RU2299099C2 - Device for purification of the internal surfaces of the pipelines - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: municipal economy; many branches of industry; device for purification of the inner surface of the pipelines.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of municipal economy, many branches of industry and may be used for purification of the industrial pipelines pumping over the badly polluted liquids, right up to the fine pulp, and also free-flow pipelines clogged by the sediments. The device contains the hollow cylindrical body with the installed on it cups and the working tool rigidly fixed on the anvil spring-loaded concerning the tank and located the front part of the impact chamber with the radial holes in the body and with the butt tail hole with the inlet valve. The device is additionally supplied with the in series connected by means of the step piston discharge and working chambers. The discharge chamber is connected with the impact chamber through the tail hole, and the inlet valve is located in the discharge chamber and linked by means of the telescopic coupling rod with the step piston from the side of the first step. The latter is arranged in the working chamber and from the side of the second step it is supplied with the internal cylinder interacting with the motionless piston with formation of the cavity connected by the groove in the body with the source of the compressed air and through the channel in the step piston with the discharge chamber. At that the area of the first step of the stepped piston exceeds the area of the butt surface of the motionless piston and exceeds the area of the annular surface of the inlet valve from the side of the discharge chamber. The invention ensures the increased quality of purification from the viscous, dense and solid sediments, effectively works in any conditions.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the increased quality of purification of the internal surfaces of the industrial and municipal economy pipelines internal surfaces from the viscous, dense and solid sediments, the device effectively works in any conditions.

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Description

The claimed invention relates to the field of public utilities and can be used to clean industrial pipelines pumping heavily contaminated liquids, up to the pulp, as well as where there are pressureless pipelines overgrown with deposits.

A device is known consisting of several cuffs interconnected. The inner part of each cuff is made of elastic elements arranged in a circle in several layers in a checkerboard pattern. The outer part of each cuff is made of spring elements arranged in two rows, also in a checkerboard pattern. External and internal elements are fixed on a hollow rod between the flanges (AS USSR No. 1414931, M. CL E03F 3/00, 1988).

A disadvantage of the known analogue is that with strong deposits, it is necessary to increase the pressure of the liquid working agent on the projectile, which leads to pushing it forward into the part of the pipeline that is overgrown with deposits and jamming. This reduces productivity and cleaning quality.

It is also known a device for cleaning the inner surface of the pipeline containing a petal cuff, a cavitator installed in front of it with a rod passing through the cuff, and a reciprocating mechanism. The latter is made in the form of a power cylinder connected to the cuff with at least one partition to divide it into chambers. A piston is mounted in each chamber for dividing the chamber into piston and rod parts. The cavitator rod is connected to the pistons. The rod cavity of the cylinder is communicated with the cavity in front of the cuff, and the piston cavity through the channel in the rod and installed in the baffle between the pistons of the spool are alternately communicated with the cavity before the cuff and with the cavity after the cuff. At the same time, the spool is installed with the possibility of its longitudinal movement in the partition, and its length exceeds the thickness of the partition (RF patent No. 2008991, M. class. VB 9/04, 1994).

The use of spools and channels with turns in this device suggests that the working agent (water) in the pipe does not contain solid inclusions, dirt, etc. After the passage of the projectile, 5-10% of the deposits (lamellar modification of iron oxides) remain on the walls of the pipeline, which, being partially detached from the steel, the pipes further independently break away from it and move with the flow of water.

Therefore, the use of spools and channels for a reciprocating device with cuffs is impossible, since when the hole in the spool is closed, an equilibrium state occurs and it does not work, and the device stops. This reduces productivity and cleaning quality.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention in technical essence is a device for cleaning the inner surface of pipelines, containing several cuffs mounted on a cylindrical body. The latter is equipped with a hollow cylindrical shock chamber with a spring-loaded intake valve in the end tail hole, placed in the chamber freely in front of the valve by a piston hammer and anvil spring-loaded relative to the housing, on which the working body with cutting plates is rigidly fixed. Radial holes are made on the surface of the casing from the anvil side (a.s. of the USSR No. 1798022, M. cl. B08B 9/04, 1993).

The device quite effectively destroys deposits of considerable hardness, however, when cleaning pipes with viscoplastic deposits, for example, caked clay, cement-sand mixture, sand or silt mixed with fuel oil, etc., the cutting elements are immersed in the deposits and cleaning stops.

The task to which the invention is directed is to increase the efficiency of the device by providing guaranteed cleaning of pipelines from any deposits.

To achieve the technical result, a known device comprising a hollow cylindrical body with cuffs mounted on it and a working body rigidly fixed to an anvil spring-loaded relative to the body, located in front of the shock chamber, having radical holes in the body and an end tail hole with an inlet valve, according to the invention further comprises a discharge chamber and a working chamber connected in series via a step piston, while the discharge chamber the measure is in communication with the shock chamber through the tail hole, and the inlet valve is placed in the discharge chamber and connected via a telescopic rod to the step piston from the side of the first stage, the latter is located in the working chamber and from the side of the second stage is made with an inner cylinder interacting with the stationary piston with the formation of a cavity connected by a channel in the housing to a source of compressed air and a channel in a stepped piston with a discharge chamber, and the area of the annular surface of the intake valve with sides of the injection chamber and the end surface area of the stationary piston is less than the annular area of the first stage of the step valve.

The drawing schematically shows the inventive device in the position of filling with air the discharge chamber.

A device for cleaning the inner surface of pipelines consists of a hollow cylindrical body 1 with cuffs 2 and 3 mounted on it. The body has a working chamber 4, a pressure chamber 6 and a pneumatic shock chamber 7 connected in series with it via a step piston 5.

In the front part of the chamber 7 there is an anvil 8 spring-loaded relative to the housing 1 with the working body 9 rigidly fixed on it with cutting elements 10. The pneumatic chamber 7 has radical openings 11 in the housing 1 for compressed air exhaust and an end tail hole 12, which is blocked by the inlet valve 13, placed in the discharge chamber 6 and connected by means of a telescopic rod 14 with a step piston 5, which is placed in the working chamber 4, from the side of the first stage 15. In this case, the chamber 6 is connected to the cavity 16 of the second st foam 17 of the piston 5 with an annular gap 18, overlapped by the first stage 15 of the piston 5. The latter from the side of the second stage 17 is made with an internal cylinder 19 interacting with the stationary piston 20 to form a cavity 21, which is connected by a channel 22 in the housing 1 to an external source of compressed air ( not shown) and channel 23 in a step piston 5 with a discharge chamber 6. The area of the first stage 15 of the piston 5 exceeds the area of the annular surface of the intake valve 13 from the side of the discharge chamber and exceeds the area of the end surface and the stationary piston 20 by 10-15%.

The device operates as follows. It is installed in a cleaned pipeline 24, a hose from a source of compressed air is connected to the fitting 25. Air from the high pressure source through the nozzle 25 and the channel 22 enters the cavity 21. Water is supplied to the pipeline. Under pressure, water jets in the annular gap between the cuffs 2 and 3 and the wall of the pipe 24 are accelerated to 60 ... 70 m / s and wash off the destroyed deposits. When encountering hard and viscous deposits, such as thick clay, sand mixed with fuel oil, etc., the cutting elements 10 abut against deposits and the device stops for a while. The air entering the cavity 21 pushes the piston 5 forward, while the valve pair of the first stage 15 of the piston 5 and the hole 12 of the inlet valve 13 are closed. Then, compressed air through the channel 23 enters the chamber 6 under pressure up to 40 MPa. When equalizing the air pressure in the chamber 6 and in the cavity 21, the piston 5 is shifted towards the cavity 26 due to the pressure difference to the first stage 15 of the piston 5 and the annular surface of the intake valve 13. At this moment, an annular gap 18 opens, through which air enters the second stage 17 of the piston 5. In this case, the area of influence and the pressure force of the air flowing out of the discharge chamber 6 increase sharply and, consequently, the speed of movement of the piston 5 in the direction of the cavity 26 increases, compressing the air in it, playing at this moment the role of a damper. The stepped piston 5 completely selects the free travel of the telescopic rod 14 and, entraining the rod 14, opens the hole 12. In this case, air under pressure from the discharge chamber 6 rushes into the shock chamber 4 and through the radial holes 11, creating a pneumatic explosion, destroys the viscous deposits 27, which are mixed with water and carried out from the working area by water jets from the annular gap of the cuff 2. A sharp increase in air pressure in the shock chamber 7 also creates an impact force on the anvil 8 with the working body 9 placed on it, which arrays on deposits and destroys them. After air exhaust from the shock and discharge chambers 6 and 7, the pressure in them drops and the entire cycle is repeated with a frequency of 1 to 5 s, depending on the inlet air pressure, fluctuating in the range from 5 to 40 MPa.

Thus, the proposed device is guaranteed to provide high quality cleaning of pipelines from viscous, dense and solid deposits, works effectively in any conditions, which cannot be achieved by known methods and devices.

Claims (1)

A device for cleaning the inner surface of pipelines, comprising a hollow cylindrical body with cuffs installed on it and a working body rigidly fixed to an anvil spring-loaded relative to the body, located in front of the shock chamber with radial holes in the body and an end tail hole with an inlet valve, characterized in that it is equipped with a discharge chamber and a working chamber connected in series via a step piston, while the discharge chamber is in communication with the shock chamber through the tail hole, and the inlet valve is placed in the discharge chamber and connected using a telescopic rod with a step piston from the side of the first stage, the latter is located in the working chamber and is made from the side of the second stage with an internal cylinder interacting with the stationary piston to form a cavity connected a channel in a housing with a source of compressed air and a channel in a step piston with an injection chamber, the area of the first step of the step piston exceeding the end face area erhnosti exceeds the fixed piston and the annular surface area of the intake valve from the pump chamber.