kolbens 2 erfolgt, während das Zudecken unter der Wirkung des Luftdruckes auf die wesentlich kleinere Stirnfläche 11 des kolbens 2 geschieht. Deswegen ist die Druckkammer 4 binnen dieser Zeit in der Lage, sich fast völlig zu entleeren, was die Leistung der Druckluftpatrone zusätzlich erhöht.It should be noted that the air pressure in the inlet chamber 3 increases only slightly when the piston 2 is lifted on its side, and as soon as the piston 2 stops, it quickly drops to pressure values in the air supply pipe 6. The movement of the piston 2 to the pressure chamber 4 to cover the through openings 20 takes longer than the piston stroke to the inlet chamber 3 to clear these openings. This is explained by the fact that the release takes place under the effect of the air pressure on the end face 12 of the annular shoulder 8 of the piston 2, while the covering takes place under the effect of the air pressure on the substantially smaller end face 11 of the piston 2. Therefore, the pressure chamber 4 is able to empty itself almost completely within this time, which further increases the performance of the compressed air cartridge.

Die Luftverluste in der erfindungsgemäßen Druckluftpatrone fehlen, weil es nicht nötig ist, die Luft in die Atmosphäre auszulassen, um den Druck in der Einlaufkammer herabzusetzen zwecks Betätigung der Druckluftpatrone, wie es bei dem bisher bekannten Stand der Technik der Fall ist.The air losses in the compressed air cartridge according to the invention are absent because it is not necessary to let the air out into the atmosphere in order to reduce the pressure in the inlet chamber in order to actuate the compressed air cartridge, as is the case with the prior art known to date.

Da die Durchgangsöffnungen 20 relativ schnell freigemacht werden, entweicht ziemlich rasch die Druckluft aus der Druckkammer 4 in die Umgebung, wodurch Stoßwellen einer großen Leistung erzeugt werden können.Since the through openings 20 are cleared relatively quickly, the compressed air escapes from the pressure chamber 4 into the surroundings quite quickly, whereby shock waves of a large power can be generated.

Industrielle AnwendbarkeitIndustrial applicability

Die erfindungsgemäße Druckluftpatrone kann am zweckmäßigsten zum Reinigen von Industrierohrleitungen, in denen starkverschmutzte Flüssigkeiten bis hin zu Pulpen befördert werden, sowie zum Auflockern von zusammengebackenen Niederschlägen in Klärbecken und Absetzbehältern von Kühltürmen sowie zum Brechen von Feststoffen verwendet werden.The compressed air cartridge according to the invention can most suitably be used for cleaning industrial pipelines in which heavily contaminated liquids are conveyed up to pulps, as well as for loosening caked-up precipitation in settling tanks and settling tanks of cooling towers and for breaking solids.

Claims (4)

1. An air-blasting cartridge, comprising housing (1) subdivised, by a piston (2) arranged lengthwise a longitudinal axis thereof, into an inlet chamber (3) communicating with a source of compressed air through an air admission tube (6) which runs through an axial port of paid piston (2), and a discharge chamber (4), communicating with the inlet chamber (3) through an annular gap (7) between said air admission tube (6) and said piston (2) and adapted to communicate with the surrounding atmosphere at the instant of its discharge characterized in that the area of the end surface (10) of said piston (2) that faces said discharge chamber (4) is greater than the area of the end surface (11) of said piston (2) that faces paid inlet chamber (3) but is smaller than the area of the end surface (12) of a collar (8) on said piston (2) that faces said discharge chamber (4), said collar forming, together with said housing (1), an additional chamber (9) on the side facing said inlet chamber (3).
2. An air-blasting cartridge as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that said piston (2) is provided with a damping device situated in said collar (8) on the side facing said additional chamber (9).
3. An air-blasting cartridge as claimed in Claim 2, characterized in that said damping device comprises a circular housing (13) accommodating a damper (14) with a bearing ring (15) which is adapted to interact with said housing (1) within the zone of said inlet chamber (3) at the instant when said discharge chamber (3) is being discharged.
4. An air-blasting cartridge as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that said additional chamber (9) establishes communication, at the instant when said discharge chamber (4) is being discharged, with the surrounding atmosphere through at least one open-end passage (16) made in said housing (1) close to said inlet chamber (3), a pressure relief valve being provided at the outlet of said passage.
EP88900259A 1987-06-23 1987-10-21 Pneumatic chuck Expired - Lifetime EP0321570B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88900259T ATE73695T1 (en) 1987-06-23 1987-10-21 AIR CARTRIDGE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SU874263106A SU1549622A1 (en) 1987-06-23 1987-06-23 Arrangement for cleaning internal surfaces of pipe-lines
SU4263106 1987-06-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0321570A1 EP0321570A1 (en) 1989-06-28
EP0321570A4 EP0321570A4 (en) 1989-10-24
EP0321570B1 true EP0321570B1 (en) 1992-03-18

Family

ID=21311304

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88900259A Expired - Lifetime EP0321570B1 (en) 1987-06-23 1987-10-21 Pneumatic chuck

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US4966326A (en)
EP (1) EP0321570B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0738977B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1010052B (en)
BR (1) BR8707803A (en)
CA (1) CA1296848C (en)
DD (1) DD271063A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3777659D1 (en)
FI (1) FI890852A0 (en)
IN (1) IN168927B (en)
SU (1) SU1549622A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL126150A0 (en) 1998-09-09 1999-05-09 Prowell Technologies Ltd Gas impulse device and method of use thereof
WO2009137314A1 (en) * 2008-05-06 2009-11-12 Graco Minnesota Inc. Cleaning fluid cartridge
IT1393219B1 (en) * 2009-03-02 2012-04-11 Botti Elio S A S Di Botti Elio & C DEVICE FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF WATER DUCTS AND ITS MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE
FR2951260B1 (en) * 2009-10-09 2011-12-23 Arts MACHINE FOR DECREASING ALVEOLAR BODIES OF THERMAL EXCHANGER AIR-WATER
CN102794282B (en) * 2012-08-31 2014-05-21 富威科技（吴江）有限公司 Isobaric inflatable seal joint device for cleaning internal wall of tube
CN105927223A (en) * 2016-06-24 2016-09-07 许连海 Safety blasting system
CN106733963B (en) * 2016-12-05 2023-04-07 四川中匠科技有限公司 Self-dissolving pipeline cleaning robot

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU130454A1 (en) * 1959-02-25 1959-11-30 Д.И. Адамидзе Automatic pneumatic chuck
NL6906310A (en) * 1968-05-08 1969-11-11
US3536263A (en) * 1968-07-31 1970-10-27 Halliburton Co Spray nozzle for cleaning the interior of tubing having interior deposits
US3814330A (en) * 1973-03-01 1974-06-04 Mcneil Corp Nozzle
SU1119633A1 (en) * 1983-04-21 1984-10-23 Всесоюзное Научно-Производственное Объединение По Механизации Орошения "Радуга" Pulse sprinkler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8707803A (en) 1989-10-31
IN168927B (en) 1991-07-13
CA1296848C (en) 1992-03-10
JPH0738977B2 (en) 1995-05-01
JPH01503767A (en) 1989-12-21
DE3777659D1 (en) 1992-04-23
EP0321570A4 (en) 1989-10-24
DD271063A5 (en) 1989-08-23
SU1549622A1 (en) 1990-03-15
FI890852A (en) 1989-02-22
CN1032851A (en) 1989-05-10
US4966326A (en) 1990-10-30
EP0321570A1 (en) 1989-06-28
CN1010052B (en) 1990-10-17
FI890852A0 (en) 1989-02-22

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