EP1092940B1 - Igniting device for a propellant charge - Google Patents

Igniting device for a propellant charge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1092940B1
EP1092940B1 EP00402721A EP00402721A EP1092940B1 EP 1092940 B1 EP1092940 B1 EP 1092940B1 EP 00402721 A EP00402721 A EP 00402721A EP 00402721 A EP00402721 A EP 00402721A EP 1092940 B1 EP1092940 B1 EP 1092940B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ignition
case
tubular part
strand
ignition device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00402721A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1092940A1 (en
Inventor
Laurent Desgland
Nicole Forichon Chaumet
Patrick Berneau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
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Giat Industries SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1092940A1 publication Critical patent/EP1092940A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/18—Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases
    • F42B5/181—Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases consisting of a combustible casing wall and a metal base; Connectors therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/0823—Primers or igniters for the initiation or the propellant charge in a cartridged ammunition
    • F42C19/083—Primers or igniters for the initiation or the propellant charge in a cartridged ammunition characterised by the shape and configuration of the base element embedded in the cartridge bottom, e.g. the housing for the squib or percussion cap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/0823—Primers or igniters for the initiation or the propellant charge in a cartridged ammunition
    • F42C19/0834—Arrangements of a multiplicity of primers or detonators dispersed within a propellant charge for increased efficiency

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of ignition devices for contained propellant charge in a cylindrical case of ammunition.
  • the invention relates more particularly to devices ignition using at least one ignition element linear energy such as a cord.
  • These elements are produced for example in the form of wires, films, strands, cords. They understand for example a pyrotechnic composition, such as black powder or a composition combining Boron and potassium nitrate or aluminum and potassium perchlorate or Magnesium / polytetrafluoroethylene / copolymer of chlorofluoroethylene (Magnesium / Teflon (registered trademark) / Viton (trademark)).
  • a pyrotechnic composition such as black powder or a composition combining Boron and potassium nitrate or aluminum and potassium perchlorate or Magnesium / polytetrafluoroethylene / copolymer of chlorofluoroethylene (Magnesium / Teflon (registered trademark) / Viton (trademark)).
  • composition is packaged in a carrier by example a plastic tube.
  • Energy elements can also include one or more secondary explosives (hexogen, octogen) made integral with a support.
  • secondary explosives hexogen, octogen
  • the propagation the ignition will be more or less rapid (reaction of combustion, deflagration or detonation) and efficiency radial of the ignition provided by the energy element will also more or less important.
  • the energy elements are fixed on the internal surface of the case or on a part back of the projectile.
  • the charge propellant is usually placed in the case before the installation of the igniter tube.
  • the latter is introduced in last place by an axial hole in the base and fixed by simple screwing.
  • Such a solution is unsuitable for a device ignition incorporating different elements regularly distributed inside the case.
  • the patent US5325785 proposes to provide a support of cords which covers the back of the projectile and on which we just screw a support Lighter.
  • cord holder is a piece which surrounds the rear of the projectile at the tail.
  • This piece is complex in shape, it has grooves longitudinal receiving the cords and grooves cooperating with the tail fins.
  • the ignition device proposed by the invention is simple inexpensive and facilitates the operations of powder loading and case assembly.
  • the subject of the invention is an ignition device for a propellant charge contained in a case cylindrical ammunition device comprising at least a linear energy ignition element and a means initiation of the latter
  • the initiation means comprises a tubular piece, arranged at a bottom of closing the case and delimiting a room which communicates with a pyrotechnic initiation component, tubular part comprising an axial hole intended for allow passage and entry into the room of the linear ignition elements arranged substantially at the level of the axis of the case
  • the device is characterized by what it may include at least two ignition elements linear energy, these elements being linked on minus part of their length so as to form a strand which is arranged substantially at the axis of the case and which enters the chamber of the tubular part through the axial hole.
  • the room may contain at least one relay ring ignition.
  • the axial hole of the tubular part may have a diameter substantially equal to that of the strand.
  • the strand may have a length greater than or equal to 50 mm.
  • the strand can enter the tubular part on a length of at least 15 mm.
  • the energetic linear ignition element (s) may be attached to a rear part of a projectile placed in the case.
  • the energetic linear ignition element (s) may alternatively be fixed at a surface internal cylindrical case.
  • the tubular part can be made of a material fuel and / or energy.
  • the initiation means may include a block igniter on which the tubular part will be fixed, block igniter comprising a pyrotechnic component initiation, such as an igniter, and at least one relay ignition.
  • the tubular piece may be integral with a bowl ensuring a closure of the bottom of the case and which will made integral with a cylindrical wall of the case by fixing means.
  • a munition for example of large caliber (greater than 90 mm) for a tank gun, comprises a projectile 2 placed inside a case 3 made of combustible material, for example cardboard impregnated with nitrocellulose.
  • the case contains a propellant charge 4 in the form of a propellant powder in grains and it is closed to its rear part by a metal base 5 carrying a lip sealing 6 in rubber.
  • the case 3 has a bottom 13 in a bowl which marries the form of an internal surface of the base 5.
  • the latter is fixed to the case 3 by means of a spring washer 12 which is housed in a groove 14 carried by an extension axial 15 of base 5.
  • projectile 2 Only the rear part of projectile 2 is shown here and schematically.
  • the projectile carries a empennage 7 and it has a length such that the empennage 7 is found near the base 5 (of the order of 150 mm).
  • the propellant charge ignition device 4 here has three energetic ignition elements linear 8.
  • the strings can be attached to the rear part of projectile 2, for example by bonding or bonding with adhesive tape.
  • the cords can alternatively be glued to the internal cylindrical surface of the combustible case 3 (strings 8a shown in broken lines).
  • cords will be tied on at least part of their length so as to form a strand 9 which is arranged substantially at the axis 21 of the case 3.
  • the length L1 of the strand will preferably be greater than 50 mm which will give a certain rigidity to the strand and will bring its rear end near the bottom of the case.
  • the strings will be chosen so as to present a sufficient rigidity to maintain strand 9 (or well of the line alone) at axis 21.
  • the initiation means comprises a tubular piece of metal 10 which is arranged at the bottom 13 of the case. Concretely this piece 10 is fixed to the base 5 by thread. It defines a cylindrical chamber 11 inside which the strand 9 (or the end of the line if only one line is implemented).
  • the part tubular 10 includes an axial hole 16. This hole is here carried by a cover 17, fixed to the tubular part by thread.
  • the strand 9 enters the tubular part on a length L2 of at least 15 mm.
  • a length of cords in chamber 11 which is sufficient to allow reliable ignition and reproducible from all lines.
  • Such arrangement prevents the strand from coming out of the chamber as a result of transport and setting vibrations ammunition work.
  • Chamber 11 communicates with a component initiation pyrotechnics 18 which is a primer of the type known, initiable electrically or by percussion.
  • a pyrotechnic igniter relay 19 is here interposed between the primer 18 and the strand 9.
  • the room also contains tablets annulars 20 of a pyrotechnic relay composition ignition.
  • tablets of black powder or a pyrotechnic composition classic for example combining Aluminum and copper or boron and potassium nitrate. Tablets 20 are held axially in the tubular part 10 by the screwed cover 17.
  • Relays 19 and 20 will for example be formed by a composition such as: black powder, Aluminum (20% in by mass) / Copper oxide (CuO 80% by mass), Boron (20% by mass) / potassium nitrate (KNO3 80% by mass).
  • Ammunition 1 is assembled in the same way next :
  • the cords 8a are fixed on the surface internal of the case 3, or else the cords 8 are fixed on the projectile 2. During this fixation, the end of the cords so as to form the strand 9.
  • the projectile is fixed to the case by an appropriate means for example a connecting ring as described by EP307307.
  • the propellant powder is finally loaded in introducing the grains of powder through the opening axial of the base 5.
  • the screwing of the tubular part 10 ensures the introduction of the strand 9 into the chamber 11 delimited by the tubular part.
  • the diameter of hole 16 will be chosen greater than that of strand (hole diameter from 4 to 20mm depending on the number of cords) to facilitate the installation of the part tubular.
  • a certain latitude is allowed regarding both the positioning of the strand with respect to the axis 21 of the case as the length of the strand entering chamber 11. This results in a ease of assembly and flexibility of adaptation ignition device given to different types of ammunition.
  • the fixing means can also be different.
  • the tubular part can be glued, crimped or fixed by bayonet mounting. It could be made in one or more pieces.
  • Figure 2 shows another embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • This mode differs from the previous one mainly by the shape of the tubular part 10 and by the structure of the mode connecting the base 5 to the case 3.
  • the bottom of closure of the case is consisting of a bowl 22, made for example in plastic material such as polyamide.
  • This bowl is made integral with the case 3 by fixing means which here are rivets, regularly distributed angularly (rivets of which only the axes 23 are shown).
  • This bowl 22 has a lateral opening 24 intended to allow the filling of the case with the propellant charge grains 4.
  • the bowl 22 also carries the tubular part 10 which is screwed to an igniter block 25.
  • the bowl 22 has a central collar 26 which is pinched between a bead 27 of the igniter block 25 and a bearing annular 28 of the tubular part 10.
  • Base 5 is fixed to the case after filling powder was made. It has an axial bore smooth 29 which is adjusted on a cylindrical extension rear of the igniter block. The base 5 is in abutment against the bead 27 of the igniter block and it is immobilized with a nut 30 which is screwed onto a threaded part of the rear extension of the igniter block.
  • the nut 30 is completely housed in a counterbore 32 of the base 5. It has holes (not shown) which allow it to be screwed in using a claw wrench known type.
  • the part tubular 10 defines a chamber 11 which receives the strand 9.
  • the igniter block 25 carries a primer 18 and a relay pyrotechnics 19.
  • the tubular part 10 can be made of metal or of plastic material.
  • a sealing function to gases generated by the charge propellant it can also be performed advantageously in a combustible or energetic material for example in a composition combining an oxidant (Potassium nitrate or chlorate) and a binder (polyurethane, epoxy resin).
  • oxidant Potassium nitrate or chlorate
  • binder polyurethane, epoxy resin
  • Ammunition 1 is assembled in the same way next :
  • the cords 8a are fixed on the surface internal of the case 3, or else the cords 8 are fixed on the projectile 2. During this fixation, the end of the cords so as to form the strand 9.
  • the projectile is fixed to the case by an appropriate means for example a connecting ring as described by EP307307.
  • the propellant powder is loaded in introducing the grains of powder through the opening 24 of bowl 22.
  • One of the advantages of this embodiment is that the strand 9 is introduced into chamber 11 of the room tubular 10 before the introduction of the powder. We assure thus a good positioning of the strand which cannot be displaced by grains of powder.
  • the powder grains cannot be lodged around of the strand during loading, the tubular part delimiting a volume around the strand 9.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des dispositifs d'allumage pour un chargement propulsif contenu dans un étui cylindrique d'une munition.The technical field of the invention is that of ignition devices for contained propellant charge in a cylindrical case of ammunition.

L'invention vise plus particulièrement les dispositifs d'allumage mettant en oeuvre au moins un élément d'allumage énergétique linéaire tels qu'un cordeau.The invention relates more particularly to devices ignition using at least one ignition element linear energy such as a cord.

On connaít de tels dispositifs d'allumage, notamment par les brevets US5325785 et US5129324.We know such ignition devices, in particular by patents US5325785 and US5129324.

Dans la réalisation de munitions encartouchées de tout calibre on cherche de plus en plus à substituer aux tubes allumeurs classiques (tels que décrits par exemple par le brevet FR2593905) des éléments énergétiques linéaires. Ces éléments permettent d'optimiser l'allumage pour les munitions modernes qui ont une longueur importante et/ou un volume de poudre, difficilement accessible par la flamme d'un allumeur conventionnel, qui est disposé par exemple autour d'un empennage d'un projectile.In the production of cartridge ammunition of all gauge we are increasingly looking to replace tubes conventional igniters (as described for example by the FR2593905) linear energy elements. These elements optimize the ignition for modern ammunition which has a significant length and / or a volume of powder, hardly accessible by flame a conventional igniter, which is arranged for example around a tail of a projectile.

Ces éléments énergétiques sont reliés à un moyen d'initiation commun et ils permettent d'assurer un allumage multi points du chargement propulsif.These energetic elements are connected to a means of common initiation and they ensure ignition multi-point propellant charge.

Ces éléments sont réalisés par exemple sous la forme de fils, films, brins, cordeaux. Ils comprennent par exemple une composition pyrotechnique, telle que de la poudre noire ou une composition associant Bore et nitrate de potassium ou bien aluminium et perchlorate de potassium ou encore Magnésium / polytétrafluoréthylène / copolymère de chlorofluoroéthylène (Magnésium / Téflon (marque déposée) /Viton (marque déposée)).These elements are produced for example in the form of wires, films, strands, cords. They understand for example a pyrotechnic composition, such as black powder or a composition combining Boron and potassium nitrate or aluminum and potassium perchlorate or Magnesium / polytetrafluoroethylene / copolymer of chlorofluoroethylene (Magnesium / Teflon (registered trademark) / Viton (trademark)).

La composition est conditionnée dans un support par exemple un tube en matière plastique.The composition is packaged in a carrier by example a plastic tube.

Les éléments énergétiques peuvent également comprendre un ou plusieurs explosifs secondaires (hexogène, octogène) rendus solidaires d'un support.Energy elements can also include one or more secondary explosives (hexogen, octogen) made integral with a support.

Suivant le matériau énergétique utilisé, la propagation de l'allumage sera plus ou moins rapide (réaction de combustion, déflagration ou détonation) et l'efficacité radiale de l'allumage assuré par l'élément énergétique sera également plus ou moins importante.Depending on the energy material used, the propagation the ignition will be more or less rapid (reaction of combustion, deflagration or detonation) and efficiency radial of the ignition provided by the energy element will also more or less important.

Suivant les munitions, les éléments énergétiques sont fixés sur la surface interne de l'étui ou sur une partie arrière du projectile.Depending on the ammunition, the energy elements are fixed on the internal surface of the case or on a part back of the projectile.

Avec de tels dispositifs d'allumage se pose le problème de la mise en place de ces dispositifs dans l'étui de la munition et notamment celui de la solidarisation des différents éléments énergétiques avec un moyen d'allumage commun, par exemple un allumeur axial fixé sur un culot de l'étui de la munition.With such ignition devices the problem arises of the installation of these devices in the case of the ammunition and in particular that of the joining of different energy elements with a means of ignition common, for example an axial igniter fixed on a base the case of the ammunition.

En effet, dans les munitions traditionnelles, la charge propulsive est généralement disposée dans l'étui avant la mise en place du tube allumeur. Ce dernier est introduit en dernier lieu par un trou axial du culot et fixé par simple vissage. Une telle solution est inadaptée à un dispositif d'allumage incorporant différents éléments régulièrement répartis à l'intérieur de l'étui.Indeed, in traditional ammunition, the charge propellant is usually placed in the case before the installation of the igniter tube. The latter is introduced in last place by an axial hole in the base and fixed by simple screwing. Such a solution is unsuitable for a device ignition incorporating different elements regularly distributed inside the case.

Pour résoudre ce problème, le brevet US5325785 propose de prévoir un support de cordeaux qui coiffe l'arrière du projectile et sur lequel on vient visser un support d'allumeur.To solve this problem, the patent US5325785 proposes to provide a support of cords which covers the back of the projectile and on which we just screw a support Lighter.

Une telle solution présente néanmoins des inconvénients.Such a solution nevertheless presents disadvantages.

Tout d'abord le support de cordeau est une pièce qui entoure l'arrière du projectile au niveau de l'empennage. Cette pièce est de forme complexe, elle comporte des gorges longitudinales recevant les cordeaux et des rainures coopérant avec les ailettes de l'empennage.First of all the cord holder is a piece which surrounds the rear of the projectile at the tail. This piece is complex in shape, it has grooves longitudinal receiving the cords and grooves cooperating with the tail fins.

La mise en place de cette pièce n'est pas aisée, notamment lorsque les cordeaux sont solidaires de la surface interne de l'étui.The installation of this part is not easy, especially when the cords are secured to the inner surface of the case.

Une telle solution ne peut être adoptée que lorsque l'empennage du projectile se trouve très proche du culot de l'étui. De plus, une telle pièce de maintien solidaire du projectile risque de perturber les performances balistiques de celui-ci. Such a solution can only be adopted when the tail of the projectile is very close to the base of the case. In addition, such a holding piece integral with the projectile may disrupt ballistic performance of it.

C'est le but de l'invention que de proposer un dispositif d'allumage ne présentant pas de tels inconvénients.It is the aim of the invention to propose a ignition device not having such disadvantages.

Le dispositif d'allumage proposé par l'invention est simple peu coûteux et permet de faciliter les opérations de chargement en poudre et d'assemblage de l'étui.The ignition device proposed by the invention is simple inexpensive and facilitates the operations of powder loading and case assembly.

Il est facilement adaptable à tout type de munition quelle que soit la longueur du projectile, empenné ou non.It is easily adaptable to any type of ammunition whatever the length of the projectile, feathered or not.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet un dispositif d'allumage pour un chargement propulsif contenu dans un étui cylindrique d'une munition dispositif comprenant au moins un élément d'allumage énergétique linéaire et un moyen d'initiation de ce dernier, le moyen d'initiation comprend une pièce tubulaire, disposée au niveau d'un fond de fermeture de l'étui et délimitant une chambre qui communique avec un composant pyrotechnique d'initiation, pièce tubulaire comprenant un trou axial destiné à permettre le passage et l'entrée dans la chambre du ou des éléments d'allumage linéaires disposés sensiblement au niveau de l'axe de l'étui, le dispositif est caractérisé en ce qu'il pourra comporter au moins deux éléments d'allumage linéaires énergétiques, ces éléments étant liés sur au moins une partie de leur longueur de façon à former un toron qui est disposé sensiblement au niveau de l'axe de l'étui et qui pénètre dans la chambre de la pièce tubulaire au travers du trou axial.Thus, the subject of the invention is an ignition device for a propellant charge contained in a case cylindrical ammunition device comprising at least a linear energy ignition element and a means initiation of the latter, the initiation means comprises a tubular piece, arranged at a bottom of closing the case and delimiting a room which communicates with a pyrotechnic initiation component, tubular part comprising an axial hole intended for allow passage and entry into the room of the linear ignition elements arranged substantially at the level of the axis of the case, the device is characterized by what it may include at least two ignition elements linear energy, these elements being linked on minus part of their length so as to form a strand which is arranged substantially at the axis of the case and which enters the chamber of the tubular part through the axial hole.

La chambre pourra renfermer au moins un relais d'allumage annulaire.The room may contain at least one relay ring ignition.

Le trou axial de la pièce tubulaire pourra avoir un diamètre sensiblement égal à celui du toron. The axial hole of the tubular part may have a diameter substantially equal to that of the strand.

Avantageusement le toron pourra avoir une longueur supérieure ou égale à 50 mm.Advantageously, the strand may have a length greater than or equal to 50 mm.

Le toron pourra pénétrer dans la pièce tubulaire sur une longueur d'au moins 15 mm.The strand can enter the tubular part on a length of at least 15 mm.

Le ou les éléments d'allumage linéaires énergétiques pourront être fixés au niveau d'une partie arrière d'un projectile disposé dans l'étui. The energetic linear ignition element (s) may be attached to a rear part of a projectile placed in the case.

Le ou les éléments d'allumage linéaires énergétiques pourront alternativement être fixés au niveau d'une surface cylindrique interne de l'étui.The energetic linear ignition element (s) may alternatively be fixed at a surface internal cylindrical case.

La pièce tubulaire pourra être réalisée en un matériau combustible et/ou énergétique.The tubular part can be made of a material fuel and / or energy.

Les moyens d'initiation pourront comprendre un bloc allumeur sur lequel sera fixée la pièce tubulaire, bloc allumeur comprenant un composant pyrotechnique d'initiation, tel un inflammateur, et au moins un relais d'allumage.The initiation means may include a block igniter on which the tubular part will be fixed, block igniter comprising a pyrotechnic component initiation, such as an igniter, and at least one relay ignition.

La pièce tubulaire pourra être solidaire d'une cuvette assurant une obturation du fond de l'étui et qui sera rendue solidaire d'une paroi cylindrique de l'étui par des moyens de fixation.The tubular piece may be integral with a bowl ensuring a closure of the bottom of the case and which will made integral with a cylindrical wall of the case by fixing means.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre de différents modes de réalisation, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés et dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente en coupe longitudinale le culot et la partie arrière de l'étui d'une munition de gros calibre portant un dispositif d'allumage selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 2 représente en coupe longitudinale le culot et la partie arrière de l'étui d'une munition de gros calibre portant un dispositif d'allumage selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention,
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows of different embodiments, description made with reference to the appended drawings and in which:
  • FIG. 1 shows in longitudinal section the base and the rear part of the case of a large caliber ammunition carrying an ignition device according to a first embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 2 shows in longitudinal section the base and the rear part of the case of a large caliber ammunition carrying an ignition device according to a second embodiment of the invention,

En se reportant à la figure 1, une munition 1, par exemple de gros calibre (supérieur à 90mm) pour un canon de char, comprend un projectile 2 disposé à l'intérieur d'un étui 3 en matériau combustible, par exemple en carton imprégné de nitrocellulose.Referring to FIG. 1, a munition 1, for example of large caliber (greater than 90 mm) for a tank gun, comprises a projectile 2 placed inside a case 3 made of combustible material, for example cardboard impregnated with nitrocellulose.

L'étui renferme un chargement propulsif 4 sous la forme d'une poudre propulsive en grains et il est fermé à sa partie arrière par un culot métallique 5 portant une lèvre d'étanchéité 6 en caoutchouc.The case contains a propellant charge 4 in the form of a propellant powder in grains and it is closed to its rear part by a metal base 5 carrying a lip sealing 6 in rubber.

L'étui 3 présente un fond 13 en cuvette qui épouse la forme d'une surface interne du culot 5. Ce dernier est fixé à l'étui 3 par l'intermédiaire d'une rondelle ressort 12 qui se loge dans une gorge 14 portée par un prolongement axial 15 du culot 5.The case 3 has a bottom 13 in a bowl which marries the form of an internal surface of the base 5. The latter is fixed to the case 3 by means of a spring washer 12 which is housed in a groove 14 carried by an extension axial 15 of base 5.

Seule la partie arrière du projectile 2 est représentée ici et d'une façon schématique. Le projectile porte un empennage 7 et il a une longueur telle que l'empennage 7 se trouve à proximité du culot 5 (de l'ordre de 150 mm).Only the rear part of projectile 2 is shown here and schematically. The projectile carries a empennage 7 and it has a length such that the empennage 7 is found near the base 5 (of the order of 150 mm).

Le dispositif d'allumage du chargement propulsif 4 comporte ici trois éléments d'allumage énergétiques linéaires 8.The propellant charge ignition device 4 here has three energetic ignition elements linear 8.

Ces éléments sont par exemple des cordeaux chargés d'une composition pyrotechnique. De tels éléments sont bien connus de l'Homme du Métier et ne constituent pas l'objet de la présente invention, ils ne seront donc pas décrits plus en détails.These elements are for example loaded cords of a pyrotechnic composition. Such elements are good known to those skilled in the art and do not constitute the object of the present invention, they will therefore not be described in more detail.

Tels que représentés ici, les cordeaux peuvent être fixés à la partie arrière du projectile 2, par exemple par collage ou par liaison au moyen d'un ruban adhésif.As shown here, the strings can be attached to the rear part of projectile 2, for example by bonding or bonding with adhesive tape.

Les cordeaux peuvent alternativement être collés sur la surface cylindrique interne de l'étui combustible 3 (cordeaux 8a représentés en traits interrompus).The cords can alternatively be glued to the internal cylindrical surface of the combustible case 3 (strings 8a shown in broken lines).

Dans tous les cas et conformément à l'invention les cordeaux seront liés sur au moins une partie de leur longueur de façon à former un toron 9 qui est disposé sensiblement au niveau de l'axe 21 de l'étui 3.In all cases and in accordance with the invention the cords will be tied on at least part of their length so as to form a strand 9 which is arranged substantially at the axis 21 of the case 3.

Cette liaison sera assurée par exemple au moyen d'un ruban adhésif 31 ou d'un collier.This connection will be ensured for example by means of a tape 31 or a collar.

La longueur L1 du toron sera de préférence supérieure à 50 mm ce qui conférera une certaine rigidité au toron et permettra d'amener son extrémité arrière au voisinage du fond de l'étui.The length L1 of the strand will preferably be greater than 50 mm which will give a certain rigidity to the strand and will bring its rear end near the bottom of the case.

Dans les cas où on souhaite ne mettre en oeuvre qu'un seul cordeau (par exemple un cordeau collé et enroulé en spirale sur la surface cylindrique interne de l'étui 3) on assurera qu'une certaine longueur L de l'extrémité du cordeau se trouve sensiblement au niveau de l'axe de l'étui, et cela d'une façon analogue au toron représenté figure 1. In cases where one wishes to implement only one single cord (for example a cord glued and wound in spiral on the inner cylindrical surface of the case 3) on will ensure that a certain length L from the end of the cord is located substantially at the axis of the case, and this in a manner analogous to the strand shown figure 1.

Les cordeaux seront choisis de façon à présenter une rigidité suffisante pour assurer le maintien du toron 9 (ou bien du cordeau seul) au niveau de l'axe 21.The strings will be chosen so as to present a sufficient rigidity to maintain strand 9 (or well of the line alone) at axis 21.

A défaut d'une rigidité suffisante on pourra prévoir une cale entretoise en carton (non représentée) qui positionnera l'extrémité du cordeau ou le toron au niveau de l'axe 21. Cette cale sera ajourée de façon à ne pas gêner la mise en place de la poudre.In the absence of sufficient rigidity, provision may be made a cardboard spacer (not shown) which position the end of the cord or the strand at level of axis 21. This wedge will be perforated so as not to hinder the placement of the powder.

Conformément à l'invention le moyen d'initiation comprend une pièce tubulaire 10 en métal qui est disposée au niveau du fond 13 de l'étui. Concrètement cette pièce 10 est fixée au culot 5 par filetage. Elle délimite une chambre 11 cylindrique à l'intérieur de laquelle pénètre le toron 9 (ou l'extrémité du cordeau si un seul cordeau est mis en oeuvre).In accordance with the invention, the initiation means comprises a tubular piece of metal 10 which is arranged at the bottom 13 of the case. Concretely this piece 10 is fixed to the base 5 by thread. It defines a cylindrical chamber 11 inside which the strand 9 (or the end of the line if only one line is implemented).

Afin de permettre le passage du toron 9, la pièce tubulaire 10 comprend un trou axial 16. Ce trou est ici porté par un couvercle 17, fixé à la pièce tubulaire par filetage.In order to allow the passage of the strand 9, the part tubular 10 includes an axial hole 16. This hole is here carried by a cover 17, fixed to the tubular part by thread.

Le toron 9 pénètre dans la pièce tubulaire sur une longueur L2 d'au moins 15 mm. On est ainsi assuré d'avoir une longueur de cordeaux dans la chambre 11 qui est suffisante pour permettre un allumage fiable et reproductible de tous les cordeaux. De plus une telle disposition évite une sortie du toron hors de la chambre comme suite aux vibrations de transport et de mise en oeuvre de la munition.The strand 9 enters the tubular part on a length L2 of at least 15 mm. We are thus guaranteed to have a length of cords in chamber 11 which is sufficient to allow reliable ignition and reproducible from all lines. Moreover such arrangement prevents the strand from coming out of the chamber as a result of transport and setting vibrations ammunition work.

La chambre 11 communique avec un composant pyrotechnique d'initiation 18 qui est une amorce de type connu, initiable électriquement ou bien par percussion.Chamber 11 communicates with a component initiation pyrotechnics 18 which is a primer of the type known, initiable electrically or by percussion.

Un relais inflammateur pyrotechnique 19 est ici interposé entre l'amorce 18 et le toron 9.A pyrotechnic igniter relay 19 is here interposed between the primer 18 and the strand 9.

Suivant le mode de réalisation représenté sur cette figure, la chambre renferme également des comprimés annulaires 20 d'une composition pyrotechnique relais d'allumage. On pourra par exemple utiliser des comprimés de poudre noire ou encore d'une composition pyrotechnique classique (par exemple associant Aluminium et oxyde de cuivre ou Bore et nitrate de potassium). Les comprimés 20 sont maintenus axialement dans la pièce tubulaire 10 par le couvercle vissé 17.According to the embodiment represented on this figure, the room also contains tablets annulars 20 of a pyrotechnic relay composition ignition. For example, tablets of black powder or a pyrotechnic composition classic (for example combining Aluminum and copper or boron and potassium nitrate). Tablets 20 are held axially in the tubular part 10 by the screwed cover 17.

Les relais 19 et 20 seront par exemple formés par une composition telle que : poudre noire, Aluminium (20% en masse) / Oxyde de cuivre (CuO 80% en masse), Bore (20% en masse) / nitrate de potassium (KNO3 80% en masse).Relays 19 and 20 will for example be formed by a composition such as: black powder, Aluminum (20% in by mass) / Copper oxide (CuO 80% by mass), Boron (20% by mass) / potassium nitrate (KNO3 80% by mass).

Le montage de la munition 1 se réalise de la façon suivante :Ammunition 1 is assembled in the same way next :

On solidarise tout d'abord l'étui 3 et le culot 5 qui ne porte pas la pièce tubulaire 10.First of all, the case 3 and the base 5 are joined together does not carry the tubular part 10.

Suivant le cas, on fixe les cordeaux 8a sur la surface interne de l'étui 3, ou bien on fixe les cordeaux 8 sur le projectile 2. Lors de cette fixation on solidarise l'extrémité des cordeaux de façon à former le toron 9.Depending on the case, the cords 8a are fixed on the surface internal of the case 3, or else the cords 8 are fixed on the projectile 2. During this fixation, the end of the cords so as to form the strand 9.

On fixe le projectile à l'étui par un moyen approprié par exemple une bague de liaison telle que décrite par EP307307.The projectile is fixed to the case by an appropriate means for example a connecting ring as described by EP307307.

Le chargement en poudre propulsive est réalisé enfin en introduisant les grains de poudre au travers de l'ouverture axiale du culot 5.The propellant powder is finally loaded in introducing the grains of powder through the opening axial of the base 5.

Lorsque le chargement de poudre est terminé, on met en place la pièce tubulaire 10 en la vissant sur le culot 5.When the powder loading is finished, we put in places the tubular part 10 by screwing it onto the base 5.

Du fait du positionnement du toron (ou du cordeau seul) au niveau de l'axe 21, le vissage de la pièce tubulaire 10 assure l'introduction du toron 9 dans la chambre 11 délimitée par la pièce tubulaire.Due to the positioning of the strand (or the cord alone) at the axis 21, the screwing of the tubular part 10 ensures the introduction of the strand 9 into the chamber 11 delimited by the tubular part.

Le diamètre du trou 16 sera choisi supérieur à celui du toron (diamètre de trou de 4 à 20mm en fonction du nombre de cordeaux) afin de faciliter la mise en place de la pièce tubulaire. On voit que grâce à l'invention une certaine latitude est autorisée concernant tant le positionnement du toron par rapport à l'axe 21 de l'étui que la longueur du toron pénétrant dans la chambre 11. Il en résulte une facilité de montage et une souplesse d'adaptation d'un dispositif d'allumage donné à différents types de munitions. The diameter of hole 16 will be chosen greater than that of strand (hole diameter from 4 to 20mm depending on the number of cords) to facilitate the installation of the part tubular. We see that thanks to the invention a certain latitude is allowed regarding both the positioning of the strand with respect to the axis 21 of the case as the length of the strand entering chamber 11. This results in a ease of assembly and flexibility of adaptation ignition device given to different types of ammunition.

De plus la réalisation d'un toron à l'aide de ruban adhésif est aisée et rapide et il n'est pas nécessaire de fixer au projectile une pièce mécanique qui risquerait de perturber le vol de celui ci.In addition, making a strand using tape adhesive is easy and quick and there is no need to attach a mechanical part to the projectile which could disrupt the flight of this one.

A titre de variante il est possible de faire varier le nombre de comprimés 20 de relais d'allumage qui sont disposés dans la chambre 11. Il est éventuellement possible de n'en prévoir aucun.As a variant it is possible to vary the number of 20 ignition relay tablets that are arranged in room 11. It is possibly possible to provide none.

Les moyens de fixation peuvent également être différents. La pièce tubulaire pourra être collée, sertie ou fixée par montage à baïonnette. Elle pourra être réalisée en une ou plusieurs pièces.The fixing means can also be different. The tubular part can be glued, crimped or fixed by bayonet mounting. It could be made in one or more pieces.

La figure 2 représente un autre mode de réalisation d'un dispositif selon l'invention.Figure 2 shows another embodiment of a device according to the invention.

Ce mode diffère du précédent essentiellement par la forme de la pièce tubulaire 10 et par la structure du mode de liaison du culot 5 à l'étui 3.This mode differs from the previous one mainly by the shape of the tubular part 10 and by the structure of the mode connecting the base 5 to the case 3.

Suivant ce mode, le fond de fermeture de l'étui est constitué par une cuvette 22, réalisée par exemple en matière plastique telle que du polyamide. Cette cuvette est rendue solidaire de l'étui 3 par des moyens de fixation qui sont ici des rivets, régulièrement répartis angulairement(rivets dont seuls les axes 23 sont représentés).According to this mode, the bottom of closure of the case is consisting of a bowl 22, made for example in plastic material such as polyamide. This bowl is made integral with the case 3 by fixing means which here are rivets, regularly distributed angularly (rivets of which only the axes 23 are shown).

Cette cuvette 22 présente une ouverture latérale 24 destinée à permettre le remplissage de l'étui avec les grains de la charge propulsive 4.This bowl 22 has a lateral opening 24 intended to allow the filling of the case with the propellant charge grains 4.

La cuvette 22 porte également la pièce tubulaire 10 qui est vissée à un bloc allumeur 25. Ainsi la cuvette 22 comporte une collerette centrale 26 qui se trouve pincée entre un bourrelet 27 du bloc allumeur 25 et une portée annulaire 28 de la pièce tubulaire 10.The bowl 22 also carries the tubular part 10 which is screwed to an igniter block 25. Thus the bowl 22 has a central collar 26 which is pinched between a bead 27 of the igniter block 25 and a bearing annular 28 of the tubular part 10.

Le culot 5 est fixé à l'étui après que le remplissage de poudre ait été effectué. Il comporte un alésage axial lisse 29 qui est ajusté sur un prolongement cylindrique arrière du bloc allumeur. Le culot 5 est en butée contre le bourrelet 27 du bloc allumeur et il est immobilisé avec un écrou 30 qui se visse sur une partie filetée du prolongement arrière du bloc allumeur.Base 5 is fixed to the case after filling powder was made. It has an axial bore smooth 29 which is adjusted on a cylindrical extension rear of the igniter block. The base 5 is in abutment against the bead 27 of the igniter block and it is immobilized with a nut 30 which is screwed onto a threaded part of the rear extension of the igniter block.

L'écrou 30 se loge complètement dans un lamage 32 du culot 5. Il comporte des trous (non représentés) qui permettent son vissage à l'aide d'une clef à griffes de type connu.The nut 30 is completely housed in a counterbore 32 of the base 5. It has holes (not shown) which allow it to be screwed in using a claw wrench known type.

Comme dans le mode de réalisation précédent la pièce tubulaire 10 délimite une chambre 11 qui reçoit le toron 9.As in the previous embodiment, the part tubular 10 defines a chamber 11 which receives the strand 9.

Le bloc allumeur 25 porte une amorce 18 et un relais pyrotechnique 19.The igniter block 25 carries a primer 18 and a relay pyrotechnics 19.

Aucun comprimé de charge relais n'est disposé dans la chambre 11. Mais il est bien entendu possible, comme dans le mode de réalisation précédent, et en fonction des caractéristiques d'une munition donnée, de disposer de tels comprimés dans cette chambre.No relay charge tablet is placed in the room 11. But it is of course possible, as in the previous embodiment, and depending on the characteristics of a given munition, to have such tablets in this room.

La pièce tubulaire 10 peut être réalisée en métal ou en matière plastique.The tubular part 10 can be made of metal or of plastic material.

Comme elle n'assure pas dans ce mode de réalisation une fonction d'étanchéité aux gaz engendrés par la charge propulsive, elle peut également être réalisée avantageusement en un matériau combustible ou énergétique par exemple en une composition associant un oxydant (Nitrate ou chlorate de potassium) et un liant (polyuréthanne, résine epoxy).As it does not provide in this embodiment a sealing function to gases generated by the charge propellant, it can also be performed advantageously in a combustible or energetic material for example in a composition combining an oxidant (Potassium nitrate or chlorate) and a binder (polyurethane, epoxy resin).

Elle assurera alors elle même la fonction remplie par les comprimés de composition relais 20 décrits en référence à la figure 1.It will then itself perform the function fulfilled by the relay composition tablets 20 described with reference in Figure 1.

Le montage de la munition 1 se réalise de la façon suivante :Ammunition 1 is assembled in the same way next :

Suivant le cas, on fixe les cordeaux 8a sur la surface interne de l'étui 3, ou bien on fixe les cordeaux 8 sur le projectile 2. Lors de cette fixation on solidarise l'extrémité des cordeaux de façon à former le toron 9.Depending on the case, the cords 8a are fixed on the surface internal of the case 3, or else the cords 8 are fixed on the projectile 2. During this fixation, the end of the cords so as to form the strand 9.

On fixe le projectile à l'étui par un moyen approprié par exemple une bague de liaison telle que décrite par EP307307.The projectile is fixed to the case by an appropriate means for example a connecting ring as described by EP307307.

On solidarise l'étui 3 et la cuvette 22, cette dernière portant la pièce tubulaire 10 et le bloc allumeur 25. The case 3 and the bowl 22 are joined together, the latter carrying the tubular part 10 and the igniter block 25.

Le chargement en poudre propulsive est réalisé en introduisant les grains de poudre au travers de l'ouverture 24 de la cuvette 22.The propellant powder is loaded in introducing the grains of powder through the opening 24 of bowl 22.

Lorsque le chargement de poudre est terminé on fixe le culot 5 sur la cuvette 22 au moyen de l'écrou 30.When the powder loading is finished we fix the base 5 on the bowl 22 by means of the nut 30.

Un des avantages de ce mode de réalisation est que le toron 9 se trouve introduit dans la chambre 11 de la pièce tubulaire 10 avant la mise en place de la poudre. On assure ainsi un bon positionnement du toron qui ne pourra pas être déplacé par les grains de poudre.One of the advantages of this embodiment is that the strand 9 is introduced into chamber 11 of the room tubular 10 before the introduction of the powder. We assure thus a good positioning of the strand which cannot be displaced by grains of powder.

De plus les grains de poudre ne peuvent se loger autour du toron lors du chargement, la pièce tubulaire délimitant un volume autour du toron 9.In addition, the powder grains cannot be lodged around of the strand during loading, the tubular part delimiting a volume around the strand 9.

Il est possible avec ce mode de réalisation de prévoir pour le trou axial 16 un diamètre sensiblement égal à celui du toron on assurera ainsi un maintien radial de ce dernier.It is possible with this embodiment to provide for the axial hole 16, a diameter substantially equal to that of the strand, this will ensure radial retention of this latest.

A titre de variante on pourra avantageusement fixer par collage la pièce tubulaire 10 et la cuvette 22 ou encore réaliser ces deux éléments d'une seule pièce. Une telle disposition permettra de ne fixer le bloc allumeur 25 qu'après avoir procédé au chargement en poudre. On renforce ainsi la sécurité de l'opération de chargement.As a variant, it is advantageously possible to fix by bonding the tubular part 10 and the bowl 22 or else make these two elements in one piece. Such a arrangement will allow to fix the igniter block 25 only after loading powder. We strengthen thus the safety of the loading operation.

Claims (10)

  1. An ignition device for a propellant charge (4) contained in a cylindrical case (3) of a munition (1), said device comprising at least one linear energetic element (8, 8a) and means to ignite said element, the ignition means comprising a tubular part (10) placed at a bottom cap part (13, 22) of the case and delimiting a chamber (11) that communicates with a pyrotechnic igniting component (18), said tubular part comprising an axial hole (16) intended to allow the passage and entry into the chamber of the linear igniting element or elements (8, 8a) arranged substantially along the case axis (21), characterised in that it incorporates at least two linear energetic ignition elements (8, 8a), said elements being connected along at least part of their length so as to form a strand (9) that is placed substantially along the case axis (21) and penetrates into the chamber (11) of the tubular part (10) through the axial hole (16).
  2. An ignition device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the chamber (11) encloses at least one ring-shaped ignition relay (20).
  3. An ignition device according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the axial hole (16) of the tubular part (10) has a diameter that is substantially the same as that of the strand (9).
  4. An ignition device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the strand (9) is of a length greater than or equal to 50 mm.
  5. An ignition device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the strand (9) penetrates into the tubular part (10) over a length of at least 15 mm.
  6. An ignition device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the energetic linear ignition element or elements (8) are fastened at a rear part of a projectile (2) placed in the case.
  7. An ignition device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the energetic linear ignition elements (8a) are fastened onto an inner cylindrical surface of the case (3).
  8. An ignition device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the tubular part (10) is made of a combustible and/or energetic material.
  9. An ignition device according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the ignition means comprise an igniter unit (25) onto which the tubular part (10) is fastened, said igniter unit comprising a pyrotechnic component (18), such an a squib, and at least one ignition relay (19).
  10. An ignition device according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the tubular part (10) is integral with a cup (22) that obturates the bottom of the case (3) and that is made integral with a cylindrical wall of the case by fastening means.
EP00402721A 1999-10-13 2000-10-04 Igniting device for a propellant charge Expired - Lifetime EP1092940B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9912860A FR2799832B1 (en) 1999-10-13 1999-10-13 IGNITION DEVICE FOR PROPULSIVE CHARGING
FR9912860 1999-10-13

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EP1092940A1 EP1092940A1 (en) 2001-04-18
EP1092940B1 true EP1092940B1 (en) 2004-05-26

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US (1) US6708621B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1092940B1 (en)
DE (1) DE60011011T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2799832B1 (en)
IL (1) IL138992A (en)

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FR2799832A1 (en) 2001-04-20
DE60011011D1 (en) 2004-07-01
IL138992A0 (en) 2001-11-25
IL138992A (en) 2004-01-04
FR2799832B1 (en) 2002-08-30
EP1092940A1 (en) 2001-04-18
DE60011011T2 (en) 2005-05-25
US6708621B1 (en) 2004-03-23

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