EP0318607A2 - Appareil pour la production automatique d'une matrice d'estampage à bord de coupe aigu - Google Patents

Appareil pour la production automatique d'une matrice d'estampage à bord de coupe aigu Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0318607A2
EP0318607A2 EP87117731A EP87117731A EP0318607A2 EP 0318607 A2 EP0318607 A2 EP 0318607A2 EP 87117731 A EP87117731 A EP 87117731A EP 87117731 A EP87117731 A EP 87117731A EP 0318607 A2 EP0318607 A2 EP 0318607A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
ridge
drive device
component
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87117731A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0318607A3 (fr
Inventor
Peter Dipl. Ing. Doslik
Werner Dr. Ing. Sommer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kocher and Beck oHG Gravieranstalt und Rotationsstanzenbau
Original Assignee
Kocher and Beck oHG Gravieranstalt und Rotationsstanzenbau
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to DE19863623036 priority Critical patent/DE3623036A1/de
Application filed by Kocher and Beck oHG Gravieranstalt und Rotationsstanzenbau filed Critical Kocher and Beck oHG Gravieranstalt und Rotationsstanzenbau
Priority to EP87117731A priority patent/EP0318607A3/fr
Publication of EP0318607A2 publication Critical patent/EP0318607A2/fr
Publication of EP0318607A3 publication Critical patent/EP0318607A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K5/00—Making tools or tool parts, e.g. pliers
    • B21K5/12—Making tools or tool parts, e.g. pliers other cutting tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
    • B21J7/20—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor
    • B21J7/22—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor for power hammers
    • B21J7/32—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor for power hammers operated by rotary drive, e.g. by electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
    • B21J7/20—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor
    • B21J7/46—Control devices specially adapted to forging hammers, not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device of the type defined in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the punching tools can e.g. consist of plates, cylinders or flexible sheets stretched on cylinders, from which the cutting edges protrude in the form of sharpened burrs.
  • the starting material consists of a label paper provided with an adhesive layer and a carrier tape lying against the adhesive layer to protect the adhesive layer.
  • the punching tool has the task of acting on the starting material in such a way that the label paper is completely cut through according to the desired contour of the labels, but the carrier tape remains practically uncut. If this requirement is not met, there will be problems with the automatic completion of the labels, if the grid resulting from the punching process, which frames the labels, is pulled off the carrier tape, or during the further processing of the labels in an automated production system, for example a packaging machine or an inserting machine.
  • the label paper is not cut cleanly everywhere during the punching process, the grid pulls the labels with it, which results in a malfunction and possibly a longer downtime of the entire production system. Similar disadvantages arise if not only the label paper but also the carrier tape is cut in whole or in part during the punching process, since in this case the labels cannot be removed correctly without pulling parts of the carrier tape. Since the label paper is often only 0.1 mm thick and the carrier tape only 0.05 mm thick, tolerances of a few hundredths of a millimeter down to less than a hundredth of a millimeter should be observed for the height of the cutting edges of the punching tool.
  • the processing method mainly consists in manually scraping the burrs with a sharp edge of an engraving stylus or the like from at least one side under the magnifying glass, which is not only a time-consuming, exhausting task and requires well-trained workers, but also easily leads to errors which can result in the rejection of an entire punching tool.
  • the side scraping also presupposes that the original punching body from which the punching tool is made is subject to tight tolerances, so that only high quality materials may be used for this purpose. This leads to All in all, too long delivery times for the delivery of the punching bodies and / or for the manufacture of the punching tools.
  • the invention is based on the object of proposing a device by means of which the manual finishing of a burr of a punching tool produced by etching or in another way can be carried out largely automatically.
  • the invention is also intended to make it possible for the height tolerances in the production of the burrs by etching or the like to be less critical than hitherto and for the thickness tolerances of the punched body to be partially compensated for.
  • the invention is based on the surprising finding that a burr which is unusable for punching thin paper webs or plastic foils can be provided with a very sharp cutting edge by a hammering process, which has a defined and constant height within narrow tolerances. Since the hammering process can be carried out automatically and at a high frequency, the production times for the punching tools are considerably shorter than before. It is also advantageous that the solidification of the material that takes place during the forming of the ridge tip into a cutting edge enables the use of lower quality materials instead of the high quality metals that were previously used for the punching body for reasons of long service life.
  • the height tolerances of the cutting edges depend primarily on the tolerances during the hammering process, which can be kept very small, so that lower requirements can be placed on the punching bodies, particularly with regard to their thickness tolerances, thereby shortening the delivery times for them.
  • the finishing of the burrs is no longer a strenuous, monotonous and only with large concentrations Tration executable activity is because the manual activity is essentially reduced to the control of the cutting edges produced.
  • FIG. 1 contains a rectangular frame 1 with a base plate 2, two side walls 3 and 4 and an upper cross member 5, the continuous side wall 3 and the likewise continuous cross member 5 being only partially shown in FIG. 1.
  • a hollow cylindrical drum 6 with a horizontal axis, which is supported at one end in a rotary bearing 7 fastened to the side wall 4 and is fastened at its other end to a likewise hollow cylindrical rotating ring 8.
  • the slewing ring 8 is rotatably mounted in a housing 10 fastened to the side wall 3 by means of rotating grates 9.
  • the slewing ring 8 is provided in the manner of a worm wheel with an external toothing 11, in which a worm 12 engages, which is rotatably mounted in the housing 10 by means of rotary gantries 13 and by means of a coupling 14 to a drive device, for example the coaxial output shaft of a reversible fastened to the housing 10 Y-motor 15 is connected.
  • a drive device for example the coaxial output shaft of a reversible fastened to the housing 10 Y-motor 15 is connected.
  • the jacket of the drum 6 is provided with schematically indicated bores 16, and the housing 10 has a bore 17 (FIG. 2) arranged in the extension of the cavity of the rotating ring 8, to which a gasket 18 (FIG. 1) provides a Side wall 3 through suction line 19 is connected.
  • This is connected to a vacuum pump, not shown, when it is switched on, air is sucked out of the inner cavity of the drum 6 in the direction of an arrow 20 and a vacuum is thereby created or air is sucked through the bores 16.
  • the negative pressure serves to press a punch body 21 placed on the jacket of the drum 6 in the form of a thin sheet, which is only partially shown in FIG.
  • the punch body 21 is provided on its surface with at least one raised protruding ridge 22, which was produced in a previous method step, for example by etching, and after the punch body 21 has been placed on the drum 6 is essentially perpendicular to its outer surface.
  • a transverse table 25 with end plates 26 and 27 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the cross member 5, on the horizontal underside of which a component is movably mounted, which consists, for example, of a horizontal slide 28 guided by roller bearings 29.
  • This is connected on both sides to a bellows 30, 31 connected to the associated end plate 26, 27, which covers the part of the cross table 25 that remains free.
  • a pivot bearing 32 is in the end plate 26, and a pivot bearing 33 is fastened in the end plate 27, in which a threaded spindle 34, which extends between the end plates 26, 27, is rotatably supported and projects through a spindle nut 35 provided with a corresponding internal thread and fastened in the horizontal slide 28 .
  • a free end of the threaded spindle 34 which projects through the side wall 27 is connected by means of a coupling 36 to a further drive device, for example the output shaft of a reversible X motor 37 fastened to the end plate 27.
  • a further drive device for example the output shaft of a reversible X motor 37 fastened to the end plate 27.
  • the threaded spindle 34 is rotated and the horizontal slide 28 is therefore moved in a second direction, for example in the direction of a double arrow X , which denotes the X direction of the imaginary coordinate system.
  • a limit switch 38 is attached, which cooperates with corresponding stops, not shown, on the cross table 25 in order to switch off the motor 37 when the horizontal slide 28 has the end position shown in solid line in FIG. 4 near the end plate 27 or in Fig. 4 dashed and with the reference numeral 28a end position near the end plate 26 reached.
  • a support plate 41 is fastened, for example with screws, according to FIGS.
  • a wedge plate 42 with e.g. Sliding seat mounted, which has, for example, a lower surface arranged obliquely to the flat underside of the support plate 41, which on a likewise wedge-shaped, bevelled surface in the same direction of another movable component, e.g. a vertical carriage 43 is formed.
  • the vertical slide 43 is suspended from the support plate 41 by means of screw bolts 44, one of which is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the bolts 44 protrude through elongated holes 45 (FIG. 7) formed in the wedge plate 42 so that it is slidably disposed between the support plate 41 and the vertical slide 43.
  • a spindle nut 46 is fastened, into which a threaded spindle 47 with a corresponding external thread is screwed, the free end of which extends through an end plate 48 fastened to the support plate 41 and is mounted in a rotary bearing 49 connected to it.
  • this end of the threaded spindle 47 is connected by means of a coupling 50 to a further drive device, for example the output shaft of a reversible Z-motor 51, which is also fastened to the end plate 48.
  • coil springs 52 which are supported between the vertical slide 43 and the heads of the screw bolts 44, are each mounted on the screw bolts 44 screwed into the support plate 41.
  • the vertical slide 43 becomes resilient against the wedge plate 42 and this resilient pressed against the support plate 41, so that a tight contact of the opposing surfaces is ensured.
  • a rotation of the motor 51 in the sense of a removal of the vertical slide 43 from the support plate 41 therefore results in a compression of the coil springs 52, whereas when the motor 51 rotates in the opposite direction, the vertical slide 43 moves back in the direction of the support plate 41 due to the force stored in the coil springs 52 becomes.
  • the vertical slide 43 serves as a support for a hammer mechanism 55 attached to its underside, which carries a back and forth movable hammer tool 56 arranged above the lateral surface of the drum 6 for machining the burrs 22 of the punching tool 21.
  • a further component for example a housing 57
  • a further component is rotatably mounted on the underside of the vertical slide 43, the central axis 58 of which preferably runs perpendicular to the lateral surface of the drum 6.
  • the top of the housing 57 is fixedly connected to a toothed belt pulley 59, which is connected via an endless toothed belt 60 to a further toothed belt pulley 61, which is driven by a further drive device and is fastened, for example, on the output shaft of a reversible ⁇ motor 62.
  • the motor 62 is fastened on the vertical slide 43, which has a bore 63 (FIGS.
  • the housing 55 is rotated by means of the toothed belt drive 59, 60, 61 in the direction of an arrow ⁇ , which denotes the ⁇ coordinate in the imaginary coordinate system, that is to say rotations about the Z axis or an axis parallel to it .
  • the axis of rotation is preferably the central axis 58 of the housing 57.
  • a drive device in the form of a further motor 64 is attached to the rear of the housing 57, the output shaft of which can be rotated in the direction of an arrow p (FIG. 10) and via a drive device is connected to the hammer tool 56, which is moved back and forth parallel to the central axis 58 of the housing 57 when the motor 64 is switched on.
  • the longitudinal axis of the hammer tool 56 preferably lies exactly in the central axis 58.
  • a bracket 65 is attached, which carries a height sensor 66, which has, for example, a mechanical sensor 67.
  • This height sensor 66 is used to measure the height of the burr 22 after it has been processed by the hammer tool 56 and to emit a corresponding electrical signal.
  • FIG. 11 consists, for example, of a crank mechanism which contains a drive shaft 72 which is rotatably mounted in the housing 57 with bearings 71 and which is connected to the output shaft of the motor 64 (not shown in FIG. 11) and to the latter Front end of a disk 73 is fixed coaxially.
  • This has an eccentric projecting pin 74 which is rotatably mounted in one end of a connecting rod 75.
  • the other end of the connecting rod 75 is pivotally supported by means of a bearing pin 76 between the two side cheeks of a U-shaped coupling member 77, the crossbar of which is attached to an end face of a reciprocable component, for example a rod 78.
  • the hammer tool 56 is pivotally attached to the free end of the rod 78 as shown in FIGS. 11 to 13 or is otherwise floating in any way transverse to its back and forth movement. It consists of a rectangular, plane-parallel disk, which has a U-shaped receptacle 80 at its upper end, which is formed by side walls with plane-parallel inner surfaces. Between these, a shoulder 81 is provided at the lower end of the rod 78 with plane-parallel outer surfaces. A pivot pin 82 extends through bores 83 (FIG.
  • the thickness of the lug 81 and the distance between the side walls of the receptacle 80 are dimensioned with narrow tolerances such that the hammer tool 56 pivots essentially only parallel to the plane-parallel outer surfaces of the lug 81, but not tilted to a significant extent parallel to the pivot axis or can be tilted.
  • the hammer tool 56 can be displaceably mounted on the rod 78 by means of a sliding or sliding guide, the direction of displacement being perpendicular to the pivot axis according to FIGS. 11 and 12 and perpendicular to the axis of the rod 78.
  • a middle and rear part of the hammer tool 56 is inserted into a U-shaped groove 84 of a slide 85, which in turn is slidably guided in a groove 86 of a housing 87, the direction of displacement (arrow q in FIG 11) perpendicular to the axis of the rod 78 and perpendicular to the pivot axis.
  • a pressure piece 88 bears against the front of the hammer tool 56, which is arranged in a further groove 89 of the housing 87 and is pressed firmly against the hammer tool 56 by means of a pressure spring 90.
  • the hammering tool 56 is pressed into the groove 84 or the slider 85 against the base of the groove 86, so that frictional forces arise which exert a braking effect on the hammering tool 56.
  • the described guiding and braking device has the consequence that the hammer tool 56 is always in a swivel once reached position remains without returning automatically to a neutral zero position after a deflection due to gravity or the like.
  • the slider 85 is provided with an extension protruding from the housing 87, the end face of which faces a distance sensor 91 which works, for example, optically, inductively or capacitively or is designed as a differential transformer.
  • a distance sensor 91 which works, for example, optically, inductively or capacitively or is designed as a differential transformer.
  • an extension protruding from the housing 87 can also be provided at the other end of the slider, the end face of which faces a second distance sensor, the two distance sensors being switched to difference and emitting electrical difference signals which indicate the distance d (FIG. 11) of the slide 85 are characteristic of one or the other distance sensor.
  • the pivoting movement of the hammering tool 56 is expediently limited on both sides by means not shown, in order to avoid excessive deflections.
  • the maximum double amplitude is indicated in FIG. 11 by the reference symbol a .
  • the hammer tool 56 shown only schematically in FIGS. 1 and 11 to 14 has, according to FIGS. 15 and 16, a roof-shaped notch 94 with a V-shaped cross section at its lower end.
  • the open side of this notch 94 after the hammer tool 56 is attached to the rod 78, faces the outer surface of the drum 6.
  • the notch 94 is formed by two roof surfaces converging in a roof shape, which adjoin one another along a ridge line 96. 15, the ridge line 96 is arranged straight in its central region and perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the hammering tool 56 which it passes.
  • the ridge line 96 is preferably rounded slightly upward at its ends in order to avoid sharp images of its ends in the ridges 22.
  • the special application of the hammering tool requires such a fine machining that the radius of curvature in the tip bordering the ridge line 96 extends down to about two hundredths of a millimeter.
  • the notch 94 can optionally be given any length between a very small length and a length corresponding to the thickness of the hammer tool 56.
  • the side surfaces 95 are preferably only largely flat in one wedge-shaped section 98 bordering on the straight part of the ridge line 96, but in the adjacent sections 99, on the other hand, are slightly rounded outward in order to avoid undesirable marks in the ridges .
  • At least the side surfaces 95 consist of a sufficiently hard material, for example a hardened steel, a sintered material or a wear-resistant hard metal.
  • the angle formed by the side surfaces 95 in the region of the ridge line 96 is, for example, approximately 60 to 90 °, but depends largely on the circumstances of the individual case and can therefore be determined experimentally.
  • the height of the notch 94 (dimension h in FIG. 16) can be approximately 0.24 millimeters, while the length of the notch 94 (dimension l in FIG. 16) is approximately 0.5 or less millimeters.
  • the side surfaces 95 can also be slightly rounded at their lower ends 100 (FIG. 15).
  • a one-piece hammering tool 56 is shown.
  • a multi-part, in particular two-part hammer tool can also be provided, which is divided, for example, along its central plane 101 (FIG. 15), so that the ridge line 96 is formed by two adjoining parts.
  • Other divisions are also conceivable, for example in planes that enclose one of the two side surfaces 95.
  • the individual parts of the hammer tool are glued, soldered, welded, clamped or connected in any other way.
  • motors 15, 37, 51 and 62 which control with sufficient accuracy are cash.
  • motors 15, 37, 51 and 62 which control with sufficient accuracy are cash.
  • Suitable for this purpose are, for example, so-called servomotors, which are provided with tachogenerators, incremental encoders for position detection and positioning (indicated in each case with the letters T and I in FIG. 1) and with the necessary control systems.
  • Examples of such motors are brushless permanent magnet motors from Indramat GmbH in D-8770 Lohr am Main or DC motors from the Sinumerik or Simatic series from Siemens AG in D-8000 Kunststoff. Motors of this type are particularly suitable as NC actuators with constant start / stop operation, and in most cases more than a thousand positioning operations can be carried out per minute.
  • the flexible punching body 21 consisting of a thin sheet metal is clamped with its bearing surface onto the cylindrical outer surface of the drum 6.
  • the punch body 21 is already provided with the ridge 22 (or more ridges).
  • the upper burr surface 104 (FIG. 13) of the burr is relatively wide and unsuitable as a cutting edge.
  • the ridge 22 can be produced by etching, eroding, milling or the like.
  • the surface of the punch body 21 is first scanned.
  • an optical or any other type of scanning device 105 (FIG. 1) is used, for example a camera with a CCD sensor (from Thomson CSF in D-8000 Kunststoff or from Fairchild, USA), which is attached to the vertical slide 43 by means of a holding arm 106 is attached.
  • the scanning doors 37, 15, 51 and 62 are guided over the entire punch body 21, with burr sections being continuously recognized and entered into the memory of a data processing system.
  • the data obtained are sorted and used to control the motors 15, 37, 51 and 62 in a second test run.
  • the scanning device 105 tracks the paths of the roughly determined ridges 22. With the help of The data determined by the scanning device 105 can be corrected by approximations or error calculations in such a way that they each define the center lines of the upper ridge surface 104 (FIG. 13). In a third and possibly in further test runs, these data can be further corrected until finally, quite accurate and already stored data on the position of the center line of the upper ridge surfaces 104 of the scanned ridge 22 are available.
  • the path data obtained in such a teach-in method are now used to guide the hammer tool 56 along the ridges 22 and to carry out the hammering process.
  • the motors 15, 37, 51 and 62 are first activated in such a way that the ridge 22 comes to lie at a preselected starting position within the notch 94 and between the side surfaces 95 thereof, which is shown in FIG. 13 by the dash-dotted position of the hammer Tool 56 is indicated, which is still at its top dead center at this time.
  • setpoints ⁇ are calculated, by means of which the ⁇ motor 62 is controlled in such a way that the notch 94 or the ridge line 96 of the hammering tool 56 in the approached starting position is largely parallel to the tangent of the actual one Path curve or to the center line of the upper ridge surface 104 is arranged.
  • the hammering process is now initiated in that the motor 64 is also switched on and the hammering tool 56 is thereby moved back and forth in the direction of the lateral surface of the drum 6, ie essentially perpendicular to the upper ridge surface 104.
  • the frequency of the back and forth movement can be up to a few hundred Hertz.
  • the upper ridge surface 104 is gradually converted by means of the notch 94 into a sharp cutting edge 107 (FIG. 13) which takes on the shape in the area of the cutting edge that the hammering tool 56 has in the area of the ridge line 96.
  • the motors 15, 32, 51 and 62 are controlled with the aid of the stored data in such a way that the ridge 22 is gradually moved under the notch 94. If the hammer tool 56 moves past an arc in the center line of the upper ridge surface 104, then it is ensured, in particular by appropriate control of the ⁇ motor 62, that the ridge line 96 always remains largely tangential to the respective arc.
  • the radii of the arcuate ridge sections can be smaller the shorter the notch 94, ie the smaller the dimension l (FIG. 16).
  • the stroke length of the hammer tool 56 is preferably chosen to be smaller than the height h (FIG. 16) corresponds to the notch 94. This ensures that the ridge 22 is always covered laterally by the side surfaces 95 during the hammering process and the hammering tool 56 is thereby guided laterally.
  • This measure has the advantage that a certain self-centering or self-centering of the hammering tool 56 or the notch 94 occurs in the event that the path data determined with the scanning device 105 is not sufficiently precise with the actual center line of the upper ridge surface 104 to match.
  • the hammer tool 56 Since the hammer tool 56 is suspended from the rod 78 in a floating manner, it can automatically align itself transversely to this center line. If the center line of the upper ridge surface 104, as indicated schematically in FIG. 13, deviates slightly from the center plane of the non-pivoted hammer tool 56, the notch 94 settles on the transition from the top to the bottom dead center of the hammer tool 56, shown in solid lines initially only with one of its side surfaces 95 on the ridge 22.
  • the ridge 22 by acting on these side surfaces 95, causes the hammering tool 56 to pivot slightly about the pivot pin 82, as a result of which the cutting edge 107 deviates from the stored path line by a small value ⁇ , but is better in one of the actual circumstances appropriate position comes to rest. For this reason, errors in the scanning of the burrs or in the calculation of the path data can also be subsequently corrected.
  • the distance d (FIG. 11) can be continuously monitored which is a measure of the current swivel angle of the hammer tool 56.
  • the determined values of d are expediently fed to the data processing system, by means of which the path data are then continuously corrected in such a way that the dimension ⁇ always remains within a tolerable range. This avoids that with larger deviations of the stored trajectory from the actual center line of the upper ridge surface 104 such large swivels of the hammer tool 56 that the value ⁇ becomes too large and the angle and the height of the sharp cutting edge 107 to be produced are too strong deviate from the desired values.
  • FIGS. 17 to 20 Details of the hammering process are shown in large magnification and schematically in FIGS. 17 to 20.
  • 17 shows a section of a punch body 21 in the form of a flexible sheet originally, for example, 0.44 to 0.46 mm thick, on the top of which the ridge 22 is formed, which was covered with a photo-resistive layer before the etching process, during the etching process remains and therefore has the comparatively wide upper ridge surface 104.
  • the portions of the punch body 21 adjacent to the ridge 22 have been removed by the etching process, so that the punch body 21 between the ridges 22 only consists of thin sheet metal strips 108, for example 0.12 mm thick.
  • the hammer tool 56 is arranged, in the lower edge of which the notch 94 is formed, the height h (FIG. 16) of which is approximately 0.2 to 0.25 mm, so that the hammer tool 56 does not rest on the can lay on the upper surface of the metal strip 108. 17, 18 and 19, the lower edge of the hammering tool 56 is shown with a dash-dotted line 109, which indicates the position which the lower edge would assume at the top dead center of the hammering tool 56.
  • the solid lines 109a to 109d in FIGS. 17 to 20 indicate the respective actual position of the lower edge of the hammer tool 56. Accordingly, the parts 95, 96 are additionally provided with the letters a to d in the different positions.
  • a line 110 defines the height h1 of the ridge 22 after the etching process, based on the flat lower edge of the punch body 21.
  • This height h1 viewed over the length of the entire ridge 22, is subject to inadmissible fluctuations of a few hundredths of a millimeter, which, for example, affects the usual Tolerances in the manufacture of sheet metal ren is.
  • Fig. 17 From Fig. 17 it can be seen that the hammer tool 56 has been lowered from its top dead center so far that the side surfaces 95a of its notch 94 just touch the corner points of the ridge 22, so that no deformation has yet occurred. It can also be seen that the top dead center (line 109) is chosen so high that when it reaches the ridge 22 is exposed and consequently the punch body 21 can be advanced, the two side surfaces 95 but still cover the ridge 32 on both sides, so that this also in the top dead center position of the hammer tool 56 not to the side, ie 17 to the right or left, can be moved completely out of the notch 94. Due to the floating mounting of the hammer tool 56 transversely to the center line of the upper ridge surface 104, self-centering can therefore always take place.
  • FIG. 19 shows the bottom dead center of the hammer tool 56 (line 109c).
  • the lower edge of the hammering tool 56 faces the upper surfaces of the metal strips 108 at a small distance, and the material contained in the original ridge 22 has flowed almost completely into the notch 94.
  • the original ridge 22 shown in dashed lines in FIG. 19 has been converted into a cutting edge 112 with an almost razor-sharp tip 113 (FIG. 20), the height h2 of which, measured from the lower edge of the punch body 21, is somewhat less than the height h1 of the original one Ridges is and for example approx. Is 0.43 mm.
  • the material layers 114 (FIG.
  • a particular advantage of the method according to the invention is that the height h2 of the finished cutting edge 112 over its entire length depends solely on the distance from the bottom dead center (FIG. 19) to the lateral surface of the drum 6 on which the punch body 21 rests during processing , and therefore is a constant of the device. It is only necessary to ensure that the initial height h1 of the burr 22, which arises during the etching or the like, is greater than the height h2 which corresponds to the desired height of the cutting edge 112 of the finished punching tool 21, ie neither during manufacture the punching body 21, particularly during the manufacture of the burr 22, particularly tight tolerances must be observed.
  • the bottom dead center is preferably produced by means of a drive device in which the drive force is transmitted to the hammering tool 56 in a form-fitting manner.
  • the return movement to the top dead center position can also take place by non-positive power transmission.
  • the arrangement can be made such that the cutting edge 112 is formed in a single hammering process or that two or more machining operations are carried out, for example by gradually lowering the bottom dead center of the hammering tool 56 in successive process steps.
  • the bottom dead center position can also be achieved by means of a non-positive device tion, such as a piezoelectric or electromagnetic device, are produced, in which case, as a rule, several hammering operations are required per burr section until the desired height of the burr is reached.
  • a non-positive device tion such as a piezoelectric or electromagnetic device
  • any other method for determining the path data of the center line of the upper ridge surface 104 can also be used. This is explained in more detail below in connection with FIGS. 22 to 24 and a regulating and control device according to the invention for the device according to FIG. 1, which serves to control the drive devices 15, 37, 51 and 62 in this way that the hammering tool 56 is automatically guided along the ridge 22 to be machined during the hammering process.
  • a designer first develops the contours of the burrs that the punching tool should have using a graphical screen and a data processing system connected to it, for example with the aid of a commercially available CAD system.
  • the course of these contours corresponds to the course of the center lines of the upper ridge surfaces 104 to be produced by etching.
  • the individual point th of the contours correspond to pairs of coordinate values WXkn and WYkn in the Cartesian coordinate system of the screen, in which W is a setpoint, X and Y are the respective X and Y coordinates, k is the serial number of a contour that may be shown multiple times on the screen and n is the current one Number of a single point of one of these contours.
  • the number n of points per contour can be chosen arbitrarily and depends above all on the contour shape available in the individual case.
  • This positive is then used as a mask to cover the surface of a die body coated with a photoresist, e.g. a sheet to expose.
  • a photoresist e.g. a sheet to expose.
  • the exposed areas of the photo-resistive material are then washed away, so that only a photo-resistive layer with a contour corresponding to the webs 126 remains on the die-cut body.
  • the punching body is now subjected to an etching process in which the exposed areas are etched away, so that, according to FIG. 17, a punching body, for example consisting of the thin sheet metal strip 108, remains, from which the ridges 22 with their substantially flat ridge surface 104 protrude.
  • etching techniques are generally known from semiconductor technology and are also widely used in the manufacture of stampings.
  • FIG. 23 shows a punch body 129 produced in the manner described, which is to be used for simultaneously punching out twenty labels 121 corresponding to FIG. 21 and therefore has twenty degrees of etching 130 which are intended to be sharpened with the device according to the invention.
  • the path data WXkn, WYkn stored in the memory of the data processing system, in particular obtained with the CAD system, can be used directly to control the device according to the invention, provided that it can be assumed that the etching burrs 130 correspond to the paths 126 with high accuracy. In practice, however, this requirement is rarely met.
  • setpoints W ⁇ kn can also be determined by means of the data processing system, which set the angular position of the hammer tool 56 corresponding to the tangents to the points defined by the values WXkn, WYkn.
  • the target value WZkn which is generally identical for all points, for the target height of the ridges can be manually entered into the memory of the data processing system, depending on the individual case.
  • a correction factor which is calculated from the distance from alignment marks 131 which are applied in the four corners of both the design and the etched punch body 129.
  • One of the four alignment marks 131 for example the one in the lower left corner of FIG. 23, is preferably the zero point of the Cartesian coordinate system.
  • a total of twenty such starting positions X10, Y10 to X200, Y200 are to be approached. If the hammering tool 56 remains in a swivel position achieved when machining the previously sharpened burr because of the guiding and braking device described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12, an error corresponding to the respective swiveling path results when the new starting position is approached.
  • the hammering tool 56 could be provided with a return device in the form of a spring, a magnet or the like, contrary to FIGS. 11 and 12, which automatically pulls the hammering tool into a defined 0 after lifting off a burr. Position moved back so that it can be set to the starting position of the next ridge in this 0 position with the stored data WX'kn and WY'kn. Since such reset devices do not always work properly, the heme Mer tool 56 provided with the guide and braking device described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12, which ensures that the hammer tool 56 remains in the currently existing pivot position when it is lifted off a ridge.
  • the error caused by this swivel position is taken into account when the next starting position is approached by a correspondingly corrected activation of the X and Y motors 37 and 15, respectively. Because even if the etching ridge could still enter the notch 94 at the next initial position and thereby cause the hammer tool 56 to re-center itself, there could be a gradually increasing inclination of the hammer tool 56 due to cumulative errors or the like, which when moving to any other starting position later, the notch 94 comes to lie outside the area of the associated stamping burr. It would then be impossible to process this burr.
  • a line 132 indicates the actual state of a curved section of any etching burr 130 in FIG. 23.
  • the hammer tool 56 is in a swivel position corresponding to a point 133 of this ridge, which has the actual coordinates Xkn and Ykn. Since the hammer tool 56 is always oriented so that its ridge line 96 is largely tangential to the stored center line 128, it is rotated by an angle ⁇ with respect to its normal position.
  • the hammer mechanism 55 or its axis 58 is under the control of the motors 15, 37 at a point 134 which lies on a broken line 135 which corresponds to the course of the stored path curve for this ridge.
  • the values X'kn or Y'kn would therefore have to be corrected by the values Ex, Ey, in order thereby to move the hammer mechanism 55 into a position with the coordinates X. ⁇ kn and Y ⁇ kn to transfer and thereby return the hammer tool 56, which is guided laterally by the respective ridge 130, to its non-pivoted position.
  • the ⁇ to the values of cos ⁇ and sin ⁇ required angle formation is thereby calculated from the data supplied by the ⁇ -motor 62 increment values. This ensures that the hammering tool 56 is practically non-pivoted when it is lifted off a ridge and can be safely set to the starting position of the next ridge by means of the stored values WX'ko and WY'ko.
  • FIG. 25 Such conversions can be avoided if the preferred control and regulating device according to FIG. 25 is used, in which the circuit arrangements required for controlling the device according to FIG. 1 are shown schematically and in which the reference symbols according to FIGS. 1 to 16 are used as far as possible .
  • it is provided to drive the vertical slide 43 as well as the horizontal slide 28 with a threaded spindle 136.
  • the entire hammer mechanism 55 which is movable as a whole in the Z direction, is surrounded by a dashed line.
  • the incremental encoders are shown individually and marked with the letters X ', Y', Z 'and ⁇ ' according to the actual values they give.
  • a dashed line 137 denotes the pivot axis for the hammer tool 56.
  • two distance sensors 91a, b are provided, which are connected as a differential transformer and consist, for example, of MHV type distance sensors from Schaevitz Engineering in Camden, New York (USA).
  • field plate differential probes FP 210 D 250 from Siemens AG in Kunststoff or dynamometers or the like may be provided which emit signals proportional to the respective deflection of the slider 85.
  • the control and regulating device according to FIG. 25, the components of which are normally partly integrated in the motors 15, 37, 51 and 62 and partly in the data processing system used, contains a control computer 140 with a data input 141, to which data from the memory of the data processing system are fed are, and four outputs X, Y, Z and ⁇ , at which the setpoints WX'kn, WY'kn, WZ'kn and W ⁇ 'kn are given.
  • WX'kn and WX'kn have the meaning given above, while WZ'kn indicates a possibly corrected target value for the Z direction, which is important for the height of the finished burr 22, and W ⁇ ′kn the ongoing from the WX'kn and WY'kn coordinates determined setpoint for the angle of rotation of the hammer tool 56 designated.
  • the X motor 37 outputs signals at its incremental output which are characteristic of the actual coordinates of the hammer mechanism 55 or the axis 58 in the X direction.
  • the incremental encoder is connected to an adder 142, which is connected via a controller 143 and an amplifier 144 to a control input of the motor 37.
  • Another input of the adder 142 is connected to the X output of the control computer 140, while a third input is at the output of a multiplier 145.
  • This has two inputs, one of which is connected to the output of a differential amplifier 146, while the other is connected to the output 147 of a converter 148.
  • the input of the converter 148 is at the output of the incremental encoder of the ⁇ motor 62.
  • the converter 148 is used to convert the current ⁇ ′ values into cos ⁇ values output at the output 147 or into sin ⁇ values output at a further output 149 convert.
  • the two inputs of the differential amplifier 146 are connected to the outputs of the distance sensors 91a, b.
  • the differential amplifier 146 and therefore also the multiplier 145 emit an output signal corresponding to the value 0.
  • the adder 142 adds according to the regulation, i.e. with the correct sign, the actual values X ′ and the target values WX′kn.
  • a signal corresponding to the sum is converted by the controller 143 into a signal which, after amplification in the amplifier 144, drives the motor 37 such that any deviations in the value X'kn from the value WX'kn are made 0.
  • the hammer mechanism 55 therefore always assumes its desired target position.
  • the Y motor 15 for the drum 6 is controlled accordingly.
  • the Y output of the control computer 140 is connected to the control input of the motor 15 via an adder 150, a controller 151 and an amplifier 152.
  • Another input of the adder 150 is connected to the incremental encoder of the motor 15.
  • the output of the differential amplifier 146 is connected to an input of a multiplier 153 whose other input is at the output 149 of the converter 148 and whose output is connected to a further input of the adder 150.
  • the measured deviation E is multiplied by sin ⁇ when correcting the WY′kn values.
  • Another control circuit is provided for the Z-motor 51, in that the control input of the WZ′kn signals appearing at the Z-output of the control computer 140 are supplied via an adder 154, a controller 155 and an amplifier 156. Another input of the adder 154 is connected to the incremental output of the Z-motor 51. This compensates for deviations in the Z′-values from the WZ′kn-values.
  • this control circuit is also assigned the height sensor 66 (FIG. 1) with its sensor 67, which is, for example, a mechanical sensor lying close behind the hammer tool 56 on the machined ridge 22 or a distance sensor of another design.
  • the height sensor 66 attached to the hammer mechanism 55 has e.g. the task of compensating for any deviations of the lateral surface of the drum 6 from their ideal shape (out-of-roundness, parallelism errors or the like). The procedure is as follows.
  • the hammering tool 56 is not brought to its desired value WZ′kn immediately, but only gradually, in order to avoid disturbances in the material section of the ridge 22 adjacent to the starting position of the hammering process, while the ridge 22 is already in X- and / or Y direction past the hammer tool 56 and processed.
  • the height sensor 66 is still switched off.
  • the height sensor 66 is switched on when the desired value WZ'kn is reached.
  • the analog output signal of the height sensor 66 is fed, for example, as indicated schematically in FIG.
  • the finished punch 21 therefore has a cutting edge with a constant height. Since the sensor 67 is preferably arranged behind the hammer tool 56, the switching of the switch 157 should only take place with a certain time delay in comparison to the first time the setpoint has been reached in the Z direction, in order thereby to ensure that the sensor 67 is on one of the Section of the ridge having the desired height rests.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described, which can be modified in many ways.
  • the following changes are possible.
  • other fastening means for example mechanical tensioning and clamping strips, can be provided on the drum 6 in order to fasten the punching body 21.
  • the drum 6 can provide a flat support table which can be pushed back and forth in the Y direction for the punch body.
  • other devices can be provided to determine target values for the path lines of the ridges. This data could, for example, also be determined outside the device according to FIG. 1 using other means than the ones shown, for example using scanning methods known per se.
  • the punching bodies have burrs with intersecting or sharply branched parts.
  • the hammering tool in the area of the intersections is to be lifted off the punch body and the finishing of the intersections and branches is to be carried out manually as before, for example with scrapers, engraving styluses or the like.
  • burrs which, in contrast to the burrs 22 (FIG. 1) or 130 (FIG. 23), are not closed to form an endless shape, but instead run along open paths, for example simple straight lines, can be as described above
  • punch bodies made of hardened material e.g. steel
  • punch bodies made of comparatively soft materials can also be used, which are hardened after hammering.
  • a modification of the method described can also consist in that the hammering process according to FIGS. 26 to 29 is combined with a metal scraping process.
  • a tool 170 is provided, the front surface of which points in the feed direction (arrow r ) merges into a V-shaped notch 172 along a sharp-edged cutting edge 171 (FIG. 27).
  • the tools 56 and 170 are configured essentially identically. This is shown by the fact that the tool 170 also has a rounded transition edge 173 in the rear region, which is indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 26 and begins approximately at line 174, but is missing from the front.
  • the side surfaces 175 used for hammering and which delimit the V-shaped notch 172 are again largely flat.
  • the tool 170 is not immediately set to its desired height at the beginning of the hammering process. Rather, during its advance (arrow r and its oscillation (arrow s ) it is first gradually lowered on the ridge 177 within an insertion section 178 (FIG. 28), so that its height 177a is still retained on a first part 179 of the insertion section 178. Only on its last section 180 is the ridge 117 brought to its desired height by further lowering the tool 170, which is smaller than the original height 177a by the amount designated by 181 in FIG. 28 and is retained in the further course of the machining (section 182 28 and 29).
  • the combined machining of the ridge 177 by hammering and scraping can finally be replaced by machining which is characterized solely by machining scraping. All that is required for this is to switch off the oscillating movement of the tool 170 caused by the motor 64 (FIGS. 1 and 25) and only to move it in the direction of the arrow r .
  • the desired height of the tool 170 can also be gradually produced in the area of the path 178. Apart from this, it is possible to set the amplitude of the oscillating movement (arrow s ) to any practical value in a combined hammering and scraping process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
EP87117731A 1986-07-09 1987-12-01 Appareil pour la production automatique d'une matrice d'estampage à bord de coupe aigu Withdrawn EP0318607A3 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863623036 DE3623036A1 (de) 1986-07-09 1986-07-09 Vorrichtung zur automatischen herstellung eines eine scharfe schneidkante aufweisenden stanzwerkzeugs
EP87117731A EP0318607A3 (fr) 1987-12-01 1987-12-01 Appareil pour la production automatique d'une matrice d'estampage à bord de coupe aigu

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP87117731A EP0318607A3 (fr) 1987-12-01 1987-12-01 Appareil pour la production automatique d'une matrice d'estampage à bord de coupe aigu

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EP0318607A2 true EP0318607A2 (fr) 1989-06-07
EP0318607A3 EP0318607A3 (fr) 1989-08-23

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EP87117731A Withdrawn EP0318607A3 (fr) 1986-07-09 1987-12-01 Appareil pour la production automatique d'une matrice d'estampage à bord de coupe aigu

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007082197A1 (fr) * 2006-01-10 2007-07-19 Eagle Rotary Systems, Inc. Filiere simple flexible fabriquee par roulage pour outil de coupe rotatif
CN103170534A (zh) * 2013-04-11 2013-06-26 钟婕 套轴滑动滚压器
CN107876885A (zh) * 2017-10-25 2018-04-06 嘉善东顺塑料五金制品厂（普通合伙） 一种金属件刻痕装置
CN107891188A (zh) * 2017-10-25 2018-04-10 嘉善东顺塑料五金制品厂（普通合伙） 一种五金件压痕装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1523356A (en) * 1917-07-10 1925-01-13 Sullivan Machinery Co Forging machine
US1560861A (en) * 1923-08-30 1925-11-10 Us Envelope & Co Production of paper and cardboard blanks and sheets in imitation of handmade paper and cardboard blanks and sheets
DE1802322A1 (de) * 1968-10-17 1970-07-23 Stumpp & Schuele Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung von am Umfang geschaerften Messern
US3707087A (en) * 1971-06-16 1972-12-26 Hildaur L Neilsen Deburring devices
US4074595A (en) * 1972-12-26 1978-02-21 Centenary Central, Inc. Means for producing die board and cutting rules for same

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1523356A (en) * 1917-07-10 1925-01-13 Sullivan Machinery Co Forging machine
US1560861A (en) * 1923-08-30 1925-11-10 Us Envelope & Co Production of paper and cardboard blanks and sheets in imitation of handmade paper and cardboard blanks and sheets
DE1802322A1 (de) * 1968-10-17 1970-07-23 Stumpp & Schuele Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung von am Umfang geschaerften Messern
US3707087A (en) * 1971-06-16 1972-12-26 Hildaur L Neilsen Deburring devices
US4074595A (en) * 1972-12-26 1978-02-21 Centenary Central, Inc. Means for producing die board and cutting rules for same

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007082197A1 (fr) * 2006-01-10 2007-07-19 Eagle Rotary Systems, Inc. Filiere simple flexible fabriquee par roulage pour outil de coupe rotatif
CN103170534A (zh) * 2013-04-11 2013-06-26 钟婕 套轴滑动滚压器
CN107876885A (zh) * 2017-10-25 2018-04-06 嘉善东顺塑料五金制品厂（普通合伙） 一种金属件刻痕装置
CN107891188A (zh) * 2017-10-25 2018-04-10 嘉善东顺塑料五金制品厂（普通合伙） 一种五金件压痕装置

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