EP0314547A1 - Propulsive charge for munition comprising a finned projectile, and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Propulsive charge for munition comprising a finned projectile, and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0314547A1
EP0314547A1 EP88402640A EP88402640A EP0314547A1 EP 0314547 A1 EP0314547 A1 EP 0314547A1 EP 88402640 A EP88402640 A EP 88402640A EP 88402640 A EP88402640 A EP 88402640A EP 0314547 A1 EP0314547 A1 EP 0314547A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
front part
socket
recess
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88402640A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0314547B1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Guenin
Raymond Mesnil
Joel Leblond
Marie-Christine Paris
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Giat Industries SA
Etat Francais
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Publication date
Application filed by Direction General pour lArmement DGA, Giat Industries SA, Etat Francais filed Critical Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Priority to AT88402640T priority Critical patent/ATE102704T1/en
Publication of EP0314547A1 publication Critical patent/EP0314547A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0314547B1 publication Critical patent/EP0314547B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/18—Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases
    • F42B5/181—Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases consisting of a combustible casing wall and a metal base; Connectors therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/02—Stabilising arrangements
    • F42B10/04—Stabilising arrangements using fixed fins
    • F42B10/06—Tail fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/067—Mounting or locking missiles in cartridge cases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/16—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile characterised by composition or physical dimensions or form of propellant charge, with or without projectile, or powder

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a propellant charge for a munition comprising a feathered projectile, as well as its production method.
  • This process has several flaws: - it causes significant friction of the powder on the matrix and more particularly on the edges of the jaws, which can lead to risks of inflammation during the transfer of the propellant charge into the socket, - It is impossible to penetrate a primer holder tube into the compacted charge obtained.
  • GB-A-2 136 929 describes a munition without a cartridge comprising two distinct and separate parts: a projectile and a propellant charge, the projectile and the propellant charge being successively introduced into the chamber of a weapon at the time of firing.
  • the aim sought here is to provide a family of projectiles of the same caliber whose total length is always equal to that of the propellant charge.
  • This object is achieved by fixing a propellant charge part to the projectile. It then becomes possible to use different types of projectiles of the same caliber in a given weapon. The two parts of the ammunition remain separate.
  • Patent FR-A-2 229 037 describes an arrow munition in which the projectile is made integral with the casing by means of a connecting piece.
  • the free space between the tail and the socket is filled with powder. This space is isolated from the rest of the socket by a partition to prevent its flow.
  • the front part of the load is integrated from the start in the socket.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a propellant charge that is easy to implement, and easily adaptable to different types of ammunition as well as to their ballistic requirements.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a propellant charge for a munition equipped with a tailed projectile, consisting of a front part and a rear part, the front part surrounding the tail of the projectile and the rear part encompassing a means of ignition, characterized in that the rear part is integrated in a socket and has a recess in which is partially or totally engaged the front part to ensure the joining of these two parts.
  • the recess is delimited by the bush alone.
  • the recess is delimited both by the socket and by the rear part of the load.
  • the front part is integrated in a housing applied to the projectile and closed by a cover provided with vents, said housing being fitted in the recess and constituting a means of connection of the front part of the load to the projectile.
  • the housing is fragmentable and / or combustible.
  • the front part consists of a block of propellant powder agglomerated by means of a binder.
  • the front part consists of propellant powder in bulk, held in the housing by means of a fragmentable and / or combustible cover.
  • the front part consists of powder in bundles.
  • the front and rear parts are made of propellant powder of a different nature.
  • the process for manufacturing a propellant charge according to the invention is characterized in that: - the front part of the load and the tail of the projectile are secured, outside the socket, - the rear part of the load is placed in the socket, leaving between the top of the latter and the top of the rear part, a recess such that it allows the front part of the load to be put in place and secured together; from the socket, - the front and rear parts are bonded to secure the projectile and the case.
  • An advantage of the present invention lies in the fact that the mounting of a munition comprising a feathered projectile avoids any friction of powder grains.
  • Another advantage lies in the simplicity of carrying out the loading at reasonable economic conditions.
  • the loading of the ammunition comprises a front element 1a and a rear element 1b.
  • the element contains the tailed projectile 5, of which only the tail unit is shown, and the front part 6 of the load.
  • the element 1b comprises a socket 2 secured to a base 3.
  • An igniter tube 4 of known type is made integral with the base, for example by threading.
  • the socket 2 can be combustible and the metal base.
  • This sleeve receives the rear part 12 of the load either in the form of grain powder or in the form coated with a binder and cast in situ. The sleeve is not completely filled with propellant powder, a height H being provided between the upper surface 13 of the part 12 and the lip 14.
  • a recess 10a is delimited only by the wall of the sleeve 2.
  • the element 1a is in the form of a combustible case 7, made of the same material as that constituting the case, and made integral with the projectile 5 at a circular groove 19.
  • the case 7 is filled with a mass of powder, constituting the front part 6 of the propellant charge, which completely surrounds the tail of the projectile 5, and which is therefore integral with the latter.
  • the housing 7 is closed by a cover 8, of the same material, glued to the housing at the level of a constriction 9 of the latter, and carrying vents 11 whose role will be explained below.
  • the box 7 and the cover 8 thus constitute a means of connection between the front part 6 of the propellant charge and the projectile 5.
  • the housing 7 carries a constriction 10b over a length L; this constriction is substantially adjusted to the internal diameter of the sleeve 2, in order to allow it to be placed in the socket.
  • the values of L and H are chosen in such a way that the projectile 5 carrying the casing 7 and the socket are secured, while respecting the total length desired for the complete munition.
  • the connection is completed by known means, for example by gluing, crimping or riveting.
  • the socket 1 is filled with propellant powder, leaving a recess between the top of the socket and the loading such that the projectile carrying the casing is put in place and that it can be joined to the socket.
  • a munition is obtained, the propellant charge of which comprises at least two parts, the front part 6 of which is integral with the projectile, the connecting means being constituted by the housing and the cover, and which includes the tail unit (here totally).
  • the tail of the projectile is surrounded by powder, so that there is no penetration with contact thereof in the second part of the load which is not secured to the projectile; any risk of ignition is thus still avoided when the projectile, containing the front part of the load, is put in place and secured, with the socket containing the rear part of the load.
  • the implementation of the invention does not cause any disturbance in the ignition of the propellant charge.
  • the box 7 is combustible and the vents 11 facilitate the transmission of flame from the rear part 12 of the load to the front part 6.
  • Figure 2 shows, before securing the shell and the projectile, a munition whose simplified section shows two alternative embodiments of the propellant charge according to the invention.
  • the differences with the embodiment of Figure 1 are only found at the front part 6 of the integral load of the projectile.
  • the rear part 12 of the load is identical to that previously described.
  • the front part 6 of the propellant charge is constituted by a mass of powder agglomerated around the empennage by means of a binder, which thus constitutes the means of connection between this part 6 of the charge and the projectile 5.
  • the process for producing such a mass of powder, the characteristics of the binder and its shaping around the tail unit involve the technique, known to those skilled in the art, of frozen loads and will not be not described in more detail.
  • a housing 7 covering the mass of powder on all or part of its outer surface.
  • the housing will be made of combustible and / or fragmentable material as has already been described.
  • the projectile and the socket are assembled in a similar manner to that already described in connection with FIG. 1.
  • a recess 10a sufficient to allow the projectile and the socket 2 to be put in place and secured together, is provided in the latter.
  • the use of a box 7 will facilitate the joining by gluing or crimping of the cartridge case 2 and projectile 5 while protecting the powder mass. In the absence of a casing, this mass of powder can be covered with a protective varnish against thermoinitiation.
  • the front part 6 of the load it is also possible to design the front part 6 of the load so that it only partially encompasses the tail. A free space will remain in the housing 7, and it will then be useful to have a shim inside the housing in order to maintain the axial symmetry of the first part of the load (which is essential in the case of feathered projectiles of the arrow type ).
  • the advantages from the point of view of safety described in the preamble will be guaranteed by the fact that, thanks to the invention, there is no penetration with contact of the tail in the rear part of the loading which is not secured to the projectile. There is no risk of friction and overheating of the propellant charge during the positioning of the projectile and its attachment to the socket.
  • Figure 3 shows a simplified section of a munition, shown before securing the socket and the projectile, and illustrating another alternative embodiment of the propellant charge according to the invention.
  • the sleeve 2 is metallic and has a frustoconical part 17 at its front part.
  • the rear part 12 of the propellant charge will be produced by the frozen loading technique, the rear part 12 of the charge obtained having a cylindrical housing 16 in the upper part delimiting the recess 10a.
  • the front part 6 of the load also obtained by the frozen loading technique, will have a shape allowing it to adapt in the housing 16.
  • the attachment of the projectile and the socket will be effected by annular crimping of the socket directly on the projectile.
  • the front part of the load is fully integrated in the recess 1a.
  • loading parts of different natures for example, have the powder in grain or bundle inside the housing 7 or else the sleeve; or else associate a frozen loading part with another loading part in grain or bundle, or else provide for a loading comprising more than two parts, for example by filling the casing with two or more layers of propellant charges of nature different, separated or not by wedges.
  • the essential being, that after securing the projectile and the casing, part of the total load is secured to the projectile, includes all or part of the tail and that there is no penetration with contact of the tail in the part or parts of the load which are not secured to the projectile.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Magnetic Heads (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a propulsive charge for ammunition comprising a finned projectile (5), consisting of a front part (6) and of a rear part (12), the front part surrounding the fin unit of the projectile (5) and the rear part (12) enclosing an ignition means (4). The rear part (12) is integrated in a case (2) and has a recess (10a), in which the front part (6) is engaged partially or completely in order to ensure that these two parts are fixed together. The recess (10a) is delimited by the case (2) alone or both by the case (2) and by the rear part (12) of the charge. The front part (6) is integrated in a housing (7) fitted on the projectile (5) and closed by means of a cover (8) having vents (11), said housing being fitted into the recess (10a) and forming a means for connecting the front part (6) of the charge to the projectile (5). The invention is used for ammunition of the finned arrow type. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un chargement pro­pulsif pour une munition comportant un projectile empenné, ainsi que son procédé de réalisation.The present invention relates to a propellant charge for a munition comprising a feathered projectile, as well as its production method.

Les projectiles empennés du type flèche font aujourd'hui partie de la dotation normale en munitions des véhicules blindés, à l'intérieur desquels l'espace est compté. On a donc cherché à réduire l'encombrement de ces mu­nitions sans pour autant nuire à leurs performances, donc sans réduire la quantité de poudre propulsive, ce qui a conduit à noyer l'empennage des projectiles dans le charge­ment propulsif. Pour effectuer ce chargement, deux procédés principaux sont utilisés à ce jour :

  • - le premier consiste à verser la quantité de pou­dre nécessaire dans la douille et à faire pénétrer en force l'empennage du projectile dans celle-ci, cette opération pou­vant éventuellement être facilitée par une mise en vibration de l'empennage. Ce procédé induit de gros risques pyrotechni­ques résultant des inévitables et importantes frictions entre l'empennage et la poudre propulsive. Il est également indis­pensable de prévoir dans la douille un volume libre, au des­sus de la charge propulsive, qui soit supérieur au volume réel occupé par l'empennage, cela afin de permettre le calage du chargement par le projectile.
  • - le second procédé consiste à assembler la douille et le projectile puis à introduire la poudre par l'orifice du tube porte-amorce; ce dernier est ensuite introduit en force dans le chargement, ce qui engendre également de gros risques de mise à feu inopinée dus aux frictions entre la poudre pro­pulsive et le tube porte-amorce qui sont tous les deux des éléments pyrotechniques actifs; ce procédé n'autorise pas par ailleurs l'utilisation de tubes porte-amorces combustibles souples ou relativement flexibles.
The feathered arrow type projectiles are today part of the normal ammunition supply for armored vehicles, within which space is limited. We therefore sought to reduce the size of these munitions without affecting their performance, therefore without reducing the amount of propellant powder, which led to drown the tail of the projectiles in the propellant charge. To carry out this loading, two main processes are used to date:
  • - The first consists of pouring the required quantity of powder into the socket and causing the tail of the projectile to force into it, this operation possibly being facilitated by vibrating the tail. This process induces large pyrotechnic risks resulting from the inevitable and significant friction between the tail and the propellant powder. It is also essential to provide in the socket a free volume, above the propellant charge, which is greater than the actual volume occupied by the tail, in order to allow the loading of the projectile to be stalled.
  • - The second method consists in assembling the case and the projectile then in introducing the powder through the orifice of the primer holder tube; the latter is then forcefully introduced into the load, which also gives rise to great risks of unexpected ignition due to friction between the propellant powder and the primer-carrying tube which are both active pyrotechnic elements; this method does not otherwise allow the use of flexible or relatively flexible combustible primer-carrying tubes.

On connaît par le brevet US-A-4 619 201 un autre procédé de chargement dans lequel on compacte la charge propulsive autour de l'empennage au moyen de mors coulissant dans une matrice crénelée, puis on transfère l'ensemble projectile-charge propulsive dans la douille en le faisant coulisser dans la matrice.We know from US-A-4 619 201 another loading method in which the propellant charge is compacted around the tail by means of jaws sliding in a crenellated matrix, then the projectile-propellant charge assembly is transferred into the sleeve by sliding it into the die.

Ce procédé présente plusieurs défauts :
- il provoque des frottements importants de la pou­dre sur la matrice et plus particulièrement sur les arêtes des mors, ce qui peut entraîner des risques d'inflammation lors du transfert de la charge propulsive dans la douille,
- il est impossible de faire pénétrer un tube porte-amorce dans la charge compactée obtenue.This process has several flaws:
- it causes significant friction of the powder on the matrix and more particularly on the edges of the jaws, which can lead to risks of inflammation during the transfer of the propellant charge into the socket,
- It is impossible to penetrate a primer holder tube into the compacted charge obtained.

Le brevet GB-A- 2 136 929 décrit une munition sans douille comprenant deux parties distinctes et séparées : un projectile et une charge propulsive, le projectile et la charge propulsive étant introduits successivement dans la chambre d'une arme au moment du tir.GB-A-2 136 929 describes a munition without a cartridge comprising two distinct and separate parts: a projectile and a propellant charge, the projectile and the propellant charge being successively introduced into the chamber of a weapon at the time of firing.

Le but recherché ici est de fournir une famille de projectiles de même calibre dont la longueur totale soit tou­jours égale à celle de la charge propulsive.The aim sought here is to provide a family of projectiles of the same caliber whose total length is always equal to that of the propellant charge.

Ce but est atteint en fixant une partie de charge propulsive au projectile. Il devient alors possible d'utiliser différents types de projectiles de même calibre dans une arme donnée. Les deux parties de la munition restent séparées.This object is achieved by fixing a propellant charge part to the projectile. It then becomes possible to use different types of projectiles of the same caliber in a given weapon. The two parts of the ammunition remain separate.

Le brevet FR-A- 2 229 037 décrit une munition flè­che dans laquelle le projectile est rendu solidaire de la douille au moyen d'une pièce de liaison. L'espace libre entre l'empennage et la douille est rempli de poudre. Cet espace est isolé du reste de la douille par une cloison de sépara­tion pour interdire son écoulement. La partie avant du char­gement est intégrée dès le départ dans la douille.Patent FR-A-2 229 037 describes an arrow munition in which the projectile is made integral with the casing by means of a connecting piece. The free space between the tail and the socket is filled with powder. This space is isolated from the rest of the socket by a partition to prevent its flow. The front part of the load is integrated from the start in the socket.

La présente invention vise à remédier à ces in­convénients en proposant un chargement propulsif facile à mettre en oeuvre, et aisément adaptable à différents types de munitions ainsi qu'à leurs exigences balistiques.The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a propellant charge that is easy to implement, and easily adaptable to different types of ammunition as well as to their ballistic requirements.

L'invention a donc pour objet un chargement propul­sif pour une munition équipée d'un projectile empenné, cons­titué d'une partie avant et d'une partie arrière, la partie avant entourant l'empennage du projectile et la partie arriè­re englobant un moyen d'allumage, caractérisé en ce que la partie arrière est intégrée dans une douille et comporte un évidement dans lequel est engagée partiellement ou totalement la partie avant pour assurer la solidarisation de ces deux parties.The subject of the invention is therefore a propellant charge for a munition equipped with a tailed projectile, consisting of a front part and a rear part, the front part surrounding the tail of the projectile and the rear part encompassing a means of ignition, characterized in that the rear part is integrated in a socket and has a recess in which is partially or totally engaged the front part to ensure the joining of these two parts.

L'évidement est délimité par la douille seule.The recess is delimited by the bush alone.

L'évidement est délimité à la fois par la douille et par la partie arrière du chargement.The recess is delimited both by the socket and by the rear part of the load.

La partie avant est intégrée dans un boîtier appli­qué sur le projectile et fermé par un couvercle muni d'évents, ledit boîtier étant ajusté dans l'évidement et constituant un moyen de liaison de la partie avant du charge­ment au projectile.The front part is integrated in a housing applied to the projectile and closed by a cover provided with vents, said housing being fitted in the recess and constituting a means of connection of the front part of the load to the projectile.

Le boîtier est fragmentable et/ou combustible.The housing is fragmentable and / or combustible.

La partie avant est constituée par un bloc de pou­dre propulsive agglomérée au moyen d'un liant.The front part consists of a block of propellant powder agglomerated by means of a binder.

La partie avant est constituée par de la poudre propulsive en vrac, maintenue dans le boîtier au moyen d'un couvercle fragmentable et/ou combustible.The front part consists of propellant powder in bulk, held in the housing by means of a fragmentable and / or combustible cover.

La partie avant est constituée par de la poudre en fagots.The front part consists of powder in bundles.

Les parties avant et arrière sont constituées de poudre propulsive de nature différente.The front and rear parts are made of propellant powder of a different nature.

Le procédé de fabrication d'un chargement propulsif selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que :
- on solidarise, hors de la douille, la partie avant du chargement et l'empennage du projectile,
- on dispose la partie arrière du chargement dans la douille, en laissant entre le sommet de celle-ci et le sommet de la partie arrière, un évidement tel qu'il permette la mise en place et la solidarisation de la partie avant du chargement et de la douille,
- on raccorde par collage les parties avant et ar­rière pour solidariser le projectile et la douille.The process for manufacturing a propellant charge according to the invention is characterized in that:
- the front part of the load and the tail of the projectile are secured, outside the socket,
- the rear part of the load is placed in the socket, leaving between the top of the latter and the top of the rear part, a recess such that it allows the front part of the load to be put in place and secured together; from the socket,
- the front and rear parts are bonded to secure the projectile and the case.

Un avantage de la présente invention réside dans le fait que le montage d'une munition comprenant un projectile empenné évite toute friction de grains de poudre.An advantage of the present invention lies in the fact that the mounting of a munition comprising a feathered projectile avoids any friction of powder grains.

Un autre avantage réside dans la simplicité de réa­lisation du chargement à des conditions économiques raisonnables.Another advantage lies in the simplicity of carrying out the loading at reasonable economic conditions.

D'autres avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture du complément de description qui va suivre de modes particuliers de réalisation, description faite en regard des dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 montre en coupe simplifiée une muni­tion, représentée avant solidarisation de la douille et du projectile, et intégrant un premier mode de réalisation du chargement propulsif selon l'invention.
  • Les figures 2 et 3 représentent en coupe des variantes.
Other advantages of the invention will appear on reading the additional description which follows of modes individuals, description given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 shows in simplified section an ammunition, shown before securing the socket and the projectile, and incorporating a first embodiment of the propellant charge according to the invention.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show in section variants.

En se reportant à la figure 1, on voit que le char­gement de la munition comprend un élément avant 1a et un élé­ment arrière 1b. L'élément la renferme le projectile empenné 5, dont seul l'empennage est représenté, et la partie avant 6 du chargement. L'élément 1b comprend une douille 2 solidaire d'un culot 3. Un tube allumeur 4 de type connu est rendu so­lidaire du culot, par exemple par filetage. La douille 2 peut être combustible et le culot métallique. Cette douille reçoit la partie arrière 12 du chargement soit sous forme de poudre en grain soit sous forme enrobée avec un liant et coulé in situ. La douille n'est pas complètement remplie de poudre propulsive, une hauteur H étant ménagée entre la surface su­périeure 13 de la partie 12 et la lèvre 14. On délimite dans ce cas un évidement 10a uniquement par la paroi de la douille 2. L'élément 1a se présente sous la forme d'un boîtier 7 combustible, réalisé dans le même matériau que celui consti­tuant la douille, et rendu solidaire du projectile 5 au niveau d'une gorge cirulaire 19. Le boîtier 7 est rempli d'une masse de poudre, constituant la partie avant 6 du char­gement propulsif, qui entoure complètement l'empennage du projectile 5, et qui se trouve donc solidaire de ce dernier. Le boîtier 7 est fermé par un couvercle 8, en meme matériau, collé au boîtier au niveau d'un rétreint 9 de ce dernier, et portant des évents 11 dont le rôle sera précisé plus loin. Le boîtier 7 et le couvercle 8 constituent ainsi un moyen de liaison entre la partie avant 6 du chargement propulsif et le projectile 5.Referring to Figure 1, it can be seen that the loading of the ammunition comprises a front element 1a and a rear element 1b. The element contains the tailed projectile 5, of which only the tail unit is shown, and the front part 6 of the load. The element 1b comprises a socket 2 secured to a base 3. An igniter tube 4 of known type is made integral with the base, for example by threading. The socket 2 can be combustible and the metal base. This sleeve receives the rear part 12 of the load either in the form of grain powder or in the form coated with a binder and cast in situ. The sleeve is not completely filled with propellant powder, a height H being provided between the upper surface 13 of the part 12 and the lip 14. In this case, a recess 10a is delimited only by the wall of the sleeve 2. The element 1a is in the form of a combustible case 7, made of the same material as that constituting the case, and made integral with the projectile 5 at a circular groove 19. The case 7 is filled with a mass of powder, constituting the front part 6 of the propellant charge, which completely surrounds the tail of the projectile 5, and which is therefore integral with the latter. The housing 7 is closed by a cover 8, of the same material, glued to the housing at the level of a constriction 9 of the latter, and carrying vents 11 whose role will be explained below. The box 7 and the cover 8 thus constitute a means of connection between the front part 6 of the propellant charge and the projectile 5.

Le boîtier 7 porte un rétreint 10b sur une longueur L ; ce rétreint est sensiblement ajusté au diamètre intérieur de la douille 2, afin de permettre sa mise en place dans la douille. Les valeurs de L et de H sont choisies de telle sorte que la solidarisation du projectile 5 portant le boî­tier 7 et de la douille soit possible, tout en respectant la longueur totale souhaitée pour la munition complète. La soli­darisation est complétée par un moyen connu, par exemple par collage, sertissage ou rivetage. On met ainsi en évidence le procédé de réalisation du chargement propulsif selon l'invention ; ce procédé comprend les étapes suivantes :
- Hors de la douille, on rend solidaire du projec­tile 5 une première partie du chargement, cela en fixant le boîtier 7 sur le projectile, en le remplissant de poudre, puis en fermant le boîtier au moyen du couvercle 8.
- On remplit la douille 1 de poudre propulsive en laissant entre le sommet de la douille et le chargement un évidement tel que la mise en place du projectile portant le boîtier et sa solidarisation avec la douille soient possibles.The housing 7 carries a constriction 10b over a length L; this constriction is substantially adjusted to the internal diameter of the sleeve 2, in order to allow it to be placed in the socket. The values of L and H are chosen in such a way that the projectile 5 carrying the casing 7 and the socket are secured, while respecting the total length desired for the complete munition. The connection is completed by known means, for example by gluing, crimping or riveting. This highlights the method of producing the propellant charge according to the invention; this process comprises the following stages:
- Out of the socket, the first part of the charge is made integral with the projectile 5, this by fixing the casing 7 to the projectile, filling it with powder, then closing the casing by means of the cover 8.
- The socket 1 is filled with propellant powder, leaving a recess between the top of the socket and the loading such that the projectile carrying the casing is put in place and that it can be joined to the socket.

On obtient une munition dont le chargement propul­sif comporte au moins deux parties, dont la partie avant 6 est solidaire du projectile, le moyen de liaison étant cons­titué par le boîtier et le couvercle, et qui englobe l'empennage (ici totalement).A munition is obtained, the propellant charge of which comprises at least two parts, the front part 6 of which is integral with the projectile, the connecting means being constituted by the housing and the cover, and which includes the tail unit (here totally).

La poudre ayant été versée dans le boîtier, on ne fait pas pénétrer de force l'empennage dans celle-ci, et tout risque d'inflammation de ce fait est écarté.The powder having been poured into the housing, the empennage is not forced into it, and any risk of ignition thereby is eliminated.

De même, la poudre ayant été versée dans la douille 2 portant le tube allumeur 4, il n'a donc pas été nécessaire de faire pénétrer en force ce dernier dans la poudre, et tout risque d'inflammation est également écarté.Likewise, the powder having been poured into the socket 2 carrying the igniter tube 4, it was therefore not necessary to force the latter to penetrate into the powder, and any risk of ignition is also ruled out.

De plus, l'empennage du projectile est entouré de poudre, de telle sorte qu'il n'y a pas pénétration avec contact de celui-ci dans la deuxième partie du chargement qui n'est pas solidaire du projectile ; tout risque d'inflam­mation est ainsi encore évité lors de la mise en place et de la solidarisation du projectile, contenant la partie avant du chargement, avec la douille contenant la partie arrière du chargement.In addition, the tail of the projectile is surrounded by powder, so that there is no penetration with contact thereof in the second part of the load which is not secured to the projectile; any risk of ignition is thus still avoided when the projectile, containing the front part of the load, is put in place and secured, with the socket containing the rear part of the load.

De plus, la mise en oeuvre de l'invention n'entraîne aucune perturbation au niveau de l'allumage de la charge propulsive. En effet, le boîtier 7 est combustible et les évents 11 facilitent la transmission de flamme de la par­tie arrière 12 du chargement vers la partie avant 6.In addition, the implementation of the invention does not cause any disturbance in the ignition of the propellant charge. In fact, the box 7 is combustible and the vents 11 facilitate the transmission of flame from the rear part 12 of the load to the front part 6.

Il sera possible d'employer un boîtier et/ou un couvercle qui ne sont pas totalement combustibles, mais qui sont fragmentables, c'est-à-dire qui comportent un certain nombre d'amorces de faiblesse (non représentées ici) aptes à provoquer leur fragmentation sous l'action de la pression des gaz de combustion du chargement propulsif.It will be possible to use a box and / or a cover which are not completely combustible, but which are fragmentable, that is to say which comprise a certain number of weak primers (not shown here) capable of causing their fragmentation under the action of the pressure of the combustion gases of the propellant charge.

La figure 2 représente, avant solidarisation de la douille et du projectile, une munition dont la coupe simpli­fiée montre deux variantes de réalisation du chargement pro­pulsif selon l'invention. Les différences avec le mode de réalisation de la figure 1 ne se trouvent qu'au niveau de la partie avant 6 du chargement solidaire du projectile. La par­tie arrière 12 du chargement est identique à celle précédem­ment décrite. Sur la demi-coupe de gauche, la partie avant 6 du chargement propulsif est constituée par une masse de pou­dre agglomérée autour de l'empennage au moyen d'un liant, qui constitue ainsi le moyen de liaison entre cette partie 6 du chargement et le projectile 5. Le procédé de réalisation d'une telle masse de poudre, les caractéristiques du liant et sa mise en forme autour de l'empennage font intervenir la technique, connue de l'homme de l'art, des chargements figés et ne seront pas décrits plus en détail.Figure 2 shows, before securing the shell and the projectile, a munition whose simplified section shows two alternative embodiments of the propellant charge according to the invention. The differences with the embodiment of Figure 1 are only found at the front part 6 of the integral load of the projectile. The rear part 12 of the load is identical to that previously described. On the left half-section, the front part 6 of the propellant charge is constituted by a mass of powder agglomerated around the empennage by means of a binder, which thus constitutes the means of connection between this part 6 of the charge and the projectile 5. The process for producing such a mass of powder, the characteristics of the binder and its shaping around the tail unit involve the technique, known to those skilled in the art, of frozen loads and will not be not described in more detail.

Afin d'améliorer la tenue mécanique de la masse de poudre constituant la partie avant 6 du chargement propulsif, face aux contraintes dues à la manutention et à l'assemblage, il est possible de disposer un boîtier 7 recouvrant la masse de poudre sur tout ou partie de sa surface extérieure. Cette variante est figurée sur la demi-coupe de droite de la figure 2. Le boîtier sera réalisé en matériau combustible et/ou fragmentable comme cela a déjà été décrit. L'assemblage du projectile et de la douille est réalisé de façon analogue à celle déjà décrite à propos de la figure 1. Ainsi un évide­ment 10a, suffisant pour permettre la mise en place et la so­lidarisation du projectile et de la douille 2 est prévu dans cette dernière. L'emploi d'un boîtier 7 permettra de facili­ter la solidarisation par collage ou sertissage de la douille 2 et du projectile 5 tout en protégeant la masse de poudre. En l'absence de boîtier, cette masse de poudre peut être recouverte d'un vernis protecteur contre la thermoini­tiation.In order to improve the mechanical strength of the mass of powder constituting the front part 6 of the propellant charge, faced with the constraints due to handling and assembly, it is possible to have a housing 7 covering the mass of powder on all or part of its outer surface. This variant is shown in the right half-section of Figure 2. The housing will be made of combustible and / or fragmentable material as has already been described. The projectile and the socket are assembled in a similar manner to that already described in connection with FIG. 1. Thus a recess 10a, sufficient to allow the projectile and the socket 2 to be put in place and secured together, is provided in the latter. The use of a box 7 will facilitate the joining by gluing or crimping of the cartridge case 2 and projectile 5 while protecting the powder mass. In the absence of a casing, this mass of powder can be covered with a protective varnish against thermoinitiation.

Il est possible à partir d'une géométrie de muni­tion donnée de faire varier la masse totale du chargement propulsif et donc les performances balistiques de la munition. Il est possible par exemple de disposer dans la douille la partie arrière 12 du chargement conçue de telle sorte qu'elle n'ait aucun contact avec la partie avant aprés solidarisation du projectile 5 et de la douille. Il suffit de jouer sur la valeur de H supérieure à L.It is possible from a given munition geometry to vary the total mass of the propellant charge and therefore the ballistic performance of the ammunition. It is possible for example to have in the socket the rear part 12 of the load designed so that it has no contact with the front part after securing the projectile 5 and the socket. It is enough to play on the value of H greater than L.

Il est possible également de concevoir la partie avant 6 du chargement de telle sorte qu'elle n'englobe que partiellement l'empennage. Un espace libre subsistera dans le boîtier 7, et il sera alors utile de disposer une cale à l'intérieur du boîtier afin de maintenir la symétrie axiale de la première partie du chargement (ce qui est indispensable dans le cas de projectiles empennés de type flèche). Dans tous les cas, les avantages du point de vue de la sécurité décrits dans le préambule se trouveront garantis par le fait que, grâce à l'invention, il n'y a pas pénétration avec contact de l'empennage dans la partie arrière du chargement qui n'est pas solidaire du projectile. Il n'y a aucun risque de frottements et d'échauffement du chargement propulsif au cours de la mise en place du projectile et de sa solidarisa­tion avec la douille.It is also possible to design the front part 6 of the load so that it only partially encompasses the tail. A free space will remain in the housing 7, and it will then be useful to have a shim inside the housing in order to maintain the axial symmetry of the first part of the load (which is essential in the case of feathered projectiles of the arrow type ). In all cases, the advantages from the point of view of safety described in the preamble will be guaranteed by the fact that, thanks to the invention, there is no penetration with contact of the tail in the rear part of the loading which is not secured to the projectile. There is no risk of friction and overheating of the propellant charge during the positioning of the projectile and its attachment to the socket.

On peut réaliser diverses formes pour les deux par­ties du chargement propulsif, et il est possible en parti­culier de prévoir une partie arrière dont la face supérieure comporte une cuvette dans laquelle pénètrerait l'empennage après l'assemblage du projectile 5 et de la douille 2. Aucun échauffement n'est à craindre dans ce cas, car il n'y a pas contact entre l'empennage et la partie arrière du chargement.Various forms can be produced for the two parts of the propellant charge, and it is possible in particular to provide a rear part, the upper face of which comprises a bowl into which the tail unit would penetrate after the projectile 5 and the shell 2 have been assembled. No overheating is to be feared in this case, because there is no contact between the tail and the rear part of the load.

On peut réaliser également un chargement, du type de celui décrit sur la figure 2, et pour lequel H est légère­ment inférieur à L, et la partie arrière 18 de l'empennage est affleurante au niveau de la face arrière 15 de la masse de poudre 6. L'assemblage du projectile et de la douille est possible avec une légère compression des deux parties du chargement. Aucun échauffement n'est encore à craindre dans ce cas, car, s'il y a effectivement contact, il n'y a pas pé­nétration de l'empennage dans la deuxième partie du chargement.It is also possible to carry out a loading, of the type described in FIG. 2, and for which H is slightly less than L, and the rear part 18 of the tail unit is flush with the rear face 15 of the mass. powder 6. The assembly of the projectile and the cartridge case is possible with a slight compression of the two parts of the load. No overheating is yet to be feared in this case, because, if there is indeed contact, there is no penetration of the tail in the second part of the load.

La figure 3 montre en coupe simplifiée une muni­tion, représentée avant solidarisation de la douille et du projectile, et illustrant une autre variante de réalisation du chargement propulsif selon l'invention.Figure 3 shows a simplified section of a munition, shown before securing the socket and the projectile, and illustrating another alternative embodiment of the propellant charge according to the invention.

Dans ce cas particulier, la douille 2 est métalli­que et comporte une partie tronconique 17 à sa partie avant. On réalisera la partie arrière 12 du chargement propulsif par la technique du chargement figé, la partie arrière 12 du chargement obtenu présentant un logement cylindrique 16 en partie supérieure délimitant l'évidement 10a. La partie avant 6 du chargement, également obtenue par la technique du char­gement figé, aura une forme lui permettant de s'adapter dans le logement 16. La solidarisation du projectile et de la douille s'effectuera par sertissage annulaire de la douille directement sur le projectile. La partie avant du chargement est totalement intégrée dans l'évidement 1a.In this particular case, the sleeve 2 is metallic and has a frustoconical part 17 at its front part. The rear part 12 of the propellant charge will be produced by the frozen loading technique, the rear part 12 of the charge obtained having a cylindrical housing 16 in the upper part delimiting the recess 10a. The front part 6 of the load, also obtained by the frozen loading technique, will have a shape allowing it to adapt in the housing 16. The attachment of the projectile and the socket will be effected by annular crimping of the socket directly on the projectile. The front part of the load is fully integrated in the recess 1a.

Dans tous les cas de figure, et afin d'adapter le chargement à des exigences balistiques particulières, on pourra utiliser des parties de chargements de différentes natures; par exemple disposer de la poudre en grain ou en fa­got à l'intérieur du boîtier 7 ou bien de la douille; ou en­core associer une partie de chargement figée avec une autre partie de chargement en grain ou en fagot, ou encore prévoir un chargement comprennant plus de deux parties, en effectuant par exemple un remplissage de la douille avec deux ou plu­sieurs couches de charges propulsives de natures différentes, séparées ou non par des calages. L'essentiel étant, qu'aprés solidarisation du projectile et de la douille, une partie du chargement total soit solidaire du projectile, englobe tout ou partie de l'empennage et qu'il n'y ait pas pénétration avec contact de l'empennage dans la ou les parties du charge­ment qui ne sont pas solidaire du projectile.In all cases, and in order to adapt the loading to particular ballistic requirements, it will be possible to use loading parts of different natures; for example, have the powder in grain or bundle inside the housing 7 or else the sleeve; or else associate a frozen loading part with another loading part in grain or bundle, or else provide for a loading comprising more than two parts, for example by filling the casing with two or more layers of propellant charges of nature different, separated or not by wedges. The essential being, that after securing the projectile and the casing, part of the total load is secured to the projectile, includes all or part of the tail and that there is no penetration with contact of the tail in the part or parts of the load which are not secured to the projectile.

Claims (10)

1 - Chargement propulsif pour une munition équipée d'un projectile empenné (5), constitué d'une partie avant (6) et d'une partie arrière (12), la partie avant entourant l'empennage du projectile (5) et la partie arrière (12) en­globant un moyen d'allumage (4), caractérisé en ce que la partie arrière (12) est intégrée dans une douille (2) et com­porte un évidement (10a) dans lequel est engagée partielle­ment ou totalement la partie avant (6) pour assurer la solidarisation de ces deux parties.1 - Propellant charge for a munition equipped with a tailed projectile (5), consisting of a front part (6) and a rear part (12), the front part surrounding the tail of the projectile (5) and the rear part (12) including an ignition means (4), characterized in that the rear part (12) is integrated in a socket (2) and comprises a recess (10a) in which the front part is partially or totally engaged (6) to secure the joining of these two parts. 2 - Chargement selon la revendication 1, caracté­risé en ce que l'évidement (10a) est délimité par la douille (2) seule.2 - Loading according to claim 1, characterized in that the recess (10a) is delimited by the sleeve (2) alone. 3 - Chargement selon la revendication 1, caracté­risé en ce que l'évidement est délimité à la fois par la douille (2) et par la partie arrière (12) du chargement.3 - Loading according to claim 1, characterized in that the recess is delimited both by the bush (2) and by the rear part (12) of the loading. 4 - Chargement selon la revendication 2, caracté­risé en ce que la partie avant (6) est intégrée dans un boî­tier (7) appliqué sur le projectile (5) et fermé par un couvercle (8) muni d'évents (11), ledit boîtier étant ajusté dans l'évidement (10a) et constituant un moyen de liaison de la partie avant (6) du chargement au projectile (5).4 - Loading according to claim 2, characterized in that the front part (6) is integrated in a housing (7) applied to the projectile (5) and closed by a cover (8) provided with vents (11), said housing being fitted in the recess (10a) and constituting a means of connection of the front part (6) of the projectile charge (5). 5 - Chargement selon la revendication 4, caracté­risé en ce que le boîtier (7) est fragmentable et/ou combus­tible.5 - Loading according to claim 4, characterized in that the housing (7) is fragmentable and / or combustible. 6 - Chargement selon la revendication 3 ou 4, ca­ractérisé en ce que la partie avant (6) est constituée par un bloc de poudre propulsive agglomérée au moyen d'un liant.6 - Loading according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the front part (6) consists of a block of propellant powder agglomerated by means of a binder. 7 - Chargement selon la revendication 4, caracté­risé en ce que la partie avant (6) est constituée par de la poudre propulsive en vrac, maintenue dans le boîtier (7) au moyen d'un couvercle (8) fragmentable et/ou combustible.7 - Loading according to claim 4, characterized in that the front part (6) consists of propellant powder in bulk, held in the housing (7) by means of a cover (8) fragmentable and / or combustible. 8 - Chargement selon la revendication 4, caracté­risé en ce que la partie avant (6) est constituée par de la poudre en fagots.8 - Loading according to claim 4, characterized in that the front part (6) consists of powder in bundles. 9 - Chargement selon l'une quelconque des revendi­cations 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les parties avant (6) et arrière (12) sont constituées de poudre propulsive de nature différente.9 - Loading according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the front parts (6) and rear (12) consist of propellant powder of different nature. 10 - Procédé de fabrication d'un chargement propul­sif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que :
- on solidarise, hors de la douille, la partie avant (6) du chargement et l'empennage du projectile (5),
- on dispose la partie arrière (12) du chargement dans la douille, en laissant entre le sommet de celle-ci et le sommet de la partie arrière, un évidement tel qu'il per­mette la mise en place et la solidarisation de la partie avant (6) du chargement et de la douille,
- on raccorde par collage les parties avant et ar­rière pour solidariser le projectile et la douille.10 - Method for manufacturing a propellant charge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that:
- the front part (6) of the load and the tail of the projectile (5) are secured, outside the socket,
- the rear part (12) of the load is placed in the socket, leaving between the top of the latter and the top of the rear part, a recess such that it allows the front part to be put in place and secured (6) the load and the sleeve,
- the front and rear parts are bonded to secure the projectile and the case.
EP88402640A 1987-10-29 1988-10-20 Propulsive charge for munition comprising a finned projectile, and manufacturing method thereof Expired - Lifetime EP0314547B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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AT88402640T ATE102704T1 (en) 1987-10-29 1988-10-20 PROJECTOR CHARGE FOR WING-STABILIZED PROJECTION AMMUNITION AND PROCESS FOR THEIR MANUFACTURE.

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FR8714975 1987-10-29
FR8714975A FR2622687B1 (en) 1987-10-29 1987-10-29 PROPULSIVE LOADING FOR AMMUNITION COMPRISING A POINTED PROJECTILE AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD

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EP0314547A1 true EP0314547A1 (en) 1989-05-03
EP0314547B1 EP0314547B1 (en) 1994-03-09

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AT (1) ATE102704T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1331315C (en)
DE (1) DE3888288T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2051878T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2622687B1 (en)
IL (1) IL88235A (en)

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FR2670879A1 (en) * 1990-12-22 1992-06-26 Rheinmetall Gmbh Munition made up of two separate charges
FR2672674A1 (en) * 1991-02-11 1992-08-14 Giat Ind Sa CONTAINER PROVIDED WITH ELECTRICAL BINDING MEANS.
EP0499500A1 (en) * 1991-02-11 1992-08-19 GIAT Industries Container provided with electrical connection means
US5241909A (en) * 1991-02-11 1993-09-07 Giat Industries Container equipped with electrical connection means
US5353710A (en) * 1991-02-11 1994-10-11 Giat Industries Container fitted with electrical connecting means
US5335599A (en) * 1991-11-21 1994-08-09 Rheinmetall Gmbh Ammunition unit
FR2710975A1 (en) * 1993-10-04 1995-04-14 Giat Ind Sa Artillery munition element and munition obtained by assembling a plurality of such elements
FR2763392A1 (en) * 1997-05-15 1998-11-20 Giat Ind Sa HOUSING FOR PROPULSIVE CHARGE
EP0881458A1 (en) 1997-05-15 1998-12-02 GIAT Industries Container for propellant charge
US6012394A (en) * 1997-05-15 2000-01-11 Giat Industries Casing for propellant charge
EP1092942A3 (en) * 1999-10-15 2002-01-02 Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH & Co. KG Device for acceleration of a projectile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1331315C (en) 1994-08-09
IL88235A0 (en) 1989-06-30
FR2622687A1 (en) 1989-05-05
FR2622687B1 (en) 1993-05-28
DE3888288D1 (en) 1994-04-14
EP0314547B1 (en) 1994-03-09
ES2051878T3 (en) 1994-07-01
IL88235A (en) 1993-02-21
ATE102704T1 (en) 1994-03-15
DE3888288T2 (en) 1994-08-04

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