EP0315548B1 - Profiled sheet metal pilings with complementary lateral open coupling flanges, and cut-off walls made of said pilings - Google Patents

Profiled sheet metal pilings with complementary lateral open coupling flanges, and cut-off walls made of said pilings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0315548B1
EP0315548B1 EP88402785A EP88402785A EP0315548B1 EP 0315548 B1 EP0315548 B1 EP 0315548B1 EP 88402785 A EP88402785 A EP 88402785A EP 88402785 A EP88402785 A EP 88402785A EP 0315548 B1 EP0315548 B1 EP 0315548B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
flange
male
female
piling
web
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EP88402785A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0315548A1 (en
Inventor
Bernard Libert
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PROFILES ET TUBES DE L'EST
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PROFILES ET TUBES DE L'EST
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/02—Sheet piles or sheet pile bulkheads
    • E02D5/03—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles
    • E02D5/04—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles made of steel
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/02—Sheet piles or sheet pile bulkheads
    • E02D5/03—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles
    • E02D5/04—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles made of steel
    • E02D5/08—Locking forms; Edge joints; Pile crossings; Branch pieces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to profiled metal sheet piles, used in the building industry and public works, for the realization of foundation, retaining or protective works, works whose role is to separate two environments, generally a liquid environment of a solid medium and sometimes a gaseous medium of a liquid medium or of a solid medium.
  • sheet piles for construction: curtains for the defense of the banks of canals and rivers; flood protection screens along roads and highways in flood-prone areas; quay walls in ports and along rivers; perimeter walls of swimming pools; silos; containment walls of basins for the storage of gases, in particular of hydrocarbons; trench armor, during excavations; terrestrial retaining curtains; protections along the roads to prevent falling rocks.
  • a suitable product such as a cement or a resin, is injected into the empty space which may remain between the two complementary means engaged by each latch formed by the juxtaposition of two neighboring sheet piles.
  • the present invention relates more precisely to the field of profiled metal sheet piles with complementary open side loops.
  • loop sheet piles form longitudinal locks with excellent tightness, due to the particular geometry of the loops whose complementary hook-shaped profiles, male and female respectively, fit one into the other. other with, consequently, a large overlap.
  • the thickness of the sheet which must be worked in successive operations on a profiling machine, to gradually take the particular shape of the sheet pile, is limited by the profiling material to a value of the order of 12 mm.
  • the width of the sheet introduced into the profiling machine is also limited, to a value of the order of 1250 mm, a limit which is imposed by the profiling material itself; and insofar as the width of the original sheet is limited, it is understood that the development of the profiled sheet pile is also, both in height and in width.
  • the height of the finished profiled sheet pile is also limited, to a value of the order of 250 mm, on the grounds that the two loops formed along each longitudinal edge of the sheet pile must be coplanar and belong to a plane parallel to the neutral axis of the curtain produced.
  • This obligation is the consequence of the profiles, in the form of hooks, currently used to constitute the loops, namely that being each formed on one side of the core of the sheet pile and being turned towards each other, the juxtaposition between two neighboring sheet piles is designed by necessarily placing the sheet piles parallel to each other, so that the male loop of one can cooperate with the female loop of the second and thus constitute the desired lock.
  • US-A-2880589 describes a sheet pile with male and female loops respectively and with ⁇ section of the aforementioned type.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks and, to this end, it provides a profiled sheet pile with complementary open side loops whose conjugate profiles are such that, to form locks with two adjacent sheet piles of the same type, it is necessary to have said sheet pile upside down.
  • the two mouths of each sheet pile must be placed on one side and the other of the neutral axis of the curtain, and consequently the sheet pile according to the invention makes it possible to obtain very high resistance modules up to 5.5 times the current limit values for equal steel quality.
  • the sheet pile according to the invention makes it possible not only to preserve, but also to improve the sealing properties for which the sheet pile with loops is particularly sought after; in fact, the empty space existing between two locked complementary loops is this time completely closed; this space is also of a larger section than that left by the locking of two sheet piles in ⁇ , so that it leaves a free passage to possible reinforcing tubes with, if necessary, injection of a product d additional sealing in larger quantity.
  • the present invention therefore has as its first object a method of producing a metal sheet pile of the type comprising two complementary open side loops joined by a non-planar central core, said loops being called respectively "female loop” and “male loop” and being formed , by a profiling operation, each on a longitudinal edge of a metal sheet, on the same side of the sheet and such that their openings face each other, said method being characterized in that, at the end or after this profiling operation, the core of the sheet is folded along a single line which extends longitudinally and parallel to the loops, the core then defining a dihedral whose angle ⁇ is obtuse and open in the direction of the openings of the loops.
  • a second object of the present invention is a profiled metal sheet pile of the type comprising two complementary open side loops joined by a non-planar central core, said loops being called respectively "female loop” and “male loop”, said sheet pile being obtained by the aforementioned method and being intended, by juxtaposition with other sheet piles of the aforementioned type with engagement of each of the two loops of each sheet pile in the complementary loop of each adjacent sheet pile, for the production of a curtain, in particular a curtain with a high modulus resistance, the male loop and the female loop being provided on the same side of the core, said sheet pile being characterized in that said core has a single longitudinal fold line which extends parallel to the loops, the core defining a dihedral whose angle ⁇ is obtuse and open in the direction of the loop openings.
  • the two male and female loops are of conjugate profiles, so that after their engagement in the respectively complementary loop of an adjacent sheet pile each male loop-female loop interlocking has at least three contact zones. Due to these mandatory contacts when locking a sheet pile on its neighboring sheet pile, the lock obtained has the advantage of being completely sealed.
  • the profile of the female loop extends in a roundness over approximately 3/4 of a circle and the profile of the male loop forms a first rounding slightly greater than 1/4 of a circle, extended by a dish itself extended by a second rounding extending over approximately 5/8 of a circle.
  • the angle formed by the flat part of the male loop with the web of the sheet pile and the angle presented by the web on either side of its fold line are additional.
  • the outside radius of the second rounding of the male loop is equal, apart from the clearance, to the inside radius of the rounding of the female loop, the contact during interlocking male loop-female loop produced by these rounding, by the intermediate plate of the male loop bearing on the part of the sheet pile core which borders the female loop and by the end of the female loop bearing on the part of the sheet pile core which borders the male loop.
  • the outside radius of the second rounding of the male loop is slightly less than the inside radius of the rounding of the female loop, the contact during the male-to-loop nesting female being carried out by the external extreme point of the male mouth in support on a point of the interior wall of the rounding of the female mouth, by the intermediate flat of the male mouth in support on the part of the core of the sheet pile which borders the female mouth and by the end of the female loop resting on the part of the sheet pile core which borders the male loop.
  • the outside radius of the second rounding of the male loop can advantageously be of the order of 85/100 to 95/100 of the inside radius of the rounding of the female loop; the height of the intermediate plate of the male loop can be substantially equal to 5/6 of the outside radius of the second rounding of said male loop; and the inside radius of the first rounding of the male loop can be substantially equal to half the outside radius of the second rounding of said male loop.
  • the profile of the male loop extends in a rounding over at least 3/4 of a circle and the profile of the female loop forms a rounding over at least 1/2 circle extended by a dish.
  • the angle that forms the flat of the female loop with the web of the sheet pile and the angle that the web has on either side of its fold line are additional.
  • the external radius of the rounding of the male loop is equal, apart from the clearance, to the internal radius of the rounding of the female loop, the contact during the male loop fitting - female loop produced by these rounding, and by the flat of the female loop pressing on the part of the core of the sheet pile which borders the male loop.
  • the angle of the dihedral formed by the core on either side of the fold line is close to 105 °, a value which leads to the best compromise between the height of the sheet pile / width of the sheet pile and which , therefore, provides the best values of resistance modules.
  • the present invention also relates to any sheet pile curtain essentially constituted from sheet piles according to the invention, interlocked head to tail.
  • Each sheet pile (1, 2, 3) has two loops, each formed along a longitudinal edge of the profile, a loop (4) also called “hard loop” because it has a very accentuated roundness, and a loop (5) also called “soft loop” to be more weakly rounded.
  • the loops (4) and (5), each in the form of hooks, have complementary profiles so as to be able to cooperate and lock, respectively on the loop (5) of the sheet pile (3) and on the loop (4) of the sheet pile (2).
  • the loops (4) and (5) are formed on one side and the other of the sheet, the loop (4) being slightly raised by a fold (6), in the opposite direction to that of its formation. , so as to be located at the same height as the loop (5) relative to the plane of the sheet.
  • the sheet is deformed in its central part, along the longitudinal folds (7, 8, 9, 10), so as to form a dome whose top (11) is a plate.
  • the plane passing through the loops (4) and (5) is therefore parallel to the plate (11) of the dome.
  • the engagement of any sheet pile with an adjacent sheet pile of the same type is necessarily carried out by placing the sheet piles parallel to each other, thus it has been shown in Figure 1.
  • the neutral axis (12) of the sheet pile wall (1-3) therefore passes substantially equidistant from the plane of the plates (11) and the parallel plane passing through the loops (4) and (5) multiple interlocked sheet piles.
  • each sheet pile (1) has been profiled being limited, on the one hand, the loops (4) and (5) must necessarily be located on the same side with respect to the neutral axis (12 ) on the other hand, it is understood that the resistance modulus of each sheet pile (1) is necessarily low since, by construction, the height of said sheet pile is necessarily limited.
  • the sheet pile with complementary open side loops has the particularity of having a male loop and a female loop formed on the same side of the sheet during the profiling operation, and such as the openings (36) and (37). loops, female and male respectively, face each other.
  • a female loop (14) and a male loop (15) are formed on the longitudinal edges of the sheet metal, the profiles of which are conjugate and complementary.
  • the profile of the female loop extends from the part (16) of the core (17) which borders it, in a rounding (22) over approximately 3/4 of a circle.
  • the profile of the male loop (15) forms a first rounded (19) slightly greater than 1/4 of a circle, extended by a flat (20) - even extended by a second round (21) extending over approximately 5/8 of a circle.
  • the loops (14) and (15) cooperate mainly by the rounding of the female loop and by the second rounding of the male loop. Consequently, the outside radius of the second rounding (21) of the male loop (15) is slightly less than or at most equal, apart from the clearance, the inside radius of the rounding (22) of the female loop (14).
  • the male loop (15) is placed overhanging the end (18) of the core (17) with a height (H) equal to approximately 103% of the inside diameter of the rounding of the female loop. .
  • each sheet pile (13) also has on its core (17) a longitudinal fold line (23), produced by example either using rollers, during the last stages of the operation of profiling the loops (14) and (15), or using any suitable tool, for example a profiler, rollers, or a folder placed immediately downstream of the profiling line.
  • a longitudinal fold line (23) produced by example either using rollers, during the last stages of the operation of profiling the loops (14) and (15), or using any suitable tool, for example a profiler, rollers, or a folder placed immediately downstream of the profiling line.
  • the fold (23) extends parallel to the loops (14) and (15) and in addition forms a dihedral with a constant angle; according to another of the features of the invention, the angle ⁇ of this dihedral is obtuse and open in the direction of the loops (14) and (15).
  • the acute angle ⁇ formed by the flat (20) of the male loop (15) with the core (17) of the sheet pile (13) and the obtuse angle ⁇ which the core (17) of on either side of its fold (23) are additional.
  • the plate (20) and the part (16) of the core (17) which borders the female loop (14) are parallel.
  • the sheet metal thus profiled has an overall width of 854 mm, the distance separating in projection onto the core (17) the center of the rounding of the female loop (14) and the center of the first rounding (19) of the loop male (15) being 802 mm.
  • the sheet thus profiled is folded at the level of its core so as to form a fold (23) open by 105 ° in the direction of the two loops (14) and (15 ).
  • the fold (23) can be formed longitudinally in any which point of the core (17) located between the loops (14) and (15), while respecting a minimum height of 10 mm for the part (16) (or for the part (18)) separating the fold (23 ) of the nearest loop (14) (or respectively (15)), so as to allow easy handling of the folded sheet pile and threshing of this sheet pile.
  • FIG. 8 shows five profiled and folded sheet piles according to the above example, said sheet piles each distinguished by the position of their fold (23) relative to the loops (14) and (15).
  • the construction of a curtain from the sheet piles (13) of the invention is obtained by engaging said sheet pile head to tail, as it appears in the overall representation of Figure 7. After threshing of a first sheet pile, for example the one shown hatched, the construction of the curtain is started by associating with this first sheet pile a sheet pile (13) of the same configuration, which is turned 180 ° so as to penetrate the male loop (15) of the second sheet pile in the female loop (14) of the first sheet pile.
  • the male buckle-female buckle nesting is characterized in that, after engagement, the loops (14) and (15) have at least three contact zones between them.
  • a perfectly closed longitudinal chamber (28) is formed between two female (14) and male (15) loops, in which one can therefore inject a sealant, such as a cement or a resin.
  • a sealant such as a cement or a resin.
  • the implementation of sheet piles according to the invention therefore allows an injection of sealant without any waste.
  • section of the chamber (28) is such that, if necessary, it allows the introduction into each engagement male buckle-female loop of a bar or a reinforcing tube allowing to further improve the resistance characteristics of the curtain formed from sheet piles (13) interlocked head to tail.
  • the sheet pile (13) has another advantage inherent in the profiles given to the loops (14) and (15).
  • the lock constituted by a male loop fitted into a female loop is movable in rotation about a longitudinal axis below its engagement position concretized by its contacting of the above three areas.
  • the authorized ⁇ travel is of the order of 38 °, as shown in Figure 6.
  • the sheet pile to be beaten can indeed occupy any position between that shown in dashed lines in FIG. 6 and that shown in solid lines in the same figure, which both constitute the limit positions of the male loop inside the female loop. It is only at the end of threshing that the second sheet pile is pivoted and brought to its ideal engagement position, shown in solid lines, as shown by the arrows (30), until the contacting of the male loop and the female loop by the three zones which characterize the engagement as it was seen previously.
  • a variant (113) of the aforementioned sheet pile (13) has been shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, a variant which constitutes the upper limit of the various configurations which can be given to the male loop-female loop assembly of the sheet pile. (13) since, apart from play, the outside radius of the second rounding (121) of the male loop (115) is equal to the inside radius of the rounding (122) of the female loop (114).
  • the contact during the fitting of the male mouth (115) - female mouth (114), visible in detail in FIG. 10, takes place at the rounded points (121) and (122), by the intermediate plate ( 120) of the male loop bearing on the part (116) of the core (117) of the sheet pile which borders the female loop and by the end (127) of the female mouth bearing on the part (118) of the soul that borders the male mouth.
  • the advantages of the sheet pile (113) over the sheet pile (13) are essentially of two types: the tightness at each socket is improved, since the areas in contact are more extensive, and the chamber (128) is of a noticeably higher section, allowing greater reinforcement.
  • the disadvantage of the sheet pile (113) relative to the sheet pile (13) lies in that the interlocking can only be carried out in one position, that of the engagement, and that it is not possible to rotate the second sheet pile during threshing relative to the first sheet pile already in place.
  • FIGS. 12 to 14 A third variant of sheet pile (213) according to the invention has been shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, a variant in which the profile of the male loop (215) extends in a rounded shape (233) over at least 3/4 of circle and the profile of the female loop (214) forms a rounding (234) on at least 1/2 circle and is extended by a flat (235).
  • the outside radius of the rounding (233) is at play almost advantageously equal to the inside radius of the rounding (234).
  • the acute angle ⁇ formed by the flat (235) of the female loop with the part (216) of the core (217) which borders said female loop and the obtuse angle ⁇ presented by the core (217 ) on either side of its fold line (223) are additional.
  • the flat (235) is formed at the end of the round (234) so that the overall width ( L ) of the female loop (214) is equal to the outside diameter of the male loop (233).
  • the engagement male buckle-female loop shown in detail in Figure 13 is characterized in that said loops are in contact by the rounded (233) and (234) and by the flat (235) of the female loop resting on the part (218) of the core (217) which borders the male loop.
  • the sheet pile (213) has the advantages of ensuring the formation of a completely sealed lock and a chamber (228) of a large section which allows the introduction into each lock of large tubes or reinforcing bars. On the other hand, it is not possible to rotate a sheet pile during threshing relative to the sheet pile in which it is fitted.
  • any sheet pile (13, 113, 213) can be easily shaped to form an angle in a non-straight sheet pile wall.
  • a special sheet pile is made, called a "corner sheet pile" from which a portion of non-curtain can extend. aligned with the first portion of the curtain ended by said corner sheet pile.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a profiled metal piling (13) with complementary lateral coupling flanges, called respectively "male" (15) and "female" (14), for the production of a cut-off wall by the juxtaposition of a plurality of pilings of the abovementioned type, with the engagement of each of the two coupling flanges of each piling into the complementary coupling flange of each adjacent piling. This piling is characterised in that its male coupling flange (15) and its female coupling flange (14) are formed on the same side of its web (17) during the profiling operation, the respective orifices (37) and (36) of the two coupling flanges confronting one another, and in that the web of the piling has a longitudinal bending line (23) which extends parallel to the coupling flanges, the web thus defining a dihedron, the angle alpha of which is obtuse and open towards the coupling flanges. This piling makes it possible to produce cut-off walls with a high resistance modulus. It is profiled from a metal sheet, of which the width, thickness and position of the bend (23) are selected in such a way that the resistance modulus of the finished piling exactly meets the requirements of the building contractor. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne les palplanches métalliques profilées, utilisées dans l'industrie du bâtiment et des travaux publics, pour la réalisation d'ouvrages de fondation, de soutènement ou de protection, ouvrages dont le rôle est de séparer deux milieux, généralement un milieu liquide d'un milieu solide et parfois un milieu gazeux d'un milieu liquide ou d'un milieu solide.The present invention relates to profiled metal sheet piles, used in the building industry and public works, for the realization of foundation, retaining or protective works, works whose role is to separate two environments, generally a liquid environment of a solid medium and sometimes a gaseous medium of a liquid medium or of a solid medium.

A titre d'exemples, il est connu d'utiliser des palplanches pour la construction : de rideaux pour la défense des berges des canaux et des rivières; d'écrans de protection contre les crues le long des routes et autoroutes, dans les zones inondables ; de murs de quais dans les ports et le long des fleuves ; de murs d'enceintes de piscines ; de silos ; de murs d'enceintes de cuvettes pour le stockage de gaz, notamment d'hydrocarbures ; de blindages de tranchées, lors de fouilles ; de rideaux de soutènements terrestres ; de protections le long des routes pour retenir la chute de pierres.As examples, it is known to use sheet piles for construction: curtains for the defense of the banks of canals and rivers; flood protection screens along roads and highways in flood-prone areas; quay walls in ports and along rivers; perimeter walls of swimming pools; silos; containment walls of basins for the storage of gases, in particular of hydrocarbons; trench armor, during excavations; terrestrial retaining curtains; protections along the roads to prevent falling rocks.

Pour les besoins de la présente description, tous les ouvrages précités seront désignés sous la même appellation d'ensemble de rideaux.For the purposes of this description, all the aforementioned works will be designated under the same name of curtain assembly.

Quelle que soit la nature du matériau constituant les palplanches (métal, béton ou bois), celles-ci ont comme particularités communes de présenter sur toute leur longueur une section constante à profil particulier et de comporter, également sur toute leur longueur, deux moyens qui sont complémentaires l'un de l'autre et qui, par coopération avec les moyens complémentaires des palplanches voisines, vont constituer, par emboîtement et enclenchement longitudinal, des verrous longitudinaux continus relativement étanches.Whatever the nature of the material constituting the sheet piles (metal, concrete or wood), they have the common peculiarities of presenting over their entire length a constant section with a particular profile and of comprising, also over their entire length, two means which are complementary to each other and which, by cooperation with the complementary means of the neighboring sheet piles, will constitute, by interlocking and longitudinal engagement, relatively tight continuous longitudinal latches.

Au surplus, pour le cas échéant parachever cette étanchéité, un produit approprié, tel un ciment ou une résine, est injecté dans l'espace vide pouvant subsister entre les deux moyens complémentaires enclenchés de chaque verrou formé par la juxtaposition de deux palplanches voisines.In addition, to complete this seal if necessary, a suitable product, such as a cement or a resin, is injected into the empty space which may remain between the two complementary means engaged by each latch formed by the juxtaposition of two neighboring sheet piles.

La présente invention concerne plus précisément le domaine des palplanches métalliques profilées à boucles latérales ouvertes complémentaires.The present invention relates more precisely to the field of profiled metal sheet piles with complementary open side loops.

Ces palplanches à boucles ont pour principal avantage de former des verrous longitudinaux d'une excellente étanchéité, du fait même de la géométrie particulière des boucles dont les profils complémentaires en forme de crochets, respectivement mâle et femelle, s'emboîtent l'un dans l'autre avec, par suite, un large recouvrement.The main advantage of these loop sheet piles is that they form longitudinal locks with excellent tightness, due to the particular geometry of the loops whose complementary hook-shaped profiles, male and female respectively, fit one into the other. other with, consequently, a large overlap.

De telles palplanches à boucles sont toutefois d'un emploi limité, au motif qu'elles ne permettent pas d'obtenir des modules de résistance élevés.However, such sheet pile piles are of limited use, on the grounds that they do not make it possible to obtain high strength modules.

En effet, à cet égard, on sait que, dans l'utilisation des palplanches métalliques, la contrainte est égale au moment fléchissant à absorber divisé par le module de résistance.Indeed, in this respect, we know that, in the use of metal sheet piles, the stress is equal to the bending moment to be absorbed divided by the resistance module.

En conséquence, à qualité imposée de métal, de l'acier généralement, il est intéressant de disposer, par la forme profilée des palplanches, du module de résistance le plus élevé possible, de façon à pouvoir absorber un moment fléchissant maximum.Consequently, with the imposed quality of metal, generally of steel, it is advantageous to have, by the profiled shape of the sheet piles, the highest possible modulus of resistance, so as to be able to absorb a maximum bending moment.

Or, par simple application des formules mathématiques, on s'aperçoit que, pour augmenter la valeur du module, il faut augmenter l'épaisseur de la palplanche et/ou la hauteur et/ou la largeur de cette palplanche, et idéalement faire en sorte que la masse de la palplanche métallique soit la plus importante possible dans les parties les plus éloignées de l'axe neutre du rideau formé par l'assemblage des palplanches, axe neutre qui se confond, ou du moins en est très voisin, avec le plan médian longitudinal dudit rideau.However, by simple application of the mathematical formulas, one realizes that, to increase the value of the module, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the sheet pile and / or the height and / or the width of this sheet pile, and ideally to make so that the mass of the metal sheet pile is as large as possible in the parts furthest from the neutral axis of the curtain formed by the assembly of the sheet piles, neutral axis which merges, or at least is very close to it, with the plane longitudinal median of said curtain.

Sachant que, pour les palplanches à boucles, les trois valeurs précitées sont limitées, on comprend que les modules de résistance de telles palplanches sont également limités.Knowing that, for loop pile, the three aforementioned values are limited, it is understood that the resistance modules of such sheet piles are also limited.

En premier lieu, l'épaisseur de la tôle, qui doit être travaillée en opérations successives sur une machine à profiler, pour prendre progressivement la forme particulière de la palplanche, est limitée par le matériel de profilage à une valeur de l'ordre de 12 mm.First, the thickness of the sheet, which must be worked in successive operations on a profiling machine, to gradually take the particular shape of the sheet pile, is limited by the profiling material to a value of the order of 12 mm.

En second lieu, la largeur de la tôle introduite dans la machine à profiler est également limitée, à une valeur de l'ordre de 1250 mm, limite qui est imposée par le matériel de profilage lui-même ; et dans la mesure où la largeur de la tôle d'origine est limitée, on comprend que le développement de la palplanche profilée l'est également, tant en hauteur qu'en largeur.Secondly, the width of the sheet introduced into the profiling machine is also limited, to a value of the order of 1250 mm, a limit which is imposed by the profiling material itself; and insofar as the width of the original sheet is limited, it is understood that the development of the profiled sheet pile is also, both in height and in width.

En troisième lieu, la hauteur de la palplanche profilée terminée est également limitée, à une valeur de l'ordre de 250 mm, au motif que les deux boucles formées le long de chaque bord longitudinal de la palplanche doivent être coplanaires et appartenir à un plan parallèle à l'axe neutre du rideau réalisé. Cette obligation est la conséquence des profils, en forme de crochets, actuellement employés pour constituer les boucles, à savoir qu'étant formés chacun d'un côté de l'âme de la palplanche et étant tournés l'un vers l'autre, la juxtaposition entre deux palplanches voisines se conçoit en plaçant obligatoirement les palplanches parallèles l'une à l'autre, pour que la boucle mâle de l'une puisse coopérer avec la boucle femelle de la seconde et constituer ainsi le verrou désiré.Thirdly, the height of the finished profiled sheet pile is also limited, to a value of the order of 250 mm, on the grounds that the two loops formed along each longitudinal edge of the sheet pile must be coplanar and belong to a plane parallel to the neutral axis of the curtain produced. This obligation is the consequence of the profiles, in the form of hooks, currently used to constitute the loops, namely that being each formed on one side of the core of the sheet pile and being turned towards each other, the juxtaposition between two neighboring sheet piles is designed by necessarily placing the sheet piles parallel to each other, so that the male loop of one can cooperate with the female loop of the second and thus constitute the desired lock.

Toutes les palplanches métalliques à boucles ont par conséquent une forme en Ω dans laquelle le plan commun aux deux bouches d'extrémités est parallèle au dôme central, généralement en plateau, de cet Ω. Les deux bouches sont ainsi situées d'un même côté par rapport à l'axe neutre, et par suite la hauteur de la palplanche à bouches est forcément faible.All metal sheet piles with loops have Consequently, an Ω shape in which the plane common to the two end vents is parallel to the central dome, generally in plateau, of this Ω. The two mouths are thus located on the same side with respect to the neutral axis, and consequently the height of the mouth sheet pile is necessarily low.

US-A-2880589 décrit une palplanche à boucles respectivement mâle et femelle et à section en Ω du type précité.US-A-2880589 describes a sheet pile with male and female loops respectively and with Ω section of the aforementioned type.

Du fait des trois limites précitées, les valeurs maximales des modules de résistance des palplanches métalliques profilées à boucles latérales, à section en Ω, sont à ce jour voisines de 1300 cm³/m.Because of the three abovementioned limits, the maximum values of the resistance modules of profiled metal sheet piles with lateral loops, with a section in Ω, are to date close to 1300 cm³ / m.

D'un autre côté, les nécessités techniques exigent des modules de résistance de plus en plus élevés. Il est alors fréquent que des rideaux simples de palplanches à bouches ne suffisent pas, auquel cas on a recours à des rideaux complexes, renforcés ou combinés, dans lesquels les palplanches à boucles sont associées à des caissons, à des poutrelles ou à des tubes, grâce auxquels on peut atteindre les résistances à la flexion désirées.On the other hand, technical necessities demand higher and higher resistance modules. It is then frequent that simple curtains of sheet pile with mouths are not sufficient, in which case one resorts to complex curtains, reinforced or combined, in which the sheet pile with loops are associated with boxes, beams or tubes, thanks to which the desired flexural strengths can be achieved.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients et, à cet effet, elle propose une palplanche profilée à boucles latérales ouvertes complémentaires dont les profils conjugués sont tels que, pour former des verrous avec deux palplanches adjacentes du même type, il faut disposer lesdites palplanches tête-bêche. Du fait même de cette disposition tête-bêche, les deux bouches de chaque palplanche doivent obligatoirement être placées d'un côté et de l'autre de l'axe neutre du rideau, et par suite la palplanche selon l'invention permet d'obtenir des modules de résistance très élevés pouvant atteindre 5,5 fois les valeurs limites actuelles à qualité d'acier égale. Au surplus, la palplanche selon l'invention permet non seulement de conserver, mais aussi d'améliorer les propriétés d'étanchéité pour lesquelles la palplanche à boucles est particulièrement recherchée ; en effet, l'espace vide existant entre deux boucles complémentaires verrouillées est cette fois totalement clos ; cet espace est également d'une section plus importante que celui laissé par le verrouillage de deux palplanches en Ω, de sorte qu'il laisse un libre passage à d'éventuels tubes de renforcement avec, le cas échéant, injection d'un produit d'étanchéité complémentaire en plus grande quantité.The object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks and, to this end, it provides a profiled sheet pile with complementary open side loops whose conjugate profiles are such that, to form locks with two adjacent sheet piles of the same type, it is necessary to have said sheet pile upside down. By the very fact of this head-to-tail arrangement, the two mouths of each sheet pile must be placed on one side and the other of the neutral axis of the curtain, and consequently the sheet pile according to the invention makes it possible to obtain very high resistance modules up to 5.5 times the current limit values for equal steel quality. In addition, the sheet pile according to the invention makes it possible not only to preserve, but also to improve the sealing properties for which the sheet pile with loops is particularly sought after; in fact, the empty space existing between two locked complementary loops is this time completely closed; this space is also of a larger section than that left by the locking of two sheet piles in Ω, so that it leaves a free passage to possible reinforcing tubes with, if necessary, injection of a product d additional sealing in larger quantity.

La présente invention a donc pour premier objet un procédé de réalisation d'une palplanche métallique du type comprenant deux boucles latérales ouvertes complémentaires réunies par une âme centrale non plane, lesdites boucles étant appelées respectivement "boucle femelle" et "boucle mâle" et étant formées, par une opération de profilage, chacune sur un bord longitudinal d'une tôle métallique, du même côté de la tôle et telles que leurs ouvertures se font face, ledit procédé étant caractérisé en ce que, en fin ou après cette opération de profilage, on plie l'âme de la tôle selon une seule ligne qui s'étend longitudinalement et parallèlement aux boucles, l'âme définissant alors un dièdre dont l'angle α est obtus et ouvert en direction des ouvertures des boucles.The present invention therefore has as its first object a method of producing a metal sheet pile of the type comprising two complementary open side loops joined by a non-planar central core, said loops being called respectively "female loop" and "male loop" and being formed , by a profiling operation, each on a longitudinal edge of a metal sheet, on the same side of the sheet and such that their openings face each other, said method being characterized in that, at the end or after this profiling operation, the core of the sheet is folded along a single line which extends longitudinally and parallel to the loops, the core then defining a dihedral whose angle α is obtuse and open in the direction of the openings of the loops.

La présente invention a pour second objet une palplanche métallique profilée du type comprenant deux boucles latérales ouvertes complémentaires réunies par une âme centrale non plane, lesdites boucles étant appelées respectivement "boucle femelle" et "boucle mâle", ladite palplanche étant obtenue par le procédé précité et étant destinée, par juxtaposition avec d'autres palplanches du type précité avec enclenchement de chacune des deux boucles de chaque palplanche dans la boucle complémentaire de chaque palplanche adjacente, à la réalisation d'un rideau, notamment d'un rideau à fort module de résistance, la boucle mâle et la boucle femelle étant prévues sur le même côté de l'âme, ladite palplanche étant caractérisée en ce que ladite âme présente une seule ligne de pliage longitudinale qui s'étend parallèlement aux boucles, l'âme définissant un dièdre dont l'angle α est obtus et ouvert en direction des ouvertures des boucles.A second object of the present invention is a profiled metal sheet pile of the type comprising two complementary open side loops joined by a non-planar central core, said loops being called respectively "female loop" and "male loop", said sheet pile being obtained by the aforementioned method and being intended, by juxtaposition with other sheet piles of the aforementioned type with engagement of each of the two loops of each sheet pile in the complementary loop of each adjacent sheet pile, for the production of a curtain, in particular a curtain with a high modulus resistance, the male loop and the female loop being provided on the same side of the core, said sheet pile being characterized in that said core has a single longitudinal fold line which extends parallel to the loops, the core defining a dihedral whose angle α is obtuse and open in the direction of the loop openings.

Puisque les deux boucles se font face, et d'un même côté de l'âme de la palplanche, la coopération de toute boucle avec la boucle complémentaire de la palplanche adjacente s'obtient nécessairement par une disposition tête-bêche desdites palplanches, avec pour conséquence une alternance des verrous de part et d'autre de l'axe neutre, donc une augmentation de la hauteur de la palplanche relativement à la palplanche connue en Ω, et par suite une augmentation notable du module de résistance.Since the two loops face each other, and on the same side of the sheet pile core, the cooperation of any loop with the complementary loop of the adjacent sheet pile is necessarily obtained by a head-to-tail arrangement of said sheet piles, with for As a result, the latches alternate on either side of the neutral axis, therefore an increase in the height of the sheet pile relative to the known sheet pile in Ω, and consequently a notable increase in the modulus of resistance.

Avantageusement, les deux boucles mâle et femelle sont à profils conjugués, de sorte qu'après leur enclenchement dans la boucle respectivement complémentaire d'une palplanche adjacente chaque emboîtement boucle mâle-boucle femelle présente au moins trois zones de contact. Du fait de ces contacts obligatoires lors du verrouillage d'une palplanche sur sa palplanche voisine, le verrou obtenu a pour avantage d'être totalement étanche.Advantageously, the two male and female loops are of conjugate profiles, so that after their engagement in the respectively complementary loop of an adjacent sheet pile each male loop-female loop interlocking has at least three contact zones. Due to these mandatory contacts when locking a sheet pile on its neighboring sheet pile, the lock obtained has the advantage of being completely sealed.

De préférence, le profil de la boucle femelle s'étend selon un arrondi sur environ 3/4 de cercle et le profil de la boucle mâle forme un premier arrondi légèrement supérieur à 1/4 de cercle, prolongé par un plat lui-même prolongé par un second arrondi s'étendant sur environ 5/8 de cercle. Dans cette construction, l'angle que forme le plat de la boucle mâle avec l'âme de la palplanche et l'angle que présente l'âme de part et d'autre de sa ligne de pliage sont supplémentaires.Preferably, the profile of the female loop extends in a roundness over approximately 3/4 of a circle and the profile of the male loop forms a first rounding slightly greater than 1/4 of a circle, extended by a dish itself extended by a second rounding extending over approximately 5/8 of a circle. In this construction, the angle formed by the flat part of the male loop with the web of the sheet pile and the angle presented by the web on either side of its fold line are additional.

Dans une première variante de réalisation de la palplanche selon l'invention, le rayon extérieur du second arrondi de la boucle mâle est égal, au jeu près, au rayon intérieur de l'arrondi de la boucle femelle, le contact lors de l'emboîtement boucle mâle-boucle femelle se réalisant par ces arrondis, par le plat intermédiaire de la boucle mâle en appui sur la partie de l'âme de la palplanche qui borde la boucle femelle et par l'extrémité de la boucle femelle en appui sur la partie de l'âme de la palplanche qui borde la boucle mâle.In a first embodiment of the sheet pile according to the invention, the outside radius of the second rounding of the male loop is equal, apart from the clearance, to the inside radius of the rounding of the female loop, the contact during interlocking male loop-female loop produced by these rounding, by the intermediate plate of the male loop bearing on the part of the sheet pile core which borders the female loop and by the end of the female loop bearing on the part of the sheet pile core which borders the male loop.

Dans une deuxième variante de réalisation de la palplanche selon l'invention, le rayon extérieur du second arrondi de la boucle mâle est légèrement inférieur au rayon intérieur de l'arrondi de la boucle femelle, le contact lors de l'emboîtement boucle mâle-boucle femelle se réalisant par le point extrême extérieur de la bouche mâle en appui sur un point de la paroi intérieure de l'arrondi de la bouche femelle, par le plat intermédiaire de la bouche mâle en appui sur la partie de l'âme de la palplanche qui borde la bouche femelle et par l'extrémité de la boucle femelle en appui sur la partie de l'âme de la palplanche qui borde la boucle mâle. Dans cette réalisation : le rayon extérieur du second arrondi de la boucle mâle peut être avantageusement de l'ordre de 85/100 à 95/100 du rayon intérieur de l'arrondi de la boucle femelle; la hauteur du plat intermédiaire de la boucle mâle peut être sensiblement égale aux 5/6 du rayon extérieur du second arrondi de ladite boucle mâle ; et le rayon intérieur du premier arrondi de la boucle mâle peut être sensiblement égal à la moitié du rayon extérieur du second arrondi de ladite boucle mâle.In a second embodiment of the sheet pile according to the invention, the outside radius of the second rounding of the male loop is slightly less than the inside radius of the rounding of the female loop, the contact during the male-to-loop nesting female being carried out by the external extreme point of the male mouth in support on a point of the interior wall of the rounding of the female mouth, by the intermediate flat of the male mouth in support on the part of the core of the sheet pile which borders the female mouth and by the end of the female loop resting on the part of the sheet pile core which borders the male loop. In this embodiment: the outside radius of the second rounding of the male loop can advantageously be of the order of 85/100 to 95/100 of the inside radius of the rounding of the female loop; the height of the intermediate plate of the male loop can be substantially equal to 5/6 of the outside radius of the second rounding of said male loop; and the inside radius of the first rounding of the male loop can be substantially equal to half the outside radius of the second rounding of said male loop.

Dans une troisième variante de réalisation de la palplanche selon l'invention, le profil de la boucle mâle s'étend selon un arrondi sur au moins 3/4 de cercle et le profil de la boucle femelle forme un arrondi sur au moins 1/2 cercle prolongé par un plat. Avantageusement, l'angle qur forme le plat de la boucle femelle avec l'âme de la palplanche et l'angle que présente l'âme de part et d'autre de sa ligne de pliage sont supplémentaires.In a third embodiment of the sheet pile according to the invention, the profile of the male loop extends in a rounding over at least 3/4 of a circle and the profile of the female loop forms a rounding over at least 1/2 circle extended by a dish. Advantageously, the angle that forms the flat of the female loop with the web of the sheet pile and the angle that the web has on either side of its fold line are additional.

De préférence, dans la construction de cette troisième variante, le rayon extérieur de l'arrondi de la boucle mâle est égal, au jeu près, au rayon intérieur de l'arrondi de la boucle femelle, le contact lors de l'emboîtement boucle mâle-boucle femelle se réalisant par ces arrondis, et par le plat de la boucle femelle en appui sur la partie de l'âme de la palplanche qui borde la boucle mâle.Preferably, in the construction of this third variant, the external radius of the rounding of the male loop is equal, apart from the clearance, to the internal radius of the rounding of the female loop, the contact during the male loop fitting - female loop produced by these rounding, and by the flat of the female loop pressing on the part of the core of the sheet pile which borders the male loop.

Pour toutes les variantes précitées, l'angle du dièdre que forme l'âme de part et d'autre de la ligne de pliage est voisin de 105°, valeur qui conduit au meilleur compromis hauteur de la palplanche/largeur de la palplanche et qui, par suite, permet d'obtenir les meilleures valeurs de modules de résistance.For all of the aforementioned variants, the angle of the dihedral formed by the core on either side of the fold line is close to 105 °, a value which leads to the best compromise between the height of the sheet pile / width of the sheet pile and which , therefore, provides the best values of resistance modules.

Naturellement, la présente invention a également pour objet tout rideau de palplanches essentiellement constitué à partir des palplanches selon l'invention, enclenchées tête-bêche.Naturally, the present invention also relates to any sheet pile curtain essentially constituted from sheet piles according to the invention, interlocked head to tail.

Pour mieux faire comprendre les objets de la présente invention, on va décrire ci-après, à titre d'exemples purement illustratifs et non limitatifs, des modes de réalisation préférés en référence aux dessins schématiques annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe transversale de la palplanche à boucles à section en Ω actuellement employée,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe transversale d'une première variante de la palplanche selon l'invention, avant pliage,
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe transversale de la palplanche de la figure 2 après pliage, prête à l'emploi,
  • la figure 4 est une vue à plus grande échelle de la palplanche représentée à la figure 2,
  • la figure 5 est une vue à plus grande échelle de la palplanche pliée de la figure 3, renversée de 180°,
  • la figure 6 est une vue de détail du verrou enclenché obtenu par coopération de la boucle mâle de la palplanche des figures 3 et 5 avec la boucle femelle d'une palplanche pliée du même type,
  • la figure 7 est une vue en coupe transversale de trois palplanches du type de celle de la figure 3 assemblées,
  • la figure 8 est une vue en coupe transversale montrant plusieurs palplanches finies, obtenues à partir de celle de la figure 2, pliées à des hauteurs différentes et permettant par suite d'obtenir des modules de résistance différents,
  • la figure 9 est une vue en coupe transversale d'une autre variante de réalisation de palplanche,
  • la figure 10 est une vue de détail du verrou obtenu après assemblage de deux palplanches selon la figure 9,
  • la figure 11 est une vue en coupe transversale de l'assemblage de trois palplanches du type de celle représentée à la figure 9,
  • la figure 12 est une vue en coupe transversale d'une troisième variante de réalisation de palplanche,
  • la figure 13 est une vue de détail du verrou obtenu après assemblage de deux palplanches selon la figure 12, et
  • la figure 14 est une vue en coupe transversale de l'assemblage de trois palplanches du type de celle représentée à la figure 12.
In order to better understand the objects of the present invention, there will be described below, by way of purely illustrative and nonlimiting examples, preferred embodiments with reference to the appended schematic drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the pile sheet pile with Ω section currently used,
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a first variant of the sheet pile according to the invention, before folding,
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the sheet pile of FIG. 2 after folding, ready for use,
  • FIG. 4 is a view on a larger scale of the sheet pile shown in FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the folded sheet pile of FIG. 3, inverted by 180 °,
  • FIG. 6 is a detailed view of the engaged lock obtained by cooperation of the male loop of the sheet pile of FIGS. 3 and 5 with the female loop of a folded sheet pile of the same type,
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of three sheet piles of the type of that of FIG. 3 assembled,
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing several finished sheet piles, obtained from that of FIG. 2, bent to different heights and consequently making it possible to obtain different resistance modules,
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of another alternative embodiment of a sheet pile,
  • FIG. 10 is a detail view of the lock obtained after assembly of two sheet piles according to FIG. 9,
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly of three sheet piles of the type shown in FIG. 9,
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a third alternative embodiment of a sheet pile,
  • FIG. 13 is a detail view of the lock obtained after assembly of two sheet piles according to FIG. 12, and
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly of three sheet piles of the type shown in FIG. 12.

On voit que l'on a représenté à la figure 1 une palplanche traditionnelle (1) à boucles, a section en Ω, destinée à réaliser un rideau par verrouillage sur d'autres palplanches du même type, telles celles représentées en pointillés en (2) à gauche de la palplanche (1) et en (3) à droite de la palplanche (1).We see that we have shown in Figure 1 a traditional sheet pile (1) with loops, section in Ω, intended to make a curtain by locking on other sheet piles of the same type, such as those shown in dotted lines in (2 ) to the left of the sheet pile (1) and at (3) to the right of the sheet pile (1).

Chaque palplanche (1, 2, 3) comporte deux boucles, formées chacune le long d'un bord longitudinal du profilé, une boucle (4) encore dénommée "boucle dure" car elle présente un arrondi très accentué, et une boucle (5) encore dénommée "boucle douce" pour être plus faiblement arrondie. Les boucles (4) et (5), chacune en forme de crochets, ont des profils complémentaires de façon à pouvoir coopérer et se verrouiller, respectivement sur la boucle (5) de la palplanche (3) et sur la boucle (4) de la palplanche (2).Each sheet pile (1, 2, 3) has two loops, each formed along a longitudinal edge of the profile, a loop (4) also called "hard loop" because it has a very accentuated roundness, and a loop (5) also called "soft loop" to be more weakly rounded. The loops (4) and (5), each in the form of hooks, have complementary profiles so as to be able to cooperate and lock, respectively on the loop (5) of the sheet pile (3) and on the loop (4) of the sheet pile (2).

De profilage, les boucles (4) et (5) sont formées d'un côté et de l'autre de la tôle, la boucle (4) étant légèrement rehaussée par un pli (6), en direction inverse de celle de sa formation, de manière à être située à la même hauteur que la boucle (5) relativement au plan de la tôle.For profiling, the loops (4) and (5) are formed on one side and the other of the sheet, the loop (4) being slightly raised by a fold (6), in the opposite direction to that of its formation. , so as to be located at the same height as the loop (5) relative to the plane of the sheet.

De profilage également, la tôle est déformée dans sa partie centrale, le long des plis longitudinaux (7, 8, 9, 10), de façon à former un dôme dont le sommet (11) est un plateau. Dans cette réalisation de palplanches à section en Ω, le plan passant par les boucles (4) et (5) est donc parallèle au plateau (11) du dôme. Au surplus, de par la forme donnée par profilage aux boucles (4) et (5), l'enclenchement de toute palplanche avec une palplanche adjacente du même type se réalise obligatoirement en disposant les palplanches parallèles l'une à l'autre, ainsi qu'il a été représenté à la figure 1. L'axe neutre (12) du rideau de palplanches (1-3) passe donc sensiblement à équidistance du plan des plateaux (11) et du plan parallèle passant par les boucles (4) et (5) des multiples palplanches enclenchées.Also profiling, the sheet is deformed in its central part, along the longitudinal folds (7, 8, 9, 10), so as to form a dome whose top (11) is a plate. In this embodiment of sheet piles with Ω section, the plane passing through the loops (4) and (5) is therefore parallel to the plate (11) of the dome. In addition, due to the shape given by profiling to the loops (4) and (5), the engagement of any sheet pile with an adjacent sheet pile of the same type is necessarily carried out by placing the sheet piles parallel to each other, thus it has been shown in Figure 1. The neutral axis (12) of the sheet pile wall (1-3) therefore passes substantially equidistant from the plane of the plates (11) and the parallel plane passing through the loops (4) and (5) multiple interlocked sheet piles.

La largeur de la tôle à partir de laquelle a été profilée chaque palplanche (1) étant limitée, d'une part, les boucles (4) et (5) devant nécessairement être situées du même côté par rapport à l'axe neutre (12) d'autre part, on comprend que le module de résistance de chaque palplanche (1) soit obligatoirement peu élevé puisque, par construction, la hauteur de ladite palplanche est obligatoirement limitée.The width of the sheet from which each sheet pile (1) has been profiled being limited, on the one hand, the loops (4) and (5) must necessarily be located on the same side with respect to the neutral axis (12 ) on the other hand, it is understood that the resistance modulus of each sheet pile (1) is necessarily low since, by construction, the height of said sheet pile is necessarily limited.

La palplanche à boucles latérales ouvertes complémentaires selon l'invention a pour particularités de posséder une boucle mâle et une boucle femelle formées du même côté de la tôle lors de l'opération de profilage, et telles que les ouvertures (36) et (37) des boucles, respectivement femelle et mâle, se font face.The sheet pile with complementary open side loops according to the invention has the particularity of having a male loop and a female loop formed on the same side of the sheet during the profiling operation, and such as the openings (36) and (37). loops, female and male respectively, face each other.

Il a été représenté sur les figures 2 à 8 une première variante de palplanche (13) répondant aux particularités précitées.There is shown in Figures 2 to 8 a first sheet pile variant (13) meeting the aforementioned features.

De profilage, il est formé sur les bords longitudinaux de la tôle une boucle femelle (14) et une boucle mâle (15) dont les profils sont conjugués et complémentaires. Le profil de la boucle femelle s'étend, depuis la partie (16) de l'âme (17) qui la borde, selon un arrondi (22) sur environ 3/4 de cercle. Depuis la partie (18) de l'âme (17) qui la borde, le profil de la boucle mâle (15) forme un premier arrondi (19) légèrement supérieur à 1/4 de cercle, prolongé par un plat (20) lui-même prolongé par un second arrondi (21) s'étendant sur environ 5/8 de cercle.For profiling, a female loop (14) and a male loop (15) are formed on the longitudinal edges of the sheet metal, the profiles of which are conjugate and complementary. The profile of the female loop extends from the part (16) of the core (17) which borders it, in a rounding (22) over approximately 3/4 of a circle. From the part (18) of the core (17) which borders it, the profile of the male loop (15) forms a first rounded (19) slightly greater than 1/4 of a circle, extended by a flat (20) - even extended by a second round (21) extending over approximately 5/8 of a circle.

Lors de leur verrouillage, les boucles (14) et (15) coopèrent principalement par l'arrondi de la boucle femelle et par le second arrondi de la boucle mâle. En conséquence, le rayon extérieur du second arrondi (21) de la boucle mâle (15) est légèrement inférieur ou au plus égal, au jeu près, au rayon intérieur de l'arrondi (22) de la boucle femelle (14). De plus, la boucle mâle (15) est placée en surplomb de l'extrémité (18) de l'âme (17) d'une hauteur (H) égale à environ 103 % du diamètre intérieur de l'arrondi de la boucle femelle.When they are locked, the loops (14) and (15) cooperate mainly by the rounding of the female loop and by the second rounding of the male loop. Consequently, the outside radius of the second rounding (21) of the male loop (15) is slightly less than or at most equal, apart from the clearance, the inside radius of the rounding (22) of the female loop (14). In addition, the male loop (15) is placed overhanging the end (18) of the core (17) with a height (H) equal to approximately 103% of the inside diameter of the rounding of the female loop. .

Pour son emploi, en vue de participer à la réalisation d'un rideau de palplanches, tel que représenté sur la figure 7, chaque palplanche (13) présente également sur son âme (17) une ligne de pliage longitudinale (23), réalisée par exemple soit à l'aide de galets, lors des dernières étapes de l'opération de profilage des boucles (14) et (15), soit à l'aide de tout outil approprié, par exemple un profileur, des galets, ou une plieuse placés immédiatement en aval de la ligne de profilage. De sorte qu'après pliage la palplanche selon l'invention respecte sa propriété première qui est d'être de section constante sur toute sa longueur, le pli (23) s'étend parallèlement aux boucles (14) et (15) et au surplus forme un dièdre d'angle constant ; selon une autre des particularités de l'invention, l'angle α de ce dièdre est obtus et ouvert en direction des boucles (14) et (15).For its use, with a view to participating in the production of a sheet pile curtain, as shown in FIG. 7, each sheet pile (13) also has on its core (17) a longitudinal fold line (23), produced by example either using rollers, during the last stages of the operation of profiling the loops (14) and (15), or using any suitable tool, for example a profiler, rollers, or a folder placed immediately downstream of the profiling line. So that after folding the sheet pile according to the invention respects its primary property which is to be of constant section over its entire length, the fold (23) extends parallel to the loops (14) and (15) and in addition forms a dihedral with a constant angle; according to another of the features of the invention, the angle α of this dihedral is obtuse and open in the direction of the loops (14) and (15).

Par construction, l'angle aigu β que forme le plat (20) de la boucle mâle (15) avec l'âme (17) de la palplanche (13) et l'angle obtus α que présente l'âme (17) de part et d'autre de son pli (23) sont supplémentaires. Ainsi, le plat (20) et la partie (16) de l'âme (17) qui borde la boucle femelle (14) sont parallèles.By construction, the acute angle β formed by the flat (20) of the male loop (15) with the core (17) of the sheet pile (13) and the obtuse angle α which the core (17) of on either side of its fold (23) are additional. Thus, the plate (20) and the part (16) of the core (17) which borders the female loop (14) are parallel.

Le compromis hauteur de la palplanche/largeur de la palplanche qui permet d'obtenir les meilleures valeurs de modules de résistance pour toute palplanche (13), profilée et pliée pour respecter l'ensemble des particularités précitées, est obtenu par la prévision d'un angle α égal à 105° et d'un agle β égal à 75°.The compromise between the height of the sheet pile and the width of the sheet pile, which makes it possible to obtain the best values of resistance moduli for any sheet pile (13), shaped and bent to respect all of the above-mentioned particularities, is obtained by the provision of a angle α equal to 105 ° and an agle β equal to 75 °.

Pour exemple, on a réalisé à partir d'une tôle de 1160 mm de largeur et de 10 mm d'épaisseur une palplanche (13) présentant les profils de boucles suivants :

  • l'arrondi (22) de la boucle femelle (14) s'étend sur exactement 3/4 de cercle, le rayon intérieur dudit arrondi étant de 32 mm ;
  • le premier arrondi (19) de la boucle mâle (15) s'étend selon un rayon intérieur de 15 mm sur 7/24 de cercle de sorte que le plat (20) qui le prolonge fait un angle de 75° avec l'âme (17); le plat (20) a une hauteur de 25 mm et est prolongé par le second arrondi (21) qui s'étend selon exactement 5/8 de cercle avec un rayon extérieur égal à 30 mm.
For example, a sheet pile (13) having the following loop profiles was produced from a sheet 1160 mm wide and 10 mm thick.
  • the rounding (22) of the female loop (14) extends over exactly 3/4 of a circle, the internal radius of said rounding being 32 mm;
  • the first rounding (19) of the male loop (15) extends according to an internal radius of 15 mm on 7/24 of a circle so that the dish (20) which extends it makes an angle of 75 ° with the core (17); the dish (20) has a height of 25 mm and is extended by the second rounded (21) which extends in exactly 5/8 of a circle with an outside radius equal to 30 mm.

La tôle ainsi profilée présente une largeur hors tout de 854 mm, la distance séparant en projection sur l'âme (17) le centre de l'arrondi de la boucle femelle (14) et le centre du premier arrondi (19) de la boucle mâle (15) étant de 802 mm.The sheet metal thus profiled has an overall width of 854 mm, the distance separating in projection onto the core (17) the center of the rounding of the female loop (14) and the center of the first rounding (19) of the loop male (15) being 802 mm.

En fin de profilage, ou à la sortie de la ligne de profilage, la tôle ainsi profilée est pliée au niveau de son âme de façon à former un pli (23) ouvert de 105° en direction des deux boucles (14) et (15).At the end of profiling, or at the exit of the profiling line, the sheet thus profiled is folded at the level of its core so as to form a fold (23) open by 105 ° in the direction of the two loops (14) and (15 ).

Le pli (23) peut être formé longitudinalement en n'importe quel point de l'âme (17) situé entre les boucles (14) et (15), en respectant toutefois une hauteur minimum de 10 mm pour la partie (16) (ou pour la partie (18)) séparant le pli (23) de la boucle (14) (ou respectivement (15)) la plus proche, de façon à autoriser une manipulation de la palplanche pliée et un battage de cette palplanche dans le sol qui soient faciles.The fold (23) can be formed longitudinally in any which point of the core (17) located between the loops (14) and (15), while respecting a minimum height of 10 mm for the part (16) (or for the part (18)) separating the fold (23 ) of the nearest loop (14) (or respectively (15)), so as to allow easy handling of the folded sheet pile and threshing of this sheet pile.

Il a été représenté sur la figure 8 cinq palplanches profilées et pliées selon l'exemple précité, lesdites palplanches se distinguant chacune par la position de leur pli (23) relativement aux boucles (14) et (15). A l'aide de ces variantes de pliage, on comprend que l'on peut réaliser une gamme de palplanches (13) dont les modules de résistance diffèrent selon une plage très importante et que, par suite, il est possible de répondre avec une très grande précision à tous les besoins, en employant les palplanches (13) présentant l'inertie demandée. La largeur du mur de palplanches ainsi que le nombre de ces palplanches par mètre linéaire du mur, et par suite les caractéristiques mécaniques de ce mur, sont en effet des fonctions exclusives de la largeur et de l'épaisseur de la tôle de départ et de la position du pli (23) relativement aux boucles (14) et (15).FIG. 8 shows five profiled and folded sheet piles according to the above example, said sheet piles each distinguished by the position of their fold (23) relative to the loops (14) and (15). With the help of these folding variants, it is understood that a range of sheet piles (13) can be produced, the resistance modules of which differ according to a very large range and that, as a result, it is possible to respond with a very high precision for all needs, using sheet piles (13) with the required inertia. The width of the sheet pile wall as well as the number of these sheet piles per linear meter of the wall, and consequently the mechanical characteristics of this wall, are in fact exclusive functions of the width and the thickness of the starting sheet and the position of the fold (23) relative to the loops (14) and (15).

Pour exemples, à partir d'une tôle de 1160 mm de largeur et de 10 mm d'épaisseur, on peut construire un rideau à l'aide des palplanches (13) représentées sur la figure 8 dont le module de résistance par mètre linéaire est:

  • de 7237 cm³ en formant un pli (23) à 672,2 mm de la boucle mâle (15),
  • de 5182 cm³ en formant le pli à 567,9 mm, et
  • de 1000 cm³ en formant le pli à 175,6 mm.
For examples, from a sheet of 1160 mm wide and 10 mm thick, we can build a curtain using sheet piles (13) shown in Figure 8 whose modulus of resistance per linear meter is :
  • 7237 cm³ by forming a fold (23) at 672.2 mm from the male loop (15),
  • 5,182 cm³ by forming the fold at 567.9 mm, and
  • of 1000 cm³ forming the fold to 175.6 mm.

Autrement dit, connaissant le module idéal de l'ouvrage à réaliser, il est aisément possible de déterminer quelle est en largeur et en épaisseur la palplanche (13) de l'invention la plus adaptée aux besoins du maître d'oeuvre, en jouant au surplus sur la position du pli (23) relativement aux boucles (14) et (15).In other words, knowing the ideal module of the structure to be made, it is easily possible to determine what is in width and in thickness the sheet pile (13) of the invention most suited to the needs of the project manager, by playing surplus on the position of the fold (23) relative to the loops (14) and (15).

La construction d'un rideau à partir des palplanches (13) de l'invention s'obtient en enclenchant lesdites palplanches tête-bêche, ainsi qu'il apparaît sur la représentation d'ensemble de la figure 7. Après battage d'une première palplanche, par exemple celle représentée hachurée, on commence la construction du rideau en associant à cette première palplanche une palplanche (13) de même configuration, que l'on retourne de 180° de sorte à faire pénétrer la boucle mâle (15) de la deuxième palplanche dans la boucle femelle (14) de la première palplanche.The construction of a curtain from the sheet piles (13) of the invention is obtained by engaging said sheet pile head to tail, as it appears in the overall representation of Figure 7. After threshing of a first sheet pile, for example the one shown hatched, the construction of the curtain is started by associating with this first sheet pile a sheet pile (13) of the same configuration, which is turned 180 ° so as to penetrate the male loop (15) of the second sheet pile in the female loop (14) of the first sheet pile.

A l'aide des profils (14) et (15) décrits ci-dessus, l'emboîtement boucle mâle-boucle femelle se caractérise en ce que, après enclenchement, les boucles (14) et (15) présentent entre elles au moins trois zones de contact.Using the profiles (14) and (15) described above, the male buckle-female buckle nesting is characterized in that, after engagement, the loops (14) and (15) have at least three contact zones between them.

En se reportant à la figure 6, on voit que ces contacts s'établissent simultanément :

  • a) par le point extrême extérieur (24) de la boucle mâle (15) en appui sur un point (25) de la paroi intérieure (26) de l'arrondi de la boucle femelle (14),
  • b) par le plat intermédiaire (20) de la boucle mâle en appui sur la partie (16) de l'âme (17) qui borde la boucle femelle (14),
  • c) par l'extrémité (27) de la paroi extérieure de la boucle femelle (14) en appui sur la partie (18) de l'âme (17) qui borde la boucle mâle (15).
Referring to FIG. 6, it can be seen that these contacts are established simultaneously:
  • a) by the outer end point (24) of the male loop (15) bearing on a point (25) of the inner wall (26) of the rounding of the female loop (14),
  • b) by the intermediate plate (20) of the male loop bearing on the part (16) of the core (17) which borders the female loop (14),
  • c) by the end (27) of the outer wall of the female loop (14) bearing on the part (18) of the core (17) which borders the male loop (15).

Grâce à ces trois zones de contact, on forme donc entre deux boucles femelle (14) et mâle (15) enclenchées une chambre longitudinale (28) parfaitement close, dans laquelle on peut en conséquence injecter un produit d'étanchéité, tel un ciment ou une résine. A la différence des techniques actuelles, qui ne permettent pas de former entre deux boucles enclenchées une chambre parfaitement close, d'où une perte importante du produit d'étanchéité injecté qui s'écoule dans le terrain renforcé par les palplanches par les différents interstices longitudinaux existant au niveau de chaque enclenchement, la mise en oeuvre des palplanches selon l'invention permet donc une injection de produit d'étanchéité sans aucun gaspillage.Thanks to these three contact zones, a perfectly closed longitudinal chamber (28) is formed between two female (14) and male (15) loops, in which one can therefore inject a sealant, such as a cement or a resin. Unlike current techniques, which do not make it possible to form a perfectly closed chamber between two engaged loops, resulting in a significant loss of the injected sealant which flows into the ground reinforced by the sheet piles by the various longitudinal interstices existing at each interlocking, the implementation of sheet piles according to the invention therefore allows an injection of sealant without any waste.

En outre, la section de la chambre (28) est telle que, en cas de nécessité, elle permet l'introduction dans chaque enclenchement boucle mâle-boucle femelle d'une barre ou d'un tube de renforcement permettant d'améliorer encore les caractéristiques de résistance du rideau constitué à partir des palplanches (13) enclenchées tête-bêche.In addition, the section of the chamber (28) is such that, if necessary, it allows the introduction into each engagement male buckle-female loop of a bar or a reinforcing tube allowing to further improve the resistance characteristics of the curtain formed from sheet piles (13) interlocked head to tail.

La palplanche (13) présente un autre avantage inhérent aux profils donnés aux boucles (14) et (15).The sheet pile (13) has another advantage inherent in the profiles given to the loops (14) and (15).

Du fait des configurations des arrondis (21) et (22) d'une part, et du rapport de l'ordre de 85/100 à 95/100 prévu avantageusement entre le rayon extérieur de l'arrondi (21) et le rayon intérieur de l'arrondi (22), d'autre part, le verrou constitué par une boucle mâle emboîtée dans une boucle femelle est mobile en rotation autour d'un axe longitudinal en-deçà de sa position d'enclenchement concrétisée par sa mise en contact des trois zones précitées. Le débattement γ autorisé est de l'ordre de 38°, ainsi qu'il est visible à la figure 6.Due to the configurations of the roundings (21) and (22) on the one hand, and the ratio of the order of 85/100 to 95/100 advantageously provided between the outside radius of the rounding (21) and the inside radius of the rounding (22), on the other hand, the lock constituted by a male loop fitted into a female loop is movable in rotation about a longitudinal axis below its engagement position concretized by its contacting of the above three areas. The authorized γ travel is of the order of 38 °, as shown in Figure 6.

Cette liberté en rotation peut être largement exploitée lors de l'opération de battage des palplanches (13) en vue de la réalisation d'un rideau, opération pour laquelle il est d'usage de délimiter au préalable en largeur le rideau à construire à l'aide de barres de bois ou de profils métalliques posés à plat sur le terrain et schématisés en (29) en traits mixtes à la figure 7.This freedom in rotation can be widely exploited during the pile driving operation (13) for the production of a curtain, an operation for which it is customary to delimit in width beforehand. the curtain to be constructed using wooden bars or metal profiles laid flat on the ground and shown schematically in (29) in phantom in Figure 7.

Après emboîtement de la boucle mâle de la palplanche (13) à mettre en place dans la boucle femelle de la palplanche déjà battue, la palplanche à battre peut en effet occuper n'importe quelle position entre celle représentée en traits mixtes à la figure 6 et celle représentée en traits pleins à la même figure, qui l'une et l'autre constituent les positions limites de la boucle mâle à l'intérieur de la boucle femelle. Ce n'est qu'en fin de battage que la deuxième palplanche est pivotée et amenée jusqu'à sa position d'enclenchement idéale, représentée en traits pleins, ainsi qu'il est schématisé par les flèches (30), jusqu'à la mise en contact de la boucle mâle et de la boucle femelle par les trois zones qui caractérisent l'enclenchement comme il a été vu précédemment.After fitting the male loop of the sheet pile (13) to be put into place in the female loop of the already beaten sheet pile, the sheet pile to be beaten can indeed occupy any position between that shown in dashed lines in FIG. 6 and that shown in solid lines in the same figure, which both constitute the limit positions of the male loop inside the female loop. It is only at the end of threshing that the second sheet pile is pivoted and brought to its ideal engagement position, shown in solid lines, as shown by the arrows (30), until the contacting of the male loop and the female loop by the three zones which characterize the engagement as it was seen previously.

Dans cette position d'enclenchement idéale, le centre (31) du second arrondi (21) de la boucle mâle (15) et le centre (32) de l'arrondi (22) de la boucle femelle ne sont pas confondus.In this ideal engagement position, the center (31) of the second rounding (21) of the male loop (15) and the center (32) of the rounding (22) of the female loop are not merged.

Il a été représenté sur les figures 9 à 11 une variante (113) de la palplanche (13) précitée, variante qui constitue la limite supérieure des différentes configurations que l'on peut donner a l'assemblage boucle mâle-boucle femelle de la palplanche (13) puisque, au jeu près, le rayon extérieur du second arrondi (121) de la boucle mâle (115) est égal au rayon intérieur de l'arrondi (122) de la boucle femelle (114).A variant (113) of the aforementioned sheet pile (13) has been shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, a variant which constitutes the upper limit of the various configurations which can be given to the male loop-female loop assembly of the sheet pile. (13) since, apart from play, the outside radius of the second rounding (121) of the male loop (115) is equal to the inside radius of the rounding (122) of the female loop (114).

Dans cette variante, à l'exception de la hauteur du plat intermédiaire (120), qui est portée à la valeur du rayon extérieur de l'arrondi (121), et du rayon intérieur du premier arrondi (119) qui est porté aux 3/5 du rayon extérieur de l'arrondi (121), toutes les caractéristiques données quant à la configuration de la palplanche (13) se retrouvent dans la palplanche (113), et notamment : l'angle α du pli (123) égal à 105° ; l'angle β égal à 75° ; le profil de la boucle femelle (114) qui s'étend selon un arrondi (122) sur environ 3/4 de cercle ; le profil de la boucle mâle (115) qui comprend un premier arrondi (119) qui s'étend sur 7/24 de cercle et le second arrondi (121) qui s'étend sur environ 5/8 de cercle.In this variant, with the exception of the height of the intermediate plate (120), which is brought to the value of the outside radius of the rounding (121), and the inside radius of the first rounding (119) which is brought to the 3 / 5 of the external radius of the rounding (121), all the characteristics given as for the configuration of the sheet pile (13) are found in the sheet pile (113), and in particular: the angle α of the fold (123) equal to 105 °; the angle β equal to 75 °; the profile of the female loop (114) which extends in a rounded shape (122) over approximately 3/4 of a circle; the profile of the male loop (115) which comprises a first rounded (119) which extends over 7/24 of a circle and the second rounded (121) which extends over approximately 5/8 of a circle.

Dans cette variante, le contact lors de l'emboîtement bouche mâle (115)-bouche femelle (114), visible en détail à la figure 10, se réalise au niveau des arrondis (121) et (122), par le plat intermédiaire (120) de la boucle mâle en appui sur la partie (116) de l'âme (117) de la palplanche qui borde la boucle femelle et par l'extrémité (127) de la bouche femelle en appui sur la partie (118) de l'âme qui borde la bouche mâle.In this variant, the contact during the fitting of the male mouth (115) - female mouth (114), visible in detail in FIG. 10, takes place at the rounded points (121) and (122), by the intermediate plate ( 120) of the male loop bearing on the part (116) of the core (117) of the sheet pile which borders the female loop and by the end (127) of the female mouth bearing on the part (118) of the soul that borders the male mouth.

Les avantages de la palplanche (113) sur la palplanche (13) sont essentiellement de deux ordres : l'étanchéité au niveau de chaque emboîtement est améliorée, puisque les zones en contact sont plus étendues, et la chambre (128) est d'une section notablement supérieure, permettant des renforcements plus importants.The advantages of the sheet pile (113) over the sheet pile (13) are essentially of two types: the tightness at each socket is improved, since the areas in contact are more extensive, and the chamber (128) is of a noticeably higher section, allowing greater reinforcement.

En revanche, l'inconvénient de la palplanche (113) relativement à la palplanche (13) réside en ce que l'emboîtement ne peut être réalisé que dans une seule position, celle de l'enclenchement, et qu'il n'est pas possible de faire pivoter la deuxième palplanche en cours de battage relativement à la première palplanche déjà mise en place.On the other hand, the disadvantage of the sheet pile (113) relative to the sheet pile (13) lies in that the interlocking can only be carried out in one position, that of the engagement, and that it is not possible to rotate the second sheet pile during threshing relative to the first sheet pile already in place.

Il a été représenté aux figures 12 à 14 une troisième variante de palplanche (213) conforme à l'invention, variante dans laquelle le profil de la boucle mâle (215) s'étend selon un arrondi (233) sur au moins 3/4 de cercle et le profil de la boucle femelle (214) forme un arrondi (234) sur au moins 1/2 cercle et est prolongé par un plat (235).A third variant of sheet pile (213) according to the invention has been shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, a variant in which the profile of the male loop (215) extends in a rounded shape (233) over at least 3/4 of circle and the profile of the female loop (214) forms a rounding (234) on at least 1/2 circle and is extended by a flat (235).

Dans cette variante, le rayon extérieur de l'arrondi (233) est au jeu près avantageusement égal au rayon intérieur de l'arrondi (234). De plus, l'angle aigu δ que forme le plat (235) de la boucle femelle avec la partie (216) de l'âme (217) qui borde ladite boucle femelle et l'angle obtus α que présente l'âme (217) de part et d'autre de sa ligne de pliage (223) sont supplémentaires. Au surplus, le plat (235) est formé en bout de l'arrondi (234) de sorte que la largeur hors tout (L) de la boucle femelle (214) est égale au diamètre extérieur de la boucle mâle (233).In this variant, the outside radius of the rounding (233) is at play almost advantageously equal to the inside radius of the rounding (234). In addition, the acute angle δ formed by the flat (235) of the female loop with the part (216) of the core (217) which borders said female loop and the obtuse angle α presented by the core (217 ) on either side of its fold line (223) are additional. In addition, the flat (235) is formed at the end of the round (234) so that the overall width ( L ) of the female loop (214) is equal to the outside diameter of the male loop (233).

Compte tenu de ces configurations, l'enclenchement boucle mâle-boucle femelle représenté en détail à la figure 13 se caractérise en ce que lesdites boucles sont en contact par les arrondis (233) et (234) et par le plat (235) de la boucle femelle en appui sur la partie (218) de l'âme (217) qui borde la boucle mâle.Given these configurations, the engagement male buckle-female loop shown in detail in Figure 13 is characterized in that said loops are in contact by the rounded (233) and (234) and by the flat (235) of the female loop resting on the part (218) of the core (217) which borders the male loop.

Comme la palplanche (113), la palplanche (213) a pour avantages d'assurer la formation d'un verrou totalement étanche et d'une chambre (228) d'une section importante qui permet l'introduction dans chaque verrou de larges tubes ou barres de renforcement. En revanche, il n'est pas possible de faire pivoter une palplanche en cours de battage relativement à la palplanche dans laquelle elle est emboîtée.Like the sheet pile (113), the sheet pile (213) has the advantages of ensuring the formation of a completely sealed lock and a chamber (228) of a large section which allows the introduction into each lock of large tubes or reinforcing bars. On the other hand, it is not possible to rotate a sheet pile during threshing relative to the sheet pile in which it is fitted.

Naturellement, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation ci-dessus décrits et l'on peut concevoir des variantes des profils précités sans sortir pour autant du cadre de ladite invention défini par les revendications. En particulier, toute palplanche (13, 113, 213) peut être aisément conformée pour constituer un angle dans un rideau de palplanches non rectiligne . Par la simple prévision d'un pli longitudinal supplémentaire de l'âme (17, 117, 217), on réalise en effet une palplanche spéciale, dite "palplanche d'angle" à partir de laquelle peut s'étendre une portion de rideau non alignée avec la première portion du rideau terminée par ladite palplanche d'angle.Naturally, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and it is possible to design variants of the aforementioned profiles without thereby departing from the scope of said invention defined by the claims. In particular, any sheet pile (13, 113, 213) can be easily shaped to form an angle in a non-straight sheet pile wall. By simply providing an additional longitudinal fold of the core (17, 117, 217), a special sheet pile is made, called a "corner sheet pile" from which a portion of non-curtain can extend. aligned with the first portion of the curtain ended by said corner sheet pile.

Claims (16)

  1. A method of forming a metal piling sheet (13,113,213) of the type having two complementary open lateral coupling flanges connected by a central non-planar web, the coupling flanges being respectively referred to as a "female flange" (14,114,214) and a "male flange" (15,115,215) and being formed by a shaping operation, each on a longitudinal edge of a metal plate, from the same side of the plate and such that their openings (37,36) face each other, the said method being characterised in that, at the end of or after this shaping operation, the web (17,117,217) of the plate is folded along a single line (23,123,223) which extends longitudinally and parallel to the flanges, the web then defining a dihedral of which the angle α is obtuse and open in the direction of the openings of the flanges.
  2. A shaped metal piling sheet of the type having two complementary open lateral coupling flanges referred to as a male flange and a female flange and connected by a central non-planar web, the said piling sheet (13,113,213) being obtained by the method according to claim 1 and being intended, by juxtaposition with other piling sheets of the said type with interlocking of each of the two flanges of each piling sheet in a complementary flange of each adjacent piling sheet, to form a screen, particularly a screen with a high modulus of resistance, the male flange (15,115,215) and the female flange (14,114,214) being provided on the same side of the web (17,117,217), the said piling sheet being characterised in that the said web has a single longitudinal fold line (23,123,223) which extends parallel to the flanges, the web defining a dihedral of which the angle α is obtuse and open in the direction of the openings (37,36) of the flanges.
  3. A piling sheet according to claim 2, characterised in that the two male (15,115,215) and female (14,114,214) flanges have conjugate shapes, so that after their interlocking in the respectively complementary flange of an adjacent piling sheet (13,113,213) each male flange-female flange interlocking has at least three contact zones.
  4. A piling sheet according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterised in that the shape of the female flange (14,114) extends as a curve (22,122) for about 3/4 of a circle and in that the shape of male flange (15,115) forms a first curve (19,119) for slightly more than 1/4 of a circle, extended by a flat (20,120) itself extended by a second curve (21,121) extending for about 5/8 of a circle.
  5. A piling sheet according to claim 4, characterised in that the acute angle β which the flat (20,120) of the male flange (15,115) forms with the web (17,117) of the piling sheet and the obtuse angle α which the web presents from one side to the other of the fold line (23,123) are supplementary.
  6. A piling sheet according to claim 4 or claim 5, characterised in that the outside radius of the second curve (121) of the male flange (115) is equal, or at least close, to the inside radius of the curve (122) of the female flange (114), the contact during the male flange-female flange interlocking being made by these curves (121,122), by the intermediate flat (120) of the male flange in abutment on the part (116) of the web (117) of the piling sheet (113) which borders the female flange and by the end (127) of the female flange in abutment on the part (118) of the web of the piling sheet which borders the male flange.
  7. A piling sheet according to claim 4 or claim 5, characterised in that the outside radius of the second curve (21) of the male flange (15) is slightly less than the inside radius of the curve (22) of the female flange (14), the contact during the male flange-female flange interlocking being made by the extreme outside point (24) of the male flange in abutment on a point (25) of the inside wall (26) of the curve (22) of the female flange, by the intermediate flat (20) of the male flange in abutment on the part (16) of the web (17) of the piling sheet (13) which borders the female flange and by the end (27) of the female flange in abutment on the part (18) of the web of the piling sheet which borders the male flange.
  8. A piling sheet according to claim 7, characterised in that the outside radius of the second curve (21) of the male flange (15) is of the order of 85/100 to 95/100 of the inside radius of the curve (22) of the female flange (14).
  9. A piling sheet according to claim 7 or claim 8, characterised in that the height of the intermediate flat (20) of the male flange (15) is substantially equal to 5/6 of the outside diameter of the second curve (21) of the said male flange.
  10. A piling sheet according to claim 7, claim 8 or claim 9, characterised in that the inside radius of the first curve (19) of the male flange (15) is substantially equal to half the outside radius of the second curve (21) of the said male flange.
  11. A piling sheet according to claim 3, characterised in that the shape of the male flange (215) extends as a curve (233) for about 3/4 of a circle and in that the shape of the female flange (214) forms a curve (234) for at least 1/2 a circle extended by a flat (235).
  12. A piling sheet according to claim 11, characterised in that the acute angle δ which the flat (235) of the female flange (214) forms with the web (216) of the piling sheet and the obtuse angle α which the web (217) presents from one side to the other of the fold line (223) are supplementary.
  13. A piling sheet according to claim 11 or claim 12, characterised in that the flat (235) is formed at the end of the curve (234) so that the overall width of the female flange (214) is equal to the outside diameter of the male flange (233).
  14. A piling sheet according to claim 11, claim 12 or claim 13, characterised in that the outside radius of the curve (233) of the male flange (215) is equal, or at least close, to the inside radius of the curve (234) of the female flange (214), the contact during the male flange-female flange interlocking being made by these curves (233,234), and by the flat (235) of the female flange in abutment on the part (218) of the web (217) of the piling sheet which borders the male flange.
  15. A piling sheet according to any one of claims 2 to 13, characterised in that the angled α of the dihedral which the web (17,117,217) forms from one side to the other of the fold line (23,123,223) is of the order of 105°.
  16. A piling sheet screen characterised in that it is essentially constituted of piling sheets (13,113,213) according to any one of claims 2 to 15 interlocked side-by-side, the two respectively male (15,115,215) and female (14,114,214) flanges of each piling sheet constituting the said screen being placed on opposite sides of its neutral axis (12).
EP88402785A 1987-11-06 1988-11-04 Profiled sheet metal pilings with complementary lateral open coupling flanges, and cut-off walls made of said pilings Expired - Lifetime EP0315548B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88402785T ATE101221T1 (en) 1987-11-06 1988-11-04 PROFILE SHEET PILES WITH COMPLEMENTARY LATERAL OPEN LOCK HOOKS AND SHEET PILE WALLS COMPOSITE OF THESE SHEET PILES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8715460A FR2622908B1 (en) 1987-11-06 1987-11-06 PROFILED METAL PILING WITH ADDITIONAL OPEN SIDE LOOPS, AND CURTAINS MADE FROM SAID PILING
FR8715460 1987-11-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0315548A1 EP0315548A1 (en) 1989-05-10
EP0315548B1 true EP0315548B1 (en) 1994-02-02

Family

ID=9356595

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88402785A Expired - Lifetime EP0315548B1 (en) 1987-11-06 1988-11-04 Profiled sheet metal pilings with complementary lateral open coupling flanges, and cut-off walls made of said pilings

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0315548B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE101221T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3887633D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2622908B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2293189B (en) * 1994-09-13 1998-03-25 David Murray Trench sheet
US7877959B2 (en) * 2002-02-14 2011-02-01 Chin Chai Ong Connector
NL1033195C2 (en) * 2007-01-09 2008-07-10 Halteren Infra B V Van Sheet pile wall, sheet pile profile, lock member and methods for such a sheet pile.
CN106870903A (en) * 2015-12-14 2017-06-20 苏州耀洲金属制品有限公司 Finished product support
CN109502136A (en) * 2018-12-03 2019-03-22 山东金都消防设备有限公司 A kind of detachable cabinet and its transportation resources
WO2020117039A1 (en) * 2018-12-07 2020-06-11 Oriental Castle Sdn Bhd Interlock of sheet pile
US11243012B2 (en) * 2019-11-11 2022-02-08 Clifford Grove Portable heat shield assembly

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR548221A (en) * 1922-02-07 1923-01-10 Improvements to metal sheet pile partitions
US1894012A (en) * 1931-02-05 1933-01-10 Julius R Wemlinger Corrugated sheet piling
GB417773A (en) * 1933-07-27 1934-10-11 Fried Krupp Ag Friedrich Alfre Improvements in or relating to sheet metal piles
US2880589A (en) * 1955-01-25 1959-04-07 Acme Steel Co Sheet metal piling
BE759798A (en) * 1969-12-06 1971-05-17 Krupp Ag Huettenwerke SHEET
GB1602597A (en) * 1978-03-22 1981-11-11 Mabey Hire Co Steel sheet piling

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2622908B1 (en) 1990-02-02
FR2622908A1 (en) 1989-05-12
DE3887633D1 (en) 1994-03-17
ATE101221T1 (en) 1994-02-15
EP0315548A1 (en) 1989-05-10

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