EP0170757A1 - Shotgun cartridge - Google Patents

Shotgun cartridge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0170757A1
EP0170757A1 EP84830238A EP84830238A EP0170757A1 EP 0170757 A1 EP0170757 A1 EP 0170757A1 EP 84830238 A EP84830238 A EP 84830238A EP 84830238 A EP84830238 A EP 84830238A EP 0170757 A1 EP0170757 A1 EP 0170757A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
closure
flock
envelope
diaphragm
case
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84830238A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gianni Manfredi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baschieri & Pellagri SpA
Original Assignee
Baschieri & Pellagri SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority to FR8411374A priority Critical patent/FR2568001A1/en
Application filed by Baschieri & Pellagri SpA filed Critical Baschieri & Pellagri SpA
Priority to EP84830238A priority patent/EP0170757A1/en
Publication of EP0170757A1 publication Critical patent/EP0170757A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B7/00—Shotgun ammunition
    • F42B7/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile
    • F42B7/08—Wads, i.e. projectile or shot carrying devices, therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cartridge for shotguns of the type in which the offensive charge is separated from the propellant charge by means of a separating element called a flock.
  • hunting cartridges have a composite structure, that is to say formed of several elements which perform clearly different functions. one of the other.
  • the pellets or the like are contained, in the case of a cartridge of the aforementioned type, between the container of the flock and the front closure of the sleeve.
  • This firm closure is generally called "star closure” and is obtained by folding the radial ends of one front end of the sleeve.
  • This type of closure is today universally adopted because it is considered, from a ballistic point of view, superior to the previous types of closure in which the sleeve had to undergo at its end an annular folding which was intended to retain a piece of light cardboard or a small plastic closing disc.
  • the sleeve that is to say the envelope of the cartridge, is conditioned by this star closure, which requires the use of a flexible material.
  • This requirement for flexibility is in contrast to the fact that the socket must resist without deformation. tion with the explosion of the launching charge and in addition with the fact that the socket must have at its base opposite to that of closure, a strong mechanical resistance in order to offer a valid grip to the extraction devices automatic rifles.
  • sockets formed of three distinct elements: a base, generally made of metal, placed at the base of the socket on the side of the primer and shaped so as to allow attachment to the rifle extractors ; a cylindrical body ("tube") of resistant plastic or particularly solid cardboard, part of which is used for said closure preferably in a star shape and the opposite part of which is introduced into the base; and a buffer which is introduced into the base and forces the tube against the same base, preventing its detachment when the charge explodes.
  • the "internal reinforcement” or “plug” buffer also provides the thickness necessary to accommodate the primer.
  • the technical task which is at the basis of the present invention is the creation of a cartridge having overall a radically different structure compared to those currently existing, with the aim of making possible a remarkable reduction in production prices and amortization prices for installations, without reducing the ballistic efficiency of the same cartridge.
  • Another object of the invention is to create a cartridge of universal type, that is to say one which lends itself to be produced in different calibers and for different offensive charges, which can also be used by currently existing rifles.
  • a cartridge according to the invention for hunting rifles, which comprises a casing generally forming a longitudinal bottom crossed by a hole for the primer, a closure opposite to said bottom and which can be opened by pressure, and a cylindrical body extending from said bottom to said closure and further comprising a flock introduced inside said sleeve intended to separate the propellant charge of the cartridge from pellets or the like to be thrown; characterized in that in said socket said bottom and at least a portion of said cylindrical body are obtained in a single piece of mechanically resistant material, so as to define a case open towards the end of the same socket provided with said closure, in that said flock comprises a substantially cylindrical envelope housing said seals or the like and itself defining at one of its ends said closure, this flock being made of flexible material, and in that in said flock said envelope is provided with a tubular side wall capable of engaging securely with said case, and with a base opposite said closure and defined by a diaphragm movable in
  • a socket 2 comprising, coming from a single piece, the bottom 2a of the cartridge (corresponding in the known art to the base and the pad or internal reinforcement) and the cylindrical body 2b (corresponding in the known art to the tube ), the latter being open on the side opposite the bottom 2a.
  • the socket 2 as structured, practically defines an open case into which a primer 3 is introduced in a known manner.
  • the bottom or case 2 is of mechanically resistant material, for example rigid plastic such as that known under the trademark " Moplen ".
  • the case 2 houses a flock in its cavity, generally indicated at 4 ; comprising a cylindrical casing 5 and folded back at its front part so as to define a star-shaped closure 6.
  • a flock in its cavity, generally indicated at 4 ; comprising a cylindrical casing 5 and folded back at its front part so as to define a star-shaped closure 6.
  • it is the same flock 4 which defines the closure 6 for the pellets 7, on the side opposite the bottom 2a.
  • the flock 4 is therefore made of flexible material, this being imposed by the closure 6.
  • the wall of the envelope or container 5 of the flap opposite the closure 6 is defined by a diaphragm 8 movable in the direction of the closure 6 on the impulse of the propellant charge disposed on the side of the primer 3.
  • the advancement of the diaphragm 8 is allowed by the engagement of the tubular side wall 9 of the casing 5 with the case 2.
  • This engagement is of forced type, which will be better described later.
  • the wad 4 is in one piece and that consequently the diaphragm 8 is first obtained secured to the casing 5 for the pellets.
  • the diaphragm 8 of the flock 4 comprises a base portion 8a shaped so as to retain the gases produced at the time of discharge, as well as an active portion 8b introduced into the tubular side wall 9 and shaped so as to partially receive the base of the lead load 7.
  • the base portion 8a of the diaphragm 8 has a diameter equivalent to the inside diameter of the case 2 and that of the casing 5: consequently during the discharge, it abuts in 8 'against an end 9' of the wall tubular lateral 9 when the thinned portions 10 are cut and the diaphragm 8 advances towards the closure 6, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the diaphragm portion 8 comprised between the base portion 8a and the active portion 8b, indicated in 8c, is of reduced dimensions, which allows the diaphragm 8 to be partially able to dampen the impulse. given by the propellant charge.
  • the envelope 5 can be completely enclosed inside the case 2 or overflow outside of it and penetrate into the soul of the rifle barrel.
  • a pressure engagement is advantageously provided between the tubular side wall 9 of the casing and the case 2.
  • This pressure engagement is defined by a tooth 11 making projection from the case 2 towards the casing 5 and by a series of corresponding cavities 12 formed on the casing 5 in correspondence with the tubular side wall 9, or vice versa; this commitment can also be obtained, for example, by gluing, welding and the like.
  • the case can end immediately after tooth 11.
  • the propellant charge forces the diaphragm 8 towards the closure 6 causing the thinned portions to rupture 10 and the same diaphragm 8 to advance to a stop position between the base portion 8a and the wall tubular 9 of the envelope h pe 5.
  • the diaphragm 8 As soon as the diaphragm 8 has reached this abutment position, it is practically integral in translation with the casing 5 and consequently all the wad advances with the pellets along the core of the rifle barrel.
  • the invention achieves the aims and obtains other important advantages.
  • the closure of the cartridge was arranged in correspondence with the flock, which thus plays the role of container element of the pellets, possibly protruding from the outside of the case.
  • the closure in correspondence of the flock did not complicate the latter because the movable diaphragm intended to open the closure can also be formed in one piece with the remaining portion of the flock.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Tubes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to ammunition for firearms. A cartridge (1) comprises a bottom (2a) and at least one portion of the cylindrical body (2b) of the sleeve (2), which are constituted by one single piece made of mechanically resistant material, so as to define a case which is open towards the closure (6) of the same cartridge (1), and in which the plug (4) comprises an essentially cylindrical envelope (5) accommodating the offensive element (7) and defining at one of its ends said closure (6), this plug being made of flexible material. In an original manner, the opening of the closure (6) is brought about by a diaphragm (8) which is movable inside said envelope (5) on the impulsion of the propulsive charge (3), this diaphragm (8) forming an opposite base (8a) of the envelope (5) in relation to that defined by the closure (6). <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne une cartouche pour fusils de chasse du type dans lequel la charge offensive est séparée de la charge propulsive au moyen d'un élément de séparation appelé bourre.The present invention relates to a cartridge for shotguns of the type in which the offensive charge is separated from the propellant charge by means of a separating element called a flock.

On sait que les cartouches de chasse ont une structure composite, c'est-à-dire formée de plusieurs éléments qui accomplissent des fonctions nettement diffé. renciées l'une de l'autre.It is known that hunting cartridges have a composite structure, that is to say formed of several elements which perform clearly different functions. one of the other.

Dans ces cartouches on peut reconnaître à l'extérieur la douille de forme cylindrique qui porte à la base la capsule d'amorçage de la poudre, tandis que du côté op posé elle est bouchée de manière à pouvoir être immédia tement ouverte par effet de la poussée des gaz de combu stion. A l'intérieur, au contact de ladite amorce, est introduite la charge de poudre qui agit sur la charge offensive ou plombs disposés du côté de ladite fermeture moyennant interposition d'une bourre qui, suivant les effets balistiques désirés, peut prendre des structures diverses. Mais en tout cas la bourre accomplit deux fonctions particulières: d'une part elle retient les gaz produits par l'explosion dans le but d'éviter que ceux-ci pénètrent entre les plombs en les brouillant, tandis que d'autre part elle exerce une pression sur les mêmes plombs en les poussant de manière ordonnée hors du canon du fusil. Du côté des plombs la bourre peut également être en forme de vase ouvert ou "conteneur" en vue de lo ger les mêmes plombs et éviter de cette manière ou rédui re l'effet de plombage sur le canon et la deformation de ceux-ci.In these cartridges we can recognize outside the cylindrical socket which carries the powder initiation capsule at the base, while on the op posed side it is closed so that it can be immediately opened by effect of the thrust of combustion gases. Inside, in contact with said primer, is introduced the powder charge which acts on the offensive charge or pellets placed on the side of said closure by means of the interposition of a wad which, depending on the desired ballistic effects, can take on various structures . But in any case the wad performs two particular functions: on the one hand it retains the gases produced by the explosion in order to prevent them from penetrating between the pellets by blurring them, while on the other hand it exerts pressure on the same pellets by pushing them neatly out of the barrel of the rifle. On the side of the pellets the flock can also be in the form of an open vase or "container" in order to house the same pellets and avoid in this way or reduce re the sealing effect on the barrel and their deformation.

Beaucoup de bourres actuellement existantes accomplissent en mesures diverses une autre fonction: elles amortissent le choc de l'explosion sur la masse des plombs et par conséquent réduisent l'effet psychologique de recul causé par le coup de feu.Many of the wads currently in existence perform another function in various measures: they absorb the shock of the explosion on the weight of the pellets and consequently reduce the psychological effect of recoil caused by the gunshot.

Les plombs ou similaires sont contenus, dans le cas d'u ne cartouche du type précité, entre le conteneur de la bourre et la fermeture avant de la douille. Cette ferme ture est généralement appelée "fermeture en étoile" et est obtenue moyennant le repliement à pans radiaux de 1' extrémité avant de la douille. Ce type de fermeture est aujourd'hui universellement adoptée du fait qu'il est considéré, du poit de vue balistique, supérieur aux types de fermetures précédents dans lesquels la douille devait subire à son extrémité un repliement annulaire qui était destiné à retenir une pièce de carton léger ou un petit disque de plastique de fermeture.The pellets or the like are contained, in the case of a cartridge of the aforementioned type, between the container of the flock and the front closure of the sleeve. This firm closure is generally called "star closure" and is obtained by folding the radial ends of one front end of the sleeve. This type of closure is today universally adopted because it is considered, from a ballistic point of view, superior to the previous types of closure in which the sleeve had to undergo at its end an annular folding which was intended to retain a piece of light cardboard or a small plastic closing disc.

En effet on a pu remarquer que ce carton léger ou petit disque qui reste devant les plombs quand ceux-ci sont lancés, brouille ces derniers causant des gerbes relati vement irrégulières.Indeed it has been noticed that this light cardboard or small disc which remains in front of the pellets when they are launched, blurs the latter causing relatively irregular sheaves.

Dans ces cartouches de chasse la douille, c'est-à-dire l'enveloppe de la cartouche, est conditionnée par cette fermeture en étoile, qui exige l'emploi d'une matière souple. Cette exigence de flexibilité est en contraste avec le fait que la douille doit résister sans déformation à l'explosion de la charge de lancement et en outre avec le fait que la douille doit présenter à sa base opposée par rapport à celle de fermeture, une forte résistance mécanique dans le but d'offrir une prise valide aux dispositifs d'extraction des fusils automatiques.In these hunting cartridges the sleeve, that is to say the envelope of the cartridge, is conditioned by this star closure, which requires the use of a flexible material. This requirement for flexibility is in contrast to the fact that the socket must resist without deformation. tion with the explosion of the launching charge and in addition with the fact that the socket must have at its base opposite to that of closure, a strong mechanical resistance in order to offer a valid grip to the extraction devices automatic rifles.

Ces dispositifs doivent exercer un effort relativement important du fait qu'avec l'explosion les cartouches tendent à adhérer à la chambre d'explosion du canon, et du fait que les fusils qui fonctionnent automatiquement imposent l'emploi d'extracteurs à fonctionnement très rapide et violent, et qui ont une surface de prise limitée sur la cartouche.These devices must exert a relatively large effort because with the explosion the cartridges tend to adhere to the explosion chamber of the barrel, and because the rifles which function automatically impose the use of extractors with very fast functioning and violent, and which have a limited grip surface on the cartridge.

Ces nécessités en contraste ont amené à la réalisation de douilles formées de trois éléments distincts: un culot, généralement en métal, disposé à la base de la douille du côté de l'amorce et façonné de manière à permettre l'accrochage aux extracteurs des fusils; un corps cylindrique ("tube") de matière plastique résistante ou en carton particulièrement solide, dont une partie est utilisée pour ladite fermeture de préférence en étoile et dont la partie opposée est introduite dans le culot; et un tampon qui s'introduit dans le culot et force le tube contre le même culot en empêchant le détachement de celui-ci au moment de l'explosion de la charge. Le tampon "renfort intérieur" ou "bouchon"fournit en outre l'épaisseur néces saire à loger l'amorce.These necessities in contrast led to the production of sockets formed of three distinct elements: a base, generally made of metal, placed at the base of the socket on the side of the primer and shaped so as to allow attachment to the rifle extractors ; a cylindrical body ("tube") of resistant plastic or particularly solid cardboard, part of which is used for said closure preferably in a star shape and the opposite part of which is introduced into the base; and a buffer which is introduced into the base and forces the tube against the same base, preventing its detachment when the charge explodes. The "internal reinforcement" or "plug" buffer also provides the thickness necessary to accommodate the primer.

Dans cette structure les efforts d'extraction de la cham bre du fusil après le coup de feu sont supportés par le culot qui doit être très rigide, tandis que le corps cylindrique (tube) doit être suffisamment rigide pour ne pas se fissurer ou en tout cas céder au moment de l'explosion et en même temps suffisamment souple pour rendre possible la fermeture en étoile.In this structure the efforts to extract the rifle chamber after the shot are supported by the base which must be very rigid, while the body cylindrical (tube) must be rigid enough not to crack or in any case yield at the time of the explosion and at the same time flexible enough to make possible the star closure.

Cette structure de douille est rationelle seulement apparemment du fait que les exigences précitées ne peuvent être satisfaites qu'ayant recours à des travaux particulièrement importants sur les éléments qui composent la douille, travaux qui ont toujours entraîné des prix élevés en ce qui concerne les installations de production.This socket structure is only rational apparently because the aforementioned requirements can only be satisfied by having recourse to particularly important work on the elements which compose the socket, work which always entailed high prices with regard to the installation of production.

En outre la situation au niveau des installation de production est aggravée par le fait que, comme précisé, la seule douille est déjà formée de trois éléments (culot, corps cylindrique ou tube et tampon) lesquels doivent être solidement engagés l'un à l'autre moyennant des ope- rations qui demandent des machines très complexes, ce qui entraîne des coûts très élevés pour ces installations, ces coûts ayant évidemment une incidence sur le prix des cartouches produites.In addition, the situation at the level of the production installations is aggravated by the fact that, as specified, the only socket is already formed of three elements (base, cylindrical body or tube and buffer) which must be firmly engaged one to the another by means of operations which require very complex machines, which entails very high costs for these installations, these costs obviously having an impact on the price of the cartridges produced.

Dans cette situation la tâche techniques qui est à la base de la présente invention est la création d'une cartouche ayant globalement une structure radicalement différen te par rapport à celles actuellement existantes, dans le but de rendre possible une réduction remarquable des prix de production et des prix d'amortissement des instal lations, sans réduire l'efficacité balistique de la même cartouche.In this situation, the technical task which is at the basis of the present invention is the creation of a cartridge having overall a radically different structure compared to those currently existing, with the aim of making possible a remarkable reduction in production prices and amortization prices for installations, without reducing the ballistic efficiency of the same cartridge.

Dans le cadre de cette tâche technique c'est un important formée but de la présente invention de créer une cartouche/d'un nombre d'éléments composants particulièrement réduit et destinés à des tâches spécifiques, en vue d'eviter les actuelles difficiles solutions de compromis.Within the framework of this technical task, it is an important object of the present invention to create a cartridge / of a number of particularly reduced component elements and intended for specific tasks, with a view to avoiding the current difficult solutions of compromise.

Un autre but de l'invention est de créer une cartouche de type universel, c'est-à-dire qui se prête à être réalisée en différents calibres et pour différentes charges offensives, qui puisse être egalement utilisée par les fusils actuellement existants.Another object of the invention is to create a cartridge of universal type, that is to say one which lends itself to be produced in different calibers and for different offensive charges, which can also be used by currently existing rifles.

La tâche technique précitée et les buts susmentionnés sont atteints par une cartouche suivant l'invention, pour fusils de chasse, qui comporte une douille façonnant dans l'ensemble un fond longitudinal traversé par un trou pour l'amorce, une fermeture opposée audit fond et qui peut être ouverte par pression, et un corps cylindrique s'étendant dudit fond à ladite fermeture et comprenant en outre une bourre introduite à l'interieur de ladite douille destinée à séparer la charge propulsive de la cartouche des plombs ou similaires à lancer; caractérisée en ce que dans ladite douille ledit fond et au moins une portion dudit corps cylindrique sont obtenus d'une seule pièce en matière mécaniquement résistante, de manière à definir un étui ouvert vers l'estrémité de la même douille pourvue de ladite fermeture, en ce que ladite bourre comporte une enveloppe sensiblement cylindrique logeant lesdits plombs ou similaires et définissant elle-même à l'une de ses extrémités ladite fermeture, cette bourre étant faite en matière souple, et en ce que dans ladite bourre ladite enveloppe est pourvue d'une paroi latérale tubulaire susceptible de s'engager solidement avec ledit étui, et d'une base opposée à ladite fermeture et définie par un diaphragme mobile en direction de ladite fermeture, sur l'impulsion de la charge propulsive sur une portion suffisante à déterminer l'ouverture de la même fermeture; des éléments de butée étant prévus entre ledit diaphragme et ladite paroi latérale de la bourre précitée.The abovementioned technical task and the abovementioned aims are achieved by a cartridge according to the invention, for hunting rifles, which comprises a casing generally forming a longitudinal bottom crossed by a hole for the primer, a closure opposite to said bottom and which can be opened by pressure, and a cylindrical body extending from said bottom to said closure and further comprising a flock introduced inside said sleeve intended to separate the propellant charge of the cartridge from pellets or the like to be thrown; characterized in that in said socket said bottom and at least a portion of said cylindrical body are obtained in a single piece of mechanically resistant material, so as to define a case open towards the end of the same socket provided with said closure, in that said flock comprises a substantially cylindrical envelope housing said seals or the like and itself defining at one of its ends said closure, this flock being made of flexible material, and in that in said flock said envelope is provided with a tubular side wall capable of engaging securely with said case, and with a base opposite said closure and defined by a diaphragm movable in the direction of said closure, on the impulse of the propellant charge over a sufficient portion determining the opening of the same closure; abutment elements being provided between said diaphragm and said side wall of the aforementioned flock.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages ressortiront plus clairement de la description d'une forme d'exécution préférée mais non exclusive de l'invention, illustrée à simple titre d'exemple non limitatif en se référant aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels:

  • - la figure 1 montre la cartouche selon l'invention, en coupe, au repos;
  • - la figure 2 montre une cartouche similaire à celle de la figure 1 pendant la phase de lancement des plombs;
  • - la figure 3 est une variante de la solution représentée sur les figures 1 et 2.
Other characteristics and advantages will emerge more clearly from the description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of the invention, illustrated by simple non-limiting example with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • - Figure 1 shows the cartridge according to the invention, in section, at rest;
  • - Figure 2 shows a cartridge similar to that of Figure 1 during the pellet launch phase;
  • - Figure 3 is a variant of the solution shown in Figures 1 and 2.

En se référant aux figures 1 et 2, la cartouche selon l'invention est globalement indiquée en 1.Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the cartridge according to the invention is generally indicated in 1.

Elle comporte une douille 2 comprenant, venus d'une seule pièce, le fond 2a de la cartouche (correspondant dans l'art connu au culot et au tampon ou renfort intérieur) et le corps cylindrique 2b (correspondant dans l'art connu au tube), ce dernier étant ouvert du côté opposé au fond 2a.It comprises a socket 2 comprising, coming from a single piece, the bottom 2a of the cartridge (corresponding in the known art to the base and the pad or internal reinforcement) and the cylindrical body 2b (corresponding in the known art to the tube ), the latter being open on the side opposite the bottom 2a.

La douille 2, telle que structurée, définit pratiquement un étui ouvert dans lequel est introduite de manière connue une amorce 3. Le fond ou étui 2 est de matière mécaniquement résistante, par exemple en plastique rigide telle que celui connu sous la marque de fabrique "Moplen".The socket 2, as structured, practically defines an open case into which a primer 3 is introduced in a known manner. The bottom or case 2 is of mechanically resistant material, for example rigid plastic such as that known under the trademark " Moplen ".

L'étui 2 loge dans sa cavité une bourre, globalement indiquée en 4; comprenant une enveloppe 5 cylindrique et repliée à sa partie avant de manière à définir une fermeture 6 en étoile. En d'autres mots, c'est la même bourre 4 qui définit la fermeture 6 pour les plombs 7, du côté opposé au fond 2a.The case 2 houses a flock in its cavity, generally indicated at 4 ; comprising a cylindrical casing 5 and folded back at its front part so as to define a star-shaped closure 6. In other words, it is the same flock 4 which defines the closure 6 for the pellets 7, on the side opposite the bottom 2a.

• La bourre 4 est donc réalisée en-matière souple, ceci étant imposé par la fermeture 6.• The flock 4 is therefore made of flexible material, this being imposed by the closure 6.

La paroi de l'enveloppe ou conteneur 5 de la bourre oppo sée à la fermeture 6 est définie par un diaphragme 8 mobile en direction de la fermeture 6 sur l'impulsion de la charge propulsive disposée du côté de l'amorce 3.The wall of the envelope or container 5 of the flap opposite the closure 6 is defined by a diaphragm 8 movable in the direction of the closure 6 on the impulse of the propellant charge disposed on the side of the primer 3.

L'avance du diaphragme 8 est permis par l'engagement de la paroi latérale tubulaire 9 de l'enveloppe 5 avec l'étui 2. Cet engagement est de type forcé, ce qui sera mieux décrit par la suite.The advancement of the diaphragm 8 is allowed by the engagement of the tubular side wall 9 of the casing 5 with the case 2. This engagement is of forced type, which will be better described later.

Dans la forme d'exécution représentée sur les figures on prévoit, avantageusement, que la bourre 4 soit d'un seul tenant et que par conséquent le diaphragme 8 soit d'abord obtenu solidaire de l'enveloppe 5 pour les plombs. En effet, on prévoit, de manière originale, qu'il existe entre la paroi latérale tubulaire 9 de l'enveloppe 5 et le diaphragme 8 une portion amincie 10 destinée à se découper au moment du coup de feu. En outre on prévoit avantageusement que le diaphragme 8 de la bourre 4 comporte une portion de base 8a façonnée de manière à retenir les gaz produits au moment de la décharge, ainsi qu'une portion active 8b introduite dans la paroi latérale tubulaire 9 et façonnée de manière à recevoir partiellement la base de la charge des plombs 7.In the embodiment shown in the figures, it is advantageously provided that the wad 4 is in one piece and that consequently the diaphragm 8 is first obtained secured to the casing 5 for the pellets. Indeed, it is provided, in an original way, that there exists between the tubular side wall 9 of the casing 5 and the diaphragm 8 a thinned portion 10 intended to be cut out at the time of the shot. In addition, it is advantageously provided that the diaphragm 8 of the flock 4 comprises a base portion 8a shaped so as to retain the gases produced at the time of discharge, as well as an active portion 8b introduced into the tubular side wall 9 and shaped so as to partially receive the base of the lead load 7.

La portion de base 8a du diaphragme 8 a un diamètre équivalent au diamètre intérieur de l'étui 2 et à celui de l'enveloppe 5: par conséquent lors de la décharge, elle vient buter en 8' contre une extrémité 9' de la paroi latérale tubulaire 9 quand les portions amincies 10 sont découpées et le diaphragme 8 avance en direction de la fermeture 6, comme représenté sur la figure 2.The base portion 8a of the diaphragm 8 has a diameter equivalent to the inside diameter of the case 2 and that of the casing 5: consequently during the discharge, it abuts in 8 'against an end 9' of the wall tubular lateral 9 when the thinned portions 10 are cut and the diaphragm 8 advances towards the closure 6, as shown in FIG. 2.

De manière originale, la portion de diaphragme 8 compri se entre la portion de base 8a et la portion active 8b, indiquée en 8c, est de dimensions réduites, ce qui permet au diaphragme 8 d'être partiellement en mesure d'amortir l'impulsion donnée par la charge propulsive.In an original manner, the diaphragm portion 8 comprised between the base portion 8a and the active portion 8b, indicated in 8c, is of reduced dimensions, which allows the diaphragm 8 to be partially able to dampen the impulse. given by the propellant charge.

L'enveloppe 5 peut être renfermée complètement à l'intérieur de l'étui 2 ou déborder au-dehors de celui-ci et pénétrer dans l'âme du canon du fusil. En vue de régler l'espace disponible pour la charge propulsive, on prévoit avantageusement un engagement par pression entre la paroi latéral tubulaire 9 de l'enveloppe et l'étui 2. Cet engagement par pression est défini par une dent 11 faisant saillie de l'étui 2 vers l'enveloppe 5 et par une série de cavités correspondantes 12 ménagées sur l'enveloppe 5 en correspondance de la paroi latérale tubulaire 9, ou vice-versa; cet engagement pourra également être obtenu, par example, par collage, soudage et similaires.The envelope 5 can be completely enclosed inside the case 2 or overflow outside of it and penetrate into the soul of the rifle barrel. In order to adjust the space available for the propellant charge, a pressure engagement is advantageously provided between the tubular side wall 9 of the casing and the case 2. This pressure engagement is defined by a tooth 11 making projection from the case 2 towards the casing 5 and by a series of corresponding cavities 12 formed on the casing 5 in correspondence with the tubular side wall 9, or vice versa; this commitment can also be obtained, for example, by gluing, welding and the like.

Tel que représenté sur la figure 2, l'étui peut se termi ner immédiatement après la dent 11.As shown in FIG. 2, the case can end immediately after tooth 11.

Dans ce cas il faut prévoir des canons avec chambre d'ex plosion 13 de la mesure de l'étui 2.In this case it is necessary to provide barrels with explosion chamber 13 of the measurement of the case 2.

C'est pour cette raison qu'on préfère actuellement un étui 2 s'étendant en ant que gaine extérieure au-delà de la dent 11, dans le but d'engager les actuelles chambres d'explosion 13, tel que représenté sur la figu re 1. L'enveloppe 5 peut en tout cas toujours dépasser la chambre d'explosion 13 du fait que celle-ci est dimensionnée pour le lancement à travers le canon.It is for this reason that we currently prefer a case 2 extending as an outer sheath beyond the tooth 11, in order to engage the current explosion chambers 13, as shown in the figure. re 1. The envelope 5 can in any case always exceed the explosion chamber 13 because it is dimensioned for launching through the barrel.

Le fonctionnement de la cartouche 1 selon l'invention est particulièrement évident et est montré sur la figure 2.The operation of the cartridge 1 according to the invention is particularly evident and is shown in FIG. 2.

Au moment du coup de feu la charge propulsive force le diaphragme 8 en direction de la fermeture 6 causant la rupture des portions amincies 10 et l'avance du même diaphragme 8 jusqu'à une position de butée entre la portion de base 8a et la paroi tubulaire 9 de l'enveloh pe 5.At the time of the shot, the propellant charge forces the diaphragm 8 towards the closure 6 causing the thinned portions to rupture 10 and the same diaphragm 8 to advance to a stop position between the base portion 8a and the wall tubular 9 of the envelope h pe 5.

Pendant son avance pour atteindre cette position, alors que l'enveloppe 5 est bloquée au moyen de l'engagement à cran avec l'étui 2, le diaphragme 8 pousse en avant les plombs 7 déterminant l'ouverture de la fermeture 6.During its advance to reach this position, then that the envelope 5 is blocked by means of the notched engagement with the case 2, the diaphragm 8 pushes the pellets 7 forward determining the opening of the closure 6.

Dès que le diaphragme 8 a atteint cette position de butée, il est pratiquement solidaire en translation de l'enveloppe 5 et par conséquent toute la bourre avance avec les plombs le long de l'âme du canon du fusil.As soon as the diaphragm 8 has reached this abutment position, it is practically integral in translation with the casing 5 and consequently all the wad advances with the pellets along the core of the rifle barrel.

L'invention atteint les buts visés et obtient d'autres avantages importants.The invention achieves the aims and obtains other important advantages.

En effet on a pu obtenir une cartouche dont la douille est formée d'une seule pièces structurée en fonction de la résistance'à l'explosion et de l'accrochage à un dispositif extracteur.In fact, it was possible to obtain a cartridge whose socket is formed from a single piece structured as a function of the resistance to explosion and the attachment to an extractor device.

De manière originale, la fermeture de la cartouche a été disposée en correspondance de la bourre, qui joue ainsi le rôle d'élément conteneur des plombs, faisant éventuel lement saillie à l'extérieur de l'étui.In an original manner, the closure of the cartridge was arranged in correspondence with the flock, which thus plays the role of container element of the pellets, possibly protruding from the outside of the case.

La fermeture en correspondance de la bourre n'a pas compli qué cette dernière du fait que le diaphragme mobile desti né à ouvrir la fermeture peut également être formé d'une seule pièce avec la portion restante de la bourre.The closure in correspondence of the flock did not complicate the latter because the movable diaphragm intended to open the closure can also be formed in one piece with the remaining portion of the flock.

Tous les éléments mentionnés peuvent être exécutés en utilisant les techniques les plus traditionnelles du moulage, par exemple par injection. L'invention ainsi conçue est susceptible de nombreuses modifications et variantes, sans sortir de son cadre de protection; par exemple, comme représenté sur la figure 3, l'enveloppe 5 et le diaphragme 8 peuvent être formés de deux pièces distinctes à l'origine. En outre tous les détails peuvent être remplacés par des éléments techniquement équivalents. Pratiquement, les matériaux employés, les formes et les dimensions peuvent être quelconques, suivant les nécessités.All the elements mentioned can be executed using the most traditional techniques of molding, for example by injection. The invention thus conceived is susceptible of numerous modifications and variants, without departing from its protective framework; by example, as shown in Figure 3, the casing 5 and the diaphragm 8 may be formed from two distinct parts at the origin. In addition, all details can be replaced by technically equivalent elements. In practice, the materials used, the shapes and the dimensions can be any, as required.

Claims (11)

1. Cartouche pour fusils de chasse, comprenant une douille (2) façonnant dans l'ensemble un fond longitudinal (2a) traversé par un trou pour l'amorce (3), une fermeture (6) opposée audit fond (2a) et qui peut être ouverte par pression, et un corps cylindrique (2b) s'étendant dudit fond (2a) à ladite fermeture (6) et comprenant en outre une bourre (4) introduite à l'interieur de la douille (2) destinée à séparer la charge propulsive (3) de la cartouche (1) des plombs (7) ou similaires à lancer, caractérisée en ce que dans ladite douille (2) le fond (2a) et au moins une portion du corps cylindrique (2b) sont obtenus d'une seule pièce en matière mécaniquement résistante, de manière à définir un étui ouvert vers l'extrémité de la même douille (2) pourvue de ladite fermeture (6): en ce que ladite bourre (4) comporte une enveloppe (5) sensiblement cylindrique logeant lesdits plombs (7) ou similaires et définissant elle-même, à l'une de ses extrémités, la fermeture (6), cette bourre (4) étant faite en matière souple; et en ce que dans ladite bourre (4) l'enveloppe (5) est pourvue d'une paroi latérale tubulaire (9) susceptible de s'engager solidement avec ledit étui (2), et d'une base (8a) opposée à ladite fermeture (6) et définie par un diaphragme (8) mobile en direction de la fermeture (6) sur l'impulsion de la charge propulsive (3), sur une portion suffisante à déterminer l'ouverture de la même fermeture (6) ; des éléments de butée (8', 9') étant prévus entre ledit diaphragme (8) et ladite paroi latérale (9) de la bourre (4) .1. Shotgun cartridge, comprising a socket (2) generally forming a longitudinal bottom (2a) traversed by a hole for the primer (3), a closure (6) opposite said bottom (2a) and which can be opened by pressure, and a cylindrical body (2b) extending from said bottom (2a) to said closure (6) and further comprising a flock (4) inserted inside the sleeve (2) intended to separate the propellant charge (3) of the cartridge (1) of pellets (7) or the like to be thrown, characterized in that in said socket (2) the bottom (2a) and at least a portion of the cylindrical body (2b) are obtained in a single piece of mechanically resistant material, so as to define a case open towards the end of the same socket (2) provided with said closure (6): in that said flock (4) comprises an envelope (5) substantially cylindrical housing said seals (7) or the like and defining itself, at one of its ends, the closure (6), this flock (4) being made of flexible material; and in that in said flock (4) the casing (5) is provided with a tubular side wall (9) capable of engaging securely with said case (2), and with a base (8a) opposite to said closure (6) and defined by a diaphragm (8) movable in the direction of closure (6) on the impulse of the propellant charge (3), over a portion sufficient to determine the opening of the same closure (6) ; abutment elements (8 ', 9') being provided between said diaphragm (8) and said side wall (9) of the flock (4). 2. Cartouche selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que dans ladite bourre (4) l'enveloppe (5) et le diaphragme (8) sont constitués d'une seule pièce, le diaphragme (8) étant relié à la paroi latérale tubulaire (9) de l'enveloppe (5) moyennant une portion amincie (10) de la même bourre (4).2. Cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that in said flock (4) the envelope (5) and the diaphragm (8) are made in one piece, the diaphragm (8) being connected to the tubular side wall (9) of the envelope (5) by means of a thinned portion (10) of the same flock (4). 3. Cartouche selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le diaphragme (8) est pourvu d'une portion de base (8a) élargie ayant la même mesure que la section interne dudit étui et disposée à l'extérieur de ladite enveloppe (5) et d'une portion active (8b) introduite dans l'enveloppe (5) ayant la même mesure que la section interne de la paroi latérale tubulaire (9), et en ce que lesdits éléments de butée (8', 91), sont représentés par une extrémité de ladite paroi latérale tubulaire (9) et par le bord extérieur de la portion de base (8a).3. Cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the diaphragm (8) is provided with a base portion (8a) enlarged having the same measurement as the internal section of said case and disposed outside of said envelope (5 ) and an active portion (8b) introduced into the casing (5) having the same measurement as the internal section of the tubular side wall (9), and in that said abutment elements (8 ', 9 1 ) , are represented by one end of said tubular side wall (9) and by the outer edge of the base portion (8a). 4. Cartouche selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que lesdites portion de base (8a) et portion active (8b) sont reliées l'une à l'autre par une portion de section plus mince (8c) destinée à donner au diaphragme (8) la capacité d'amortir l'impulsion de la charge propulsive (3).4. Cartridge according to claim 3, characterized in that said base portion (8a) and active portion (8b) are connected to each other by a portion of thinner section (8c) intended to give the diaphragm ( 8) the ability to dampen the impulse of the propellant charge (3). 5. Cartouche selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la paroi latérale tubulaire (9) de l'enveloppe (5) est engagée à cran avec ledit étui (2).5. Cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular side wall (9) of the envelope (5) is engaged with notch with said case (2). 6. Cartouche selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que l'étui (2) et la paroi latérale tubulaire (9) de la bourre sont pourvus respectivement d'une saillie en forme de dent (11) tournée vers son intérieur et d'une ou plusieurs cavités annulaires (12) parallèles de forme complémentaire à celle de ladite saillie (11).6. Cartridge according to claim 5, characterized in that the case (2) and the tubular side wall (9) of the flock are respectively provided with a projection in the form of a tooth (11) turned towards its interior and of one or more annular cavities (12) parallel to a shape complementary to that of said projection (11). 7. Cartouche selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la fermeture (6) réalisée en correspondance de l'une des extrémités de l'enveloppe (5) est une fermeture en étoile.7. Cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the closure (6) produced in correspondence with one of the ends of the envelope (5) is a star closure. 8. Cartouche selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit étui (2) s'étend vers son extrémité ouverte sur toute la longueur de la chambre d'explosion (13) dans laquelle la cartouche (1) est introduite.8. Cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that said case (2) extends towards its open end over the entire length of the explosion chamber (13) into which the cartridge (1) is inserted. 9. Cartouche pour fusils de chasse, selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ladite paroi latérale tubulaire (9) de l'enveloppe (5) est engagée par collage avec ledit étui (2).9. Shotgun cartridge, according to claim 1, characterized in that said tubular side wall (9) of the envelope (5) is engaged by bonding with said case (2). 10. Cartouche selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ladite paroi latérale tubulaire (9) de l'enveloppe (5) est engagée par soudage avec ledit étui (2).10. Cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that said tubular side wall (9) of the envelope (5) is engaged by welding with said case (2). 11. Cartouche selon la revendication 1; caractérisée en ce que dans ladite bourre (4) l'enveloppe (5) et le diaphragme (8) sont constitués de deux pièces distinctes, la deuxième se trouvant à l'intérieur de la première avec possibilité de mouvement axial relatif.11. Cartridge according to claim 1; characterized in that in said flock (4) the casing (5) and the diaphragm (8) consist of two separate parts, the second being inside the first with the possibility of relative axial movement.
EP84830238A 1984-07-18 1984-08-06 Shotgun cartridge Withdrawn EP0170757A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8411374A FR2568001A1 (en) 1984-07-18 1984-07-18 CARTRIDGE FOR HUNTING RIFLES
EP84830238A EP0170757A1 (en) 1984-07-18 1984-08-06 Shotgun cartridge

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8411374A FR2568001A1 (en) 1984-07-18 1984-07-18 CARTRIDGE FOR HUNTING RIFLES
EP84830238A EP0170757A1 (en) 1984-07-18 1984-08-06 Shotgun cartridge

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EP0170757A1 true EP0170757A1 (en) 1986-02-12

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EP84830238A Withdrawn EP0170757A1 (en) 1984-07-18 1984-08-06 Shotgun cartridge

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EP (1) EP0170757A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2568001A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2674951B1 (en) * 1991-04-05 1993-12-31 Marcel Piegay SHELL FOR RIFLE CARTRIDGE AND CARTRIDGES EQUIPPED WITH THIS SHELL.
US8800449B2 (en) * 2008-10-27 2014-08-12 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Wad with ignition chamber

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1557695A (en) * 1921-08-13 1925-10-20 Peters Cartridge Company Shot cartridge
US3469527A (en) * 1968-03-07 1969-09-30 Leland A Pace Shotgun wad
FR2047780A5 (en) * 1969-05-23 1971-03-12 Baschieri Pellagri Spa
FR2101290A5 (en) * 1970-07-31 1972-03-31 Garaix Albert
GB2013843A (en) * 1978-02-03 1979-08-15 Dreyer A T Shotshells
US4291625A (en) * 1979-03-02 1981-09-29 Stagg Jr George A Shot gun shell construction

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1557695A (en) * 1921-08-13 1925-10-20 Peters Cartridge Company Shot cartridge
US3469527A (en) * 1968-03-07 1969-09-30 Leland A Pace Shotgun wad
FR2047780A5 (en) * 1969-05-23 1971-03-12 Baschieri Pellagri Spa
FR2101290A5 (en) * 1970-07-31 1972-03-31 Garaix Albert
GB2013843A (en) * 1978-02-03 1979-08-15 Dreyer A T Shotshells
US4291625A (en) * 1979-03-02 1981-09-29 Stagg Jr George A Shot gun shell construction

Also Published As

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