EP0539257A1 - Cargo munition - Google Patents

Cargo munition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0539257A1
EP0539257A1 EP92402725A EP92402725A EP0539257A1 EP 0539257 A1 EP0539257 A1 EP 0539257A1 EP 92402725 A EP92402725 A EP 92402725A EP 92402725 A EP92402725 A EP 92402725A EP 0539257 A1 EP0539257 A1 EP 0539257A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
load
warhead
clearances
shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92402725A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0539257B1 (en
Inventor
Gérard Sauvestre
Dominique Dion
Régis Aumasson
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Giat Industries SA
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Giat Industries SA
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Publication of EP0539257A1 publication Critical patent/EP0539257A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
    • F42B12/62—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile

Definitions

  • the field of the present invention is that of artillery cargo shells.
  • Cargo shells are projectiles intended to transport a payload, then to release it at a point in their trajectory.
  • the payload may for example be an illuminating load or even be constituted by a stack of several submunitions.
  • Patent FR2363077 describes such a type of shell which comprises an envelope closed at one of its ends by a base and at the other by a warhead.
  • a gas-generating pyrotechnic composition is placed inside the warhead. It is initiated by a chronometric rocket and generates a gas pressure which acts on a piston. The thrust exerted by the piston on the stack of submunitions leads to the separation of the base and the shell of the projectile then the ejection of the submunitions from the shell.
  • Patent US4771696 proposes a cargo shell in which a belt disposed on the envelope ensures the rotation of the latter by the scratches of the barrel of the weapon.
  • the envelope has on its internal cylindrical surface radial notches which cooperate with complementary slots produced on the external surface of a base.
  • the base comes to bear on the payload at a ring which carries notches arranged in an axial direction and cooperating with corresponding slots carried by the payload.
  • the base is held in abutment against the payload by means of a threaded ring.
  • the cargo envelope is generally relatively thin in order to allow the carrying of a large payload, which limits the depth of the radial notches and therefore the mechanical strength of the latter.
  • This extension constitutes an additional part which must be manufactured, supplied and mounted on the shell which is penalizing from a cost point of view. In addition it requires the completion of additional machining to perform the mounting on the base.
  • the shell proposed by the invention can also be easily adapted to a payload of different mass without the mechanical strength of the cargo ship being altered.
  • the subject of the invention is a cargo shell intended to transport at least one load and consisting of an envelope on which is disposed at least one rotating drive belt, envelope closed at one of its ends by a base and at the other by a warhead inside which is disposed a gas-generating pyrotechnic composition intended to come to act on a piston at the time of the ejection of the charge, shell comprising means which ensure the driving in rotation of the charge by the casing and characterized in that these drive means comprise, on the one hand crenals arranged on an extension of the warhead and cooperating with notches arranged on an upper face of the piston, and on the other hand means of rotational connection of the piston and the load itself.
  • the means for rotationally connecting the piston and the load itself comprise at least two clearances carried by a lower face of the piston and arranged opposite similar clearances arranged on the load, these clearances being intended to receive keys which realize the connection in rotation between the load and the piston.
  • the sub-load in contact with the piston also bears on a lower face of the clearances arranged opposite similar clearances fitted on the adjacent sub-load, these clearances being intended also to receive keys which provide the rotational connection between the two sub-loads.
  • a cargo shell 1 consists of a cylindrical steel casing 2, closed at one of its ends (called rear end) by a base 3, and at its other end (called front end) by a warhead 4.
  • the envelope carries at its rear part a belt 5 intended to take the scratches from the barrel of a weapon (not shown) and thus to drive the envelope in rotation.
  • the belt consists of a copper ring welded to the outer surface of the envelope.
  • the warhead carries a chronometric rocket 6 of known type which is programmed mechanically or electronically before the firing of the shell by the weapon. This rocket commands, at the end of the time thus programmed, the ignition of a gas-generating pyrotechnic composition 7.
  • the base 3 is made integral with the casing 2 by means of a thread 8 whose direction of rotation is opposite to that of the scratches in the barrel of the weapon.
  • the warhead 4 is also linked to the casing 2 by a thread 9 whose direction of rotation is identical to that of the scratches in the barrel of the weapon.
  • the envelope here contains a stack of three sub-charges 10a, 10b, 10c which are not described in more detail and which may for example be dispersible mines.
  • the underload 10c disposed at the rear of the shell is supported on the base 3, the front underload 10a is in contact with a piston 11, the median underload 10b being in contact with the other two.
  • the piston 11 separates the stack of sub-charges from a cavity 12 internal to the warhead 4. This piston is intended to receive the pressure of the gases generated by the combustion of the pyrotechnic charge 7.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b show the warhead 4 in more detail.
  • the latter comprises at its front part a tapping 15, intended to receive the time rocket 6, and at its rear part 4 an extension 16.
  • This extension carries the thread 9, which allows the warhead and the shell of the shell to be secured, as well as four slots 13 regularly angularly distributed and separated by notches 14.
  • the warhead also carries on its internal surface a thread 26 intended to receive a ring 25 (see FIG. 1), the function of which will be specified later.
  • Figures 3a, 3b and 3c show the piston 11 in detail.
  • the latter consists of a cylindrical plate whose external diameter is substantially equal to the internal diameter of the shell of the shell.
  • the external cylindrical surface of the piston 11 carries a groove 23 which is intended to receive a seal (not shown) which will provide a seal against the gases generated by the pyrotechnic composition 7.
  • the front face 19 of the piston 11 (shown in FIG. 3b) carries four slots 17 separated by notches 18.
  • the slots 17 and notches 18 are intended to cooperate with the slots 13 and notches 14 carried by the warhead so as to ensure the rotational connection of the warhead 4 and the piston 11.
  • the widths of the notches 18 carried by the piston 11 will be equal to the widths of the slots 13 carried by the warhead 4.
  • the rear face 20 of the piston 11 (shown in FIG. 3c) carries two recesses 21 arranged at the external diameter and symmetrically to one another relative to a radial plane (P) of the piston.
  • the underloads also have, arranged at their front and rear faces, clearances of the same geometry and the same angular arrangement as those made on the piston.
  • the clearances are intended to receive keys 22 which ensure the rotational driving of the front underload 10a by the piston 11.
  • Keys 22 are also arranged at the clearances arranged between the different sub-loads and thus ensure the rotational driving of the median sub-load 10b by the front sub-load 10a and that of the rear sub-load 10c by the median underload 10b.
  • the keys 22 (see FIG. 3d) have a shape complementary to those of the recesses 21 and are therefore delimited by a flat surface 22a and a cylindrical surface portion 22b with a diameter substantially equal to the external diameter of the piston 11.
  • the thickness (e) of the keys is substantially equal to the sum of the depths (h) of the two clearances inside which it is arranged (see FIG. 3a).
  • the total height of the stack is chosen so that there remains an axial clearance between the upper face 19 of the piston 11 and the threaded ring 25 ( Figure 1).
  • This clearance is canceled after assembly by means of the threaded ring 25.
  • This ring is screwed through the opening of the warhead intended to receive the rocket 6 so that it comes into contact with the upper face 19 of the piston 11 and places the stack of underloads in abutment on the base.
  • a suitable tool will be necessary to allow the screwing of the ring 25 through the opening.
  • notches will be provided on the internal surface of the ring in order to facilitate its entrainment by a tightening tool.
  • the ring 25 thus catches up with the axial play in mounting the stack of underloads.
  • the slots and notches of the warhead and the piston will be given depths greater than the axial mounting clearance. This is so that after catching the clearance by the ring, the rotational connection of the warhead and the piston is still effective.
  • the belt 5 will rotate the casing 2 which itself drives the warhead 4 by threading.
  • the warhead will drive the piston 11 by means of the slots and notches, the piston causing the upper underload 10a by means of the keys 22 and the clearances 21.
  • Each underload also causing the adjacent underload by means of keys 22.
  • the shell according to the invention thus ensures the joining of the envelope and the payload without requiring complex machining of the base and without weakening the thickness of the envelope 2 in line with the base.
  • the shell according to the invention is easily adaptable to carrying payloads of different masses.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

Le secteur technique de l'invention est celui des obus cargos d'artillerie. L'obus cargo (1) selon l'invention est destiné à transporter au moins une charge, il est constitué par une enveloppe (2) sur laquelle est disposée au moins une ceinture (5) d'entraînement en rotation, enveloppe fermée à une de ses extrémités par un culot (3) et à l'autre par une ogive (4) à l'intérieur de laquelle est disposée une composition pyrotechnique (7) génératrice de gaz destinée à venir agir sur un piston (11) au moment de l'ejection de la charge, cet obus est caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'entraînement en rotation de la charge par l'enveloppe comprennent des crénaux (13) aménagés sur un prolongement (16) de l'ogive (4) et coopérant avec des encoches (18) aménagées sur une face supérieure (19) du piston (11), ainsi que des moyens de liaison en rotation du piston (11) et de la charge elle même. Application aux obus cargos disperseurs de mines. <IMAGE>The technical sector of the invention is that of artillery cargo shells. The cargo shell (1) according to the invention is intended to transport at least one load, it is constituted by an envelope (2) on which is disposed at least one belt (5) for driving in rotation, envelope closed to a from its ends by a base (3) and to the other by a warhead (4) inside which is disposed a pyrotechnic composition (7) generating gas intended to act on a piston (11) at the time of ejection of the charge, this shell is characterized in that the means for driving the charge in rotation by the envelope comprise notches (13) arranged on an extension (16) of the warhead (4) and cooperating with notches (18) arranged on an upper face (19) of the piston (11), as well as means for rotationally connecting the piston (11) and the load itself. Application to mine disperser cargo shells. <IMAGE>

Description

Le domaine de la présente invention est celui des obus cargos d'artillerie.The field of the present invention is that of artillery cargo shells.

Les obus cargos sont des projectiles destinés à transporter une charge utile, puis à la libérer en un point de leur trajectoire.Cargo shells are projectiles intended to transport a payload, then to release it at a point in their trajectory.

La charge utile pourra être par exemple une charge éclairante ou encore être constituée par un empilement de plusieurs sous-munitions.The payload may for example be an illuminating load or even be constituted by a stack of several submunitions.

Le brevet FR2363077 décrit un tel type d'obus qui comporte une enveloppe fermée à une de ses extrémités par un culot et à l'autre par une ogive.Patent FR2363077 describes such a type of shell which comprises an envelope closed at one of its ends by a base and at the other by a warhead.

Une composition pyrotechnique génératrice de gaz est disposée à l'intérieur de l'ogive. Elle est initiée par une fusée chronométrique et engendre une pression de gaz qui agit sur un piston. La poussée exercée par le piston sur l'empilement des sous-munitions entraîne la séparation du culot et de l'enveloppe du projectile puis l'éjection des sous-munitions hors de l'enveloppe.A gas-generating pyrotechnic composition is placed inside the warhead. It is initiated by a chronometric rocket and generates a gas pressure which acts on a piston. The thrust exerted by the piston on the stack of submunitions leads to the separation of the base and the shell of the projectile then the ejection of the submunitions from the shell.

Ces obus cargos sont le plus souvent gyrostabilisés en étant tirés à partir d'un canon à tube rayé. Il se pose alors le problème de l'entraînement en rotation de la charge utile par l'obus cargo.These cargo shells are most often gyrostabilized by being fired from a barrel with a striped tube. There then arises the problem of the rotational training of the payload by the cargo shell.

Le brevet US4771696 propose un obus cargo dans lequel une ceinture disposée sur l'enveloppe assure l' entraînement en rotation de cette dernière par les rayures du tube de l'arme. L'enveloppe présente sur sa surface cylindrique interne des encoches radiales qui coopèrent avec des créneaux complémentaires réalisés sur la surface externe d'un culot.Patent US4771696 proposes a cargo shell in which a belt disposed on the envelope ensures the rotation of the latter by the scratches of the barrel of the weapon. The envelope has on its internal cylindrical surface radial notches which cooperate with complementary slots produced on the external surface of a base.

Le culot vient en appui sur la charge utile au niveau d'une couronne qui porte des encoches aménagées suivant une direction axiale et coopérant avec des créneaux correspondant portés par la charge utile.The base comes to bear on the payload at a ring which carries notches arranged in an axial direction and cooperating with corresponding slots carried by the payload.

Le culot est maintenu en appui contre la charge utile au moyen d'une bague filetée.The base is held in abutment against the payload by means of a threaded ring.

Une telle solution est relativement complexe car elle impose de réaliser sur le culot des encoches suivant les directions radiales et axiales.Such a solution is relatively complex because it requires making notches on the base in the radial and axial directions.

De plus l'enveloppe du cargo est en général relativement mince afin de permettre l'emport d'une charge utile importante ce qui limite la profondeur des encoches radiales et donc la tenue mécanique de ces dernières.In addition, the cargo envelope is generally relatively thin in order to allow the carrying of a large payload, which limits the depth of the radial notches and therefore the mechanical strength of the latter.

Enfin avec un tel mode d'assemblage, des fuites de gaz sont possibles entre le culot et la bague de maintien filetée, c'est pourquoi il est indispensable de prévoir un prolongement arrière qui est vissé sur le culot et vient en appui sur l'arrière de l'enveloppe.Finally with such an assembly method, gas leaks are possible between the base and the threaded retaining ring, this is why it is essential to provide a rear extension which is screwed onto the base and comes to bear on the back of the envelope.

Ce prolongement constitue une pièce supplémentaire qu'il faut fabriquer, approvisionner et monter sur l'obus ce qui est pénalisant du point de vue coût. De plus il impose la réalisation d'un usinage supplémentaire permettant de réaliser le montage sur le culot.This extension constitutes an additional part which must be manufactured, supplied and mounted on the shell which is penalizing from a cost point of view. In addition it requires the completion of additional machining to perform the mounting on the base.

C'est le but de l'invention que de proposer un obus cargo dans lequel les moyens permettant l'entraînement en rotation de la charge utile sont de conception simple et peu coûteuse tout en présentant une excellente tenue mécanique.It is the object of the invention to propose a cargo shell in which the means allowing the payload to be driven in rotation are of simple and inexpensive design while exhibiting excellent mechanical strength.

L'obus proposé par l'invention peut également être facilement adapté à une charge utile de masse différente sans que la tenue mécanique du cargo ne soit altérée.The shell proposed by the invention can also be easily adapted to a payload of different mass without the mechanical strength of the cargo ship being altered.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet un obus cargo destiné à transporter au moins une charge et constitué par une enveloppe sur laquelle est disposée au moins une ceinture d'entraînement en rotation, enveloppe fermée à une de ses extrémités par un culot et à l'autre par une ogive à l'intérieur de laquelle est disposée une composition pyrotechnique génératrice de gaz destinée à venir agir sur un piston au moment de l'ejection de la charge, obus comportant des moyens qui assurent l'entraînement en rotation de la charge par l'enveloppe et caractérisé en ce que ces moyens d'entraînement comprennent, d'une part des crénaux aménagés sur un prolongement de l'ogive et coopérant avec des encoches aménagées sur une face supérieure du piston, et d'autre part des moyens de liaison en rotation du piston et de la charge elle-même.Thus the subject of the invention is a cargo shell intended to transport at least one load and consisting of an envelope on which is disposed at least one rotating drive belt, envelope closed at one of its ends by a base and at the other by a warhead inside which is disposed a gas-generating pyrotechnic composition intended to come to act on a piston at the time of the ejection of the charge, shell comprising means which ensure the driving in rotation of the charge by the casing and characterized in that these drive means comprise, on the one hand crenals arranged on an extension of the warhead and cooperating with notches arranged on an upper face of the piston, and on the other hand means of rotational connection of the piston and the load itself.

Une telle disposition permet d'assurer l'entraînement en rotation de la charge par l'intermédiaire de l'ogive du projectile.Such an arrangement makes it possible to ensure the rotational drive of the load via the projectile warhead.

Selon un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention, les moyens de liaison en rotation du piston et de la charge elle même comprennent au moins deux dégagements portés par une face inférieure du piston et disposés en regard de dégagements analogues aménagés sur la charge, ces dégagements étant destinés à recevoir des clavettes qui réalisent la liaison en rotation entre la charge et le piston.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the means for rotationally connecting the piston and the load itself comprise at least two clearances carried by a lower face of the piston and arranged opposite similar clearances arranged on the load, these clearances being intended to receive keys which realize the connection in rotation between the load and the piston.

Dans le cas où la charge se trouve divisée en au moins deux sous-charges empilées axialement à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe, la sous-charge en contact avec le piston porte également sur une face inférieure des dégagements disposés en regard de dégagements analogues aménagés sur la sous-charge adjacente, ces dégagements étant destinés à recevoir eux aussi des clavettes qui réalisent la liaison en rotation entre les deux sous-charges.In the case where the load is divided into at least two sub-loads stacked axially inside the envelope, the sub-load in contact with the piston also bears on a lower face of the clearances arranged opposite similar clearances fitted on the adjacent sub-load, these clearances being intended also to receive keys which provide the rotational connection between the two sub-loads.

De façon avantageuse, l'obus comporte une bague filetée vissée sur un taraudage aménagé sur la face interne de l'ogive et venant en appui sur le piston.

  • La figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un obus cargo selon l'invention,
  • Les figures 2a et 2b sont des vues de l'ogive seule, la figure 2b étant une vue en coupe axiale suivant le plan AA de la figure 2a,
  • La figure 3a est une vue du piston en coupe axiale suivant le plan BB de la figure 3c,
  • Les figures 3b et 3c sont des vues frontales du piston suivant respectivement sa face avant et sa face arrière.
  • La figure 3d représente sous deux vues la clavette destinée à être disposée dans les dégagements.
Advantageously, the shell comprises a threaded ring screwed onto a thread arranged on the internal face of the warhead and coming to bear on the piston.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in longitudinal section of a cargo shell according to the invention,
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b are views of the warhead alone, FIG. 2b being a view in axial section along the plane AA of FIG. 2a,
  • FIG. 3a is a view of the piston in axial section along the plane BB of FIG. 3c,
  • Figures 3b and 3c are front views of the piston respectively along its front face and its rear face.
  • Figure 3d shows in two views the key intended to be arranged in the clearances.

En se reportant à la figure 1, un obus cargo 1, est constitué d'une enveloppe 2 cylindrique en acier, fermée à une de ses extrémités (dite extrémité arrière) par un culot 3, et à son autre extrémité (dite extrémité avant) par une ogive 4.Referring to Figure 1, a cargo shell 1, consists of a cylindrical steel casing 2, closed at one of its ends (called rear end) by a base 3, and at its other end (called front end) by a warhead 4.

L'enveloppe porte à sa partie arrière une ceinture 5 destinée à prendre les rayures du tube d'une arme (non représentée) et à entraîner ainsi l'enveloppe en rotation.The envelope carries at its rear part a belt 5 intended to take the scratches from the barrel of a weapon (not shown) and thus to drive the envelope in rotation.

La ceinture est constituée par une bague de cuivre soudée sur la surface externe de l'enveloppe.The belt consists of a copper ring welded to the outer surface of the envelope.

L'ogive porte une fusée chronométrique 6 de type connu qui est programmée mécaniquement ou électroniquement avant le tir de l'obus par l'arme. Cette fusée commande à l'issue de la durée ainsi programmée l'allumage d'une composition pyrotechnique génératrice de gaz 7.The warhead carries a chronometric rocket 6 of known type which is programmed mechanically or electronically before the firing of the shell by the weapon. This rocket commands, at the end of the time thus programmed, the ignition of a gas-generating pyrotechnic composition 7.

Le culot 3 est rendu solidaire de l'enveloppe 2 au moyen d'un filetage 8 dont le sens de rotation est inverse de celui des rayures du tube de l'arme.The base 3 is made integral with the casing 2 by means of a thread 8 whose direction of rotation is opposite to that of the scratches in the barrel of the weapon.

L'ogive 4 est également liée à l'enveloppe 2 par un filetage 9 dont le sens de rotation est identique à celui des rayures du tube de l'arme.The warhead 4 is also linked to the casing 2 by a thread 9 whose direction of rotation is identical to that of the scratches in the barrel of the weapon.

L'enveloppe contient ici un empilement de trois sous-charges 10a, 10b, 10c qui ne sont pas décrites plus en détail et qui pourront par exemple être des mines dispersables.The envelope here contains a stack of three sub-charges 10a, 10b, 10c which are not described in more detail and which may for example be dispersible mines.

La sous-charge 10c disposée à l'arrière de l'obus est en appui sur le culot 3, la sous-charge avant 10a est en contact avec un piston 11, la sous-charge médiane 10b étant en contact avec les deux autres.The underload 10c disposed at the rear of the shell is supported on the base 3, the front underload 10a is in contact with a piston 11, the median underload 10b being in contact with the other two.

Le piston 11 sépare l'empilement de sous-charges d'une cavité 12 interne à l'ogive 4. Ce piston est destiné à recevoir la pression des gaz générés par la combustion de la charge pyrotechnique 7.The piston 11 separates the stack of sub-charges from a cavity 12 internal to the warhead 4. This piston is intended to receive the pressure of the gases generated by the combustion of the pyrotechnic charge 7.

Les figures 2a et 2b représentent plus en détail l'ogive 4. Cette dernière comporte à sa partie avant un taraudage 15, destiné à recevoir la fusée chronométrique 6, et à sa partie arrière 4 un prolongement 16.FIGS. 2a and 2b show the warhead 4 in more detail. The latter comprises at its front part a tapping 15, intended to receive the time rocket 6, and at its rear part 4 an extension 16.

Ce prolongement porte le filetage 9, qui permet de solidariser l'ogive et l'enveloppe de l'obus, ainsi que quatre créneaux 13 régulièrement répartis angulairerement et séparés par des encoches 14.This extension carries the thread 9, which allows the warhead and the shell of the shell to be secured, as well as four slots 13 regularly angularly distributed and separated by notches 14.

Ces créneaux 13 sont destinés à venir réaliser la liaison en rotation de l'ogive 4 et du piston 11.These slots 13 are intended to bring about the rotational connection of the warhead 4 and the piston 11.

L'ogive porte également sur sa surface interne un taraudage 26 destiné à recevoir une bague 25 (voir figure 1) dont la fonction sera précisée par la suite.The warhead also carries on its internal surface a thread 26 intended to receive a ring 25 (see FIG. 1), the function of which will be specified later.

Les figures 3a, 3b et 3c représentent le piston 11 en détails. Ce dernier est constitué par une plaque cylindrique dont le diamètre externe est sensiblement égal au diamètre interne de l'enveloppe de l'obus.Figures 3a, 3b and 3c show the piston 11 in detail. The latter consists of a cylindrical plate whose external diameter is substantially equal to the internal diameter of the shell of the shell.

La surface cylindrique externe du piston 11 porte une gorge 23 qui est destinée à recevoir un joint (non représenté) qui réalisera une étanchéité aux gaz générés par la composition pyrotechnique 7.The external cylindrical surface of the piston 11 carries a groove 23 which is intended to receive a seal (not shown) which will provide a seal against the gases generated by the pyrotechnic composition 7.

La face avant 19 du piston 11 (représentée figure 3b) porte quatre créneaux 17 séparés par des encoches 18.The front face 19 of the piston 11 (shown in FIG. 3b) carries four slots 17 separated by notches 18.

Les créneaux 17 et encoches 18 sont destinés à venir coopérer avec les créneaux 13 et encoches 14 portés par l'ogive de façon à assurer la liaison en rotation de l'ogive 4 et du piston 11.The slots 17 and notches 18 are intended to cooperate with the slots 13 and notches 14 carried by the warhead so as to ensure the rotational connection of the warhead 4 and the piston 11.

A cette fin les largeurs des encoches 18 portées par le piston 11 seront égales aux largeurs des créneaux 13 portés par l'ogive 4.To this end, the widths of the notches 18 carried by the piston 11 will be equal to the widths of the slots 13 carried by the warhead 4.

La face arrière 20 du piston 11 (représentée figure 3c) porte deux dégagements 21 aménagés au niveau du diamètre externe et de façon symétrique l'un de l'autre relativement à un plan radial (P) du piston.The rear face 20 of the piston 11 (shown in FIG. 3c) carries two recesses 21 arranged at the external diameter and symmetrically to one another relative to a radial plane (P) of the piston.

Ces dégagements sont délimités (voir fig 3a) par un plan 21a parallèle au plan radial P et par une surface 21b parallèle à la face arrière 20 et limitée par la surface cylindrique externe du piston.These clearances are delimited (see FIG. 3a) by a plane 21a parallel to the radial plane P and by a surface 21b parallel to the rear face 20 and limited by the external cylindrical surface of the piston.

Les sous-charges présentent également, aménagés au niveau de leurs faces avant et arrière, des dégagements de même géométrie et de même disposition angulaire que ceux qui sont réalisés sur le piston.The underloads also have, arranged at their front and rear faces, clearances of the same geometry and the same angular arrangement as those made on the piston.

Les dégagements sont destinés à recevoir des clavettes 22 qui assurent l'entraînement en rotation de la sous-charge avant 10a par le piston 11.The clearances are intended to receive keys 22 which ensure the rotational driving of the front underload 10a by the piston 11.

Des clavettes 22 sont également disposées aux niveaux des dégagements disposés entre les différentes sous-charges et assurent ainsi l'entraînement en rotation de la sous-charge médiane 10b par la sous-charge avant 10a et celui de la sous-charge arrière 10c par la sous-charge médiane 10b.Keys 22 are also arranged at the clearances arranged between the different sub-loads and thus ensure the rotational driving of the median sub-load 10b by the front sub-load 10a and that of the rear sub-load 10c by the median underload 10b.

Les clavettes 22 (voir figure 3d) ont une forme complémentaire de celles des dégagements 21 et sont donc délimitées par une surface plane 22a et une portion de surface cylindrique 22b de diamètre sensiblement égal au diamètre externe du piston 11.The keys 22 (see FIG. 3d) have a shape complementary to those of the recesses 21 and are therefore delimited by a flat surface 22a and a cylindrical surface portion 22b with a diameter substantially equal to the external diameter of the piston 11.

L'épaisseur (e) des clavettes est sensiblement égale à la somme des profondeurs (h) des deux dégagements à l'intérieur desquels elle est disposée (voir figure 3a).The thickness (e) of the keys is substantially equal to the sum of the depths (h) of the two clearances inside which it is arranged (see FIG. 3a).

Le montage de l'obus s'effectue de la façon suivante (voir figure 1):

  • on fixe l'ogive 4 portant la bague 25 sur l'enveloppe 2, la bague 25 étant disposée de telle sorte qu'elle se trouve totalement à l'intérieur de la cavité 12 et qu'elle se trouve donc en retrait par rapport aux encoches 14.
  • on dispose le piston 11 à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe de telle façon que les créneaux du piston pénètrent dans les encoches de l'ogive.
  • on place deux clavettes 22 dans les dégagements 21 du piston 11.
  • on met en place la sous-charge supérieure 10a de telle façon que les dégagements portés par sa face supérieure reçoivent les clavettes 22 disposées sur le piston.
  • on met en place deux autre clavettes 22 dans les dégagements portés par la face inférieure de la sous-charge 10a.
  • on met en place la sous-charge médiane 10b de telle façon que les dégagements portés par sa face supérieure reçoivent les clavettes 22 disposées sur la face inférieure de la sous-charge supérieure.
  • on dispose de façon analogue des clavettes et la sous-charge inférieure 10c.
  • on visse le culot 3.
The shell is assembled as follows (see Figure 1):
  • the warhead 4 carrying the ring 25 is fixed on the casing 2, the ring 25 being arranged so that it is completely inside the cavity 12 and that it is therefore set back relative to the notches 14.
  • the piston 11 is placed inside the casing so that the slots of the piston penetrate into the notches of the warhead.
  • two keys 22 are placed in the recesses 21 of the piston 11.
  • the upper sub-load 10a is put in place so that the clearances carried by its upper face receive the keys 22 disposed on the piston.
  • two other keys 22 are put into place in the clearances carried by the underside of the underload 10a.
  • the central underload 10b is put in place so that the clearances carried by its upper face receive the keys 22 arranged on the lower face of the upper underload.
  • there are similarly keys and the lower underload 10c.
  • we screw the base 3.

La hauteur totale de l'empilement est choisie de telle façon qu'il subsiste un jeu axial entre la face supérieure 19 du piston 11 et la bague filetée 25 (figure 1).The total height of the stack is chosen so that there remains an axial clearance between the upper face 19 of the piston 11 and the threaded ring 25 (Figure 1).

Ce jeu est annulé après assemblage au moyen de la bague filetée 25. On visse cette bague au travers de l'ouverture de l'ogive destinée à recevoir la fusée 6 de telle façon qu'elle vienne en contact avec la face supérieure 19 du piston 11 et mette l'empilement de sous-charges en appui sur le culot.This clearance is canceled after assembly by means of the threaded ring 25. This ring is screwed through the opening of the warhead intended to receive the rocket 6 so that it comes into contact with the upper face 19 of the piston 11 and places the stack of underloads in abutment on the base.

Après montage il subsiste un jeu entre la face supérieure 19 du piston et un épaulement 24 aménagé sur la surface interne de l'enveloppe 2.After mounting, there is a clearance between the upper face 19 of the piston and a shoulder 24 arranged on the internal surface of the casing 2.

Un outillage adapté sera nécessaire afin de permettre le vissage de la bague 25 au travers de l'ouverture. On prévoira avantageusement des encoches sur la surface interne de la bague afin de faciliter son entraînement par un outil de serrage.A suitable tool will be necessary to allow the screwing of the ring 25 through the opening. Advantageously, notches will be provided on the internal surface of the ring in order to facilitate its entrainment by a tightening tool.

La bague 25 rattrape ainsi le jeu axial de montage de l'empilement de sous-charges.The ring 25 thus catches up with the axial play in mounting the stack of underloads.

On donnera évidemment aux créneaux et encoches de l'ogive et du piston des profondeurs supérieures au jeu axial de montage. Cela afin qu'après rattrapage du jeu par la bague, la liaison en rotation de l'ogive et du piston soit toujours effective.Obviously, the slots and notches of the warhead and the piston will be given depths greater than the axial mounting clearance. This is so that after catching the clearance by the ring, the rotational connection of the warhead and the piston is still effective.

Ainsi lors du tir de l'obus, la ceinture 5 entraînera en rotation l'enveloppe 2 qui elle même entraîne l'ogive 4 par filetage. L'ogive entraînera le piston 11 au moyen des créneaux et encoches, le piston entraînant la sous-charge supérieure 10a par l'intermédiaire des clavettes 22 et des dégagements 21. Chaque sous-charge entraînant également la sous-charge adjacente au moyen de clavettes 22.Thus when firing the shell, the belt 5 will rotate the casing 2 which itself drives the warhead 4 by threading. The warhead will drive the piston 11 by means of the slots and notches, the piston causing the upper underload 10a by means of the keys 22 and the clearances 21. Each underload also causing the adjacent underload by means of keys 22.

L'obus selon l'invention assure ainsi la solidarisation de l'enveloppe et de la charge utile sans nécessiter d'usinages complexes du culot et sans affaiblir l'épaisseur de l'enveloppe 2 au droit du culot.The shell according to the invention thus ensures the joining of the envelope and the payload without requiring complex machining of the base and without weakening the thickness of the envelope 2 in line with the base.

L'obus selon l'invention est facilement adaptable à l'emport de charges utiles de masses différentes.The shell according to the invention is easily adaptable to carrying payloads of different masses.

Si on se reporte au brevet US4771696, dans le cas où il devient nécessaire de concevoir un obus cargo devant porter une charge utile d'inertie plus importante, il est alors indispensable de modifier la géométrie de l'enveloppe elle même afin de renforcer les créneaux d'entraînement en rotation du culot.If we refer to patent US4771696, in the case where it becomes necessary to design a cargo shell which has to carry a larger payload of inertia, it is then essential to modify the geometry of the envelope itself in order to strengthen the slots drive in rotation of the base.

Ce qui peut être délicat compte tenu de la minceur de l'enveloppe et du niveau de contraintes mécaniques auquel elle se trouve soumise au niveau de la ceinture.What can be delicate taking into account the thinness of the envelope and the level of mechanical stresses to which it is subjected at the level of the belt.

Grâce à l'invention il n'est plus nécessaire de modifier la géométrie de l'enveloppe. Il suffit de modifier la longueur ou la section des créneaux portés par l'ogive et le piston. Ce qui ne pénalise pas la tenue mécanique de ces éléments puisque l'épaisseur des créneaux ne se trouve pas limitée par le volume de la charge utile.Thanks to the invention it is no longer necessary to modify the geometry of the envelope. It is enough to modify the length or the section of the slots carried by the warhead and the piston. This does not penalize the mechanical strength of these elements since the thickness of the slots is not limited by the volume of the payload.

Claims (4)

1-Obus cargo (1) destiné à transporter au moins une charge et constitué par une enveloppe (2) sur laquelle est disposée au moins une ceinture (5) d'entraînement en rotation, enveloppe fermée à une de ses extrémités par un culot (3) et à l'autre par une ogive (4) à l'intérieur de laquelle est disposée une composition pyrotechnique (7) génératrice de gaz destinée à venir agir sur un piston (11) au moment de l'ejection de la charge, obus comportant des moyens qui assurent l'entraînement en rotation de la charge par l'enveloppe et caractérisé en ce que ces moyens d'entraînement comprennent, d'une part des crénaux (13) aménagés sur un prolongement (16) de l'ogive (4) et coopérant avec des encoches (18) aménagées sur une face supérieure (19) du piston (11), et d'autre part, des moyens de liaison en rotation du piston (11) et de la charge elle même. 1- Cargo shell (1) intended to transport at least one load and constituted by an envelope (2) on which is disposed at least one belt (5) for rotating, envelope closed at one of its ends by a base ( 3) and to the other by a warhead (4) inside which is disposed a pyrotechnic composition (7) generating gas intended to act on a piston (11) at the time of ejection of the charge, shell comprising means which ensure the rotational drive of the load by the casing and characterized in that these drive means comprise, on the one hand crenellations (13) arranged on an extension (16) of the warhead (4) and cooperating with notches (18) arranged on an upper face (19) of the piston (11), and on the other hand, means for rotationally connecting the piston (11) and the load itself. 2-Obus selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de liaison en rotation du piston et de la charge comprennent au moins deux dégagements (21) portés par une face inférieure (20) du piston (11) et disposés en regard de dégagements analogues aménagés sur la charge, ces dégagements étant destinés à recevoir des clavettes (22) qui réalisent la liaison en rotation entre la charge et le piston (11). 2- A shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for connecting the piston and the load in rotation comprise at least two clearances (21) carried by a lower face (20) of the piston (11) and arranged opposite similar clearances arranged on the load, these clearances being intended to receive keys (22) which provide the rotational connection between the load and the piston (11). 3-Obus selon la revendication 2 et dans lequel la charge est divisée en au moins deux sous-charges (10a, 10b) empilées axialement à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe (2), caractérisé en ce que la sous-charge (10a) en contact avec le piston (11) porte sur une face inférieure des dégagements disposés en regard de dégagements analogues aménagés sur la sous-charge adjacente (10b), ces dégagements étant destinés à recevoir des clavettes (22) qui réalisent la liaison en rotation entre les deux sous-charges (10a et 10b). 3- A shell according to claim 2 and in which the charge is divided into at least two sub-charges (10a, 10b) stacked axially inside the envelope (2), characterized in that the sub-charge (10a ) in contact with the piston (11) carries on a lower face of the clearances arranged opposite similar clearances arranged on the adjacent underload (10b), these clearances being intended to receive keys (22) which realize the connection in rotation between the two sub-charges (10a and 10b). 4-Obus selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une bague filetée (25) vissée sur un taraudage (26) aménagé sur la face interne de l'ogive (4) et venant en appui sur le piston (11). 4- Shell according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a threaded ring (25) screwed onto a thread (26) arranged on the internal face of the warhead (4) and coming to bear on the piston (11).
EP92402725A 1991-10-22 1992-10-06 Cargo munition Expired - Lifetime EP0539257B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9113001A FR2682754B1 (en) 1991-10-22 1991-10-22 CARGO SHELL.
FR9113001 1991-10-22

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EP0539257A1 true EP0539257A1 (en) 1993-04-28
EP0539257B1 EP0539257B1 (en) 1996-05-29

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EP (1) EP0539257B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69211089D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2682754B1 (en)

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DE4429292C2 (en) * 1994-08-18 1998-04-09 Rheinmetall Ind Ag Swirl-stabilized carrier floor
FR2741143B1 (en) 1995-11-13 1998-01-02 Giat Ind Sa DEVICE FOR HOLDING A COATING OF A CORE GENERATOR LOAD
US6470805B1 (en) * 2001-04-30 2002-10-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Fire retardant bio-friendly practice munition
FR2862378B1 (en) * 2003-11-17 2007-11-23 Giat Ind Sa EXPLOSIVE OBUS HAVING IMPROVED SHOCK RESISTANCE
FR2960959B1 (en) * 2010-06-04 2012-05-25 Nexter Munitions CARGO DEVICE WITH DELAYED OPENING
US8844444B1 (en) * 2010-09-02 2014-09-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Reusable test projectile
NO3036500T3 (en) * 2013-08-20 2018-03-03
AU2014310468A1 (en) 2013-08-20 2016-03-10 Bae Systems Plc Smoke payload apparatus
EP3036497B1 (en) 2013-08-20 2018-04-25 BAE Systems PLC Illumination munition
GB2517448B (en) * 2013-08-20 2017-04-12 Bae Systems Plc Frangible munition
EP3036499A1 (en) * 2013-08-20 2016-06-29 BAE Systems PLC Common carrier munition
RU2667172C1 (en) * 2017-09-28 2018-09-17 Акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "СПЛАВ" Multiple warhead of cassette type
DE102020116228B3 (en) 2020-06-19 2021-12-23 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Bullet and ammunition

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FR2363077A1 (en) * 1976-08-23 1978-03-24 Foerenade Fabriksverken DEVICE FOR EJECTING AND SEPARATING SEVERAL ELEMENTS HOUSED IN AN OGIVE OR SIMILAR
EP0395456A1 (en) * 1989-03-22 1990-10-31 GIAT Industries Connection device between two parts of a gyrostabilized projectile

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US4771696A (en) * 1987-05-18 1988-09-20 John Smolnik Base closure for thinwall carrier projectile

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FR2363077A1 (en) * 1976-08-23 1978-03-24 Foerenade Fabriksverken DEVICE FOR EJECTING AND SEPARATING SEVERAL ELEMENTS HOUSED IN AN OGIVE OR SIMILAR
EP0395456A1 (en) * 1989-03-22 1990-10-31 GIAT Industries Connection device between two parts of a gyrostabilized projectile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69211089D1 (en) 1996-07-04
FR2682754A1 (en) 1993-04-23
FR2682754B1 (en) 1995-03-03
US5233127A (en) 1993-08-03
EP0539257B1 (en) 1996-05-29

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