EP0312666A1 - Projectile - Google Patents

Projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0312666A1
EP0312666A1 EP87402392A EP87402392A EP0312666A1 EP 0312666 A1 EP0312666 A1 EP 0312666A1 EP 87402392 A EP87402392 A EP 87402392A EP 87402392 A EP87402392 A EP 87402392A EP 0312666 A1 EP0312666 A1 EP 0312666A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core
projectile
hammer mass
mass
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87402392A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Denis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP87402392A priority Critical patent/EP0312666A1/en
Priority to CA000578992A priority patent/CA1333543C/en
Priority to BR888807232A priority patent/BR8807232A/en
Priority to PCT/FR1988/000491 priority patent/WO1989003015A2/en
Priority to PT88675A priority patent/PT88675B/en
Priority to KR1019890701025A priority patent/KR890701979A/en
Priority to EP88909552A priority patent/EP0335960B1/en
Priority to AT88909552T priority patent/ATE100577T1/en
Priority to DE3887319T priority patent/DE3887319T2/en
Priority to AU25596/88A priority patent/AU604990B2/en
Priority to US07/362,439 priority patent/US5069139A/en
Priority to CN88109180A priority patent/CN1019144B/en
Priority to GR880100663A priority patent/GR1002584B/en
Priority to YU01856/88A priority patent/YU185688A/en
Priority to ES8803025A priority patent/ES2011128A6/en
Publication of EP0312666A1 publication Critical patent/EP0312666A1/en
Priority to OA59587A priority patent/OA09076A/en
Priority to US07/797,895 priority patent/US5175392A/en
Priority to CA000616730A priority patent/CA1337544C/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B30/00—Projectiles or missiles, not otherwise provided for, characterised by the ammunition class or type, e.g. by the launching apparatus or weapon used
    • F42B30/02—Bullets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a projectile intended to be fired by a firearm, this projectile comprising a core surrounded by an envelope and containing a hammer mass and the ammunition comprising such a projectile.
  • One of the biggest drawbacks of known projectiles is that the various elements of the projectile (core, hammer mass, envelope, sleeve) are not driven at the same optimal speed of rotation defined by the grooving of the barrel, but slide one compared to others.
  • the object of the present invention is to create a projectile in which the hammer mass is integral with the core at least on the trajectory of the projectile, which ensures an excellent seal between the projectile and the barrel, as well as inside the core of the projectile and between it and the envelope, and which if necessary increases the piercing effect of the projectile.
  • the hammer mass is either completely inserted into the housing of the core, during the manufacture of the projectile, or that the hammer mass is slightly protruding, a few millimeters relative to the core, so that at the start suddenly, the increase in pressure in the case causes not only the ejection of the projectile, but also a push on the hammer mass which solidifies well on the blocking member inside the core, to perfectly secure the core and hammer mass, avoiding any separation, even slight, detrimental to the movement of the projectile on its trajectory and to the result of the impact of the projectile on its objective.
  • the hammer mass When, despite the start of the blow, the hammer mass is not completely pressed into the nucleus while being secured to it sufficiently to avoid any relative movement of one relative to the other when the projectile travels its trajectory including in the barrel, at the time of impact, on a hard objective, the hammer mass creates as the name suggests the hammer effect increasing the efficiency of the nucleus.
  • the complementary insertion of the hammer mass into the core also provides a seal at the rear of the projectile avoiding any separation between the core and the envelope, separation which on known projectiles is very detrimental to internal and external ballistics, and the result at the time of impact.
  • the radial stresses generated by the blocking of the hammer mass on the blocking member very slightly increase the diameter of the projectile and ensures a better seal of the latter in the barrel and can even compensate for the wear of the barrel.
  • the blocking member inside the housing of the core is a finger and the corresponding shape of the hammer mass is a housing intended to receive the blocking member.
  • This embodiment of the blocking member inside the housing and of the complementary shape of the hammer mass allows an excellent joining of these two parts for the movement of the projectile on its trajectory, while allowing if necessary the movement of "end of travel” of the hammer mass relative to the core at the time of impact.
  • the inner surface of the core housing and the outer surface of the counterweight prefferably have helical groove / rib assemblies so that, in the event of relative movement between the core and the counterweight, this movement results in a rotation impulse communicated to the nucleus.
  • the grooves can be total or partial.
  • grooves and / or helical ribs can be provided so that at the time of the start of the blow the hammer mass moving relative to the core communicates with the latter a component of initial rotation movement, which, correctly oriented by the correct orientation of the grooves and / or the ribs, thus creates a strong rotational impulse, so that the projectile arrives at the grip of the grooves with already a rotation movement substantially identical to that which it will have in the course of the grooves.
  • the means of the invention help to launch the projectile in rotation, from the inside, that is to say by the element (core and hammer mass) having the greatest inertia this which also relieves the connection links between the guide shell and the core.
  • this relative rotational movement is used at the time of impact, the hammer mass then moving relative to the core which meets the objective. Thanks to the shape of the grooves / ribs, this relative movement results in a strong rotational impulse communicated to the core and which increases its perforation characteristics. It should be noted that this hammer-mass effect only occurs when the projectile encounters a hard obstacle.
  • the interior surface of the skirt of the hammer mass is of frustoconical shape so that the skirt moves apart when the hammer mass spits on the finger.
  • This form of the part of the hammer mass intended to ensure the blocking in rotation with the blocking member of the core is of a particularly simple and advantageous embodiment, while guaranteeing the joining in rotation.
  • the outer surface of the core has a helical groove cooperating with the envelope.
  • the grooving is continuous over all or part of the outer surface of the core.
  • the helical grooving is carried out on the top of the bosses.
  • the envelope or if necessary the sleeve will slide on it only upon impact on a hard obstacle and will communicate to the nucleus a complementary rotational impulse, corresponding to its kinetic energy.
  • the sleeve or the envelope can be shredded into strips by grooving and notching, which prevents the perforation phase by the core from being disturbed, as is the case with certain known projectiles.
  • the hammer mass comprises a heel ensuring the tightness of the housing which receives this hammer mass.
  • the heel comprises a turbine.
  • the heel has elements forming a turbine so as to complete the drive of the projectile by the gases in helical movement inside the barrel.
  • active charges are introduced into the gaps or the chambers which remain between the hammer mass and the core; the blocking of the hammer mass relative to the core is sufficient to avoid any relative movement between the hammer mass and the core at the start of the shot, but at the time of impact on a hard target, the hammer mass compresses the or the active charges by moving relative to the core and causes their implementation.
  • the heel or the rear part of the hammer mass comprises sealing members which hook or cooperate with the corresponding surface of the core to complete the sealing of the latter and delay the sliding of the envelope on impact on a hard objective.
  • the projectile of the invention intended to be fired by a firearm consists of a core 1 forming an active mass; it is coated with an envelope 2 and has a housing 3 for receiving a hammer mass 4 ( Figure 2).
  • the housing 3, aligned with the axis XX of the projectile is open at the rear 5 of the projectile.
  • this housing includes a blocking 6 in the form of a finger integral with the core 1.
  • This finger 6 can either be made of the same material as the core 1 and at the same time as the core 1, or be made separately and fixed to the core by means of a connecting means 7 integral in rotation so that the member 6 cannot rotate relative to the core 1.
  • annular volume Between the attachment member 6 and more particularly between the peripheral surface 61 of this member 6 and the interior surface 31 of the housing 3, there is an annular volume.
  • the housing 3 and in particular its inner surface 31 as well as the locking member 6 and its surface 61 are preferably elements with rotation symmetry with respect to the axis X-X or with revolution about the axis X-X.
  • the hammer mass 4 intended to be placed in the housing 3 consists of a body 8 of cylindrical shape, provided in its front part with a housing 9 whose shape, section and length are adapted to the shape, the section and the length of the fastening member 6.
  • the mass 8 is full and ends in a heel 10, for example frustoconical, the conicity of which corresponds substantially to that of the rear opening 5 of the housing 3 of the core 1.
  • the hammer mass 4 is intended to be placed in the core 1 as shown in Figure 4. Indeed, Figure 4 shows the relative position of the hammer mass 4 and the active core 1 for example during manufacture, when the projectile is mounted in the cartridge not shown.
  • the hammer mass 4 is fully inserted into the core 1 or only partially as it appears in FIG. 4.
  • the skirt 11 covers the member 6 so as to effectively secure the hammer mass 4 and the core 1 to prevent any relative rotation of one relative to the other on the trajectory of the projectile.
  • the hammer mass 4 is completely inserted into the core 1; the mass 4 thus has the function of increasing the energy that the projectile releases upon impact.
  • the attachment of the hammer mass 4 and the core 1 is such that it prevents any rotation relative between these two parts when the projectile travels its trajectories in the barrel and outside; it is only at the time of impact on a hard surface that the hammer mass 4 travels the distance L and releases its energy.
  • the path of the hammer mass 4 can be used to communicate to the core 1 a complementary rotational impulse at the time of impact, to increase the perforating effect of the projectile.
  • This rotational pulse is communicated to the core 1 by an appropriate connecting means, described later.
  • the respective shape of the housing 3, of the skirt 11 and of the member 6 are chosen so as to solidly block in rotation the hammer mass 4 and the core 1.
  • the surface 31 can for example ple be slightly frustoconical; the same can be said of the outer surface of the skirt 11 or of the shape of the inner surface of the skirt and that of the member 6.
  • the skirt 11 is constituted by branches which move apart under the effect of the depression of the member 6.
  • the member 6 is a cylindrical or frustoconical rod .
  • the frustoconical rear part 10 which rests on the wall of the rear opening 5 completes the blocking and ensures perfect sealing while retaining or blocking, if necessary, the edge 12 of the envelope 2.
  • this frusto-conical part 10 may include hooking members 13 which are hooked in the casing 2 and in the surface of the rear opening 5 of the core 1 to increase the joining and the hooking.
  • the head of the core has greater elasticity due to the greater or lesser depth of the housing of the core.
  • the invention makes it possible to give the projectile a rotational effect.
  • Figure 3 shows an interesting variant of the hammer mass.
  • the hammer mass 4 the core 1 and the locking member 6 are produced separately, then the hammer mass 4 and the member 6 are first assembled by introducing the latter into the hammer mass without however, discard the skirt 11 so as not to subsequently prohibit the installation of this pre-assembled assembly in the housing of the active core.
  • FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of a projectile according to the invention.
  • This hammer-mass projectile 4A differs from the projectile of FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, by the fact that the casing 2A covers only the rear part of the core 1A and not the whole of this core. For the rest, the characteristics are substantially identical.
  • the locking member 6A is made in one piece with the core 1A. Following a varian te not shown, this member 6A could also be produced separately and then secured to the core 1A by a connecting means not shown.
  • FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention in which the envelope 2B covers the entire core 1B.
  • the hooking member 6B and the hammer mass 4B essentially correspond to the embodiment described above. Note the sealing members 13B on the heel 10B of the hammer mass 4B.
  • Figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the projectile 1C of Figure 6.
  • This embodiment differs from the previous in that the hammer mass 4C has grooves or ribs 14C cooperating with complementary members, (grooves or ribs) 15C made in the wall of the housing 3C.
  • complementary members, (grooves or ribs) 15C made in the wall of the housing 3C.
  • the hammer mass 4C comprises a terminal part 10C (or according to a variant a part 16C) in the form of a turbine, so as to use the energy of the gases in helical movement inside the barrel of the weapon , after the start of the move.
  • a terminal part 10C or according to a variant a part 16C in the form of a turbine, so as to use the energy of the gases in helical movement inside the barrel of the weapon , after the start of the move.
  • the embodiment of the projectile represented in FIG. 8A is of a type similar to that of FIGS. 6 and 7, except that the external surface of the rear part 17D of the core 1D, includes bosses 18D with a grooving and / or a helical notching .
  • the shape of the corresponding part of the 2D envelope can also be embossed.
  • Figure 8B shows schematically and on an enlarged scale the shape of the grooving 21D and the notch 22D on the bosses 18D and on the shoulder 19D of the core 1D.
  • the rear part of the envelope will slide while perfectly marrying the shape of these grooves / notches and serve as a "rotating striped barrel" for the core upon impact on a hard obstacle.
  • This grooving / notching reduces the sliding speed of the rear part of the envelope on impact.
  • the gap remaining between the housing 3 of the core 1 and the hammer mass 4 can form a cavity receiving an active mass, for example an explosive mass, powder, pyrotechnic composition, liquid such as oil, etc. .. to increase the effectiveness of the projectile at the time of impact; the pressure exerted by the hammer mass at the time of impact is then sufficient to cause the implementation (ignition) of the active mass at the time of impact.
  • This implementation can create a new start of the hammer mass which can become a projectile.
  • this chamber can also receive an active mass.
  • chambers mentioned above can also remain empty or receive additional masses enabling the center of gravity of the projectile to be positioned at will or optimally.
  • the bottom of the housing 9 of the hammer mass is conical and the free end of the finger forming the locking member 6 ends in a conical tip.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

a) The present invention relates to a projectile intended to be fired by a weapon, said projectile comprising: - a core (1) surrounded by a casing (2) and containing a striking mass (4). b) This projectile is characterised by: A - an axial receptacle (3) made in the core (1) and open towards the rear of the core, B - a blocking member (6), C - the striking mass (4) is of a cross-section corresponding to that of the receptacle and at the front has a form complementary with that of the blocking member (6) in order to receive it and interact with it by means of a form connection under the effect of a thrust exerted on the rear of the striking mass, the respective dimensions of the blocking member (6) and those within the receptacle (3) being such that the striking mass (4) can penetrate into the receptacle (3) only by force and/or under the effect of the firing of the shot, in order to fix the mass (4) and core (1) together. c) The invention is used for projectiles intended to be fired by a weapon. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un projectile destiné à être tiré par une arme à feu, ce projectile comportant un noyau entouré d'une enveloppe et conte­nant une masse marteau et les munitions comportant un tel projectile.The present invention relates to a projectile intended to be fired by a firearm, this projectile comprising a core surrounded by an envelope and containing a hammer mass and the ammunition comprising such a projectile.

On connaît déjà des projectiles de ce type.Projectiles of this type are already known.

L'un des plus grands inconvénients des pro­jectiles connus est que les divers éléments du pro­jectile (noyau, masse-marteau, enveloppe, manchon) ne sont pas entraînés à la même vitesse de rotation op­timale définie par le rainurage du canon, mais glis­sent les uns par rapport aux autres.One of the biggest drawbacks of known projectiles is that the various elements of the projectile (core, hammer mass, envelope, sleeve) are not driven at the same optimal speed of rotation defined by the grooving of the barrel, but slide one compared to others.

La présente invention a pour but de créer un projectile dans lequel la masse-marteau soit soli­daire du noyau au moins sur la trajectoire du projectile, qui assure une excellente étanchéité en­tre le projectile et le canon, ainsi qu'à l'intérieur du noyau du projectile et entre celui-ci et l'enveloppe, et qui permet le cas échéant d'augmenter l'effet perforant du projectile.The object of the present invention is to create a projectile in which the hammer mass is integral with the core at least on the trajectory of the projectile, which ensures an excellent seal between the projectile and the barrel, as well as inside the core of the projectile and between it and the envelope, and which if necessary increases the piercing effect of the projectile.

A cet effet l'invention concerne un projec­tile du type ci-dessus caractérisé par :

  • A - un logement axial réalisé dans le noyau et ouvert vers l'arrière du noyau,
  • B - un organe de blocage dans le logement,
  • C - la masse-marteau de section corres­pondant à celle du logement présente à l'avant, une forme complémentaire de celle de l'organe de blocage pour coopérer avec lui par une liaison par la forme, sous l'effet d'une poussée exercée sur l'arrière de la masse-marteau, les dimensions respectives de l'or­gane de blocage et celles à l'intérieur du logement étant telles que la masse-marteau ne peut s'enfoncer dans le logement que de force et/ou sous l'effet du départ du coup pour solidariser la masse et le noyau.
To this end, the invention relates to a projectile of the above type characterized by:
  • A - an axial housing produced in the core and open towards the rear of the core,
  • B - a blocking member in the housing,
  • C - the hammer mass of section corresponding to that of the housing present at the front, a shape complementary to that of the blocking member to cooperate with it by a connection by shape, under the effect of a thrust exerted on the rear of the hammer mass, the respective dimensions of the locking member and those inside the housing being such that the hammer mass can only sink into the housing by force and / or under the effect of the start of the blow to secure the mass and the core.

Dans un tel projectile, la masse-marteau est soit complètement enfoncée dans le logement du noyau, à la fabrication du projectile, soit que la masse-marteau est légèrement en saillie, de quelques millimètres par rapport au noyau, si bien qu'au dé­part du coup, la montée en pression dans l'étui pro­voque non seulement l'éjection du projectile, mais aussi une poussée sur la masse-marteau qui se solida­rise bien sur l'organe de blocage à l'intérieur du noyau, pour solidariser parfaitement le noyau et la masse-marteau, évitant toute désolidarisation même légère préjudiciable au mouvement du projectile sur sa trajectoire et au résultat de l'impact du projec­tile sur son objectif.In such a projectile, the hammer mass is either completely inserted into the housing of the core, during the manufacture of the projectile, or that the hammer mass is slightly protruding, a few millimeters relative to the core, so that at the start suddenly, the increase in pressure in the case causes not only the ejection of the projectile, but also a push on the hammer mass which solidifies well on the blocking member inside the core, to perfectly secure the core and hammer mass, avoiding any separation, even slight, detrimental to the movement of the projectile on its trajectory and to the result of the impact of the projectile on its objective.

Lorsque la masse-marteau est complètement enfoncée dans le noyau, son énergie cinétique au mo­ment de l'impact complète l'énergie cinétique du noyau proprement dit et améliore ce résultat.When the hammer mass is fully inserted into the nucleus, its kinetic energy at the time of impact completes the kinetic energy of the nucleus proper and improves this result.

Lorsque malgré le départ du coup, la masse-­marteau n'est pas complètement enfoncée dans le noyau tout en étant solidarisée à celui-ci de manière suf­fisante pour éviter tout mouvement relatif de l'un par rapport à l'autre lorsque le projectile parcourt sa trajectoire y compris dans le canon, au moment de l'impact, sur un objectif dur, la masse-marteau crée comme son nom l'indique l'effet de marteau augmentant l'efficacité du noyau.When, despite the start of the blow, the hammer mass is not completely pressed into the nucleus while being secured to it sufficiently to avoid any relative movement of one relative to the other when the projectile travels its trajectory including in the barrel, at the time of impact, on a hard objective, the hammer mass creates as the name suggests the hammer effect increasing the efficiency of the nucleus.

L'enfoncement complémentaire de la masse-­marteau dans le noyau assure en outre une étanchéité à l'arrière du projectile évitant toute désolidarisa­tion entre le noyau et l'enveloppe, désolidarisation qui sur les projectiles connus est très préjudiciable à la balistique interne et externe, et au résultat au moment de l'impact. De plus, les contraintes radiales engendrées par le blocage de la masse-marteau sur l'organe de blocage augmentent très légèrement le diamètre du projectile et assure une meilleure étan­chéité de celui-ci dans le canon et peut même compen­ser l'usure du canon.The complementary insertion of the hammer mass into the core also provides a seal at the rear of the projectile avoiding any separation between the core and the envelope, separation which on known projectiles is very detrimental to internal and external ballistics, and the result at the time of impact. In addition, the radial stresses generated by the blocking of the hammer mass on the blocking member very slightly increase the diameter of the projectile and ensures a better seal of the latter in the barrel and can even compensate for the wear of the barrel.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'organe de blocage à l'intérieur du lo­gement du noyau est un doigt et la forme correspon­dante de la masse-marteau est un logement destiné à recevoir l'organe de blocage.According to another characteristic of the invention, the blocking member inside the housing of the core is a finger and the corresponding shape of the hammer mass is a housing intended to receive the blocking member.

Cette réalisation de l'organe de blocage à l'intérieur du logement et de la forme complémentaire de la masse-marteau permet une excellente solidarisa­tion de ces deux pièces pour le mouvement du projec­tile sur sa trajectoire, tout en permettant le cas échéant le mouvement de "fin de course" de la masse-­marteau par rapport au noyau au moment de l'impact.This embodiment of the blocking member inside the housing and of the complementary shape of the hammer mass allows an excellent joining of these two parts for the movement of the projectile on its trajectory, while allowing if necessary the movement of "end of travel" of the hammer mass relative to the core at the time of impact.

A cet effet, il est particulièrement inté­ressant que la surface intérieure du logement du noyau et la surface extérieure de la masselotte com­portent des ensembles rainures/nervures hélicoïdales pour qu'en cas de mouvement relatif entre le noyau et la masselotte, ce mouvement se traduise par une im­pulsion de rotation communiquée au noyau.For this purpose, it is particularly advantageous for the inner surface of the core housing and the outer surface of the counterweight to have helical groove / rib assemblies so that, in the event of relative movement between the core and the counterweight, this movement results in a rotation impulse communicated to the nucleus.

Toutefois, seul l'un des deux éléments peut avoir une rainure ou nervure hélicoïdale et l'autre élément se forçant sur celui-ci. Cela simplifie cons­idérablement la fabrication.However, only one of the two elements can have a helical groove or rib and the other element forcing on it. This greatly simplifies manufacturing.

De plus, dans chaque cas, les rainures peu­vent être totales ou partielles.In addition, in each case, the grooves can be total or partial.

Ces rainures et/ou nervures hélicoïdales peuvent être prévues pour qu'au moment du départ du coup la masse-marteau se déplaçant par rapport au noyau communique à celui-ci une composante de mouve­ment de rotation, initiale, qui, orientée de manière correcte par l'orientation correcte des rainures et/ou des nervures, crée ainsi une forte impulsion de rotation, de sorte que le projectile arrive à la pri­se des rainures avec déjà un mouvement de rotation sensiblement identique à celui qu'il aura au parcours des rainures.These grooves and / or helical ribs can be provided so that at the time of the start of the blow the hammer mass moving relative to the core communicates with the latter a component of initial rotation movement, which, correctly oriented by the correct orientation of the grooves and / or the ribs, thus creates a strong rotational impulse, so that the projectile arrives at the grip of the grooves with already a rotation movement substantially identical to that which it will have in the course of the grooves.

Ainsi, dans tous les cas, les moyens de l'invention aident au lancement en rotation du projectile, par l'intérieur, c'est-à-dire par l'élé­ment (noyau et masse-marteau) présentant la plus grande inertie ce qui de plus soulage les liens de solidarisation entre l'enveloppe guide et le noyau.Thus, in all cases, the means of the invention help to launch the projectile in rotation, from the inside, that is to say by the element (core and hammer mass) having the greatest inertia this which also relieves the connection links between the guide shell and the core.

Suivant une deuxième possibilité, ce mouve­ment de rotation relatif est utilisé au moment de l'impact, la masse-marteau se déplaçant alors par rapport au noyau qui rencontre l'objectif. Grâce à la forme des rainures/nervures, ce mouvement relatif se traduit par une forte impulsion de rotation communi­quée au noyau et qui en augmente les caractéristiques de perforations. Il est à remarquer que cet effet de masse-marteau ne se produit que lorsque le projectile rencontre un obstacle dur.According to a second possibility, this relative rotational movement is used at the time of impact, the hammer mass then moving relative to the core which meets the objective. Thanks to the shape of the grooves / ribs, this relative movement results in a strong rotational impulse communicated to the core and which increases its perforation characteristics. It should be noted that this hammer-mass effect only occurs when the projectile encounters a hard obstacle.

Suivant une autre caractéristique, la sur­face intérieure de la jupe de la masse-marteau est de forme tronconique de façon que la jupe s'écarte lors­que la masse-marteau s'embroche sur le doigt.According to another characteristic, the interior surface of the skirt of the hammer mass is of frustoconical shape so that the skirt moves apart when the hammer mass spits on the finger.

Cette forme de la partie de la masse-­marteau destinée à assurer le blocage en rotation avec l'organe de blocage du noyau est d'une réalisa­tion particulièrement simple et intéressante, tout en garantissant la solidarisation en rotation.This form of the part of the hammer mass intended to ensure the blocking in rotation with the blocking member of the core is of a particularly simple and advantageous embodiment, while guaranteeing the joining in rotation.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la surface extérieure du noyau comporte un rainurage hélicoïdal coopérant avec l'enveloppe. Le rainurage est continu sur tout ou une partie de la surface extérieure du noyau. Dans le cas d'un noyau à bossages (ou à gorges) le rainurage hélicoïdal est réalisé sur le sommet des bossages.According to another characteristic of the invention, the outer surface of the core has a helical groove cooperating with the envelope. The grooving is continuous over all or part of the outer surface of the core. In the case of a bossed (or grooved) core, the helical grooving is carried out on the top of the bosses.

De plus dans le cas d'un noyau à épaulement, il est prévu de rainurer ou cranter de façon hélicoï­dale l'épaulement.In addition, in the case of a shoulder core, provision is made to groove or notch helically the shoulder.

Grâce à ce rainurage de la surface extérieu­re du noyau et au crantage de l'épaulement s'il exis­te et suivant la forme hélicoïdale du rainurage, l'enveloppe ou le cas échéant le manchon glissera sur celui-ci uniquement lors de l'impact sur un obstacle dur et communiquera au noyau une impulsion de rota­tion complémentaire, correspondant à son énergie cinétique. En outre, suivant le cas, le manchon ou l'enveloppe peut être déchiqueté en lamelles par le rainurage et crantage, ce qui évite que la phase de perforation par le noyau ne soit perturbée, comme cela est le cas de certains projectiles connus.Thanks to this grooving of the outer surface of the core and to the notching of the shoulder if it exists and according to the helical shape of the grooving, the envelope or if necessary the sleeve will slide on it only upon impact on a hard obstacle and will communicate to the nucleus a complementary rotational impulse, corresponding to its kinetic energy. In addition, depending on the case, the sleeve or the envelope can be shredded into strips by grooving and notching, which prevents the perforation phase by the core from being disturbed, as is the case with certain known projectiles.

Une telle disposition sera aussi des plus intéressantes pour les projectiles à guides-arrière. En effet, en plus des avantages déjà cités, il sera possible au moment du montage des deux éléments de faire interpénétrer les lèvres du guide dans les crantages de l'épaulement du noyau, soit par simple assemblage soit par déformation. Ceci aura pour but de servir de blocage au manchon et évitera que les lèvres de ce dernier ne remontent, si peu soit-il, sur l'épaulement, au départ du coup. Un tel assembla­ge évitera les défauts connus du manque de précision et de déchemisage du guide lors du passage du projec­tile dans des obstacles mous.Such an arrangement will also be most advantageous for projectiles with rear guides. Indeed, in addition to the advantages already mentioned, it will be possible at the time of assembly of the two elements to make the lips of the guide interpenetrate in the notches of the shoulder of the core, either by simple assembly or by deformation. This will serve to block the sleeve and prevent the lips of the latter do not go up, however little, on the shoulder, at the start of the blow. Such an assembly will avoid the known faults of the lack of precision and of the guide when the projectile passes through soft obstacles.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la masse-marteau comporte un talon assu­rant l'étanchéité du logement qui reçoit cette masse-­marteau.According to another characteristic of the invention, the hammer mass comprises a heel ensuring the tightness of the housing which receives this hammer mass.

Suivant une autre caractéristique le talon comporte une turbine.According to another characteristic, the heel comprises a turbine.

Il est particulièrement intéressant que le talon comporte des éléments formant une turbine de façon à compléter l'entraînement du projectile par les gaz en mouvement hélicoïdal à l'intérieur du canon.It is particularly interesting that the heel has elements forming a turbine so as to complete the drive of the projectile by the gases in helical movement inside the barrel.

Enfin, suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, on introduit dans les intervalles ou les chambres qui subsistent entre la masse-marteau et le noyau, des charges actives ; le blocage de la masse-­marteau par rapport au noyau est suffisant pour évi­ter tout mouvement relatif entre la masse-marteau et le noyau au départ du coup, mais au moment de l'im­pact sur un objectif dur, la masse-marteau comprime la ou les charges actives en se déplaçant par rapport au noyau et provoque leur mise en oeuvre.
Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le talon ou la partie arrière de la masse-marteau com­porte des organes d'étanchéité qui s'accrochent ou coopèrent avec la surface correspondante du noyau pour compléter l'étanchéité de celui-ci et retardent le glissement de l'enveloppe à l'impact sur un objec­tif dur.Finally, according to another characteristic of the invention, active charges are introduced into the gaps or the chambers which remain between the hammer mass and the core; the blocking of the hammer mass relative to the core is sufficient to avoid any relative movement between the hammer mass and the core at the start of the shot, but at the time of impact on a hard target, the hammer mass compresses the or the active charges by moving relative to the core and causes their implementation.
According to another characteristic of the invention, the heel or the rear part of the hammer mass comprises sealing members which hook or cooperate with the corresponding surface of the core to complete the sealing of the latter and delay the sliding of the envelope on impact on a hard objective.

La présente invention sera décrite plus en détail à l'aide de différents modes de réalisation représentés schématiquement à titre d'exemple dans les dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'un exemple de projectile selon l'invention, non muni de sa masse-marteau,
  • - la figure 2 est une vue en coupe d'un exemple de réalisation d'une masse-marteau pour le projectile de la figure 1,
  • - la figure 3 est une variante de réalisa­tion de la masse-marteau déjà munie du doigt de blo­cage pré-emmanché,
  • - la figure 4 est une vue en coupe du pro­jectile complet avec sa masse-marteau selon les figu­res 1 et 2 ou 3,
  • - la figure 5 est une vue en coupe d'une première variante de projectile selon l'invention,
  • - la figure 6 est une vue en coupe d'un au­tre exemple de projectile selon l'invention,
  • - la figure 7 est une vue en coupe d'un pro­jectile dont la masse-marteau est équipée d'une tur­bine selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • - la figure 8A montre une autre variante de réalisation de l'invention,
  • - la figure 8B est une vue de détail à échelle agrandie d'une partie du noyau montrant le rainurage/crantage.
The present invention will be described in more detail using different embodiments shown schematically by way of example in the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an example of a projectile according to the invention, not provided with its hammer mass,
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a hammer mass for the projectile of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is an alternative embodiment of the hammer mass already provided with the pre-fitted locking finger,
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the complete projectile with its hammer mass according to FIGS. 1 and 2 or 3,
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a first variant of a projectile according to the invention,
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view of another example of a projectile according to the invention,
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a projectile the hammer mass of which is equipped with a turbine according to another embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 8A shows another alternative embodiment of the invention,
  • - Figure 8B is a detail view on an enlarged scale of a part of the core showing the grooving / notching.

Selon les figures 1, 2, 3, 4, le projectile de l'invention destiné à être tiré par une arme à feu se compose d'un noyau 1 formant une masse active ; il est revêtu d'une enveloppe 2 et comporte un logement 3 pour recevoir une masse-marteau 4 (figure 2).According to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, the projectile of the invention intended to be fired by a firearm consists of a core 1 forming an active mass; it is coated with an envelope 2 and has a housing 3 for receiving a hammer mass 4 (Figure 2).

Le logement 3, aligné sur l'axe X-X du pro­jectile est ouvert à l'arrière 5 du projectile. Intérieurement, ce logement comporte un organe de blocage 6 en forme de doigt solidaire du noyau 1. Ce doigt 6 peut être, soit réalisé dans la même matière que le noyau 1 et en même temps que le noyau 1, soit être réalisé séparément et fixé au noyau par l'inter­médiaire d'un moyen de liaison 7 solidaire en rota­tion de façon que l'organe 6 ne puisse pas tourner par rapport au noyau 1.The housing 3, aligned with the axis XX of the projectile is open at the rear 5 of the projectile. Internally, this housing includes a blocking 6 in the form of a finger integral with the core 1. This finger 6 can either be made of the same material as the core 1 and at the same time as the core 1, or be made separately and fixed to the core by means of a connecting means 7 integral in rotation so that the member 6 cannot rotate relative to the core 1.

Toutefois comme cela sera vu ultérieurement les efforts exercés entre noyau et masse-marteau sont suffisants pour assurer dans la plupart des cas la solidarisation en rotation.However, as will be seen later, the forces exerted between the core and the hammer mass are sufficient to ensure in most cases the connection in rotation.

Entre l'organe d'accrochage 6 et plus parti­culièrement entre la surface périphérique 61 de cet organe 6 et la surface intérieure 31 du logement 3, on a un volume annulaire.Between the attachment member 6 and more particularly between the peripheral surface 61 of this member 6 and the interior surface 31 of the housing 3, there is an annular volume.

Le logement 3 et en particulier sa surface intérieure 31 ainsi que l'organe de blocage 6 et sa surface 61 sont, de préférence, des éléments à symé­trie de rotation par rapport à l'axe X-X ou de révo­lution autour de l'axe X-X.The housing 3 and in particular its inner surface 31 as well as the locking member 6 and its surface 61 are preferably elements with rotation symmetry with respect to the axis X-X or with revolution about the axis X-X.

La masse-marteau 4 destinée à être placée dans le logement 3 se compose d'un corps 8 de forme cylindrique, muni dans sa partie avant d'un logement 9 dont la forme, la section et la longueur sont adap­tées à la forme, à la section et à la longueur de l'organe d'accrochage 6. A l'arrière, la masse 8 est pleine et se termine par un talon 10, par exemple tronconique dont la conicité correspond sensiblement à celle de l'ouverture arrière 5 du logement 3 du noyau 1.The hammer mass 4 intended to be placed in the housing 3 consists of a body 8 of cylindrical shape, provided in its front part with a housing 9 whose shape, section and length are adapted to the shape, the section and the length of the fastening member 6. At the rear, the mass 8 is full and ends in a heel 10, for example frustoconical, the conicity of which corresponds substantially to that of the rear opening 5 of the housing 3 of the core 1.

La masse-marteau 4 est destinée à être pla­cée dans le noyau 1 comme le montre la figure 4. En effet, la figure 4 montre la position relative de la masse-marteau 4 et du noyau actif 1 par exemple à la fabrication, lorsque le projectile est monté dans la cartouche non représentée.The hammer mass 4 is intended to be placed in the core 1 as shown in Figure 4. Indeed, Figure 4 shows the relative position of the hammer mass 4 and the active core 1 for example during manufacture, when the projectile is mounted in the cartridge not shown.

Suivant les cas, à la fin du montage du pro­jectile la masse-marteau 4 est complètement enfoncée dans le noyau 1 ou seulement de manière partielle comme cela apparaît à la figure 4.Depending on the case, at the end of the assembly of the projectile the hammer mass 4 is fully inserted into the core 1 or only partially as it appears in FIG. 4.

Dans tous les cas la jupe 11 coiffe l'organe 6 de manière à solidariser efficacement la masse-­marteau 4 et le noyau 1 pour interdire toute rotation relative de l'un par rapport à l'autre sur la tra­jectoire du projectile.In all cases, the skirt 11 covers the member 6 so as to effectively secure the hammer mass 4 and the core 1 to prevent any relative rotation of one relative to the other on the trajectory of the projectile.

Dans certains cas la masse-marteau 4 est complètement enfoncée dans le noyau 1 ; la masse 4 a ainsi pour fonction d'augmenter l'énergie que libère le projectile lors de l'impact.In some cases the hammer mass 4 is completely inserted into the core 1; the mass 4 thus has the function of increasing the energy that the projectile releases upon impact.

Dans le cas où la masse-marteau 4 n'est pas enfoncée complètement dans le logement 3 et laisse subsister une longueur L permettant un enfoncement complémentaire, la solidarisation de la masse-marteau 4 et du noyau 1 est telle qu'elle interdit toute ro­tation relative entre ces deux parties lorsque le projectile parcourt ses trajectoires dans le canon et à l'extérieur ; ce n'est qu'au moment de l'impact sur une surface dure, que la masse-marteau 4 parcourt la distance L et libère son énergie.In the case where the hammer mass 4 is not fully inserted into the housing 3 and leaves a length L allowing additional depression, the attachment of the hammer mass 4 and the core 1 is such that it prevents any rotation relative between these two parts when the projectile travels its trajectories in the barrel and outside; it is only at the time of impact on a hard surface that the hammer mass 4 travels the distance L and releases its energy.

Le parcours de la masse-marteau 4 peut être mis à profit pour communiquer au noyau 1 une impul­sion de rotation complémentaire au moment de l'impact, pour augmenter l'effet perforateur du pro­jectile . Cette impulsion de rotation se communique au noyau 1 par un moyen de liaison approprié, décrit ultérieurement.The path of the hammer mass 4 can be used to communicate to the core 1 a complementary rotational impulse at the time of impact, to increase the perforating effect of the projectile. This rotational pulse is communicated to the core 1 by an appropriate connecting means, described later.

La forme respective du logement 3, de la jupe 11 et de l'organe 6 sont choisies de façon à bloquer solidairement en rotation la masse-marteau 4 et le noyau 1. Pour cela la surface 31 peut par exem­ ple être légèrement tronconique ; il peut en être de même de la surface extérieure de la jupe 11 ou encore de forme de la surface intérieure de la jupe et celle de l'organe 6.The respective shape of the housing 3, of the skirt 11 and of the member 6 are chosen so as to solidly block in rotation the hammer mass 4 and the core 1. For this, the surface 31 can for example ple be slightly frustoconical; the same can be said of the outer surface of the skirt 11 or of the shape of the inner surface of the skirt and that of the member 6.

Suivant un mode de réalisation simple, la jupe 11 est constituée par des branches qui s'écar­tent sous l'effet de l'enfoncement de l'organe 6. Dans le cas le plus simple, l'organe 6 est une tige cylindrique ou tronconique.According to a simple embodiment, the skirt 11 is constituted by branches which move apart under the effect of the depression of the member 6. In the simplest case, the member 6 is a cylindrical or frustoconical rod .

Il peut également être intéressant de n'en­foncer la masse-marteau 4 que de manière partielle à la fabrication et d'utiliser un premier mouvement de translation, du départ du coup et grâce à un rainura­ge hélicoïdal interne du projectile, entre la masse-­marteau 4 et le noyau 1 pour "aider au lancement" du projectile et amorcer sa mise en rotation dans le ca­non et sa prise de rainures. Pour ce mouvement on so­lidarise en même temps la masse-marteau 4 et le noyau 1 sans pour autant supprimer la longueur libre L qui sera réduite.It may also be advantageous to insert the hammer mass 4 only partially during manufacture and to use a first translational movement, from the start of the shot and thanks to an internal helical grooving of the projectile, between the hammer mass 4 and the core 1 to "help launch" the projectile and initiate its rotation in the barrel and its taking of grooves. For this movement, the hammer mass 4 and the core 1 are secured at the same time without eliminating the free length L which will be reduced.

La partie arrière tronconique 10 qui s'ap­puie sur la paroi de l'ouverture arrière 5 complète le blocage et assure une étanchéité parfaite tout en retenant ou en bloquant, le cas échéant, le bord 12 de l'enveloppe 2.The frustoconical rear part 10 which rests on the wall of the rear opening 5 completes the blocking and ensures perfect sealing while retaining or blocking, if necessary, the edge 12 of the envelope 2.

De manière particulière, cette partie tron­conique 10 peut comporter des organes d'accrochage 13 qui viennent s'accrocher dans l'enveloppe 2 et dans la surface de l'ouverture arrière 5 du noyau 1 pour augmenter la solidarisation et l'accrochage.In particular, this frusto-conical part 10 may include hooking members 13 which are hooked in the casing 2 and in the surface of the rear opening 5 of the core 1 to increase the joining and the hooking.

Cela permet également de réaliser l'étan­chéité aux gaz de manière à éviter toute décohésion ou désolidarisation meme légère entre les trois par­ties du projectile : le noyau 1- la masse-marteau 4- ­l'enveloppe 2, et qui serait préjudiciable à la ba­ listique interne et externe ainsi qu'aux performances.This also makes it possible to achieve gas tightness so as to avoid any loosening or even slight separation between the three parts of the projectile: the core 1- the hammer mass 4- the casing 2, and which would be detrimental to the ba internal and external listing as well as performance.

Il est à remarquer que suivant la matière employée pour la masse-marteau 4, la tête du noyau présente une plus grande élasticité due à la profon­deur plus ou moins importante du logement du noyau.It should be noted that depending on the material used for the hammer mass 4, the head of the core has greater elasticity due to the greater or lesser depth of the housing of the core.

Enfin même dans un canon lisse, l'invention permet de donner un effet de rotation au projectile.Finally, even in a smooth barrel, the invention makes it possible to give the projectile a rotational effect.

La figure 3 représente une variante intéres­sante de la masse-marteau. Dans ce cas, on réalise séparément la masse-marteau 4, le noyau 1 et l'organe de blocage 6, puis on assemble d'abord la masse-­marteau 4 et l'organe 6 en introduisant ce dernier dans la masse-marteau sans toutefois écarter la jupe 11 pour ne pas interdire ultérieurement la mise en place de cet ensemble pré-assemblé dans le logement du noyau actif.Figure 3 shows an interesting variant of the hammer mass. In this case, the hammer mass 4, the core 1 and the locking member 6 are produced separately, then the hammer mass 4 and the member 6 are first assembled by introducing the latter into the hammer mass without however, discard the skirt 11 so as not to subsequently prohibit the installation of this pre-assembled assembly in the housing of the active core.

Cette façon de procéder permet de réaliser d'une part l'ensemble pré-assemblé (masse-marteau 4 et doigt 6) et d'autre part le projectile monté sans sa masse-marteau.This procedure makes it possible on the one hand to make the pre-assembled assembly (hammer mass 4 and finger 6) and on the other hand the projectile mounted without its hammer mass.

Cette façon de réaliser séparément les deux ensembles est possible car l'organe de blocage 6 a pour rôle principal une fonction de coin d'écartement.This way of making the two assemblies separately is possible because the main role of the locking member 6 is a spacer wedge function.

La figure 5 montre un autre mode de réalisa­tion d'un projectile selon l'invention. Ce projectile à masse-marteau 4A se distingue du projectile des fi­gures 1, 2, 3, 4, par le fait que l'enveloppe 2A ne recouvre que la partie arrière du noyau 1A et non l'ensemble de ce noyau. Pour le reste, les caracté­ristiques sont sensiblement identiques. Il est à remarquer, toutefois, que dans ce second mode de réalisation, l'organe de blocage 6A est réalisé en une seule pièce avec le noyau 1A. Suivant une varian­ te non représentée, cet organe 6A pourrait également être réalisé séparément puis solidarisé au noyau 1A par un moyen de liaison non représenté.Figure 5 shows another embodiment of a projectile according to the invention. This hammer-mass projectile 4A differs from the projectile of FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, by the fact that the casing 2A covers only the rear part of the core 1A and not the whole of this core. For the rest, the characteristics are substantially identical. It should be noted, however, that in this second embodiment, the locking member 6A is made in one piece with the core 1A. Following a varian te not shown, this member 6A could also be produced separately and then secured to the core 1A by a connecting means not shown.

La figure 6 montre une variante de réalisa­tion de l'invention dans laquelle l'enveloppe 2B re­couvre l'ensemble du noyau 1B.FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention in which the envelope 2B covers the entire core 1B.

L'organe d'accrochage 6B et la masse-marteau 4B correspondent, pour l'essentiel, au mode de réali­sation décrit ci-dessus. On notera les organes d'é­tanchéité 13B sur le talon 10B de la masse-marteau 4B.The hooking member 6B and the hammer mass 4B essentially correspond to the embodiment described above. Note the sealing members 13B on the heel 10B of the hammer mass 4B.

La figure 7 montre une variante de réalisa­tion du projectile 1C de la figure 6. Ce mode de ré­alisation se distingue du précédent en ce que la masse-marteau 4C comporte des rainures ou nervures 14C coopérant avec des organes complémentaires, (rainures ou nervures) 15C réalisés dans la paroi du logement 3C. Dans ce cas, si au moment de la fabrica­tion et après le départ du coup, la masse-marteau 4C n'est pas enfoncée complètement dans son logement, tout en y étant suffisamment enfoncée pour être soli­darisée du noyau 1C, au moment de l'impact sur une surface dure, la distance L que la masse-marteau peut encore parcourir par rapport au noyau 1C permet de donner au noyau 1C une nouvelle impulsion de rotation améliorant ses caractéristiques de perforation de l'objectif.Figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the projectile 1C of Figure 6. This embodiment differs from the previous in that the hammer mass 4C has grooves or ribs 14C cooperating with complementary members, (grooves or ribs) 15C made in the wall of the housing 3C. In this case, if at the time of manufacture and after the start of the blow, the hammer mass 4C is not fully pushed into its housing, while being pressed enough to be secured to the core 1C, at the time of impact on a hard surface, the distance L that the hammer mass can still travel relative to the core 1C makes it possible to give the core 1C a new rotational pulse improving its perforation characteristics of the objective.

En partie arrière, la masse-marteau 4C com­porte une partie terminale 10C (ou selon une variante une partie 16C) en forme de turbine, de manière à utiliser l'énergie des gaz en mouvement hélicoïdal à l'intérieur du canon de l'arme, après le départ du coup. Cela permet de communiquer au projectile soli­daire en rotation de la masse-marteau, une impulsion de rotation complémentaire ou un maintien d'une bonne rotation.In the rear part, the hammer mass 4C comprises a terminal part 10C (or according to a variant a part 16C) in the form of a turbine, so as to use the energy of the gases in helical movement inside the barrel of the weapon , after the start of the move. This makes it possible to communicate to the projectile integral in rotation with the hammer mass, an additional rotational impulse or the maintenance of good rotation.

Le mode de réalisation du projectile repré­senté à la figure 8A est de type voisin de celui des figures 6 et 7, sauf que la surface extérieure de la partie arrière 17D du noyau 1D, comporte des bossages 18D avec un rainurage et/ou un crantage hélicoïdal. La forme de la partie correspondante de l'enveloppe 2D peut, également être bosselée.The embodiment of the projectile represented in FIG. 8A is of a type similar to that of FIGS. 6 and 7, except that the external surface of the rear part 17D of the core 1D, includes bosses 18D with a grooving and / or a helical notching . The shape of the corresponding part of the 2D envelope can also be embossed.

Enfin, au niveau de la zone 19D formant l'é­paulement du noyau 1D et à l'arrière 20D, on peut également avoir un rainurage ou un crantage hélicoïdal.Finally, at the area 19D forming the shoulder of the core 1D and at the rear 20D, it is also possible to have a grooving or a helical notching.

La figure 8B montre de manière schématique et à échelle agrandie la forme du rainurage 21D et du crantage 22D sur les bossages 18D et sur l'épaulement 19D du noyau 1D.Figure 8B shows schematically and on an enlarged scale the shape of the grooving 21D and the notch 22D on the bosses 18D and on the shoulder 19D of the core 1D.

La partie arrière de l'enveloppe va glisser en épousant parfaitement la forme de ces rainurages /­crantages et servir de "canon rayé tournant" pour le noyau lors de l'impact sur un obstacle dur.The rear part of the envelope will slide while perfectly marrying the shape of these grooves / notches and serve as a "rotating striped barrel" for the core upon impact on a hard obstacle.

Ce rainurage/crantage réduit la vitesse de glissement de la partie arrière de l'enveloppe à l'impact.This grooving / notching reduces the sliding speed of the rear part of the envelope on impact.

De plus, sous l'effet du rainurage/crantage le manchon ou enveloppe, peut être déchiqueté en la­melles au moment de l'impact.In addition, under the effect of grooving / notching the sleeve or envelope, can be shredded into strips at the time of impact.

Suivant une variante non représentée en dé­tail l'intervalle subsistant entre le logement 3 du noyau 1 et la masse-marteau 4 peut former une cavité recevant une masse active par exemple explosive, poudre, composition pyrotechnique, liquide tel que de l'huile, etc.. pour augmenter l'efficacité du pro­jectile au moment de l'impact ; la pression exercée par la masse-marteau au moment de l'impact est alors suffisante pour provoquer la mise en oeuvre (allumage) de la masse active au moment de l'impact. Cette mise en oeuvre peut créer un nouveau départ de la masse-marteau qui peut devenir un projectile.According to a variant not shown in detail, the gap remaining between the housing 3 of the core 1 and the hammer mass 4 can form a cavity receiving an active mass, for example an explosive mass, powder, pyrotechnic composition, liquid such as oil, etc. .. to increase the effectiveness of the projectile at the time of impact; the pressure exerted by the hammer mass at the time of impact is then sufficient to cause the implementation (ignition) of the active mass at the time of impact. This implementation can create a new start of the hammer mass which can become a projectile.

Comme il subsiste également une chambre dans le logement 9 de la masse-marteau 4 derrière l'organe de blocage 6, cette chambre peut également recevoir une masse active.As there is also a chamber in the housing 9 of the hammer mass 4 behind the locking member 6, this chamber can also receive an active mass.

Il est également à remarquer que les cham­bres évoquées ci-dessus peuvent également rester vi­des ou recevoir des masses complémentaires permettant de positionner à volonté ou de manière optimale, le centre de gravité du projectile.It should also be noted that the chambers mentioned above can also remain empty or receive additional masses enabling the center of gravity of the projectile to be positioned at will or optimally.

Suivant une variante représentée aux figures 2 et 3, le fond du logement 9 de la masse-marteau est de forme conique et l'extrémité libre du doigt for­mant l'organe de blocage 6 se termine par une pointe conique.According to a variant shown in Figures 2 and 3, the bottom of the housing 9 of the hammer mass is conical and the free end of the finger forming the locking member 6 ends in a conical tip.

Claims (14)

1°) Projectile destiné à être tiré par une arme à feu, projectile comprenant :
- un noyau (1) entouré d'une enveloppe (2) et conte­nant une masse-marteau (4)
projectile caractérisé par : A - un logement axial (3) réalisé dans le noyau (1) et ouvert vers l'arrière du noyau, B - un organe de blocage (6), C - la masse-marteau (4), de section correspondant à celle du logement, présente, à l'avant, une forme complémentaire de celle de l'organe de blocage (6) pour le recevoir et coopérer avec lui par une liaison par la forme, sous l'effet d'une poussée exercée sur l'arrière de la masse-marteau,
les dimensions respectives de l'organe de blocage (6) et celles à l'intérieur du logement (3) étant telles que la masse-marteau (4) ne peut s'enfoncer dans le logement (3) que de force et/ou sous l'effet du dé­part du coup pour solidariser la masse (4) et le noyau (1). 1) Projectile intended to be fired by a firearm, projectile comprising:
- a core (1) surrounded by an envelope (2) and containing a hammer mass (4)
projectile characterized by: A - an axial housing (3) produced in the core (1) and open towards the rear of the core, B - a blocking member (6), C - the hammer mass (4), of section corresponding to that of the housing, has, at the front, a shape complementary to that of the blocking member (6) for receiving it and cooperating with it by a connection by the shape, under the effect of a thrust exerted on the rear of the hammer mass,
the respective dimensions of the locking member (6) and those inside the housing (3) being such that the hammer mass (4) can only sink into the housing (3) by force and / or under the effect of the start of the blow to secure the mass (4) and the core (1). 2°) Projectile selon la revendication 1, ca­ractérisé en ce que l'organe de blocage (6) du noyau (1) est un doigt et la forme correspondante de la masse marteau (4) est un logement destiné à recevoir l'organe de blocage (6).2) Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the blocking member (6) of the core (1) is a finger and the corresponding shape of the hammer mass (4) is a housing intended to receive the blocking (6). 3°) Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de blocage (6) est un doigt placé dans le logement (9) correspondant de la masse-marteau (4) dans une position permettant la mise en place de la masse-­marteau (4) dans le noyau (1) et qui sous l'effet d'une poussée exercée sur l'autre extrémité de la masse-marteau (4) prend appui sur le fond du logement (3) du noyau (1) et s'enfonce dans la masse-marteau (4) pour solidariser celle-ci du noyau (1)3 °) Projectile according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the locking member (6) is a finger placed in the housing (9) corresponding to the hammer mass (4) in a position allowing the introduction of the hammer mass (4) in the core (1) and which under the effect of a thrust exerted on the other end of the hammer mass (4) is supported on the bottom of the housing ( 3) of the core (1) and sinks into the hammer mass (4) to secure it to the core (1) 4°) Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2 caractérisé en ce que l'organe de blocage (6) en forme de doigt est fixé au fond du logement (3) du noyau et est en particulier réalisé en une seule pièce avec celui-ci.4 °) Projectile according to any one of claims 1 and 2 characterized in that the blocking member (6) in the shape of a finger is fixed to the bottom of the housing (3) of the core and is in particular made in one piece with this one. 5°) Projectile selon la revendication 2, ca­ractérisé en ce qu'au moins la surface intérieure du logement (3C) du noyau (1C) et/ou la surface exté­rieure de la masselotte (6C) comportent des rainures/nervures hélicoïdales (14C, 15C) pour, qu'en cas ue mouvement relatif entre le noyau et la masselotte, ce mouvement se traduise par une impul­sion de rotation communiquée au noyau au départ du coup et/ou à l'impact du projectile sur une surface dure.5 °) Projectile according to claim 2, characterized in that at least the internal surface of the housing (3C) of the core (1C) and / or the external surface of the counterweight (6C) have helical grooves / ribs (14C, 15C) so that, in the event of a relative movement between the core and the counterweight, this movement results in a rotational impulse communicated to the core at the start of the shot and / or on impact of the projectile on a hard surface. 6°) Projectile selon la revendication 5, ca­ractérisé en ce que la surface intérieure de la jupe de la masse-marteau est de forme tronconique de façon que la jupe s'écarte lorsque la masse-marteau s'em­broche sur le doigt (6).6 °) Projectile according to claim 5, characterized in that the inner surface of the skirt of the hammer mass is of frustoconical shape so that the skirt moves apart when the hammer mass is plugged on the finger (6) . 7°) Projectile selon la revendication 1, ca­ractérisé en ce que la surface extérieure du noyau (1C, 1D, 18D) comporte un rainurage/crantage hélicoï­dal coopérant avec l'enveloppe (2C, 2D).7 °) Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer surface of the core (1C, 1D, 18D) comprises a helical grooving / notching cooperating with the envelope (2C, 2D). 8°) Projectile selon la revendication 1, ca­ractérisé en ce que la masse-marteau (4, 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) comporte un talon (10, 10B, 10C, 16C) assurant l'étanchéité du logement (3, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D) qui re­çoit cette masse-marteau.8 °) Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the hammer mass (4, 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) has a heel (10, 10B, 10C, 16C) ensuring the tightness of the housing (3, 3A , 3B, 3C, 3D) which receives this hammer mass. 9°) Projectile selon la revendication 6, ca­ractérisé en ce que le talon (10, 10B, 10C, 16C) com­porte une turbine.9 °) Projectile according to claim 6, characterized in that the heel (10, 10B, 10C, 16C) comprises a turbine. 10°) Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il subsiste entre la masse-­ marteau (4) et le noyau (1), au moins une chambre non complètement occupée par la masse-marteau (4) et qui reçoit une masse active.10 °) Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that it remains between the mass- hammer (4) and the core (1), at least one chamber not completely occupied by the hammer mass (4) and which receives an active mass. 11°) Projectile selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la ou les chambres qui subsistent entre la masse-marteau (4) et le noyau (1) restent vides ou reçoivent des charges pour position­ner le centre de gravité du projectile.11 °) Projectile according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the chamber or chambers which remain between the hammer mass (4) and the core (1) remain empty or receive loads to position the center of gravity of the projectile. 12°) Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la partie arrière (17D) du noyau (1D) comporte des bossages (18D) munis de rai­nurages (21D) pour coopérer avec l'enveloppe (2D).12 °) Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear part (17D) of the core (1D) comprises bosses (18D) provided with grooves (21D) to cooperate with the envelope (2D). 13°) Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la partie arrière (17D) du noyau (1D) comporte un épaulement (19D) avec un cran­tage (22D) pour coopérer avec l'enveloppe (2D).13 °) Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear part (17D) of the core (1D) has a shoulder (19D) with a notch (22D) to cooperate with the envelope (2D). 14°) Projectile selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le logement (9) à l'inté­rieur de la masse-marteau (4) se termine par un fond conique et l'extrémité libre de l'organe de blocage (6) en forme de doigt se termine par une pointe conique.14 °) Projectile according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the housing (9) inside the hammer mass (4) ends in a conical bottom and the free end of the locking member ( 6) finger-shaped ends with a conical point.
EP87402392A 1987-10-05 1987-10-23 Projectile Withdrawn EP0312666A1 (en)

Priority Applications (18)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP87402392A EP0312666A1 (en) 1987-10-23 1987-10-23 Projectile
CA000578992A CA1333543C (en) 1987-10-05 1988-09-30 Firearm projectile
AU25596/88A AU604990B2 (en) 1987-10-05 1988-10-04 Projectile intended to be fired by a fire-arm
PCT/FR1988/000491 WO1989003015A2 (en) 1987-10-05 1988-10-04 Projectile intended to be fired by a fire-arm
PT88675A PT88675B (en) 1987-10-05 1988-10-04 PROJECTILE DESIGNED TO BE SHOT BY A FIREARM
KR1019890701025A KR890701979A (en) 1987-10-05 1988-10-04 Bullet fired by firearms
EP88909552A EP0335960B1 (en) 1987-10-05 1988-10-04 Projectile intended to be fired by a fire-arm
AT88909552T ATE100577T1 (en) 1987-10-05 1988-10-04 BULLET FOR FIREARMS.
DE3887319T DE3887319T2 (en) 1987-10-05 1988-10-04 BULLET FOR FIREARMS.
BR888807232A BR8807232A (en) 1987-10-05 1988-10-04 PROJECTIL FOR RAISED WEAPON
US07/362,439 US5069139A (en) 1987-10-05 1988-10-04 Projectile intended to be fired by a fire-arm
CN88109180A CN1019144B (en) 1987-10-05 1988-10-05 Projectile launched by firearm
GR880100663A GR1002584B (en) 1987-10-05 1988-10-05 Projectile for shooting with a gun
YU01856/88A YU185688A (en) 1987-10-05 1988-10-05 Projectile
ES8803025A ES2011128A6 (en) 1987-10-05 1988-10-05 Projectile intended to be fired by a fire-arm.
OA59587A OA09076A (en) 1987-10-05 1989-06-05 Projectile intended to be fired by a firearm.
US07/797,895 US5175392A (en) 1987-10-05 1991-11-26 Projectile intended to be fired by a fire-arm
CA000616730A CA1337544C (en) 1987-10-05 1993-09-21 Projectile to be fired by a firearm

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP87402392A EP0312666A1 (en) 1987-10-23 1987-10-23 Projectile

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0312666A1 true EP0312666A1 (en) 1989-04-26

Family

ID=8198269

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87402392A Withdrawn EP0312666A1 (en) 1987-10-05 1987-10-23 Projectile

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0312666A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5678280A (en) * 1994-03-28 1997-10-21 Hawa Ag Apparatus for guiding displaceable elements
US11867487B1 (en) * 2021-03-03 2024-01-09 Wach Llc System and method for aeronautical stabilization

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4085678A (en) * 1977-04-25 1978-04-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Kinetic energy, impact-separated, follow-through ungula penetrator
FR2535450A1 (en) * 1981-03-05 1984-05-04 Saint Louis Inst Active armour penetrating projectile

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4085678A (en) * 1977-04-25 1978-04-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Kinetic energy, impact-separated, follow-through ungula penetrator
FR2535450A1 (en) * 1981-03-05 1984-05-04 Saint Louis Inst Active armour penetrating projectile

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5678280A (en) * 1994-03-28 1997-10-21 Hawa Ag Apparatus for guiding displaceable elements
US11867487B1 (en) * 2021-03-03 2024-01-09 Wach Llc System and method for aeronautical stabilization

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