EP0318848A2 - Huile lubrifiante contenant des polymères-bloc hydrogénés de polydioléfines - Google Patents

Huile lubrifiante contenant des polymères-bloc hydrogénés de polydioléfines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0318848A2
EP0318848A2 EP88119638A EP88119638A EP0318848A2 EP 0318848 A2 EP0318848 A2 EP 0318848A2 EP 88119638 A EP88119638 A EP 88119638A EP 88119638 A EP88119638 A EP 88119638A EP 0318848 A2 EP0318848 A2 EP 0318848A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
block
lubricating oil
hydrogenated
polybutadiene
block polymers
Prior art date
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Application number
EP88119638A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0318848B1 (fr
EP0318848A3 (en
Inventor
Hans Peter Dr. Rath
Hans-Michael Dr. Walter
Daniel Dr. Wagner
Helmut Dr. Mach
Klaus Dr. Bronstert
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M143/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
    • C10M143/12—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation containing conjugated diene
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    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
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    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
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Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of hydrogenated polydiolefin block polymers as viscosity index-improving additives for mineral lubricating oils.
  • the viscosity index (VI) of mineral oil-based lubricants is conventionally set by polymer additives. It is known that the viscosity index of mineral lubricating oils can be improved by adding ethylene / butene (1) copolymers.
  • DE-OS 23 58 764 describes hydrogenated polydiolefins as additives to mineral lubricating oils in which 30 to 95, preferably 40 to 65% of the double bonds have a 1,2-configuration before the hydrogenation.
  • these polymers are not yet satisfactory in terms of the viscosity index-improving effect and durability in the engine.
  • mineral lubricating oils which, as VI improvers, contain a hydrogenated block (co) polymer of the formal structure AB, the polymer block A - before the hydrogenation - a polybutadiene with a 1,2 content between 7 and 20%, the polymer block B - before the hydrogenation - a polybutadiene or a copolymer of butadiene and isoprene has a 1,2 content of more than 35%, or the polymer block B is a homopolymer of isoprene.
  • the polymers are advantageously prepared by anionic polymerization of the monomers in the presence of a catalyst system from organolithium compounds in inert solvents. It is known that in the polymerization of butadiene in the presence of Lewis bases, block copolymers are obtained if either Lewis bases are added in the course of the polymerization, or if the polymerization is carried out in several stages, the amount being added with each addition of monomers on Lewis bases is changed (US Pat. No. 3,140,278).
  • Suitable organolithium initiators are, for example, methyl lithium, ethyl lithium, n-, sec-butyllithium or isopropyllithium. N- or sec-butyllithium is preferably used.
  • straight-chain and branched aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-octane or n-hexane, and simple or substituted cycloaliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, toluene, and any mixture of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons are used as solvents for the polymerization .
  • Cyclohexane is preferred as the solvent.
  • Suitable Lewis bases are ethers, such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, or tertiary amines, such as tetramethylethylene diamine, pyridine, N-methylmorpholine or 1,2-dipiperidinoethane.
  • All feed materials must be freed from oxygen and proton-active impurities; this can e.g. by contact with metal organyls or by adsorptive cleaning e.g. on alumina.
  • the polymerization is carried out under inert gas conditions at temperatures from -20 to 140 ° C, preferably at 25 to 80 ° C at pressures at which the monomers and solvents do not evaporate at the polymerization temperature.
  • a sufficient amount of water, methanol or isopropanol is added to the polymerization mixture in order to deactivate the active end groups or excess initiator.
  • the active end groups of the polymers can also be functionalized by reaction with suitable reagents such as ethylene oxide, ethylene sulfide or Schiff bases.
  • the block polymers are generally prepared in such a way that in a first stage a partial amount of the diene hydrocarbon to form the A block is completely polymerized in the inert solvent, in the second polymerization step the second partial amount of diene hydrocarbon to form the B block is completely reacted . In both polymerization stages, just as much Lewis base is added to the reaction mixture as is required for the desired 1,2-incorporation of the diene, taking into account the polymerization temperature.
  • the polymers are then hydrogenated. This can be done either in a homogeneous phase using catalysts based on salts, especially carboxylates, alkoxides or enolates of cobalt, nickel or iron, which are combined with metal alkyls, especially aluminum alkyls, at temperatures from 40 to 130 ° C and hydrogen pressures from 1 to 100 bar respectively.
  • catalysts based on salts especially carboxylates, alkoxides or enolates of cobalt, nickel or iron, which are combined with metal alkyls, especially aluminum alkyls, at temperatures from 40 to 130 ° C and hydrogen pressures from 1 to 100 bar respectively.
  • the hydrogenation can also be carried out in a heterogeneous phase over suspended or fixedly arranged lumpy catalysts.
  • nickel or platinum metals are used as catalysts at hydrogen pressures of 20 to 300 bar and temperatures between 40 and 300 ° C (e.g. according to DE-AS 1 106 961 or DE-OS 1 595 345).
  • the polymerization mixture can be heated directly to dryness or treated with steam by known methods, the solvent being distilled off. It can also be precipitated with an excess of a precipitant such as ethanol, mechanically separated and dried or worked up by extruder degassing.
  • a precipitant such as ethanol
  • the number average molecular weight of the hydrogenated block polymer to be used according to the invention can be within a wide range, but the average molecular weight should advantageously be between 30,000 and 150,000.
  • the weight ratio of blocks A and B to one another can also vary very greatly, but a ratio between 0.25 and 4 is preferred.
  • the hydrogenated block polymers are dissolved in amounts of 0.5 to 6, preferably 1 to 5% by weight in the mineral oil at 80 to 130 ° C.
  • Suitable mineral lubricants are conventional hydrocarbons used for lubricating oils, which are obtained from naturally occurring, paraffinic or naphthenic petroleum by distillation and subsequent refining.
  • the mineral lubricating oil compositions can also contain other known additives, for example antioxidants, agents for lowering the pour point, dyes, detergents, etc.
  • the diene microstructure of the polymers is determined by Fourier analysis of the infrared spectra.
  • the AB block polymer has the following structure: Molecular weight A block: 44,000 g / mol Molecular weight AB block: 65,000 g / mol Microstructure A block: 8.2% (1,2-vinyl) Microstructure B block: 38% (1,2-vinyl)
  • the block polymer obtained is hydrogenated by adding a catalyst solution of 1.4 g of nickel (II) acetylacetonate in 80 g of toluene, mixed with 30 ml of a 20% by weight solution of aluminum triisobutyl in hexane at a hydrogen pressure of 15 bar and 80 ° C. Hydrogenation temperature.
  • the hydrogenated block polymer is precipitated by adding ethanol, isolated and dried at 60 ° C. in vacuo.
  • the polymers according to Examples 1 and 2 are dissolved in a mineral oil at 115 ° C.
  • the base oil has a viscosity of 41.00 mm2 / s at 37.8 ° C and a viscosity of 6.25 mm2 / s at 98.9 ° C.
  • Some lubricant-related data are listed in Table 1.
  • Table 1 Polymer conc. in the solution (% by weight) Viscosity at 98.9 ° C (mm2 / s) Viscosity at 37.8 ° C (mm2 / s) VI (according to DIN 51 564) example 1 1.5 15.74 83.95 201
  • Example 2 1 11.34 58.92 190
  • the polybutadiene obtained in this way has the following structure: Molecular weight: 38,000 g / mol Microstructure: 52% (1,2-vinyl)
  • Example 2 The hydrogenation and workup is carried out analogously to Example 1. It still contains about 0.8% olefinic double bonds.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP88119638A 1987-12-04 1988-11-25 Huile lubrifiante contenant des polymères-bloc hydrogénés de polydioléfines Expired - Lifetime EP0318848B1 (fr)

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DE19873741097 DE3741097A1 (de) 1987-12-04 1987-12-04 Schmieroel, enthaltend hydrierte polydiolefinblockpolymere
DE3741097 1987-12-04

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992016567A1 (fr) * 1991-03-13 1992-10-01 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Ameliorations apportees a des polymeres modificateurs de viscosite
WO1992016568A1 (fr) * 1991-03-15 1992-10-01 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Polymeres de polybutadiene utilises comme modificateurs ameliores de viscosite
WO1996028523A1 (fr) * 1995-03-14 1996-09-19 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Additifs et compositions de fuel-oil
EP0837921A1 (fr) * 1995-06-07 1998-04-29 Mobil Oil Corporation Dispersants capables egalement d'ameliorer l'indice de viscosite, choisis parmi des polymeres hydrogenes selectivement

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3378877B1 (fr) 2017-02-28 2019-06-19 Evonik Oil Additives GmbH Polybutadiènes hydrogénés utiles en tant qu'additifs de lubrification

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US3312621A (en) * 1964-09-28 1967-04-04 Exxon Research Engineering Co Lubricants having a high viscosity index
DE2358764A1 (de) * 1973-11-26 1975-06-05 Basf Ag Mineralschmieroeladditive
FR2346439A1 (fr) * 1976-04-02 1977-10-28 Exxon Research Engineering Co Copolymeres sequences en degrade hydrogenes de dienes conjugues et d'un compose vinyl aromatique convenant comme additifs pour huiles lubrifiantes
EP0024314A1 (fr) * 1979-08-20 1981-03-04 The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company Copolymères en blocs hydrogénés de butadiène contenant un bloc de microstructure 1,4 et un bloc de microstructure 1,2

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3312621A (en) * 1964-09-28 1967-04-04 Exxon Research Engineering Co Lubricants having a high viscosity index
DE2358764A1 (de) * 1973-11-26 1975-06-05 Basf Ag Mineralschmieroeladditive
FR2346439A1 (fr) * 1976-04-02 1977-10-28 Exxon Research Engineering Co Copolymeres sequences en degrade hydrogenes de dienes conjugues et d'un compose vinyl aromatique convenant comme additifs pour huiles lubrifiantes
EP0024314A1 (fr) * 1979-08-20 1981-03-04 The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company Copolymères en blocs hydrogénés de butadiène contenant un bloc de microstructure 1,4 et un bloc de microstructure 1,2

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5310490A (en) * 1991-03-13 1994-05-10 Exxon Chemical Products Inc. Viscosity modifer polymers
US5543469A (en) * 1991-03-13 1996-08-06 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Viscosity modifier polymers
WO1992016567A1 (fr) * 1991-03-13 1992-10-01 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Ameliorations apportees a des polymeres modificateurs de viscosite
CN1048506C (zh) * 1991-03-13 2000-01-19 埃克森化学专利公司 制备改进的粘度调节剂聚合物的方法
US5945485A (en) * 1991-03-15 1999-08-31 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc Viscosity modifier polybutadiene polymers
WO1992016568A1 (fr) * 1991-03-15 1992-10-01 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Polymeres de polybutadiene utilises comme modificateurs ameliores de viscosite
US5310814A (en) * 1991-03-15 1994-05-10 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Viscosity modifier polybutadiene polymers
AU657319B2 (en) * 1991-03-15 1995-03-09 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Improved viscosity modifier polybutadiene polymers
US5703171A (en) * 1991-03-15 1997-12-30 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc Viscosity modifier polybutadiene polymers
CN1050142C (zh) * 1991-03-15 2000-03-08 埃克森化学专利公司 制备改进的粘度调节剂聚丁二烯聚合物的方法
WO1996028523A1 (fr) * 1995-03-14 1996-09-19 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Additifs et compositions de fuel-oil
EP0837921A4 (fr) * 1995-06-07 1998-10-07 Mobil Oil Corp Dispersants capables egalement d'ameliorer l'indice de viscosite, choisis parmi des polymeres hydrogenes selectivement
EP0837921A1 (fr) * 1995-06-07 1998-04-29 Mobil Oil Corporation Dispersants capables egalement d'ameliorer l'indice de viscosite, choisis parmi des polymeres hydrogenes selectivement

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EP0318848B1 (fr) 1991-05-08
EP0318848A3 (en) 1989-08-16
DE3741097A1 (de) 1989-06-15

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