EP0309369B1 - Deformable structure - Google Patents

Deformable structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0309369B1
EP0309369B1 EP88440070A EP88440070A EP0309369B1 EP 0309369 B1 EP0309369 B1 EP 0309369B1 EP 88440070 A EP88440070 A EP 88440070A EP 88440070 A EP88440070 A EP 88440070A EP 0309369 B1 EP0309369 B1 EP 0309369B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
deformation
seats
gutters
gutter
flattening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP88440070A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0309369A1 (en
Inventor
Charles Heidmann
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Steelcase Strafor SA
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Steelcase Strafor SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Steelcase Strafor SA filed Critical Steelcase Strafor SA
Priority to AT88440070T priority Critical patent/ATE72738T1/en
Publication of EP0309369A1 publication Critical patent/EP0309369A1/en
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Publication of EP0309369B1 publication Critical patent/EP0309369B1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/36—Support for the head or the back
    • A47C7/40—Support for the head or the back for the back
    • A47C7/44—Support for the head or the back for the back with elastically-mounted back-rest or backrest-seat unit in the base frame
    • A47C7/448—Support for the head or the back for the back with elastically-mounted back-rest or backrest-seat unit in the base frame with resilient blocks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S297/00—Chairs and seats
    • Y10S297/02—Molded

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new semi-rigid structure with controlled ability to unidirectional deformation, usable in particular in the construction of ergonomic seats.
  • US Pat. No. 4,557,521 describes a seat whose backrest can be inclined elastically towards the rear, under the thrust of the occupant's back, thanks to a flexible elastic zone, in the form of a cylindrical segment, bringing together the seat, fixed, on the back, made in a single rigid piece.
  • a flexible elastic zone in the form of a cylindrical segment, bringing together the seat, fixed, on the back, made in a single rigid piece.
  • the occupant to rest the head on the upper part of the backrest, the occupant must tilt the entire backrest, without there being a safety limit to this tilting backwards.
  • the invention relates to a structure of this kind, but offering a much greater comfort to the user thanks to the fact that its deformation gives rise to a generally rounded shape, thus conforming exactly to the curvature of the back of the user.
  • the invention relates to a semi-rigid structure with controllable ability to unidirectional deformation, usable in particular in an embodiment of the ergonomic seats, characterized in that it consists of a succession of parallel blocks of rigid material, joined together by narrow gutters made of thin and / or more flexible material, extending over the entire length of said blocks, the deformation of the structure resulting from the flattening of all the gutters, such flattening being limited by ribs arranged at the interior of said gutters.
  • Such a structure according to the invention is therefore particularly advantageous for the production of such seats, in particular office seats, the back of which comprises an upper portion slightly reclining towards the rear to increase the comfort of the occupant by allowing him to relax by throwing the shoulders back.
  • such structures can be adapted to any other portion of seats of any kind with the same advantages.
  • the structure is specially designed for an armchair whose back is curved to adapt to the rounded shape of the body.
  • the structure according to the invention is located, the elements of which are curved, while the lateral, flat portions are integral with the structure and play the role of hinges maintaining this central portion.
  • FIGS. 1 a and 1 b there are shown two conventional structures, one of corrugated material, comprising recesses 1, 1 ′, 1 ⁇ on one face and recesses 2, 2 ′, 2 ⁇ on the other side, and the other in accordion, having folds 3, 3 ′, 3 ⁇ on one side and 4, 4 ′, 4 ⁇ on the other side.
  • the structure of FIG. 1 is rectilinear, in the direction XX ′, the hollows 1 being equal to the hollows 2
  • the structure of FIG. 2 is also rectilinear, in the direction YY ′, the angles of the folds 3 being equal to the angles of the folds 4.
  • the structure according to the invention consists of rigid blocks 5, spaced from one another by ribs 6 and joined by gutters 7, made of thinner material and / or more flexible, which constitute the only deformable portions of the structure.
  • each gutter being small, when an effect is exerted on the structure in the direction F, the overall direction of the structure will pass from ZZ′ to ZZ ⁇ , the whole Z′ZZ ⁇ being small, and function the number of gutters.
  • ribs 8 in the interior of the gutters there are provided, according to the invention, ribs 8 in the interior of the gutters. The control of the deformation of the structure therefore depends on two factors, which can be provided on request, namely the ratio between the width and the depth of each gutter 7 and the thickness of each rib 8.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 The practical realization of this structure is illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, where the same elements have the same references, but where the dimensional factors appear which condition the behavior of the structure.
  • each block 5 has a thickness of 3 mm, while the rounding of each gutter 7 has only a thickness of 2.25 mm.
  • Each gutter has a depth of 12 mm, and an opening of 4 mm, while each rib 8 has a thickness of 2 mm, which leaves to each gutter only a clearance of 2 mm, which represents a deformation of 1 ° of angle.
  • the reinforcing ribs 6 between each gutter have a thickness of 1.5 mm.
  • FIG. 5 there are shown schematically in horizontal section the back of a chair having a central portion C curved in the vertical direction to conform to the back of the occupant and two flat side portions 9 and 9 '. It is obvious that normally, a portion curved in the vertical direction cannot be bent in the horizontal direction. On the contrary, the structure according to the invention allows such bending, which represents considerable progress and constitutes an important characteristic of the invention.
  • the two flat lateral portions 9 and 9 ′ control the horizontal bending of the structure 4-5 by playing the role of hinges.
  • the invention therefore provides the problem of making such seats with a fundamentally new and original solution, adaptable to all situations.

Abstract

Semi-rigid structure which ability to the unidirectional deformation can be controlled, and particularly utilizable in the making of "ergonomic" seats, characterized in that it consists in a succession of parallel blocks 5 of rigid material joined together by narrow webs (7) of thinner and/or more flexible material, the deformation of the structure resulting from the pressing of all the webs, such a pressing being limited by ribs 8 placed inside the foresaid webs.

Description

La présente invention concerne une nouvelle structure semi-rigide à aptitude contrôlée à la déformation unidirectionnelle, utilisable notamment dans la construction de sièges ergonomiques.The present invention relates to a new semi-rigid structure with controlled ability to unidirectional deformation, usable in particular in the construction of ergonomic seats.

Les études conduites depuis plusieurs années sur l'importance du "confort" des sièges, notamment des sièges de bureau, sur le bien-être physique, et par suite sur la rentabilité de leurs occupants, a amené les constructeurs à concevoir de tels sièges comportant des moyens permettant leur adaptation à la configuration de chaque individu et à leurs positions. De tels sièges sont désignés par "ergonomiques" et lesdits moyens portent sur le réglage de la hauteur des différents éléments du siège et l'aptitude de ces éléments à basculer et/ou s'incliner dans des zones déterminées, notamment le dos, selon la position prise par l'occupant.Studies carried out for several years on the importance of the "comfort" of seats, in particular office seats, on physical well-being, and consequently on the profitability of their occupants, has led manufacturers to design such seats comprising means allowing their adaptation to the configuration of each individual and to their positions. Such seats are designated by "ergonomic" and said means relate to the adjustment of the height of the various elements of the seat and the ability of these elements to tilt and / or recline in determined zones, in particular the back, according to the position taken by the occupant.

A cet effet, divers moyens ont été proposés, parmi lesquels l'aptitude à la déformation par exemple du dossier par rapport à l'assise du siège, ou de la partie supérieure du dossier par rapport à la partie inférieure. Le défaut commun à tous les systèmes proposés est l'absence de contrôle de l'amplitude de la déformation.To this end, various means have been proposed, including the ability to deform, for example the backrest relative to the seat, or the upper part of the backrest relative to the lower part. The defect common to all proposed systems is the absence of control of the amplitude of the deformation.

Ainsi, le brevet US-4,557,521 décrit un siège dont le dossier peut s'incliner élastiquement vers l'arrière, sous la poussée du dos de l'occupant, grâce à une zone flexible élastique, sous forme d'un segment cylindrique, réunissant l'assise, fixe, au dossier, réalisé en une seule pièce rigide. Dans ce cas, pour faire reposer la tête sur la partie supérieure du dossier, l'occupant doit faire basculer l'ensemble du dossier, sans qu'il existe une limite de sécurité à ce basculement vers l'arrière.Thus, US Pat. No. 4,557,521 describes a seat whose backrest can be inclined elastically towards the rear, under the thrust of the occupant's back, thanks to a flexible elastic zone, in the form of a cylindrical segment, bringing together the seat, fixed, on the back, made in a single rigid piece. In this case, to rest the head on the upper part of the backrest, the occupant must tilt the entire backrest, without there being a safety limit to this tilting backwards.

Bien entendu, au lieu d'un segment de cylindre unique, on a aussi proposé des zones flexibles constituées par des portions en matière souple, ondulées ou pliées en accordéon, comme décrit dans la publication ARGOFLEX 44 de la firme Albert Stoll Argoflex AG. L'inconvénient de telles portions ondulées est en premier lieu de constituer une zone affaiblie de la structure ; en second lieu, une telle portion souple ondulée ou en accordéon peut se déformer, également sans limite, dans un sens ou dans l'autre.Of course, instead of a single cylinder segment, flexible zones have also been proposed consisting of portions of flexible material, wavy or folded in accordion, as described in the publication ARGOFLEX 44 of the firm Albert Stoll Argoflex AG. The disadvantage of such wavy portions is first of all to constitute a weakened area of the structure; secondly, such a flexible corrugated or accordion portion can deform, also without limit, in one direction or the other.

Enfin, il a été proposé dans le document WO 87/04909 une structure déformable selon le préambule de la revendication 1 constituée par des nervures parallèles séparées par des espaces intermédiaires et maintenues ensemble par des éléments de liaison consistant eux-mêmes en des charnières du type à membrane. Une telle structure représente un simple système d'inclinaison d'un élément plan tel qu'un dossier rigide par rapport à un autre élément plan, tel qu'une assise.Finally, it has been proposed in document WO 87/04909 a deformable structure according to the preamble of claim 1 constituted by parallel ribs separated by intermediate spaces and held together by connecting elements themselves consisting of hinges of the type membrane. Such a structure represents a simple system of tilting a planar element such as a rigid backrest relative to another planar element, such as a seat.

L'invention vise une structure de ce genre, mais offrant un beaucoup plus grand confort à l'usager grâce au fait que sa déformation donne naissance à une forme globalement arrondie, se conformant ainsi exactement à la courbure du dos de l'usager.The invention relates to a structure of this kind, but offering a much greater comfort to the user thanks to the fact that its deformation gives rise to a generally rounded shape, thus conforming exactly to the curvature of the back of the user.

Dans ce but, l'invention vise une structure semi-rigide à aptitude contrôlable à la déformation unidirectionnelle, utilisable notamment dans une réalisation des sièges ergonomiques, caractérisée en ce qu'elle consiste en une succession de blocs parallèles en matériau rigide, réunis entre eux par des gouttières étroites en matériau mince et/ou plus souple, s'étendant sur toute la longueur desdits blocs, la déformation de la structure résultant de l'aplatissement de l'ensemble des gouttières, un tel aplatissement étant limité par des nervures disposées à l'intérieur desdites gouttières.For this purpose, the invention relates to a semi-rigid structure with controllable ability to unidirectional deformation, usable in particular in an embodiment of the ergonomic seats, characterized in that it consists of a succession of parallel blocks of rigid material, joined together by narrow gutters made of thin and / or more flexible material, extending over the entire length of said blocks, the deformation of the structure resulting from the flattening of all the gutters, such flattening being limited by ribs arranged at the interior of said gutters.

Dans une telle structure, la déformation par aplatissemnt de chaque gouttière déterminée par le rapport entre la largeur et la profondeur de ladite gouttière est extrêmement faible, de l'ordre de 1° d'angle, et l'amplitude de la déformation totale de la structure peut donc être contrôlée avec beaucoup de précision par le nombre total de couples bloc-gouttière constituant la structure. Il devient donc possible d'adapter avec précision un siège à la configuration de son occupant, ce qui justifie la qualification d'"ergonomique" d'un tel siège, ce qui n'était nullement le cas avec les sièges antérieurement proposés.In such a structure, the deformation by flattening of each gutter determined by the ratio between the width and the depth of said gutter is extremely small, of the order of 1 ° angle, and the amplitude of the total deformation of the structure can therefore be controlled with great precision by the total number of block-gutter couples constituting the structure. It therefore becomes possible to precisely adapt a seat to the configuration of its occupant, which justifies the qualification of "ergonomic" of such a seat, which was by no means the case with the seats previously proposed.

Une telle structure selon l'invention est donc particulièrement avantageuse pour la réalisation de tels sièges, notamment des sièges de bureau, dont le dossier comporte une portion supérieure légèrement inclinable vers l'arrière pour augmenter le confort de l'occupant en lui permettant de se relaxer en rejetant les épaules vers l'arrière. Bien entendu de telles structures peuvent être adaptées à toute autre portion de sièges de toute nature avec les mêmes avantages.Such a structure according to the invention is therefore particularly advantageous for the production of such seats, in particular office seats, the back of which comprises an upper portion slightly reclining towards the rear to increase the comfort of the occupant by allowing him to relax by throwing the shoulders back. Of course, such structures can be adapted to any other portion of seats of any kind with the same advantages.

Ainsi, selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, la structure est spécialement conçue pour un fauteuil dont le dossier est galbé pour s'adapter à l'arrondi du corps. Dans ce cas, c'est dans la partie centrale de ce dossier qu'est située la structure selon l'invention, dont les éléments sont galbés, tandis que les portions latérales, planes, sont solidaires de la structure et jouent le rôle de charnières de maintien de cette portion centrale.Thus, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the structure is specially designed for an armchair whose back is curved to adapt to the rounded shape of the body. In this case, it is in the central part of this file that the structure according to the invention is located, the elements of which are curved, while the lateral, flat portions are integral with the structure and play the role of hinges maintaining this central portion.

On va illustrer l'invention grâce au dessin annexé, sur lequel :

  • Les figures 1a et 1b illustrent schématiquement les structures déformables de type antérieur,
  • La figure 2 représente le principe de la structure selon l'invention,
  • La figure 3 représente en coupe transversale le détail d'une structure selon l'invention, et
  • La figure 4 est une coupe suivant IV-IV de la figure 3.
  • et la figure 5 est une coupe horizontale, au niveau comportant la structure, d'un dossier de fauteuil équipé selon l'invention.
The invention will be illustrated by the appended drawing, in which:
  • FIGS. 1 a and 1 b schematically illustrate the deformable structures of the prior type,
  • FIG. 2 represents the principle of the structure according to the invention,
  • FIG. 3 shows in cross section the detail of a structure according to the invention, and
  • Figure 4 is a section on IV-IV of Figure 3.
  • and FIG. 5 is a horizontal section, at the level comprising the structure, of an armchair backrest equipped according to the invention.

Si l'on se reporte d'abord aux figures 1a et 1b, on y a représenté deux structures classiques, l'une en matériau ondulé, comportant des creux 1, 1′, 1˝ sur une face et des creux 2, 2′, 2˝ sur l'autre face, et l'autre en accordéon, présentant des pliures 3, 3′, 3˝ sur une face et 4, 4′, 4˝ sur l'autre face. Au repos, la structure de la figure 1 est rectiligne, dans la direction XX′, les creux 1 étant égaux aux creux 2, et la structure de la figure 2 est également rectiligne, dans la direction YY′, les angles des plis 3 étant égaux aux angles des plis 4.If we refer first to FIGS. 1 a and 1 b , there are shown two conventional structures, one of corrugated material, comprising recesses 1, 1 ′, 1˝ on one face and recesses 2, 2 ′, 2˝ on the other side, and the other in accordion, having folds 3, 3 ′, 3˝ on one side and 4, 4 ′, 4˝ on the other side. At rest, the structure of FIG. 1 is rectilinear, in the direction XX ′, the hollows 1 being equal to the hollows 2, and the structure of FIG. 2 is also rectilinear, in the direction YY ′, the angles of the folds 3 being equal to the angles of the folds 4.

Si l'on déforme ces structures dans le sens des flèches F, elles vont prendre une courbure, schématisée par XX˝ sur la figure 1 et YY˝ sur la figure 2, les creux 1 ou les angles 3 s'évasant et les creux 2 ou les angles 4 s'écrasant. Une telle déformation présente deux caractéristiques :

  • elle est pratiquement incontrôlable dans son amplitude ;
  • elle peut intervenir indifféremment dans le sens F, ou dans le sens contraire F′.
If these structures are deformed in the direction of the arrows F, they will take a curvature, shown diagrammatically by XX˝ in FIG. 1 and YY˝ in FIG. 2, the hollows 1 or the angles 3 flaring and the hollows 2 or the angles 4 crashing. Such deformation has two characteristics:
  • it is practically uncontrollable in its amplitude;
  • it can intervene indifferently in the direction F, or in the opposite direction F ′.

Il en résulte qu'il n'est pas possible avec de telles structures, de prévoir et d'ajuster en fonction d'un sujet la déformation de la zone d'un siège où elle est introduite. On ne peut donc pas parler alors de siège ergonomique au vrai sens du terme.It follows that it is not possible with such structures, to predict and adjust according to a subject the deformation of the area of a seat where it is introduced. We cannot therefore speak of an ergonomic seat in the true sense of the term.

Si l'on se reporte maintenant à la figure 2, on voit que la structure selon l'invention se compose de blocs rigides 5, espacés les uns des autres par des nervures 6 et réunis par des gouttières 7, en matériau plus mince et/ou plus souple, qui constituent les seules portions déformables de la structure.Referring now to FIG. 2, it can be seen that the structure according to the invention consists of rigid blocks 5, spaced from one another by ribs 6 and joined by gutters 7, made of thinner material and / or more flexible, which constitute the only deformable portions of the structure.

L'épaisseur de chaque gouttière étant faible, quand un effet est exercé sur la structure dans la direction F, la direction d'ensemble de la structure passera de ZZ′à ZZ˝, l'ensemble Z′ZZ˝ étant faible, et fonction du nombre de gouttières. Au surplus, pour limiter à volonté cet angle, on prévoit, selon l'invention, des nervures 8 dans l'intérieur des gouttières. Le contrôle de la déformation de la structure dépend donc de deux facteurs, que l'on peut prévoir à la demande, à savoir le rapport entre la largeur et la profondeur de chaque gouttière 7 et l'épaisseur de chaque nervure 8.The thickness of each gutter being small, when an effect is exerted on the structure in the direction F, the overall direction of the structure will pass from ZZ′ to ZZ˝, the whole Z′ZZ˝ being small, and function the number of gutters. In addition, to limit this angle at will, there are provided, according to the invention, ribs 8 in the interior of the gutters. The control of the deformation of the structure therefore depends on two factors, which can be provided on request, namely the ratio between the width and the depth of each gutter 7 and the thickness of each rib 8.

La réalisation pratique de cette structure est illustrée aux figures 3 et 4, où les mêmes éléments portent les mêmes références, mais où apparaissent les facteurs dimensionnels qui conditionnent le comportement de la structure.The practical realization of this structure is illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, where the same elements have the same references, but where the dimensional factors appear which condition the behavior of the structure.

Ainsi, dans cet exemple, chaque bloc 5 a une épaisseur de 3 mm, tandis que l'arrondi de chaque gouttière 7 n'a qu'une épaisseur de 2,25 mm. Chaque gouttière a une profondeur de de 12 mm, et une ouverture de 4 mm, tandis que chaque nervure 8 a une épaisseur de 2 mm, ce quine laisse à chaque gouttière qu'un débattement de 2 mm, ce qui représente une déformation de 1° d'angle. Les nervures de renforcement 6 entre chaque gouttière ont une épaisseur de 1,5 mm. Ces chiffres montrent que l'aptitude à la déformation d'une telle structure peut être contrôlée avec une grande précision, de l'ordre du degré d'angle, ce qui permet donc d'adapter la structure à toute conformation voulue, ce qui est la définition même du siège ergonomique.Thus, in this example, each block 5 has a thickness of 3 mm, while the rounding of each gutter 7 has only a thickness of 2.25 mm. Each gutter has a depth of 12 mm, and an opening of 4 mm, while each rib 8 has a thickness of 2 mm, which leaves to each gutter only a clearance of 2 mm, which represents a deformation of 1 ° of angle. The reinforcing ribs 6 between each gutter have a thickness of 1.5 mm. These figures show that the deformability of such a structure can be controlled with great precision, of the order of the degree of angle, which therefore makes it possible to adapt the structure to any desired conformation, which is the very definition of the ergonomic seat.

Enfin, si l'on se réfère à la figure 5, on y a représenté schématiquement en coupe horizontale le dossier d'un fauteuil comportant une portion centrale C galbée dans le sens vertical pour se conformer au dos de l'occupant et deux portions latérales planes 9 et 9′. Il est évident que normalement, une portion galbée dans le sens vertical ne peut être fléchie dans le sens horizontal. Au contraire, la structure selon l'invention autorise une telle flexion, ce qui représente un progrès considérable et constitue une caractéristique importante de l'invention. Les deux portions latérales planes 9 et 9′ assurent le contrôle de la flexion horizontale de la structure 4-5 en jouant le rôle de charnières.Finally, if we refer to Figure 5, there are shown schematically in horizontal section the back of a chair having a central portion C curved in the vertical direction to conform to the back of the occupant and two flat side portions 9 and 9 '. It is obvious that normally, a portion curved in the vertical direction cannot be bent in the horizontal direction. On the contrary, the structure according to the invention allows such bending, which represents considerable progress and constitutes an important characteristic of the invention. The two flat lateral portions 9 and 9 ′ control the horizontal bending of the structure 4-5 by playing the role of hinges.

L'invention apporte donc au problème de la réalisation de tels sièges une solution fondamentalement nouvelle et originale, adaptable à toutes les situations.The invention therefore provides the problem of making such seats with a fundamentally new and original solution, adaptable to all situations.

Claims (4)

1. A semi-rigid structure having adjustable susceptibility to deformation in one direction, which may be used in the construction of ergonomic seats in particular, characterised in that it comprises a succession of parallel blocks 5 of rigid material which are joined together by means of narrow gutters 7 of a thinner and/or more flerible material ertending over the entire length of the said blocks, the deformation of the structure resulting from the flattening of these gutters as a whole, this flattening being restricted by ribs 8 located within the said gutters.
2. A structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the ratio between the width and the depth of each gutter limits the angle of flattening of the said gutter to approrimately 1 degree.
3. Application of the structure according to claim 1 to the construction of the deformable parts of seats, in particular of a connection zone between the lower part and the upper part of the back of an ergonomic seat.
4. Application according to claim 3, characterised in that the said back comprises a horizontally curved central portion and two flat lateral portions, the structure according to claims 1 and 2 being located at an appropriate height in the said central portion.
EP88440070A 1987-09-22 1988-08-30 Deformable structure Expired - Lifetime EP0309369B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88440070T ATE72738T1 (en) 1987-09-22 1988-08-30 DEFORMABLE STRUCTURE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8713247 1987-09-22
FR8713247A FR2620791B1 (en) 1987-09-22 1987-09-22 DEFORMABLE STRUCTURE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0309369A1 EP0309369A1 (en) 1989-03-29
EP0309369B1 true EP0309369B1 (en) 1992-02-26

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EP88440070A Expired - Lifetime EP0309369B1 (en) 1987-09-22 1988-08-30 Deformable structure

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US (1) US4913493A (en)
EP (1) EP0309369B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE72738T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1285470C (en)
DE (1) DE3868575D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2029530T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2620791B1 (en)
GR (1) GR3004689T3 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
US4913493A (en) 1990-04-03
GR3004689T3 (en) 1993-04-28
ES2029530T3 (en) 1992-08-16
ATE72738T1 (en) 1992-03-15
FR2620791A1 (en) 1989-03-24
DE3868575D1 (en) 1992-04-02
FR2620791B1 (en) 1989-12-29
CA1285470C (en) 1991-07-02
EP0309369A1 (en) 1989-03-29

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