EP0320754B1 - Vorrichtung mit einer Photozelle zum Wiederaufziehen der Zugfeder - Google Patents

Vorrichtung mit einer Photozelle zum Wiederaufziehen der Zugfeder Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0320754B1
EP0320754B1 EP88120330A EP88120330A EP0320754B1 EP 0320754 B1 EP0320754 B1 EP 0320754B1 EP 88120330 A EP88120330 A EP 88120330A EP 88120330 A EP88120330 A EP 88120330A EP 0320754 B1 EP0320754 B1 EP 0320754B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
capacitor
motor
pulse
signal
cell
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EP88120330A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0320754A1 (de
Inventor
Taghezout Daho
Tu Xuan Mai
Kalubi Muana
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Asulab AG
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Asulab AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B1/00—Driving mechanisms
    • G04B1/10—Driving mechanisms with mainspring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C10/00—Arrangements of electric power supplies in time pieces
    • G04C10/02—Arrangements of electric power supplies in time pieces the power supply being a radioactive or photovoltaic source

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for winding a barrel spring, for example of a timepiece, by means of ambient light energy falling on a photoelectric cell.
  • Such devices are well known.
  • they comprise a photoelectric cell receiving ambient light, and an electric motor with continuous rotation, the motor being connected to the cell and coupled to the spring, optionally by means of a gear train.
  • the intensity of the ambient light must exceed a certain threshold which depends on the resistive torque opposed by the barrel. Below this threshold, the light energy falling on the cell is lost.
  • the device also comprises a capacitor, connected to the terminals of the cell, and switching means to relay for connecting the motor to the terminals of the capacitor when the voltage of the latter exceeds a reference voltage corresponding to the voltage required to rotate the motor.
  • the cell behaving essentially like a current generator whose intensity depends on the light energy received, it allows, even in low light, to gradually charge the capacitor when it is not connected to the motor.
  • the motor is connected by the switching means to the capacitor which then supplies it for a certain period of time with sufficient energy for it to be able to wind the spring. After this time interval, the voltage of the capacitor having become too low to maintain the rotation of the motor, the latter is disconnected. A another cycle of charging the capacitor by the cell and discharging by the motor can then begin.
  • the ratio between the charging and discharging times of the capacitor naturally depends on the intensity of the ambient light illuminating the cell. At low intensity it can be very large, the motor running in this case intermittently. At high intensity it can become zero, the engine then running permanently.
  • the winding device if it constitutes an improvement over the devices where the motor is directly connected to the cell, however still has certain faults. Indeed, on the one hand, the time interval during which the motor is connected to the capacitor is determined in a not very precise way by the mechanical constants of the relay, this relay constituting the switching means. The ill-defined value of this interval means that it cannot correspond to the optimum time interval which would allow the device to ensure the best efficiency of conversion of light energy into mechanical energy. Furthermore, since the voltage across the capacitor, and therefore the motor, remains very constant, this device can only be combined with a collector motor. However, this type of engine does not lend itself well to the advanced miniaturization that certain applications require, such as the reassembly of a watch barrel for example.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a winding device which does not have these drawbacks.
  • An advantage of the device according to the invention is that the motor receives pulses whose duration and amplitude are precisely defined, making it possible to guarantee the best operating conditions of this device.
  • stepper motors are the only ones that can be used where the space available is limited to the extreme, as is the case, in particular, in watches.
  • FIG. 1 An exemplary embodiment of the winding device according to the invention will be described in the context of a particularly advantageous application represented in FIG. 1.
  • the winding device, referenced 1 in this figure is associated with a conventional mechanical watch movement, referenced 2, the assembly forming an automatic analog watch in which the winding energy, instead of being produced by the movements of the arm of the watch wearer, is provided by ambient light.
  • the watch will therefore be wound, whether worn or not, as long as it receives light energy.
  • this device is capable of having many other applications, for example that of ensuring the mechanical functions in a camera.
  • the winding device 1 uses, to transform the energy of natural or artificial ambient light into electrical energy, a photoelectric cell 3, this cell being arranged on the watch so as to receive this light.
  • the cell may include several elementary cells, for example silicon, connected in series and / or in parallel to typically supply a current of 150 microampere at 3 volts when the illumination is medium, ie approximately 1000 lux. This current is likely to vary in large proportions, between 10 microamps and 15 milliamps, depending on whether the watch is in darkness or in direct sunlight, the illumination then passing from 50 lux to 100,000 lux respectively.
  • a capacitor 4 of about 1.5 microfarad is connected to the terminals of cell 3 in order to store the energy produced by this cell.
  • the common terminals of the cell and of the capacitor are then connected to the two input terminals of a control circuit 5 which supplies, at its output, driving pulses to a non-polarized stepping motor 6 of known type.
  • the motor is connected to a gear train 7 used to adapt the characteristics of the motor to those of the load which it must drive.
  • the control circuit 5 is supplied with energy by the capacitor 4.
  • the voltage of the capacitor even in low light, does not drop below approximately 2 V. This voltage is thus sufficient to supply the circuit, the operating voltage of which The minimum is typically 1 V. In the dark, the circuit does not, of course, need to be powered since the motor cannot operate.
  • the current consumption of the circuit being, moreover, very low, it can advantageously be supplied by an additional cell of reduced surface.
  • the circuit 5 behaves like a switch, connecting the terminals of the capacitor 4 to the terminals of the motor 6 during a predetermined time interval .
  • the capacitor then supplies a well-defined driving impulse to the motor to advance it by one step. After the pulse, the circuit disconnects the capacitor motor.
  • This driving pulse partially discharges the capacitor, which has the effect of lowering its voltage below the reference voltage and returning the circuit to its initial state.
  • the current supplied by cell 3 will again charge the capacitor and increase its voltage. Once the reference voltage is reached, the motor will receive another driving pulse from the capacitor, identical to the previous one.
  • the duration of the driving pulse for a watch motor is typically 2.4 milliseconds and, under normal lighting conditions, such a motor performs between 50 and 100 steps per second.
  • circuit 5 also includes means preventing the time interval separating two successive driving pulses from falling below a predetermined minimum time interval corresponding to the time required for the motor to complete a full step.
  • the watch movement 2 which is associated with the winding device 1 comprises, for its part, a barrel spring 10, a gear train 11 driven by the spring, a balance-spring 12 set in oscillation by the gear train to stabilize the rotation of the different movement, and an analog time display 13 controlled by this cog.
  • the barrel spring 10 is finally coupled to the gear train 7 so as to be armed at each step made by the motor 6.
  • the movement and the winding device thus constitute a self-contained watch requiring only sufficient ambient light to operate, typically about 160 Lux.
  • FIG. 2 An embodiment of the electronic circuit 5 is shown in detail in FIG. 2.
  • This circuit has a common terminal 20, considered as a ground terminal, an input terminal 21 and an output terminal 22.
  • the photoelectric cell 3 and the capacitor 4 are connected between terminals 20 and 21 so that the voltage of terminal 21, measured relative to terminal 20 and designated by V c , is positive when the cell is lit.
  • terminal 21 is connected to the non-inverting input of a differential amplifier 23, while the inverting input of this amplifier is brought to a positive reference voltage V r , equal to that already mentioned and measured with respect to earth terminal 20.
  • the voltage V r of around 2 V, is supplied by a stabilized voltage source 24 which can be a battery or, preferably, a circuit of known type fulfilling this function .
  • the output of amplifier 23 provides a logic trigger signal S23 which is at the low level when V c -V r is negative and at the high level when V c -V r is positive, the transition from one level to the another is done when the two voltages are substantially equal.
  • the signal S23 is applied directly to the input E of a monostable flip-flop 25 by means of a conductor 26.
  • the output Q of this flip-flop supplies a signal Q25 formed of negative pulses of amplitude V c and of fixed duration t1, each pulse being triggered by the passage from the low logic level to the high logic level of the signal S23.
  • the signal Q 25 is finally applied to the gate of a MOS switching transistor, of the P type, referenced 27, the source of this transistor being connected to the terminal 21 and the drain to the terminal 22.
  • the transistor 27 is thus located at the blocked or non-conductive state between signal pulses Q 25, and in the saturated or conducting state during these pulses.
  • the signal S23 goes from the low logic level to the high logic level.
  • This signal transition triggers flip-flop 25 whose output Q , passing from the voltage V c to a practically zero voltage, causes the saturation of the transistor 27.
  • the terminals 21 and 22 are thus short-circuited during the time interval t1, allowing the capacitor 4 to supply the motor 6 with a driving impulse defined so that the engine operates with the best efficiency.
  • the driving pulse naturally discharges the capacitor 4, passing the voltage V c , at the end of the time interval t1, to about 1.6 V, value less than the voltage V r which is typically 2 V.
  • the transistor 27 is thus again in the off state and the signal S23 at the low logic level.
  • the charging time of the capacitor 4 depends on the intensity of the ambient light, a long time and the spaced motor pulses corresponding to a low intensity. If the intensity is strong, it is of course the opposite that occurs. However, in a stepping motor, the optimal duration of the driving pulse, equal to t1, is generally less than 2 to 3 times the time it takes for the rotor to complete a full step. This means that in order for the engine Since it can operate under normal conditions, the time interval separating two successive driving pulses must not fall below a certain limit value.
  • the circuit of FIG. 2 comprises an AND gate 28 with two inputs and a monostable flip-flop 29.
  • This flip-flop supplies on its output Q a control signal Q29 formed by positive pulses of amplitude V c and of duration t2, each pulse being triggered by the passage of its input E from low logic level to high logic level.
  • the output of the amplifier 23 is connected to an input of the AND gate 28 whose output is connected to the input E of the flip-flop 29.
  • the other input of the AND gate 28 receives from the flip-flop 29 a signal Q 29, complementary to signal Q29.
  • the time interval t2 is taken equal, or slightly greater, to the time it takes for the rotor of the motor 6 to take a full step, time which is typically 5 to 6 milliseconds.
  • the signal Q29 When the flip-flop 29 is in its stable state, the signal Q29 is at the low logic level, corresponding to a zero voltage, and the signal Q 29 at the high logic level, corresponding to the voltage V c .
  • the AND gate 28 is, under these conditions, open to signal S23. A transition from the low logic level to the high logic level of this signal has the effect of triggering the flip-flop 29.
  • the signal Q29 then passing to the high logic level, in turn triggers the flip-flop 25, which has the effect of producing a pulse motor of duration t1 at the terminals of the motor 6.
  • the signal Q 29 At the end of the time interval t1 the signal Q 29 is always at the low logic level, since the flip-flop 29 does not return to its stable state until the end of the time interval t2.
  • the AND gate 28 After the driving pulse, the AND gate 28 thus remains blocked at the signal S23 again during the time t2-t1, since these time intervals start at the same instant, allowing the rotor to complete the step started.
  • Another driving pulse can only be produced at the end of the time interval t2, the flip-flop 29 then having returned to its stable state. Whatever the intensity of the ambient light, the time interval separating two successive driving pulses cannot therefore be less than the time necessary for the rotor to complete a full step.
  • the circuit 5 can be supplied, as already mentioned, directly by the voltage V c of the capacitor 4. However, since this voltage typically varies between 2 V and 2.4 V, it may be desirable to connect a cell complementary photoelectric (not shown) so that its voltage is added to the voltage V c , and to supply the circuit with the resulting voltage. Power could also be obtained from independent cells supplying a stable voltage, or by a voltage multiplier circuit, known per se, connected to the terminals of the capacitor and supplying for example a voltage twice the voltage V c . Since the consumption of circuit 5 is very low compared to motor 6, these solutions do not cause a significant increase in the surface area of the cell or of the integrated circuit containing the control circuit 5.
  • FIG. 3 Another embodiment of the circuit entering the winding device according to the invention is shown in FIG. 3. It differs from the previous embodiment essentially by the fact that the driving pulses are supplied by two capacitors working alternately. While one of the capacitors provides a driving pulse, the other is charged by the cell and vice versa. This arrangement improves the efficiency of conversion of light energy into mechanical energy.
  • the reference 35 designates the control circuit, this circuit comprising a ground terminal 36, three input terminals referenced 37, 38a and 38b, and two output terminals referenced 40a and 40b.
  • To terminal 37 is connected a terminal of a photoelectric cell 41, analogous to cell 3 of FIG. 2.
  • To terminal 38a is connected a terminal of a capacitor 42a and to terminal 38b a terminal of a capacitor 42b.
  • These capacitors have a capacity of approximately 1.5 microfarad and have the same function as the capacitor 4 of FIG. 2.
  • the other terminals of the cell and of the two capacitors are connected to terminal 36, the cell being oriented so that , when it is lit, the voltage of terminal 37 is positive with respect to terminal 36.
  • Finally, between terminals 40a and 40b is connected a stepping motor 43 of the polarized type, well known in the prior art.
  • the driving pulses are supplied to the motor 43 by a driving circuit comprising two N-type MOS transistors, referenced 45a and 45b, and two P-type transistors, referenced 46a and 46.
  • the sources of the transistors 45a and 45b are connected to terminal 36, while the sources of transistors 46a and 46b are connected respectively to terminals 38a and 38b.
  • the drains of transistors 45a and 46a are connected to terminal 40a, while the drains of transistors 45b and 46b are connected to terminal 40b.
  • Terminal 37 is connected to the sources of two P-type MOS transistors, referenced 47a and 47b, the drain of transistor 47a being connected to terminal 38a and the drain of transistor 47b to terminal 38b.
  • Terminal 38a is also connected to the inverting input of a differential amplifier 48a having a high gain, while terminal 38b is connected to the inverting input of a differential amplifier 48b identical to the previous one.
  • the non-inverting inputs of these amplifiers are brought to a positive reference voltage V r , measured with respect to terminal 36, by means of a voltage source 49, similar to the source 24 of FIG. 2.
  • the outputs of amplifiers 48a and 48b are connected to the inputs of a NAND gate 50 with two inputs.
  • the output of the AND gate 50 is in turn connected to an input of an AND gate 51 with two inputs whose output is connected the input of a monostable rocker 52 having an output Q and a complementary output Q . This last output is finally connected to the other input of the AND gate 51.
  • the AND gate 51 and the flip-flop 52 are identical to and respectively fulfill the same function as, the AND gate 28 and the flip-flop 29 of FIG. 2.
  • the Q output of the monostable flip-flop 52 is connected to the input of a monostable flip-flop 53 having a Q output, and to the input of a bistable flip-flop 54 having a Q output and a complementary output Q .
  • the flip-flop 53 is identical and fulfills the same function as the monostable flip-flop 25 of FIG. 2, except that the output Q of the flip-flop 53 is complementary to the output Q of flip-flop 25.
  • the output Q of flip-flop 53, providing a signal Q53 is connected to an input of a NAND gate 55a with two inputs, and to an input of a NAND gate 55b, similar to the previous door.
  • the output Q of the flip-flop 54 is connected to the other input of the gate 55b and to an input of an AND gate 56a with two inputs, while the output Q of this flip-flop is connected to the other input of the NAND gate 55a and to an input of an AND gate 56b with two inputs.
  • the other inputs of AND gates 56a and ET 56b are connected respectively to the outputs of amplifiers 48a and 48b.
  • the output of the NAND gate 55a is connected to the gates of the transistors 45a and 46a, while the output of the NAND gate 55b is connected to the gates of the transistors 45b and 46b.
  • the outputs of the AND gates 56a and ET 56b are connected respectively to the gates of the transistors 47a and 47b.
  • circuit 35 has not been shown. It can be obtained, as in the case of circuit 5 in FIG. 2, for example directly from the voltage supplied by cell 41.
  • the operation of the circuit 35 in FIG. 3 is as follows. Suppose that cell 41 is suddenly lit by light of medium intensity while capacitors 42a and 42b are discharged. The circuit being in these conditions supplied by the cell, the flip-flop 54 goes into a certain state, for example that where the output Q is at the high logic level and the output Q at the low level.
  • the flip-flops 52 and 53 are, for their part, in the initial state, a state to which a low logic level corresponds to the outputs Q of these flip-flops.
  • the voltages of the capacitors 42a and 42b denoted respectively V ca and V cb , are moreover lower than the reference voltage V r .
  • the output of the amplifier 48a goes from high logic level to low logic level and the output of gate 50, providing a trigger signal S50, from low logic level to the level high logic.
  • the transition from the output of gate 50 triggers the monostable flip-flop 52, in the same manner as that had been explained for flip-flop 29, causing a control signal Q52 to appear on its output Q formed of a positive pulse of duration t2.
  • This last pulse produces the tilting of the flip-flop 54 and the triggering of the monostable flip-flop 53, this flip-flop then providing on its output Q a positive pulse of duration t1 whose positive flank coincides with the positive flank of the pulse of duration t2 .
  • the outputs of the gates 55b and 56b are thus at the high logic level, while the outputs of the gates 55a and 56a are at the low logic level. Under these conditions the transistors 45b, 46a and 47b are saturated while the transistors 45a, 46b and 47a are blocked. It follows that the motor 43 is connected by the transistors 45b and 46a to the capacitor 42a which supplies it with a first driving pulse whose duration is equal to the duration t1 of the pulse delivered by the rocker 53. If the rotor of the motor is in the right position it will take a step, otherwise it will not turn until the next driving pulse of reverse polarity.
  • the cell 41 When the first driving pulse is triggered, the cell 41 is connected through the transistor 47b to the terminals of the capacitor 42b to charge it in turn. After the driving pulse, supplied by the capacitor 42a, the voltage of this capacitor is lower than the voltage V r , while the capacitor 42b continues to be charged by the cell 41.
  • the charge of the capacitor 42b lasts the time necessary for the voltage V cb to reach the value V r .
  • V cb becomes equal to V r
  • the signal at the output of the amplifier 48b passing from the high logic level to the low logic level, triggers the flip-flops 52 and 53 and produces a change of state of the flip- flop 54.
  • the motor 43 is then connected, through the transistors 45a and 46b, to the terminals of the capacitor 42b to receive a second driving pulse, of reverse polarity to the previous one, while the capacitor 42a is connected through the transistor 47a to the terminals of the cell 41 to be recharged.
  • a new cycle will begin culminating, after a more or less long time depending on the intensity of the ambient light, to the production of a third motor pulse, identical to the first.
  • the driving pulse is triggered when the voltage of the capacitor reaches a reference value, and the duration of this pulse is determined by the relaxation time of a monostable rocker.
  • the duration of the motor pulse can be determined differently.
  • the voltage V c of the capacitor 4 is applied to the input E of a Schmitt flip-flop, referenced 60, the output Q of this flip-flop, supplying a signal Q60, being connected to the gate of the switching transistor 27.
  • the signal Q60 is formed of negative pulses of amplitude V c , each pulse starting at the moment when the voltage V c applied to the input E reaches , by increasing values, a first voltage threshold, then stopping when the voltage V c reaches, by decreasing values, a second threshold, lower than the first.
  • the transistor 27 is blocked and the voltage V c increases, the capacitor 4 being then charged by the cell 3.
  • V c a pulse appears at the output Q of the flip-flop 60 and saturates the transistor 27.
  • the capacitor 4 then supplies the motor 6 with a driving pulse by delivering a large current which lowers the voltage V c .
  • the pulse at the output of the flip-flop 60 is stopped and the transistor 27, passing in the blocked state, puts an end to the driving pulse.
  • the duration of the driving pulse is thus defined, in this case, by the discharge time, between the first and the second voltage threshold, of the capacitor 4 in the motor 6.
  • the driving pulse was triggered by the voltage of the capacitor, this voltage being a parameter representative of the charge of this capacitor.
  • this voltage being a parameter representative of the charge of this capacitor.
  • other parameters also depending on the charge of the capacitor, can also be used.
  • the driving pulse is triggered by the current, referenced I c , supplied by the cell 3 and charging the capacitor 4.
  • the no-load voltage of the cell does not exceed, for a given illumination, a certain limit, the current I c decreases as the charge of the capacitor increases.
  • the driving pulse is triggered, in this case, when the current I c reaches, by decreasing value, a predetermined reference current.
  • the duration of the pulse is then given by the relaxation time of a monostable rocker.
  • the circuit of FIG. 5 comprises for this purpose, arranged in series with the cell 3 and the capacitor 4, a resistor 64 which is traversed by the current I c .
  • the voltage across the resistor 64 being a measure of the current I c , it is applied to the input of an amplifier 65, this amplifier supplying a signal S65 also representative of the current I c .
  • the signal S65 is a voltage, which is applied to an input of a differential amplifier 66.
  • the other input of the amplifier 66 receives a reference voltage supplied by a voltage source 67, the output of the amplifier delivering, in response to these voltages, a logic signal S66.
  • the equality of the voltages on the inputs of the amplifier 66 defines a reference value I cr for the current I c , the signal S66 taking a low logic level when I c is greater than I cr , and a high logic level in the opposite case.
  • the signal S66 is applied to the input E of a monostable flip-flop 68 delivering on its output Q a signal Q68 formed by negative pulses of fixed duration, equal to the first time interval t1 defined previously. Each pulse is triggered by the passage from the low logic level to the high logic level of the signal S66.
  • the signal Q68 is finally applied to the gate of the transistor 27, this transistor connecting the motor 6 to the terminals of the capacitor 4 during the pulses of this signal so that the capacitor supplies the driving pulse.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
  • Control Of Stepping Motors (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Tension Adjustment In Filamentary Materials (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Aufzugsvorrichtung für die Feder eines Federkraftspeichers, umfassend:
- einen Kondensator (4),
- eine fotoelektrische Zelle (3), die Umgebungslicht empfangend angeordnet ist und der Ladung des Kondensators dient,
- einen an die Kondensatorklemmen angeschlossenen Steuerschaltkreis (5), und
- einen an den Schaltkreis angeschlossenen Motor (6), dessen Rotor mit der Feder für den Aufzug gekuppelt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Motor (6) ein Schrittmotor mit zwei Klemmen ist, und daß der Schaltkreis (5) umfaßt:
- Mittel (23, 24, 25, 28, 29; 60; 64, 65, 66, 67, 68) zum Liefern eines Anstoßsignals (Q25; Q60; Q68), das zwei Zustände annehmen kann, deren erster in Abhängigkeit von einem Ladungsparameter (Vc; Ic) des Kondensators (4) erzeugt wird und deren zweiter ein erstes Zeitintervall (t₁) nach Beginn des ersten Zustands erzeugt wird, und
- Mittel (27) zum Verbinden des Motors (6) mit den Klemmen des Kondensators (4) im Ansprechen auf den ersten Zustand und zum Lösen der Verbindung des Motors von dem Kondensator im Ansprechen auf den zweiten Zustand des Anstoßsignals.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ladungsparameter die Spannung (Vc) an den Klemmen des Kondensators (4) ist.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ladungsparameter der von der Zelle (3) an den Kondensator (4) gelieferte Strom (Ic) ist.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zum Liefern des Anstoßsignals Mittel (23, 24; 64, 65, 66, 67) umfassen zum Vergleichen des Ladungsparameters (Vc, Ic) mit einem Referenzwert und zum Erzeugen eines Auslösesignals (S23; S66), wenn der Ladungsparameter im wesentlichen gleich dem Referenzwert ist, sowie Mittel (25; 68) zum Erzeugen eines Logiksignals (Q25; Q68) im Ansprechen auf das Auslösesignal, wobei ein Pegel des Logiksignals dem ersten Zustand des Anstoßsignals entspricht und der andere Pegel dem anderen Zustand.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zum Liefern des Anstoßsignals umfassen:
- Mittel (23, 24; 64, 65, 66, 67) zum Vergleichen des Ladungsparameters (Vc; Ic) mit einem Referenzwert und zum Erzeugen eines Auslösesignals (S23; S66), wenn der Ladungsparameter im wesentlichen gleich dem Referenzwert ist,
- Mittel (28, 29) zum Erzeugen eines Impulses (Q29) im Ansprechen auf das Auslösesignal, welcher Impuls eine Dauer gleich einem zweiten Zeitintervall (t₂) besitzt, das mindestens gleich der von dem Rotor für einen vollständigen Schritt benötigten Zeit ist, um zu verhindern, daß der Motor vor seinem Stillstand an den Kondensator angeschlossen wird, und
- Mittel (25; 68) zum Erzeugen eines Logiksignals (Q25; Q68) im Ansprechen auf den Impuls, wobei der Pegel des Logiksignals zu Beginn des Impulses dem ersten Zustand des Anstoßsignals entspricht und der andere Pegel dem zweiten Zustand.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zum Erzeugen des Logiksignals (Q25; Q68) einen ersten monostabilen Kippkreis (25; 68) umfassen mit einer Relaxationszeit gleich dem ersten Zeitintervall (t₁), der an seinem Eingang das Auslösesignal (S23; S66) empfängt.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zum Verbinden des Motors (6) mit den Klemmen des Kondensators (4) von einem Schalttransistor (27) gebildet sind, angeordnet zwischen einer Klemme des Kondensators und einer Klemme des Motors, während die anderen Klemmen des Motors und des Kondensators verbunden sind, wobei an der Steuerelektrode des Transistors das Logiksignal (Q25; Q68) empfangen wird.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zum Erzeugen eines Impulses umfassen:
- ein UND-Gatter (28), dessen einer Eingang mit dem Ausgang der Mittel zum Vergleichen des Ladungsparameters mit einem Referenzwert verbunden ist, um das Auslösesignal (S23) zu empfangen, und
- eine zweite monostabile Kippstufe (29) mit einer Relaxationszeit gleich dem zweiten Zeitintervall (t₂), wobei der Eingang der zweiten Kippstufe mit dem Ausgang des UND-Gatters verbunden ist, der inverse Ausgang mit einem anderen Eingang des UND-Gatters, und der direkte Ausgang der zweiten Kippstufe den Impuls (Q29) liefert.
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zum Erzeugen des Anstoßsignals einen Schwellenschaltkreis (60) umfassen, bestimmt zum Liefern eines Logiksignals (Q60) im Ansprechen auf den Ladungsparameter, wobei ein Pegel dieses Signals, entsprechend dem ersten Zustand, erzeugt wird, wenn der Ladungsparameter einen ersten Referenzwert erreicht, und der andere Pegel, entsprechend dem zweiten Zustand, wenn der Parameter einen zweiten Referenzwert erreicht hat.
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schwellenschaltkreis ein Schmitt-Trigger (60) ist.
11. Aufzugsvorrichtung für die Feder eines Federkraftspeichers mit einer fotoelektrischen Zelle, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie umfaßt:
- zwei Kondensatoren (42a, 42b), wobei die fotoelektrische Zelle (41) Umgebungslicht empfangend angeordnet ist und bestimmt ist zum alternierenden Laden der Kondensatoren,
- einen Schrittmotor (43), von dem nur der Rotor mit der Feder zwecks deren Aufzug gekuppelt ist,
- Mittel (48a, 48b, 49, 50) zum Vergleichen eines Ladungsparameters (Vca, Vcb) jedes Kondensators mit einem Referenzwert und zum Erzeugen eines Auslösesignals (S50), wenn der Ladeparameter eines der Kondensatoren im wesentlichen gleich dem Referenzwert ist,
- Mittel (51, 52) zum Erzeugen eines Impulses (Q52) im Ansprechen auf das Auslösesignal, welcher Impuls eine Dauer gleich einem Zeitintervall (t₂) besitzt, das mindestens gleich der von dem Rotor für einen vollständigen Schritt benötigten Zeit ist, um zu verhindern, daß der Motor an einen der Kondensatoren vor seinem Stillstand angeschlossen wird,
- Mittel (53) zum Erzeugen eines Logiksignals (Q53) im Ansprechen auf den Impuls, welches Logiksignal zu Beginn des Impulses auf einen ersten Pegel gelangt und um ein anderes Zeitintervall (t₁) später auf einen zweiten Pegel,
- Verbindungsmittel (45a, 45b, 46a, 46b, 47a, 47b) zum Anschließen des Motors an einen der Kondensatoren und der Zelle an den anderen Kondensator, und
- Umschaltmittel (54, 55a, 55b, 56a, 56b) zum Steuern, in Abhängigkeit von dem Impuls, dem Logiksignal und den Werten der Ladungsparameter der Kondensatoren, der Verbindungsmittel derart, daß der Motor (6) während des anderen Zeitintervalls (t₁) mit demjenigen Kondensator verbunden wird, dessen Ladungsparameter im wesentlichen gleich dem Referenzwert ist und die Zelle (41) mit dem anderen Kondensator, bis der Ladungsparameter dieses anderen Kondensators den Referenzwert erreicht hat.
EP88120330A 1987-12-11 1988-12-06 Vorrichtung mit einer Photozelle zum Wiederaufziehen der Zugfeder Expired - Lifetime EP0320754B1 (de)

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JPH02239244A (ja) * 1989-03-14 1990-09-21 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd ハロゲン化銀カラー感光材料
JP2803991B2 (ja) * 1994-06-02 1998-09-24 株式会社多川商事 太陽電池装置及びこれを用いた間欠動作装置
WO2000067079A1 (fr) * 1999-04-28 2000-11-09 Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. Horloge electronique et procede de commande de cette horloge
US7626892B2 (en) * 2006-05-01 2009-12-01 Tai-Her Yang Timing device with power winder
DE102009003290A1 (de) * 2009-05-20 2010-11-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Antriebsvorrichtung sowie Antriebsvorrichtung und Belüftungseinrichtung oder Verschattung
FR2955676A1 (fr) * 2010-01-28 2011-07-29 Regantox Sa Montre mecanique a dispositif de remontage par micromoteur alimente par energie solaire a partir d'une cellule photovoltaique integree au boitier
DE102016211503B3 (de) * 2016-06-27 2017-11-02 Innovartis Gmbh Solaruhr mit einem mechanischen, einen Federantrieb aufweisenden Automatikuhrwerk
EP3299908B1 (de) 2016-09-27 2019-08-14 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Armbanduhr mit automatischem aufzug
EP4024140A1 (de) * 2020-12-29 2022-07-06 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Leistungsverwaltungsverfahren für eine solaruhr

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CH1308A (fr) * 1889-08-07 1889-11-09 Leon Mueller Tuyau de sûreté
CH13259A (fr) * 1896-09-17 1897-05-31 Lavals Angturbin Ab De Garniture étanche pour arbre ou tige flexible
GB890349A (en) * 1959-12-15 1962-02-28 Kenji Tokita Electric clock
DE1834479U (de) * 1961-01-13 1961-07-06 Frida Dirks Zeituhr.
DE2004076A1 (de) * 1970-01-30 1971-08-05 Kieninger & Obergfell Elektronische Uhr geringen Leistungsbedarfes
JPS62237384A (ja) * 1986-04-08 1987-10-17 Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd 充電機能付きアナログ電子時計

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JPH01197690A (ja) 1989-08-09
DE3863537D1 (de) 1991-08-08
KR890010637A (ko) 1989-08-09

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