EP0320944A1 - Convertisseur pour une lampe à décharge - Google Patents

Convertisseur pour une lampe à décharge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0320944A1
EP0320944A1 EP88121019A EP88121019A EP0320944A1 EP 0320944 A1 EP0320944 A1 EP 0320944A1 EP 88121019 A EP88121019 A EP 88121019A EP 88121019 A EP88121019 A EP 88121019A EP 0320944 A1 EP0320944 A1 EP 0320944A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
discharge lamp
converter
ballast
operating frequency
series resonant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88121019A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0320944B1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Moosbauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pintsch Bamag AG
Pintsch GmbH
Original Assignee
Pintsch Bamag AG
Pintsch Bamag Antriebs und Verkehrstechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pintsch Bamag AG, Pintsch Bamag Antriebs und Verkehrstechnik GmbH filed Critical Pintsch Bamag AG
Priority to AT88121019T priority Critical patent/ATE79503T1/de
Publication of EP0320944A1 publication Critical patent/EP0320944A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0320944B1 publication Critical patent/EP0320944B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
    • H05B41/298—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2981—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2983—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal power supply conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ballast of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the operating frequency of the converter is controlled to such a high value during the preheating period of the heated electrodes of the discharge lamp that the voltage on the discharge lamp is not sufficient to ignite even at high ambient temperatures.
  • the saturation transformer has an additional secondary winding that is short-circuited during the preheating period. If, after the preheating time has elapsed, this short circuit is removed and the operating frequency of the converter returns to its normal value, a sufficient voltage occurs at the series resonant circuit for the reliable ignition of the discharge lamp. After the discharge lamp has been ignited, it acts as a damping resistor for the series resonant circuit, so that the operating voltage then present at the discharge lamp is very much lower than the ignition voltage.
  • ballasts operating with a series resonant circuit for generating the required ignition voltage have the advantage over other ballasts that work with a capacitive ignition aid arranged in the vicinity of the discharge lamp that the lamp blackening increased by the capacitive ignition aid is reduced.
  • Ballasts of this type are used in conjunction with systems in which the capacitive loads in the load circuit lead, for example, to the discharge lamps the output lines are different, it is difficult to provide a sufficient ignition voltage for the discharge lamps, since the resonant frequency of the series resonant circuit shifts due to the different capacitive loads. If the supply voltage for the converter also fluctuates in conventional ballasts, its operating frequency changes, which not only adversely affects the ignition reliability of the discharge lamp, but also leads to fluctuations in light intensity when the discharge lamp is burning. In order to avoid these disadvantages, known ballasts provide complex electronic stabilization circuits in order to supply the converter with a stabilized supply voltage. This is particularly the case in vehicles such as railroad cars.
  • the object of the invention is to develop a ballast of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 so that the respective discharge lamp is provided with a sufficient ignition voltage even if the capacitive loads in the load circuit of the converter are different and the supply voltage fluctuates greatly.
  • the operating frequency of the DC-AC converter is changed so that the resonance frequency of the series resonance circuit is achieved either by the fundamental wave of the operating frequency or one of its harmonics even when the resonance frequency is detuned due to different capacitive loads on the series resonance circuit. If the respective resonance frequency is reached, the Ent receives charge lamp has a sufficiently high ignition voltage, which ignites it safely. Immediately after the discharge lamp has been ignited, the wobbler is switched off, so that the operating frequency of the converter then remains essentially the same.
  • the operating frequency of the converter can preferably also be changed when the discharge lamp is on in order to stabilize the operating voltage for the discharge lamp, i.e. the output voltage of the converter, and thus the lamp current, if, for example, the supply voltage of the DC voltage source of the DC-AC converter fluctuates, as is often the case with vehicle electrical systems.
  • the ballast shown in FIG. 1 comprises a variable frequency DC-AC converter 1 fed by a DC voltage source, not shown here, which, as indicated, emits a square wave signal to a series resonant circuit 3 comprising an inductor 3a and a capacitor 3b.
  • the condensate Sator 3b, the electrodes of a discharge lamp 4 are connected in parallel, which can comprise a capacitive ignition aid 4a in a known manner, but which does not receive a potential that differs from earth potential.
  • the electrodes of the discharge lamp 4 are designed as heatable electrodes and receive heating current from the converter 1 via separate lines.
  • a wobbler 2 is connected to the converter 1, the output signal of which controls the operating frequency of the converter 1.
  • the wobbler 2 works relatively slowly, for example at a frequency of 2 Hz.
  • a current transformer 5 is provided, the output signal of which is given via a rectifier diode to a capacitor 8, the output voltage as a control signal for switching off the wobbler 2 and can be used to control the operating frequency of the converter 1 in order to stabilize the output voltage of the converter 1 and thus the lamp current for the discharge lamp 4 above the operating frequency when the supply voltage of the DC voltage source feeding the converter 1 fluctuates.
  • a timer circuit 6 is provided which is started when the converter 1 is switched on.
  • This timing circuit 6 keeps the operating frequency of the converter 1, preferably when the wobbler 2 is still switched off, or independently of it, at a value at which the series resonant circuit 3 can resonate neither by the fundamental wave nor by one of its harmonics in order to ignite the To safely prevent discharge lamp 4 even at high ambient temperatures.
  • the time circuit monitors a sufficient preheating time for the heatable electrodes of the discharge lamp 4, in order to cause the discharge lamp 4 to ignite only when its electrodes are sufficiently preheated. Early attempts at ignition of the discharge lamp 4 would promote undesired lamp blackening.
  • the time circuit 6 releases the changeable operating frequency of the converter 1 or switches the wobbler 2 on, so that it periodically traverses a certain frequency range of the operating frequency, which is selected such that the resonance frequency of the series resonant circuit 3 is reached even then is when this is significantly detuned due to capacitive loads on the series resonant circuit 3.
  • This resonance frequency can be achieved by the fundamental wave of the output signal of the converter 1 or one of its harmonics.
  • FIG. 2 and 3 show second and third exemplary embodiments of the ballast, the second exemplary embodiment having a PTC thermistor 9a instead of the timing circuit 6 shown in FIG. 1, which has a strongly positive temperature coefficient. If the ballast is switched on, sufficient ignition voltage cannot occur at the series resonant circuit 3 during the preheating period for the electrodes of the discharge lamp 4, since this is short-circuited or strongly damped by the resistor 9a, which is highly conductive at room temperature.
  • the resistor 9a heats up, causing it to reach a high resistance value due to its strongly positive temperature coefficient, which then no longer plays a role as damping resistor for the series resonant circuit 3, so that it is sufficient for the discharge lamp 4 when the resonance frequency is reached Ignition voltage can provide.
  • a thermistor 9b is connected in series in the series resonance circuit 3 of the inductor 3a, which thermally dampens the series resonance circuit 3 at room temperature by a high resistance value so strongly that a sufficient ignition voltage cannot be supplied to the discharge lamp even when the resonance frequency is present.
  • the thermistor 9b heats up to such an extent that its resistance becomes negligibly small, so that the series resonance circuit 3 can give the discharge lamp 4 a sufficient ignition voltage when the resonance frequency is reached.
  • the wobbler 2 can also be designed such that when the converter 1 is switched on, the low-frequency wobble voltage has such a magnitude that the its controlled operating frequency of the converter 1 has a value which is sufficiently far from the resonant frequency of the series resonant circuit 3. If the wobble frequency of the wobbler 2 is sufficiently low, a sufficient preheating time for the heatable electrodes of the discharge lamp 4 can be ensured solely on the basis of this, in that the operating frequency of the converter 1 only reaches the resonance range of the series resonant circuit 3 after the preheating time has elapsed.
  • the resonance frequency is preferably tuned to the third harmonic of the fundamental wave of the output voltage of the converter 1, as a result of which the efficiency of the ballast is improved.
  • the operating frequency of the converter 1 or its third harmonic swept with the aid of the wobbler 2 passes through the respective resonance frequency of the series resonance circuit 3, then this gives a sufficiently large ignition voltage to the electrodes of the discharge lamp 4 due to the resonance, as a result of which the latter ignites reliably.
  • the lamp current flows through it and the current transformer 5, as a result of which the current transformer 5 comes into play this proportional output signal via the rectifier diode 7 and the capacitor 8 to the wobbler 2 to turn it off.
  • the operating frequency of the converter 1 remains essentially unchanged.
  • the output signal of the current transformer 5 which is proportional to the lamp current, also reaches the control input for the operating frequency of the transformer 1 in order to change the operating frequency within a specific range for increasing or decreasing the output voltage of the transformer 1.
  • the lamp current can be stabilized so that the discharge lamp 4 has a constant illuminance. This is particularly advantageous if, for example in vehicle electrical systems, the supply voltage of the DC voltage source supplying converter 1 fluctuates.
  • the series resonant circuit 3 is designed in such a way that, even when it is detuned by capacitive loads in the load circuit, it still delivers a sufficient ignition voltage of approximately 1 KV.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
EP88121019A 1987-12-17 1988-12-15 Convertisseur pour une lampe à décharge Expired - Lifetime EP0320944B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88121019T ATE79503T1 (de) 1987-12-17 1988-12-15 Vorschaltgeraet fuer eine entladungslampe.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3742921 1987-12-17
DE19873742921 DE3742921A1 (de) 1987-12-17 1987-12-17 Vorschaltgeraet fuer eine entladungslampe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0320944A1 true EP0320944A1 (fr) 1989-06-21
EP0320944B1 EP0320944B1 (fr) 1992-08-12

Family

ID=6342896

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88121019A Expired - Lifetime EP0320944B1 (fr) 1987-12-17 1988-12-15 Convertisseur pour une lampe à décharge

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0320944B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE79503T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3742921A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2008840A4 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0622978A1 (fr) * 1993-04-26 1994-11-02 Nijssen Light Division B.V. Dispositif de régulation de l'intensité lumineuse émise par une lampe à décharge dans un gaz

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009048562B4 (de) * 2009-10-07 2012-08-30 Heraeus Noblelight Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer elektrodenlosen Entladungslampe mit einem Wobbelgenerator

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3140175A1 (de) * 1981-10-08 1983-04-28 Licentia Gmbh Transistorvorschalt-geraet
EP0081884A2 (fr) * 1981-12-14 1983-06-22 Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH Dispositif de circuit pour le fonctionnement de lampes de décharge à gaz et à haute pression
WO1985001400A1 (fr) * 1983-09-19 1985-03-28 Minitronics Pty. Limited Reduction a un minimum de la teneur en harmoniques pour des inverseurs a semi-conducteurs fonctionnant sur le secteur et attaquant des tubes a decharge gazeuse
EP0178852A1 (fr) * 1984-10-16 1986-04-23 ADVANCE TRANSFORMER CO. (a Division of Philips Electronics North America Corporation) Circuit ballast électronique prévu pour lampes fluorescentes
EP0239420A1 (fr) * 1986-03-28 1987-09-30 Thomas Industries Inc. Ballast à haute fréquence pour tubes à décharge en atmosphère gazeuse
EP0240312A2 (fr) * 1986-03-31 1987-10-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Appareil d'alimentation stabilisée de puissance fournissant simultanément du courant continu et du courant alternatif dans un transformateur
US4700113A (en) * 1981-12-28 1987-10-13 North American Philips Corporation Variable high frequency ballast circuit
EP0185179B1 (fr) * 1984-11-16 1989-03-22 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Circuit d'allumage pour une lampe à décharge à basse pression

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1326392A (en) * 1970-11-14 1973-08-08 Dobson Park Ind Fluorescent lamp and other circuits
CH663508A5 (de) * 1983-09-06 1987-12-15 Knobel Elektro App Elektronisches vorschaltgeraet fuer fluoreszenzlampen sowie verfahren zu dessen betrieb.

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3140175A1 (de) * 1981-10-08 1983-04-28 Licentia Gmbh Transistorvorschalt-geraet
EP0081884A2 (fr) * 1981-12-14 1983-06-22 Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH Dispositif de circuit pour le fonctionnement de lampes de décharge à gaz et à haute pression
US4700113A (en) * 1981-12-28 1987-10-13 North American Philips Corporation Variable high frequency ballast circuit
WO1985001400A1 (fr) * 1983-09-19 1985-03-28 Minitronics Pty. Limited Reduction a un minimum de la teneur en harmoniques pour des inverseurs a semi-conducteurs fonctionnant sur le secteur et attaquant des tubes a decharge gazeuse
EP0178852A1 (fr) * 1984-10-16 1986-04-23 ADVANCE TRANSFORMER CO. (a Division of Philips Electronics North America Corporation) Circuit ballast électronique prévu pour lampes fluorescentes
EP0185179B1 (fr) * 1984-11-16 1989-03-22 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Circuit d'allumage pour une lampe à décharge à basse pression
EP0239420A1 (fr) * 1986-03-28 1987-09-30 Thomas Industries Inc. Ballast à haute fréquence pour tubes à décharge en atmosphère gazeuse
EP0240312A2 (fr) * 1986-03-31 1987-10-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Appareil d'alimentation stabilisée de puissance fournissant simultanément du courant continu et du courant alternatif dans un transformateur

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0622978A1 (fr) * 1993-04-26 1994-11-02 Nijssen Light Division B.V. Dispositif de régulation de l'intensité lumineuse émise par une lampe à décharge dans un gaz

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3742921A1 (de) 1989-06-29
EP0320944B1 (fr) 1992-08-12
ATE79503T1 (de) 1992-08-15
ES2008840A4 (es) 1989-08-16
DE3873708D1 (de) 1992-09-17

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