EP0309467B1 - Thermodynamischer kreisprozess - Google Patents

Thermodynamischer kreisprozess Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0309467B1
EP0309467B1 EP87903871A EP87903871A EP0309467B1 EP 0309467 B1 EP0309467 B1 EP 0309467B1 EP 87903871 A EP87903871 A EP 87903871A EP 87903871 A EP87903871 A EP 87903871A EP 0309467 B1 EP0309467 B1 EP 0309467B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
working medium
gas
heat
volume
hydrogen gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87903871A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0309467A1 (de
Inventor
Jürgen SCHUKEY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SITA Maschinenbau und Forschungs GmbH
Original Assignee
SITA Maschinenbau und Forschungs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SITA Maschinenbau und Forschungs GmbH filed Critical SITA Maschinenbau und Forschungs GmbH
Priority to AT87903871T priority Critical patent/ATE86360T1/de
Publication of EP0309467A1 publication Critical patent/EP0309467A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0309467B1 publication Critical patent/EP0309467B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/06—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using mixtures of different fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B11/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, using turbines, e.g. gas turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/02—Compression-sorption machines, plants, or systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermodynamic cycle with a gaseous working medium, to which heat is supplied and which is alternately compressed and expanded, in which a working medium is used which, at the higher temperature after compression, causes an increase in volume due to chemical processes and at the lower temperature after Expansion experiences a corresponding volume reduction.
  • the object of the invention is to create a cycle of the type mentioned, which has a very high efficiency.
  • the solution according to the invention is that the volume reduction is endothermic, that the working medium contains hydrogen gas, that the chemical process is an adsorption / desorption process of the hydrogen gas on a metal and that the adsorption / desorption of the hydrogen gas takes place on surfaces which alternate with the gas the higher and the lower temperature are brought into contact and which are arranged on a circular disk which extends into the gas volumes of higher and lower temperature and is rotated.
  • Platinum, palladium or other catalyst metals which can absorb hydrogen can be used as the metal.
  • the disk could consist of several sectors, in which case the gas of higher temperature flows through sectors, for example above the axis of rotation, while the gas of lower temperature flows through sectors below the axis of rotation.
  • Appropriate sector walls must of course ensure that the gas of higher pressure does not simultaneously flow over or through the circular disk to the area of lower pressure in the cycle.
  • the areas to be heated / cooled by the other gas become, for example, a gas that does not participate in the chemical reactions, warmed and cooled, the amount of this gas not changing during the cycle, so that the heating or cooling is very effective.
  • the expansion machine is connected to an electrical generator.
  • This generator then supplies electrical energy instead of mechanical energy. At least part of the heating energy for the heating container can be supplied by the generator.
  • the parts of the circuit of the working medium are also provided with surfaces which promote or intensify the reactions leading to the volume enlargement / reduction.
  • the heating container and the heat exchanger or parts thereof can be provided with such surfaces his.
  • the heat exchanger can carry out heat exchange with the surrounding air.
  • heat exchange with a quantity of water is also possible; pumps for the water may then have to be provided for this purpose.
  • what can be useful in certain extreme situations, for example to avoid too low a temperature of the working medium in the heat exchanger can first compress the air that is passed through the heat exchanger from the outside, thereby heating it.
  • the exhaust air can then be passed through an expansion machine so that the energy used to increase the pressure of the ambient air is at least partially recovered. In this way, the efficiency of the overall device can be increased further.
  • the working medium which has already been heated by the compression is passed through the upper part of a disk-shaped element 20 which is gas-permeable in the axial direction.
  • gas movement in the circumferential direction is at least very much impeded, if not made completely impossible, by corresponding sectors on the disk-shaped element 20.
  • the disc-shaped element 20 is surrounded by a housing, so that in fact all gas which is introduced into the disc-shaped element on one side also flows out again on the other side.
  • the disc-shaped element is now provided with a finely divided powder to which hydrogen gas is adsorbed.
  • the metal powder can, for example, be arranged in finely divided form on a silicone foam. Particularly suitable metal powders are those which cool down during the adsorption of hydrogen and bind as large a quantity of hydrogen as possible.
  • the expanded gas or other working media is passed via a control valve 6 into a heat exchanger 7, in which the heat exchange with the environment takes place, so that the gas returns to its original temperature.
  • the gas is passed several times through the heat exchanger 7. Before and after it is passed several times through the lower region of the disk 20. Since the disk 20 has been rotated in the meantime, the metal in this lower region is initially hydrogen-free. Here the hydrogen is adsorbed again, which happens with simultaneous cooling of the working gas, since the adsorption is endothermic. In this way, less energy is released to the environment. A very high degree of efficiency is obtained in this way.
  • the gas can then be compressed again in the compressor 1.
  • a fan 8 which is driven by a motor 9, also serves to support the heat exchange with the surroundings.
  • Compressor 1 and expansion machine 5 are on a common one Shaft 10 arranged so that the compressor can be driven by the circuit itself after a single start, that is to say by the expansion machine 5.
  • the mechanical energy which is also available can be taken up by a generator 11, part of which is the electrical power is led via lines 12 to the motor 9 for the fan 8. Another part of the energy can be used at 13. In addition or instead, mechanical energy can also be taken from the shaft 10 at 14.
  • the figure also shows that the shaft 10 also rotates the disk 20.
  • the disk 20 will normally be rotated at a lower speed than the compressor 1, the expansion machine 5 and the generator 11.
  • a reduction gear not shown in the figure, will be provided.
  • the hydrogen gas is adsorbed while absorbing heat (section 4'-4 in the P-V diagram). Only the original working gas then has to be cooled down (route 4-1 in the P-V diagram). This heat can be absorbed at least in part by the endothermic process of hydrogen adsorption. Then the gas has returned to its original state (point 1); the cycle can begin again.
  • a heat pump is shown, which works according to the cycle process according to the invention.
  • the heat pump of FIG. 3 differs from the heat engine of FIG. 1 only in that instead of the heating container 2, the heating element 3 and the heat source 4, a heat exchanger 21 is provided with which a medium to be heated (for example room air) is heated .
  • a medium to be heated for example room air
  • the shaft 10 of the heat pump of FIG. 3 is driven by electrical energy fed in at 13 with the aid of the motor / generator 11 or by mechanical energy applied at 14.
  • the gas is heated in the compressor 1; the heat is given off in the heat exchanger 21 to the medium to be heated.
  • the hydrogen portion of the gas is adsorbed in the lower part of the disk-shaped element 20 with heat absorption.
  • heat is absorbed here, since that which is cooled by the expansion Gas for the circuit must be reheated. The corresponding heat is taken from the environment in the heat exchanger 7.
  • the disc-shaped element 20 has been omitted in the heat engine shown in FIG. 4. Instead, a metal powder is carried in the gas circuit.
  • the desorption of hydrogen gas with an increase in the volume of the working medium takes place in the heating tank 2.
  • Original, neutral working gas, hydrogen and metal powder are then carried in a cycle until the hydrogen gas from the metal powder in one in the heat exchanger 7 endothermic process is adsorbed again.
  • endothermic adsorption as well as volume enlargement and reduction are fully retained.
  • the only disadvantage is that metal powder must be carried in the working medium, which can lead to signs of wear on the walls of the lines, the compressor and the expansion machine.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
EP87903871A 1986-06-12 1987-06-11 Thermodynamischer kreisprozess Expired - Lifetime EP0309467B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87903871T ATE86360T1 (de) 1986-06-12 1987-06-11 Thermodynamischer kreisprozess.

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863619749 DE3619749A1 (de) 1986-06-12 1986-06-12 Vorrichtung zur erzeugung mechanischer energie
DE3619749 1986-06-12
CA000553690A CA1320055C (en) 1986-06-12 1987-12-07 Thermodynamic cyclic process

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0309467A1 EP0309467A1 (de) 1989-04-05
EP0309467B1 true EP0309467B1 (de) 1993-03-03

Family

ID=25671623

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87903871A Expired - Lifetime EP0309467B1 (de) 1986-06-12 1987-06-11 Thermodynamischer kreisprozess

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5121606A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0309467B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPH01502923A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
KR (1) KR950006403B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU620314B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1320055C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3619749A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO1987007676A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101624944A (zh) * 2008-07-11 2010-01-13 何松滨 以再加热等温膨胀使理论效率达百分之六十的中型太阳能发动机和方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO322472B1 (no) * 2002-04-24 2006-10-09 Geba As Fremgangsmater for produksjon av mekanisk energi ved hjelp av sykliske termokjemiske prosesser samt anlegg for samme

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1395738A (fr) * 1964-03-04 1965-04-16 Snecma Turbo-machine thermique à cycle fermé
DE2345420A1 (de) * 1973-09-08 1975-04-03 Kernforschungsanlage Juelich Verfahren zum betreiben von kraftmaschinen, kaeltemaschinen oder dergleichen sowie arbeitsmittel zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens
US4009575A (en) * 1975-05-12 1977-03-01 said Thomas L. Hartman, Jr. Multi-use absorption/regeneration power cycle
US4085590A (en) * 1976-01-05 1978-04-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Hydride compressor
AU503959B2 (en) * 1976-03-16 1979-09-27 Schoeppel, R.J. Hydride-dehydride power generator
US4262739A (en) * 1977-03-01 1981-04-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy System for thermal energy storage, space heating and cooling and power conversion
DE2737059C3 (de) * 1977-08-17 1981-02-19 Georg Prof. Dr. 8000 Muenchen Alefeld Kreisprozeß mit einem Mehrstoffarbeitsmittel
DD139620B1 (de) * 1978-03-02 1981-07-29 Bodo Wolf Kraftprozesskombination zur erzeugung von technischer arbeit
US4397153A (en) * 1978-04-27 1983-08-09 Terry Lynn E Power cycles based upon cyclical hydriding and dehydriding of a material
US4537031A (en) * 1980-03-03 1985-08-27 Terry Lynn E Power cycles based upon cyclical hydriding and dehydriding of a material
JPS5728818A (en) * 1980-07-25 1982-02-16 Daikin Ind Ltd Heat utilization refrigerator
JPH0670534B2 (ja) * 1985-05-01 1994-09-07 利明 加部 ケミカルヒートポンプ装置
US4712610A (en) * 1986-11-28 1987-12-15 United Technologies Corporation Chemical heat pipe employing self-driven chemical pump based on a molar increase

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Beccu,K.D.,Lutz,H.,Pous,O.de im:Chemie-Ingenieur-Technik,48. Jahrgang, Heft 2, 1976, DIE CHEMISCHE SPEICHERUNG VON WASSERSTOFF IN METALLEN UND LEGIERUNGEN. *
Peisl, H. in: Physik in unserer Zeit, 9. Jahrgang, Heft 2, 1978, WASSERSTOFF IN METALLEN *
Reilly,J.J., Sandrock,G.D. in: Spektrum der Wissenschaft, April 80, METALLHYDRIDE ALS WASSERSTOFFSPEICHER *
Wenzl,H.in: Umschau in Wissenschaft und Technik,80.Jahrgang, Heft 1,1.Januar 1980, WASSERSTOFFSPIECHERUNG IN METALLEN *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101624944A (zh) * 2008-07-11 2010-01-13 何松滨 以再加热等温膨胀使理论效率达百分之六十的中型太阳能发动机和方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3784504D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1993-04-08
EP0309467A1 (de) 1989-04-05
AU7519487A (en) 1988-01-11
JPH01502923A (ja) 1989-10-05
CA1320055C (en) 1993-07-13
DE3619749A1 (de) 1987-12-17
US5121606A (en) 1992-06-16
KR950006403B1 (ko) 1995-06-14
WO1987007676A1 (fr) 1987-12-17
KR880701315A (ko) 1988-07-26
AU620314B2 (en) 1992-02-20

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