EP0313656A1 - Farbanzeigeanordnung - Google Patents

Farbanzeigeanordnung Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0313656A1
EP0313656A1 EP87904321A EP87904321A EP0313656A1 EP 0313656 A1 EP0313656 A1 EP 0313656A1 EP 87904321 A EP87904321 A EP 87904321A EP 87904321 A EP87904321 A EP 87904321A EP 0313656 A1 EP0313656 A1 EP 0313656A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film
thin
layer
luminous layer
color display
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87904321A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0313656B1 (de
EP0313656A4 (de
Inventor
Takashi Nire
Takehito Watanabe
Satoshi Tanda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Komatsu Ltd
Original Assignee
Komatsu Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Komatsu Ltd filed Critical Komatsu Ltd
Publication of EP0313656A1 publication Critical patent/EP0313656A1/de
Publication of EP0313656A4 publication Critical patent/EP0313656A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0313656B1 publication Critical patent/EP0313656B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
    • H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
    • H05B33/145—Arrangements of the electroluminescent material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/33—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/10—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
    • H05B33/22—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of auxiliary dielectric or reflective layers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to color display apparatus and, more particularly, to color display apparatus which include an EL panel and a color filter assembled integrally.
  • a thin full-color display apparatus used in a conventional pocket-size television set includes shutter means 100 in the form of .a matrix of liquid crystal cells C, a light source 101 disposed behind the shutter means, and filter means 102 disposed before the shutter means and including a repeat of a red transparent filter R, a green transparent filter G and blue transparent filter B arranged in order in correspondence to the liquid crystal cells.
  • shutter means 100 in the form of .a matrix of liquid crystal cells C
  • a light source 101 disposed behind the shutter means
  • filter means 102 disposed before the shutter means and including a repeat of a red transparent filter R, a green transparent filter G and blue transparent filter B arranged in order in correspondence to the liquid crystal cells.
  • the thin-film EL elements each include a thin transparent luminous layer and has no granularity. Therefore, external incident light and light emitted within the luminous layer are not scattered, so that they cause no halation or oozing, the display is clear and provides high contrast. Therefore, they are highlighted as being used for a display or illumination unit.
  • the basic structure of a thin-film EL element includes a double dielectric structure which in turn includes on a transparent substrate a transparent electrode of tin oxide (Sn0 2 ) layer, etc., a first dielectric layer of tantalum pentaoxide layer, etc., a thin luminous layer of zinc sulfide (ZnS), etc., and containing manganese (Mn), etc., a second dielectric layer of tantalum pentaoxide, etc., and a rear electrode of an aluminum (Al) layer, etc., laminated in order.
  • a transparent electrode of tin oxide (Sn0 2 ) layer etc.
  • a first dielectric layer of tantalum pentaoxide layer etc.
  • ZnS zinc sulfide
  • Mn manganese
  • Al aluminum
  • the process of luminescence is as follows. If a voltage is applied across the transparent electrode and rear electrode, the electrons trapped at the interface level are pulled out and accelerated by an electric field induced within the luminous layer so that they have energy enough to strike orbital electrons in Mn (the luminescent center) to thereby excite same.
  • a thin-film EL element emitting white light uses a luminous layer of zinc sulfide containing praseodymium fluoride (PrF 3 ), as disclosed in Yoshihiro Hamakawa et al., The Institute of Electronics and Communication Engineers of Japan Technical Research Report, CPM 82-10, 1982.
  • PrF 3 praseodymium fluoride
  • the thin-film EL element using the luminous layer of zinc sulfide containing praseodymium fluoride has peaks at about 500 and 650 nm in the emission spectrum.
  • the rays of light at 500 and 650 nm are in complementary-color relationship to each other and show as if they were white light. However, the light does not contain three primary colors, so that it cannot be used for full color display.
  • a thin-film EL element having such structure is all transparent except for its rear electrode. Thus external incident light is reflected by the rear electrode and the reflection interferes with the light from the luminous layer so that it does not provide a satisfactory contrast ratio and thus only display devices having low display quality would be provided.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such situations. It is an object of the.present invention to provide a thin color display apparatus which provides high contrast and a wide angle of visual field.
  • Figs. l(a) and (b) are a cross section view and a plan view, respectively, of a color display apparatus as an example of the present invention
  • Figs. 2(a) and (b) illustrate the principle of luminescence at the luminous layer of the apparatus and a spectrum obtained from the luminous layer, respectively
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a contrast ratio in the apparatus
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram " showing the comparison in angle of visual field between the inventive apparatus and a conventional apparatus
  • Fig. 5 illustrates the emission spectrum of light from a luminous layer of another example of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 illustrates the structure of a thin-film EL element as a second example of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the emission spectrum on the thin-film EL element of the second example
  • Fig. 8 illustrates a thin-film EL element as a third example of the present invention
  • Fig. 9 illustrates the transmittance of the second dielectric layer used in the EL element of Fig. 8
  • Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the comparison in contrast ratio between the thin-film EL elements of the third example of the present invention and using a conventional insulating film
  • Fig. 11 illustrates a thin- film EL element having another structure using the insulating film used in the EL element of the third example (a modification of the third example)
  • Fig. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen and transmittance in the formation of an insulating layer of this example
  • Fig. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen and transmittance in the formation of an insulating layer of this example
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a thin-film EL element as a fourth example of the present invention
  • Figs. 14(a) and (b) illustrate curves showing the relationship between oxygen quantity and transmittance and the relationship between oxygen quantity and resistivity in the formation of a tantalum oxide film
  • Fig. 15 is a diagram showing the comparison in voltage-luminance characteristic between the thin-film EL elements of a fourth example of the present invention and the conventional one
  • Fig. 16 illustrates a modification of the fourth example
  • Fig. 17 shows curves on control of the luminance for the environmental illumination (axis of abscissas) to maintain within a predetermined range the contrast of the thin-film EL element shown in Fig. 16
  • Fig. 18 shows a conventional color display apparatus
  • Fig. 19 illustrates the emission spectrum of a conventional thin-film EL element which emits white light.
  • a color display apparatus includes an EL panel which in turn includes an array of thin-film EL elements which emit white light, and a color filter.
  • the apparatus includes a matrix of cells, each including an EL element, disposed on a glass baseplate and a color filter unit arranged on the side of luminous faces of the EL elements, the color filter unit including a repeat of a red, a green and a blue transparent filters disposed in order, each filter corresponding to a respective cell.
  • a voltage applied to each cell in accordance with image information, light having a desired luminance and chromaticity is emitted through the corresponidng filter.
  • the EL elements which emit, for example, white light containing three primary colors are used as a light source and light quantity adjusting means without using any liquid crystal, contrast and the angle of visual field are increased. Furthermore, no backlight is needed and thus the apparatus can be thinned.
  • zinc sulfide containing nitrogen is used for the luminous layers of the thin-film EL elements.
  • the luminous layer is formed by forming a thin-film of zinc sulfide and implanting nitrogen ions in the thin-film.
  • the second dielectric layer of the thin-film EL elements is continuously changed from a black tantalum oxide film to a transparent tantalum oxide film.
  • the second dielectric layer is formed in a reactive chamber by sputtering, using as a target tantalum pentaoxide (Ta 2 0 5 ) and feeding a mixed gas of argon (Ar) + oxygen (0 2 ), it is gradually changed from a black tantalum oxide (TaO where x ⁇ 2.5) film to a transparent tantalum oxide (Ta 2 0 5 ) film by gradually increasing the partial pressure of oxygen.
  • the second dielectric layer of each thin-film EL element may be constituted by a single black layer of insulating oxide or nitride in which a proportion in composition of oxygen or nitrogen is reduced stoichiometrically.
  • tantalum pentaoxide (Ta 2 0 5 ) is for a transparent insulating film. If the partial pressure of oxygen is reduced and the proportion in composition of oxygen is reduced in the formation of this film, the tantalum pentaoxide changes to TaO x where x ⁇ 2.5 and a black insulating film results. In this way, contrast is improved.
  • Fig. l(a) and (b) show a thin color display apparatus as an example of the present inventions (Fig. l(a) is a cross section view taken along the line A-A of Fig. l(b).)
  • the apparatus includes an EL element section 1 which in turn includes a multiplicity of thin-film EL elements or cells C arranged in a matrix and corresponding to pixels, and a color filter section 2 disposed integrally on the surface of the EL elemeht section such that the rays of light from the respective cells are output through the color filter section.
  • the EL element section 1 includes on a glass substrate 3, a transparent electrode 4 of indium tin oxide (ITO) disposed so as to form a like number of first stripe lines l 1 ,...,l n at predetermined intervals, a first dielectric layer 5 of tantalum pentaoxide (Ta 2 0 5 ), a luminous layer 6 having a three-layered structure of a 0.5 um-thick blue luminous layer 6a of zinc sulfide (ZnS) containing 0.1 % of thulium (Tm) and 0.1 % of fluorine (F), a 0.2 um-thick green luminous layer 6b of zinc sulfide containing about 1 % of erbium (Er) and about 1 % of fluorine, and an about 0.2 um-thick red luminous layer 6c of zinc sulfide containing about 1 % of samarium (Sm) and about 1 % of fluorine, a second dielectric layer 7 of tant
  • Fig. 2(a) The principle of luminescence is as shown in Fig. 2(a) and thus rays of light having respective wavelengths are emitted.
  • Fig. 2(b) shows the emission spectrum of the rays of light emitted from this luminous layer.
  • One of the intersections constitutes a cell here. 0
  • the color filter section 2 is disposed on the glass baseplate side of the EL element section and includes a repeat of a red transparent filter R, a green transparent filter G and a blue transparent filter B arranged in order, each filter including a dyeable polymer layer and corresponding to a respective cell C, as shown in plan view in Fig. (b).
  • the contrast characteristic of this color display apparatus is shown in Fig. 3.
  • the contrast ratio is about 1 : 100 for less than 1000 lx, so that the characteristic is extremely satisfactory and greatly improved compared to the conventional one with a ratio of 1 : 10.
  • Fig. 4 shows a visual angle-dependent luminace characteristic.
  • the color display apparatus according to the present invention is shown by the solid line, which exhibits that the luminance does not lower up to more than 60 degrees. It is understood that the inventive apparatus is of high visual angle compared to the conventional apparatus shown by the broken lines.
  • This display apparatus does not need backlight and is very thin, i.e., at most about 1 mm thick, even inclusive of the glass baseplate.
  • the respective cells are formed integrally, the luminous layer as well as the respective layers may be provided separately for each cell. This applies to the elelctrodes.
  • the luminous layer must not have a three-layered structure.
  • the luminous layer is made of zinc sulfide containing nitrogen (N); strontium sulfide (SrS) containing cerium (Ce), europium (Eu) and potassium (K); CaSrS containing cerium (Ce), europium (Eu) and potassium (K); BaSe; ZnS; ZnCdS; ZnF 2 ; SrTi0 3 ; or BaTi0 3
  • a single such layer can emit white light.
  • Fig. 5 shows the emission spectrum of SrS containing Ce, Eu and K.
  • the contents of impurities which are the luminescent center of each luminous layer in the example 1 are not limited to 1 % and may be changed as needed within a range of 0.1 - 5 The kind of impurities used may be changed as needed.
  • a dyeable polymer layer directly coated on the glass baseplate may be used as in the particular example.
  • color filters formed separately may be attached, namely, a different color filter structure may be used as needed.
  • a protective film or the like may be provided as needed.
  • the thin-film EL element includes a single luminous layer which can emit light.
  • a luminous layer 11 of thin-film EL elements having a double dielectric structure is composed of a 5000 A-thick thin-film layer of zinc sulphide containing nitrogen.
  • a transparent glass baseplate 12 a transparent electrode 13 of a tin oxide (Sn0 2 ) layer, etc., a first dielectric layer 14, a luminous layer 11 of zinc sulphide containing nitrogen as mentioned above, a second dielectric layer 15, and a rear electrode 16 of a thin alminum (Al) film.
  • a transparent electrode 13 of a tin oxide (Sn0 2 ) layer etc.
  • a first dielectric layer 14 a luminous layer 11 of zinc sulphide containing nitrogen as mentioned above
  • a second dielectric layer 15 a rear electrode 16 of a thin alminum (Al) film.
  • a process is employed in which a zinc sulphide layer is formed by sputtering and nitrogen is then implanted in the zinc sulphide layer by ion implantation.
  • the emission spectrum of the luminescence obtained by applying an alternate electric field across the thin-film EL element has a wide range of luminescent wavelengths covering three primary colors as shown in Fig. 7.
  • true white light is provided and a full-color display panel can be fabricated.
  • the present invention is not limited to this process.
  • a process for forming the luminous layer by sputtering or CVD in an atmosphere of nitrogen may be used. Namely, it may be selected as needed.
  • the thin-film EL element has a double dielectric layer structure which includes on a transparent glass baseplate 21 a transparent electrode 22 of tin oxide layer (SnO 2 ), etc., a first dielectric layer 23, a luminous layer 24 of ZnS: Mn, a black dielectric layer,25 of tantalum oxide (TaO x where x ⁇ 2.5) and a rear electrode 26 of a thin aluminum (A1) film laminated in order.
  • the second dielectric layer has the relationship between wavelength and transmittance as shown in Fig. 9, which shows that the transmittance is less than 10 % in a visual light area.
  • a curve a in Fig. 10 shows the relationship between luminance and contrast ratio of the thin-film element (cd/ m 2 ).
  • a curve b in Fig. 10 shows the relationship between luminance (cd/m 2 ) and contrast ratio of a conventional thin-film EL element using tantalum pentaoxide (Ta 2 O 5 ) as a material constituting the second dielectric layer.
  • the conventional thin-film EL element requires a luminance of 200 cd/m 2 while the inventive element only requires 20 c.d/m 2 , which illustrates that the contrast is greatly improved.
  • the black tantalum oxide film can be easily obtained by only changing partial conditions of a process for forming a transparent tantalum pentaoxide layer used conventionally - for example, by lowering only the partial pressure of oxygen under the same conditions as those in the sputtering process. Thus, the manufacturing work is performed efficiently.
  • a composite film 25' of a black tantalum oxide layer 25a and a different dielectric layer 25b may be formed as the second dielectric layer as shown in Fig. 1.1. It may be applicable to other oxides and nitrides such as yttrium oxides, silicon oxides, silicon nitrides, etc., as in a thin-film transistor.
  • the materials constituting the luminous layer, transparent electrode and rear electrode are not limited to those of the particular example, and other materials are effective, of course.
  • the tantalum oxide film may be selected as needed among ones having transmittance of 30 % or less in a visual area. If a film having a transmittance of more than 30 % is used, it would reduce the contrast ratio.
  • a TaO x film was formed on a glass baseplate by using Ta 2 0 5 as the target and changing the partial pressure of oxygen in a high frequency (RF) sputtering process.
  • RF high frequency
  • Fig. 12 shows the results of measurement of the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen at the film formation and transmittance of the formed TaO x film when the partial pressure of argon (Ar) was 5 x 10- 3 (Torr).
  • the axis of abscessas represents the partial pressure of oxygen x 10 -5 (Torr) and the axis of ordinates the transmittance (%).
  • the proportion in composition of oxygen or nitrogen in insulating oxides or nitrides is reduced stoichiometrically, so that the manufacturing process is not substantially changed and a black insulating film can be very easily provided.
  • Fig. 13 shows a thin-film EL element as an example of the present invention.
  • the EL element includes on a transparent glass baseplate 31 a transparent electrode 32 of tin oxide (Si0 2 ) layer, etc., a first dielectric layer 33 of yttrium oxide (Y 2 0 3 ), a luminous layer 34 of zinc sulphide (ZnS): manganese (Mn), a second dielectric layer 35 the proportion in composition of which continuously changes from black to transparent, and a rear electrode 36 of an aluminum layer, laminated in order.
  • the second dielectric layer has a proportion in composition continuously changing stoichiometrically from a black tantalum oxide film (TaO x where x ⁇ 2.5) 3000 A thick to a transparent tantalum pentaoxide (Ta 2 0 5 ) film and has a thickness of 5000 A in total.
  • ⁇ 600 nm
  • ⁇ cm the relationship between oxygen content and resistivity
  • a curve a in Fig. 15 shows the luminance-voltage characteristic of the thin-film EL element thus formed.
  • curves b and c in Fig. 15 show the luminance-voltage characteristics of a thin-film EL element having the same structure as the example 4 except for the second dielectric layer which consists of a single (black) tantalum oxide (TaO x where x ⁇ 2.5) film 5000 A thick and another thin-film EL element having the same structure as the example 4 except for the second dielectric layer having a two-layered structure which consists of a black tantalum oxide (TaO x where x ⁇ 2.5) film 4000 A thick and a 0 transparent tantalum pentaoxide film (Ta 2 0 5 ) 1000 A thick.
  • the elements a and b are substantially equal in contrast and the element c is somewhat lower.
  • the axis of ordinates represents luminance and the axis of abscessas applied voltage.
  • the voltages which the elements can withstand for a long time are 165 V for a, 125 V for b and 150 V for c and that the thin-film EL element of the inventive example in which the second dielectric layer is continuously changed has a greatly improved dielectric strength.
  • the thin-film EL element according to the inventive examples exhibits high contrast and high breakdown voltage.
  • the ratio in film thickness of the black layer, continuous layer and transparent layer of the second dielectric layer is not limited to the particular examples and may be changed as needed.
  • inventive thin-film EL elements may be used as a light source for writing signals into, reading signals out of and erasing signals in a recording medium for illuminating purposes in addition to the display apparatus applications.
  • a photosensor 37 may be provided.
  • the voltage applied to the thin-film EL element is controlled in accordance with a signal from the photosensor to change the luminance to thereby maintain the contrast constant and improve the display effect.
  • control of the applied voltage is easy if it is provided so as to change the applied voltage stepwise to thereby maintain the contrast within a predetermined range (a - b) when the signal from the photosensor exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the thin-film EL element is emitting light at a certain luminance of A.
  • the luminance is changed stepwise as shown by A, B, C, D. If the environmental illumination or the detection output from the photosensor 7 becomes 1000 lx, the applied voltage is increased such that the luminance becomes B; if the illumination further increases to about 5000 lx, the luminance changes to C and so on. In this way, the contrast can be maintained within a substantially constant range without being influenced by the environmental illuminations.
  • the applied voltage may be changed continuously in accordance with the detection output from the photosensor.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
EP87904321A 1986-07-03 1987-07-03 Farbanzeigeanordnung Expired - Lifetime EP0313656B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP15689686 1986-07-03
JP156896/86 1986-07-03
PCT/JP1987/000469 WO1988000382A1 (en) 1986-07-03 1987-07-03 Color display device

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92203321.2 Division-Into 1992-10-29

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0313656A1 true EP0313656A1 (de) 1989-05-03
EP0313656A4 EP0313656A4 (de) 1989-10-25
EP0313656B1 EP0313656B1 (de) 1994-06-08

Family

ID=15637760

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87904321A Expired - Lifetime EP0313656B1 (de) 1986-07-03 1987-07-03 Farbanzeigeanordnung
EP19920203321 Withdrawn EP0537864A3 (en) 1986-07-03 1987-07-03 Color display apparatus

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920203321 Withdrawn EP0537864A3 (en) 1986-07-03 1987-07-03 Color display apparatus

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0313656B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2531686B2 (de)
KR (1) KR950014429B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3750038T2 (de)
FI (1) FI890007A (de)
WO (1) WO1988000382A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0384829A1 (de) * 1989-02-21 1990-08-29 France Telecom Mehrfarbiger Elektrolumineszenz-Flachbildschirm mit Speichereffekt
WO1991010340A1 (de) * 1989-12-21 1991-07-11 Koordinierungs- Und Abwicklungsstelle Für Die Institute Und Einrichtungen Der Ehemaligen Akademie Der Wissenschaften Der Ddr Elektrolumineszenz-flachdisplay und verfahren zur herstellung derartiger flachdisplays
GB2282701A (en) * 1990-09-01 1995-04-12 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Electro-luminescent indicating panel
US7911137B2 (en) 2005-01-07 2011-03-22 Mflex Uk Limited Electroluminescent displays including an intermediate diffusing layer between an electrode and a layer of electroluminescent material

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5126620A (en) * 1988-12-19 1992-06-30 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Display element
JP4482966B2 (ja) * 1999-08-20 2010-06-16 Ｔｄｋ株式会社 Ｅｌ表示装置
JP2004012571A (ja) * 2002-06-04 2004-01-15 Toyota Industries Corp 表示装置
JP2004045769A (ja) 2002-07-11 2004-02-12 Toyota Industries Corp 表示装置
JP4740582B2 (ja) * 2004-03-19 2011-08-03 富士フイルム株式会社 電界発光装置
US8766531B1 (en) * 2012-12-14 2014-07-01 Universal Display Corporation Wearable display

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3496410A (en) * 1967-11-13 1970-02-17 Sanders Associates Inc Electroluminescent display device producing a graphical display in a selected color

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56107289A (en) * 1980-01-30 1981-08-26 Sharp Kk Thin film light emitting element
JPS5956391A (ja) * 1982-09-27 1984-03-31 株式会社東芝 Ｅｌデイスプレイ装置
JPS6074384A (ja) * 1983-09-30 1985-04-26 松下電器産業株式会社 薄膜発光素子
JPS60134277A (ja) * 1983-12-22 1985-07-17 沖電気工業株式会社 Ｅｌパネルの製造方法
JPS60232697A (ja) * 1984-04-30 1985-11-19 ホ−ヤ株式会社 薄膜ｅｌ素子
JPH0521278Y2 (de) * 1984-09-21 1993-05-31
JPS61220292A (ja) * 1985-03-26 1986-09-30 ホ−ヤ株式会社 薄膜ｅｌ素子とその製造方法

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3496410A (en) * 1967-11-13 1970-02-17 Sanders Associates Inc Electroluminescent display device producing a graphical display in a selected color

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO8800382A1 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0384829A1 (de) * 1989-02-21 1990-08-29 France Telecom Mehrfarbiger Elektrolumineszenz-Flachbildschirm mit Speichereffekt
WO1991010340A1 (de) * 1989-12-21 1991-07-11 Koordinierungs- Und Abwicklungsstelle Für Die Institute Und Einrichtungen Der Ehemaligen Akademie Der Wissenschaften Der Ddr Elektrolumineszenz-flachdisplay und verfahren zur herstellung derartiger flachdisplays
GB2282701A (en) * 1990-09-01 1995-04-12 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Electro-luminescent indicating panel
GB2282701B (en) * 1990-09-01 1995-07-12 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Electro-luminescence indicating panel and method for manufacture thereof
US7911137B2 (en) 2005-01-07 2011-03-22 Mflex Uk Limited Electroluminescent displays including an intermediate diffusing layer between an electrode and a layer of electroluminescent material
GB2437015B (en) * 2005-01-07 2011-05-18 Pelikon Ltd Electroluminescent displays

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1988000382A1 (en) 1988-01-14
EP0537864A2 (de) 1993-04-21
EP0313656B1 (de) 1994-06-08
KR880701933A (ko) 1988-11-07
JP2531686B2 (ja) 1996-09-04
EP0313656A4 (de) 1989-10-25
FI890007A0 (fi) 1989-01-02
DE3750038D1 (de) 1994-07-14
KR950014429B1 (ko) 1995-11-27
FI890007A (fi) 1989-01-02
JPS63152897A (ja) 1988-06-25
EP0537864A3 (en) 1993-11-24
DE3750038T2 (de) 1994-11-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5932327A (en) Electroluminescent element
US5346776A (en) Electroluminescent panel
US5289171A (en) Color display apparatus
US4945009A (en) Electroluminescence device
US5072263A (en) Thin film el device with protective film
US6043602A (en) Alternating current thin film electroluminescent device having blue light emitting alkaline earth phosphor
EP0313656A1 (de) Farbanzeigeanordnung
US4672266A (en) Thin film light emitting element
KR100748760B1 (ko) 발광소자, 표시장치, 및 표시장치의 제어방법
US4967251A (en) Thin film electroluminescent device containing gadolinium and rare earth elements
US5084650A (en) Thin-film el display device having a high-contrast ratio
US6403204B1 (en) Oxide phosphor electroluminescent laminate
CN1820551B (zh) 用于电致发光显示器的氮化铝钝化的荧光体
US4954747A (en) Multi-colored thin-film electroluminescent display with filter
JP2002270365A (ja) Ｅｌ素子
US5635307A (en) Thin-film electroluminescent element
US5444268A (en) Thin film el device
US6451460B1 (en) Thin film electroluminescent device
US6099979A (en) Electroluminescent display element and manufacturing method for manufacturing same
US5912532A (en) White-light emitting electroluminescent display and fabricating method thereof
JPH0778689A (ja) 薄膜エレクトロルミネセンス素子
CA2362748A1 (en) Thin-film electroluminescent device
Washizuka et al. A 14. 4-in. Diagonal High Contrast Multicolor Information EL Display with 640< cd0215f. gif> 128 Pixels
JPH0773971A (ja) Ｅｌ素子
Li et al. The constructions and optical characteristics of multi-color or full-color ACTFEL display devices

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19890102

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT NL

RHK1 Main classification (correction)

Ipc: H05B 33/12

A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched

Effective date: 19891025

R17P Request for examination filed (corrected)

Effective date: 19881230

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19911125

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT NL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRE;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.SCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19940608

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19940623

Year of fee payment: 8

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3750038

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19940714

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19940731

Year of fee payment: 8

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19950703

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19960201

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19950703

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19960201

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19970709

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19970714

Year of fee payment: 11

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19990331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19990501

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST