EP0305716B1 - Method for controlling high-pressure fuel delivery duration of a fuel injection pump - Google Patents

Method for controlling high-pressure fuel delivery duration of a fuel injection pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0305716B1
EP0305716B1 EP88111647A EP88111647A EP0305716B1 EP 0305716 B1 EP0305716 B1 EP 0305716B1 EP 88111647 A EP88111647 A EP 88111647A EP 88111647 A EP88111647 A EP 88111647A EP 0305716 B1 EP0305716 B1 EP 0305716B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
fuel injection
load
adjusting
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88111647A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0305716A3 (en
EP0305716A2 (en
Inventor
Ewald Dr. Eblen
Anton Karle
Helmut Laufer
Max Dr. Straubel
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Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0305716A2 publication Critical patent/EP0305716A2/en
Publication of EP0305716A3 publication Critical patent/EP0305716A3/en
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Publication of EP0305716B1 publication Critical patent/EP0305716B1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M41/00Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor
    • F02M41/08Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined
    • F02M41/10Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor
    • F02M41/12Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor the pistons rotating to act as the distributor
    • F02M41/123Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor the pistons rotating to act as the distributor characterised by means for varying fuel delivery or injection timing
    • F02M41/128Varying injection timing by angular adjustment of the face-cam or the rollers support
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D1/00Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type
    • F02D1/16Adjustment of injection timing
    • F02D1/18Adjustment of injection timing with non-mechanical means for transmitting control impulse; with amplification of control impulse
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D1/00Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type
    • F02D1/16Adjustment of injection timing
    • F02D1/18Adjustment of injection timing with non-mechanical means for transmitting control impulse; with amplification of control impulse
    • F02D1/183Adjustment of injection timing with non-mechanical means for transmitting control impulse; with amplification of control impulse hydraulic
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M41/00Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor
    • F02M41/08Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined
    • F02M41/10Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor
    • F02M41/12Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor the pistons rotating to act as the distributor
    • F02M41/123Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor the pistons rotating to act as the distributor characterised by means for varying fuel delivery or injection timing
    • F02M41/125Variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/36Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages
    • F02M59/366Valves being actuated electrically
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/09Fuel-injection apparatus having means for reducing noise

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method according to the type of the main claim.
  • the fuel delivery rate is changed in a controlled manner by adjusting the cam drive.
  • This is a radial piston injection pump, in which the start of the cam elevation curve can now be used in an injection-effective manner in cooperation with the electrically controlled valve. It is switched from a low force injection rate corresponding to the relatively low initial slope of the cam elevation curve to a high fuel injection rate corresponding to the central area of the cam elevation curve. This is done in order to adapt the start of injection and also the injection rate to the requirements of the internal combustion engine, and in particular to change it during operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • a particular problem with diesel internal combustion engines is the low-noise combustion of the small fuel injection quantities that are injected for operation at low load or when idling.
  • To reduce the noise as little fuel as possible should suddenly ignite at the time of ignition. If only a low fuel injection rate is injected in these special operating areas, only a partial quantity is ignited suddenly, the rest of the fuel still to be injected is then continuously supplied.
  • Such measures to extend the injection duration can be carried out either via injection valve designs or pump designs. These measures are regularly associated with a high level of design effort, in particular when the fuel injection rate is to be achieved by flowing off partial fuel quantities in the bypass to the fuel quantity delivered under high pressure.
  • a fuel injection pump in which a pump and distributor piston, which is reciprocally moved and rotated at the same time, is provided, which includes a pump working space in a cylinder, into which it moves during its suction stroke Sucks fuel from a low pressure fuel source.
  • a longitudinal channel runs through the pump piston, through which the pump working chamber can be connected to the low-pressure source, controlled by a ring slide that is displaceable on the pump piston and that is adjustable by a speed controller and thus determines the effective delivery stroke of the pump piston.
  • the longitudinal channel is closed at the beginning of the delivery stroke of the pump piston and, depending on the position of the ring slide, is opened sooner or later in the course of its delivery stroke, so that the remaining fuel that is displaced from the pump working space flows out and from this point on, injection pressure can no longer build up.
  • a channel branches off from the pump workspace to a withdrawal volume, which is controlled by the evasive movement of a piston. This evasive movement is in turn controlled by a solenoid valve, which is arranged in a connecting line of the pressure chamber enclosed on the side of the piston facing away from the evasive volume to the low-pressure fuel source.
  • the start of the high-pressure injection in this diesel pump is also controlled by an injection adjusting piston which engages in the drive of the pump piston and determines the start of the delivery stroke of the pump piston.
  • the adjusting piston which is displaceable against the force of a return spring, is supplied with fuel pressure on its end face facing away from the return spring, which pressure is controlled via a solenoid valve depending on operating parameters, in particular the speed and also on the position of the accelerator pedal of the internal combustion engine. A feedback is also provided to check the entered position.
  • the delivery rate in a mechanically controlled fuel injection pump is varied by the controlled removal volume and the start of injection is set precisely depending on a number of relevant operating parameters.
  • each delivery stroke takes place at the beginning of a cam elevation curve driving the pump piston and basically ends at every load in a region of the cam elevation curve that lies before the top dead center thereof.
  • the ring slide controls a first outlet opening of the relief channel on the lateral surface of the pump piston such that, after a certain pump piston stroke, no high pressure can build up in the pump work chamber for high pressure injection and the end of injection is thus determined.
  • the relief channel is closed at the start of the pump piston delivery stroke and is opened at the end of the controlled delivery stroke, so that the start of spraying is determined by the setting of the start of the pump piston stroke.
  • the setting is made using a known injection start adjustment device which adjusts the cam drive of the pump piston.
  • a second outlet opening of the relief channel is initially connected to the low-pressure chamber via a groove arrangement in the ring slide when the pump piston stroke begins. From a position determined by the length of the grooves or the position of the ring slide is closed during the following stroke of the pump piston, so that the build-up of an injection-effective delivery pressure in the pump work space begins at a later time than in the prescribed case.
  • the end of the high-pressure injection is in turn determined by the upper control edge and the opening of the first outlet opening of the relief channel.
  • the effective delivery stroke of the pump piston is adjusted in a certain initial area of the cam elevation curve of the cam drive. The end of delivery always takes place in the usual way before the end of the cam elevation curve. In principle, a smaller injection quantity is available for the design of the ring slide valve for the later start of spraying for design reasons.
  • the method according to the invention developed with the characterizing features of the main claim, has the advantage over the prior art mentioned at the outset that, due to the special choice of the part of the cam elevation curve going to the top dead center for the pump piston drive at low load and the flat curve profile present there, in a simple manner a desired low fuel injection rate can be achieved for the purpose of reducing noise when the engine is idling.
  • a desired low fuel injection rate can be achieved for the purpose of reducing noise when the engine is idling.
  • the otherwise customary pump is operated in a known manner.
  • the start of spraying can be controlled either by the spray adjusting device or by controlling the electrically controlled valve when the spray adjusting device is reset to normal operation.
  • An advantageous fuel injection pump for carrying out the method according to the invention mentioned at the outset is specified in claim 3, it being possible in an advantageous manner to use a conventional spray adjustment device such as is implemented in large quantities in mechanically controlled fuel injection pumps.
  • the fuel injection pump according to the invention can be implemented cheaply in a modular system.
  • the usual spray adjuster is modified in a simple manner without hindering its early adjustment depending on the speed.
  • the spray adjustment control can be influenced in a universal manner and, in addition to the parameters speed, load and idling operation, other parameters can also be taken into account. These are, for example, the cold start conditions.
  • the configurations according to claims 6 to 7 offer exact setting options using injection adjustment devices known per se.
  • the still beneficial Embodiment according to claims 8 and 9 offers the possibility of leaving the speed-dependent injection start adjustment characteristic of the injection adjustment device unaffected by merely shifting the entire injection start adjustment device for operation in the idling range.
  • FIG. 1 shows a distributor fuel injection pump for performing the method according to the invention in a first exemplary embodiment with the spray adjustment coupled to the accelerator pedal of the internal combustion engine
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the control times for the first exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 3 shows a first variant for the first exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 4 shows a second variant of the Spray adjustment for the first embodiment
  • FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment with a spray adjuster provided with a control piston or servo piston with control pressure influenced by a solenoid valve
  • FIG. 6 shows a variant of the embodiment according to FIG. 5 with a control slide actuated by a servomotor or stepper motor
  • FIG. 1 shows a distributor fuel injection pump for performing the method according to the invention in a first exemplary embodiment with the spray adjustment coupled to the accelerator pedal of the internal combustion engine
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the control times for the first exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 3 shows a first variant for the first exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 4 shows a second variant of
  • FIG. 7 shows a diagram of the Operation of the exemplary embodiments according to FIG. 5 or 6,
  • FIG. 8 a sixth exemplary embodiment of the invention with an injection adjusting piston of the injection adjusting device, which is mounted in a carrier piston, the tra piston is adjustable by a controlled control pressure and
  • Figure 9 shows a variant of the embodiment of Figure 8, in which the carrier piston is mechanically adjusted by an actuator.
  • a pump piston 3 is mounted in a pump cylinder 2, which includes a pump work chamber 4 on the end side in the pump cylinder 2.
  • the pump piston is caused by a cam drive 6, consisting of a cam 7, which runs on a rotatable roller ring 8 with rollers 9, in a reciprocating and at the same time rotating movement.
  • the cam disk 7 is coupled to a drive shaft 11 guided through the housing and, on the other hand, is coupled to the pump piston via a pin 12, which is held on the cam disk 7 by two springs 13 and on the rollers 9.
  • the pump piston When the pump piston rotates, it also serves as a distributor in that it directs the fuel displaced from it from the working space 4 via a longitudinal bore 14, to which a distributor opening 15, which opens radially to the outer surface of the pump piston, leads to one of several fuel injection lines 17. These lines lead away from the pump cylinder in a radial plane and are distributed around the pump cylinder in accordance with the number of pump strokes of the pump piston per revolution or the number of fuel injection points to be supplied. The injection lines lead to injection nozzles (not shown further) on the internal combustion engine.
  • the pump working space is filled via filling grooves 18, which are arranged as longitudinal grooves on the pump working space end face of the pump piston and which alternately come into connection with a filling opening 19 opening into the pump cylinder during the suction stroke.
  • the filling opening 19 is connected via a suction channel 21 to the inside of the pump housing, where a fuel-filled suction chamber 22 is provided.
  • This is supplied with fuel from a fuel feed pump 23 from a fuel reservoir 24 and is kept under a controlled pressure by means of a pressure valve 25 which controls the outflow from the suction chamber to the fuel reservoir or to the suction side of the feed pump 30.
  • a relief duct 27 is also connected to the pump work chamber 4, which also leads to the suction chamber 22, but contains an electrically controlled valve 29 which is controlled by a control device 30.
  • the control takes place in such a way that the relief channel 27 is closed by means of a valve closing member 31 of the electrically controlled valve 29 when fuel brought to high pressure is to be injected.
  • the electrically controlled valve closes, the start of fuel injection during the pump piston delivery stroke can be determined and, when the valve opens, the end of fuel injection and thus also the amount of fuel to be injected can be determined.
  • the injection phase is determined in a manner known per se, and this can be varied within a wide range, provided that the cam provided for driving the pump piston enables this variation by means of a corresponding lifting height.
  • distributor fuel injection pumps of this type which are provided to supply a few injection points, such as a three-cylinder or four-cylinder distributor injection pump, a relatively long cam flank of the cams provided on the cam disk 7 is available.
  • the available cam height is reduced since the cam flanks cannot be designed to be as steep as desired for reasons of strength and for reasons of dynamic behavior.
  • the possibilities to carry out the injection start adjustment necessary for the dynamic behavior of the internal combustion engine to early with the control by the electrically controlled valve 29 are also reduced.
  • a pin 39 extends from the front side, which leads in the axial direction through the front wall of the guide cylinder 36 to the outside, there has a stop plate 40, on which a cam 42 comes to rest.
  • This is pivotable about an axis 43 by a lever 44, which is coupled via a coupling device 45 to an accelerator pedal 46, with which a driver of the vehicle, which is driven by the internal combustion engine supplied by the fuel injection pump, the torque request or the achievable speed or Enter vehicle speed.
  • a lever 48 is also coupled to the lever 44, the output signal of which is fed to the control device 30 and which is advantageously designed as a potentiometer coupled to the accelerator pedal.
  • the rotational position of the roller ring 8 can be changed and thus the angle of rotation of the drive shaft 11 or the cam disk 7 or the pump piston 3, at which a cam of the cam disk 7 begins to run onto one of the rollers.
  • several rollers 9 are provided which work together with a corresponding number of cams.
  • the roller ring is adjusted as a function of the load in accordance with the actuation of the accelerator pedal 46.
  • the device is designed such that the start of the delivery stroke of the pump piston occurs when the accelerator pedal is empty at an early angle of rotation and is adjusted to a later angle of rotation with increasing load becomes. This relationship can be seen from the diagram in FIG. 2.
  • the control device 30 now controls the electrically controlled valve 29 according to the invention in such a way that the pump piston delivers the fuel to be delivered up to its top dead center. Accordingly, valve 29 closes at TDC or shortly thereafter. The amount of fuel to be injected in this operating range is now controlled so that it is upstream of top dead center. If a delivery stroke hl is required for this, the electrically controlled valve must be closed at a point SB1.
  • the fuel injection pump For the injection of this idle amount corresponding to hl, the fuel injection pump requires an angle of rotation of ⁇ 1, that is from SB1 to OT. If the same amount were to be injected via a lower-lying cam stroke, a much smaller angle of rotation ⁇ 1 would be necessary, as can easily be seen from the diagram.
  • the advantage of the modulation selected here in idle mode is that the fuel injection quantities coming in for injection reach the injection over a large angle of rotation, which ultimately takes place at a very low fuel injection rate.
  • the idling quantity must be increased by the starting excess quantity QST or the stroke hst.
  • the electrically controlled valve 29 closes at an even earlier time ST. This additional early installation is entirely in line with the requirements, since a higher ignition delay must be expected when the internal combustion engine is still cold. Early adjustments are regularly made at the start of a cold internal combustion engine, so that the fuel that is brought in ignites in good time before TDC.
  • a variant for coupling the spray adjustment device shows the spray adjustment device 35 'according to FIG. 3.
  • the pin 39' is not actuated by a cam via a linkage from the accelerator pedal 46, but by an actuator 48 which detects the movement of the accelerator pedal 46 via a movement that detects this movement Transmitter 49 on the pin 39 'transmits.
  • a geared motor or a worm gear can be provided.
  • FIG. 4 A variant of the above exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the pressure in the suction chamber 22 is controlled as a function of the speed and is passed via a throttle opening 51 in the adjusting piston 34 'into a working chamber 52 which is enclosed on the end face by the adjusting piston 34' in the guide cylinder 36, the spring chamber 37 .
  • the adjusting piston 34 ' With increasing speed or increasing pressure in the suction chamber 22, the adjusting piston 34 'is then moved against the force of the return spring 38, which corresponds to an early adjustment.
  • the spring chamber 37 is also connected to the suction chamber 22 via a throttle 53.
  • the pressure in the spring chamber 37 can now be increased as a function of the load and thus a relative late adjustment of the above-described early adjustment can be superimposed.
  • the injection phase in the idling range can also be shifted to the top end of the cam elevation curve, as described above.
  • Such control of the pressure with the help of a Solenoid valve can also be provided with a corresponding adaptation for the control of the pressure in the working chamber 52 instead of a pressure control in the spring chamber.
  • the spring chamber 37 can be fully relieved, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 3.
  • an actuator 57 can now be inserted at the end through the guide cylinder 36 'into the working space 52 and adjust the adjusting piston 34' for the idle operating area against the force of the spring 38 after early according to the solution shown in dashed lines in Figure 4 .
  • This adjustment is withdrawn with increasing load, with an early adjustment being effected independently of this by the speed-dependent pressure acting in the working space 52.
  • the drive provided for the pins 39 and 39 'in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 3 can be used as the drive for the actuator.
  • the spray adjustment can also be carried out by a follower piston device (as is known from DE-OS 35 32 719).
  • a follower piston device as is known from DE-OS 35 32 719.
  • a control piston 61 is displaceable and includes with its inner end face a working chamber 62 which has a throttle 63, a radial recess 64, via which the Actuating arm 32 projects into the adjusting piston 34 for coupling and a connecting opening 65, through which the actuating arm engages through the wall of the pump housing in the roller ring 8, is connected to the pump suction chamber 22.
  • control piston is acted upon by a control spring 66, which is supported on the housing of the spray adjustment device 35 ′′.
  • Two annular grooves on the control piston define a central collar 67 which, depending on the position, has a pressure channel 68 which radially extends from the guide cylinder 60 and leads to the working space 52 'of the adjusting piston 34' either via the one annular groove with the pressure-relieved spring space or via the other annular groove and a check valve 69 connects with the recess 64 or with the suction chamber 22. Since the pressure in the working chamber 62 changes as a function of the speed, the control piston 61 is increasingly displaced counter to the control spring 66 with increasing speed. If such a shift occurs from the equilibrium position shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 An alternative embodiment is shown in Figure 6.
  • a control slide 61 ' is provided, which can be loaded by an additional force, which is applied by an electrical signal box, a servomotor or a stepper motor 71 from the side of the control spring 66.
  • this can ultimately also be rigidly coupled to an electrical actuating device, in which case the control spring 66 is omitted and the connection of the working space 62 to the suction space 22. The working space 62 is then relieved.
  • the control piston is actuated, the adjusting piston is then tracked in a known manner.
  • the fuel injection pump equipped with the above embodiments allows a large number of cylinders to be supplied with fuel per revolution of the pump piston.
  • this equipment allows the cam lift to be used in an optimal manner and thus also an injection to idle top dead center of the cam can be realized.
  • the injection can thus already take place at the beginning of the cam elevation and can be shifted into the steep area of the cam elevation curve.
  • FIG. 7 shows two cam elevation curves for full-load operation N VLu , the right curve and N VLo the very left curve.
  • the right curve means the cam position for a lower speed range, i.e.
  • the cam curve on the far left shows a cam position for a high speed range, i.e. an early start of fuel injection.
  • a cam position for the idling range is also shown, curve N L.
  • the start of injection SB u or SB o is at the beginning of the cam elevation curve and the end of injection SE u or SE o is in the middle region of the cam elevation, in the case of cam curve N L, the end of injection SE is analogous to FIG L in points OT and the start of spraying SB L in the upper part of the cam elevation.
  • the cam curve N L is shifted early in order to get the necessary early start of injection analogously to FIG.
  • the position of the cam elevation curve which is necessary for the injection, based on the drive angle of rotation ⁇ , is set by the control device 30 when the load is taken up and in accordance with the speed.
  • the actual start of spraying could also be reported back by known sensors.
  • a special known spray adjuster is used, as disclosed in DE-OS 30 10 312.
  • a carrier piston 73 is provided, which is displaceable in a cylinder 74 and thereby includes a spring chamber 75 on one side, in which a return spring 76 is supported between the carrier piston 73 and cylinder 74.
  • On the other end of the carrier piston it includes a working space 77, which is connected to a pressure source via a pressure line 78 and a valve 79 contained therein.
  • the work space is connected to a relief space via a relief line 80, in which a throttle 81 can optionally be arranged.
  • a control pressure is set in the working space 77, which, depending on the height, more or less adjusts the carrier piston 73 against the force of the return spring 76.
  • the adjusting piston 34 ′′′ is now arranged displaceably and, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, is loaded on one side by a restoring spring 38 'which is supported on the carrier piston and on the other side by a hydraulic control pressure which is supplied via a throttle 83 from the suction chamber 22 is inserted into the working space 84 enclosed on the end face between adjusting piston 34 ′′′ and carrier piston 73.
  • the adjusting piston 34 ' is thus shifted in a known manner depending on the speed against the force of the return spring 38', whereby it is adjusted relative to the carrier piston 73.
  • An early adjustment is thus effected in a known manner, which in turn is transmitted here to the roller ring via the actuating arm 32.
  • This early adjustment can now be overlaid with an adjustment of the carrier piston 73 itself. According to the above provision, this can be such that it takes place with increasing load in the late direction, starting from an initial early position.
  • This version has the advantage that the original adjustment characteristic of the speed-dependent adjustment is retained and also the entire working range of the adjusting piston 34 ′′′.
  • a modification to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8 represents the embodiment according to FIG. 9, the adjustment of the carrier piston 73 ′ taking place mechanically instead of hydraulically.
  • a cam 85 is provided on one end of the carrier piston facing away from the spring chamber 75, which cam adjusts when the carrier piston 73 is actuated.
  • the cam can then e.g. B. operated by an electric servomotor, controlled by the control device 30.
  • a feedback of the position of the carrier body 73 ', as in the above embodiment according to FIG. 8, can be made instead of or in addition to an immediate detection of the start of injection.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High-Pressure Fuel Injection Pump Control (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht von einem Verfahren nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs aus. Bei einem solchen, durch die DE-OS 33 10 872 bekannten Verfahren wird durch die Verstellung des Nockenantriebs die Kraftstofförderrate gesteuert verändert. Dabei handelt es sich um eine Radialkolbeneinspritzpumpe, bei der nun in Zusammenarbeit mit dem elektrisch gesteuerten Ventil bereits der Beginn der Nockenerhebungskurve einspritzwirksam ausgenutzt werden kann. Dabei wird von einer niedrigen Krafteinspritzrate entsprechend der relativ niedren Anfangssteigung der Nockenerhebungskurve auf eine hohe Kraftstoffeinspritzrate entsprechend dem mittleren Bereich der Nockenerhebungskurve umgeschaltet. Dies geschieht, um den Einspritzbeginn und auch die Einspritzrate an den Bedarf der Brennkraftmaschine anzupassen, und insbesondere während des Betriebes der Brennkraftmaschine zu ändern.The invention is based on a method according to the type of the main claim. In such a method, known from DE-OS 33 10 872, the fuel delivery rate is changed in a controlled manner by adjusting the cam drive. This is a radial piston injection pump, in which the start of the cam elevation curve can now be used in an injection-effective manner in cooperation with the electrically controlled valve. It is switched from a low force injection rate corresponding to the relatively low initial slope of the cam elevation curve to a high fuel injection rate corresponding to the central area of the cam elevation curve. This is done in order to adapt the start of injection and also the injection rate to the requirements of the internal combustion engine, and in particular to change it during operation of the internal combustion engine.

Ein besonderes Problem bei Dieselbrennkraftmaschinen ist die geräuscharme Verbrennung der geringen Kraftstoffeinspritzmengen, die für den Betrieb bei niedriger Last bzw. beim Leerlauf eingespritzt werden. Es gibt eine große Menge an Vorschlägen, die zu diesem Zweck eine Verlängerung der Spritzdauer anstreben, was zugleich mit einer Minderung der Einspritzrate verbunden ist. Zur Verminderung des Geräusches soll im Zeitpunkt der Zündung möglichst wenig Kraftstoff schlagartig zur Entflammung kommen. Wird nur mit einer geringen Kraftstoffeinspritzrate in diesen speziellen Betriebsbereichen eingespritzt, so wird nur eine Teilmenge schlagartig entflammt, der Rest des noch einzuspritzenden Kraftstoffs wird kontinuierlich danach zugeführt. Solche Maßnahmen zur Verlängerung der Einspritzdauer können entweder über Einspritzventilkonstruktionen oder Pumpenkonstruktionen durchgeführt werden. Diese Maßnahmen sind regelmäßig mit einem hohen Konstruktionsaufwand verbunden, insbesondere dann, wenn die Kraftstoffeinspritzrate durch Abströmen von Kraftstoffteilmengen im Bypass zur unter Hochdruck geförderten Kraftstoffmenge erfolgen soll.A particular problem with diesel internal combustion engines is the low-noise combustion of the small fuel injection quantities that are injected for operation at low load or when idling. There are a large number of proposals that aim to increase the injection duration for this purpose, which is at the same time associated with a reduction in the injection rate. To reduce the noise, as little fuel as possible should suddenly ignite at the time of ignition. If only a low fuel injection rate is injected in these special operating areas, only a partial quantity is ignited suddenly, the rest of the fuel still to be injected is then continuously supplied. Such measures to extend the injection duration can be carried out either via injection valve designs or pump designs. These measures are regularly associated with a high level of design effort, in particular when the fuel injection rate is to be achieved by flowing off partial fuel quantities in the bypass to the fuel quantity delivered under high pressure.

Es ist ferner durch die US-PS 4 598 683 eine Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe bekannt, bei der ein durch einen Nockenantrieb hin- und hergehend und zugleich rotierend bewegter Pump- und Verteilerkolben vorgesehen ist, der in einem Zylinder einen Pumpenarbeitsraum einschließt, in den er während seines Saughubes Kraftstoff von einer Kraftstoffniederdruckquelle ansaugt. Im Pumpenkolben verläuft ein Längskanal, durch den der Pumpenarbeitsraum mit der Niederdruckquelle verbindbar ist, gesteuert durch einen auf dem Pumpenkolben verschiebbaren Ringschieber, der von einem Drehzahlregler verstellbar ist und somit den wirksamen Förderhub des Pumpenkolbens bestimmt. Dabei ist der Längskanal bei Förderhubbeginn des Pumpenkolbens geschlossen und wird je nach Stellung des Ringschiebers früher oder später im Laufe seines Förderhubes aufgesteuert, so daß der restliche, aus dem Pumpenarbeitsraum verdrängte Kraftstoff abströmen und sich ab diesem Punkt kein Einspritzdruck mehr aufbauen kann. Zusätzlich zweigt vom Pumpenarbeitsraum ein Kanal ab zu einem Entnahmevolumen, das durch die Ausweichbewegung eines Kolbens gesteuert wird. Diese Ausweichbewegung wird wiederum durch ein Magnetventil gesteuert, das in einer Verbindungsleitung des auf der dem Ausweichvolumen abgewandten Seite des Kolbens eingeschlossenen Druckraumes zur Kraftstoffniederdruckquelle angeordnet ist. Solange das Magnetventil geschlossen ist, verharrt der Kolben in seiner Ausgangsstellung, ohne daß er während des Saughubes des Pumpenkolbens Kraftstoff in das Ausweichvolumen aufnehmen kann. Öffnet das Magnetventil, so folgt eine gezielte, durch die Öffnung des Magnetventils bestimmte Verlagerung von Kraftstoff, der dann beim Vorderhub des Pumpenkolbens verdrängt wird, bevor es zu einer einspritzwirksamen Hochdruckbildung kommt. Somit verändert sich der Spritzbeginn.It is also known from US Pat. No. 4,598,683, a fuel injection pump, in which a pump and distributor piston, which is reciprocally moved and rotated at the same time, is provided, which includes a pump working space in a cylinder, into which it moves during its suction stroke Sucks fuel from a low pressure fuel source. A longitudinal channel runs through the pump piston, through which the pump working chamber can be connected to the low-pressure source, controlled by a ring slide that is displaceable on the pump piston and that is adjustable by a speed controller and thus determines the effective delivery stroke of the pump piston. The longitudinal channel is closed at the beginning of the delivery stroke of the pump piston and, depending on the position of the ring slide, is opened sooner or later in the course of its delivery stroke, so that the remaining fuel that is displaced from the pump working space flows out and from this point on, injection pressure can no longer build up. In addition, a channel branches off from the pump workspace to a withdrawal volume, which is controlled by the evasive movement of a piston. This evasive movement is in turn controlled by a solenoid valve, which is arranged in a connecting line of the pressure chamber enclosed on the side of the piston facing away from the evasive volume to the low-pressure fuel source. As long as the solenoid valve is closed, the piston remains in its initial position without being able to absorb fuel into the evasive volume during the suction stroke of the pump piston. When the solenoid valve opens, there is a deliberate displacement of fuel determined by the opening of the solenoid valve, which is then displaced during the front stroke of the pump piston before an injection-effective high pressure build-up occurs. The start of spraying thus changes.

Der Spritzbeginn der Hochdruckeinspritzung bei dieser Dieselpumpe wird ferner durch einen Spritzverstellkolben gesteuert, der in den Antrieb des Pumpenkolbens eingreift und den Förderhubbeginn des Pumpenkolbens bestimmt. Dabei wird dem Verstellkolben, der gegen die Kraft einer Rückstellfeder verschiebbar ist, auf seiner der Rückstellfeder abgewandten Stirnseite Kraftstoffdruck zugeführt, der in Abhängigkeit von Betriebsparametern, insbesondere der Drehzahl und auch von der Stellung des Gaspedals der Brennkraftmaschine über ein Magnetventil gesteuert wird. Zur Kontrolle der eingesteuerten Stellung ist ferner eine Rückmeldung vorgesehen. Mit dieser bekannten Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe wird bei einer mechanisch gesteuerten Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe die Förderrate durch das gesteuerte Entnahme Volumen variiert und der Spritzbeginn in Abhängigkeit von einer Reihe relevanter Betriebsparametern exakt eingestellt. Dabei erfolgt jeder Förderhub mit Beginn einer dem Pumpenkolben antreibenden Nockenerhebungskurve und endet bei jeder Last grundsätzlich in einem Bereich der Nockenerhebungskurve, die vor dem oberen Totpunkt desselben liegt. Durch die Steuerung des Entnahmevolumens wird bei dieser Pumpe wie bereits oben dargestellt, als auch bei anderen Ausführungen angestrebt, eine Verlängerung der Spritzdauer durch Minderung der Einspritzrate erzielt. Der Aufwand dafür ist jedoch erheblich.The start of the high-pressure injection in this diesel pump is also controlled by an injection adjusting piston which engages in the drive of the pump piston and determines the start of the delivery stroke of the pump piston. The adjusting piston, which is displaceable against the force of a return spring, is supplied with fuel pressure on its end face facing away from the return spring, which pressure is controlled via a solenoid valve depending on operating parameters, in particular the speed and also on the position of the accelerator pedal of the internal combustion engine. A feedback is also provided to check the entered position. With this known fuel injection pump, the delivery rate in a mechanically controlled fuel injection pump is varied by the controlled removal volume and the start of injection is set precisely depending on a number of relevant operating parameters. In this case, each delivery stroke takes place at the beginning of a cam elevation curve driving the pump piston and basically ends at every load in a region of the cam elevation curve that lies before the top dead center thereof. By controlling the extraction volume, this pump, as already shown above, is used for others as well The aim was to extend the spraying time by reducing the injection rate. However, the effort involved is considerable.

Eine andere Lösung zur Erzielung unterschiedlicher Einspritzraten ist durch die DE-A1 35 24 387 bekannt. Dort werden unterschiedliche Nockenbereiche zur Variation der Einspritzrate angesteuert. Es handelt sich dabei ebenfalls um eine sogenannte Verteilerkraftstoffeinspritzpumpe der prinzipiellen Bauart wie beim vorstehend diskutierten Stand der Technik erwähnt. Mit einem durch einen Nockenantrieb drehend und hin und her angetriebenen Pump- und Verteilerkolben, in dem ein Entlastungskanal von seinem Pumpenarbeitsraum zu einem Niederdruckkraftstoffraum verläuft, der durch einen auf dem Pumpenkolben verschiebbaren Ringschieber gesteuert wird. Im vorliegenden wird der Ringschieber durch einen Stellmotor in Abhängigkeit von Betriebsparamtern auf dem Pumpenkolben längsverschoben und es ist zusätzlich eine Verdreheinrichtung des Ringschiebers vorgesehen. Der Ringschieber steuert mit seiner pumpenarbeitsraumseitigen Steuerkante eine erste Austrittsöffnung des Entlastungskanals an der Mantelfläche des Pumpenkolbens derart, daß ab einem bestimmten Pumpenkolbenhub sich im Pumpenarbeitsraum kein Hochdruck für eine Hochdruckeinspritzung mehr aufbauen kann und somit das Einspritzende bestimmt ist. In einer ersten Drehstellung des Ringsschiebers ist dabei der Entlastungskanal bei Pumpenkolbenförderhubbeginn verschlossen und wird zum Ende des gesteuerten Förderhubes aufgesteuert, so daß sich der Spritzbeginn von der Einstellung des Hubbeginns des Pumpenkolbens bestimmt. Die Einstellung erfolgt dabei mit einer bekannten Spritzbeginnverstelleinrichtung, die den Nockenantrieb des Pumpenkolbens verstellt. Wird jedoch der verdrehbare Ringschieber in eine zweite Stellung gebracht, so ist mit Pumpenkolbenhubbeginn eine zweite Austrittsöffnung des Entlastungskanals zunächst über eine Nutenanordnung im Ringschieber mit dem Niederdruckraum verbunden. Ab einem durch die Länge der Nuten bzw. der Stellung des Ringschiebers bestimmten Stellung wird während des folgenden Hubes des Pumpenkolbens der Entlastungskanal verschlossen, so daß zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt als im vorgeschriebenen Falle der Aufbau eines einspritzwirksamen Förderdruckes im Pumpenarbeitsraum beginnt. Das Ende der Hochdruckeinspritzung wird wiederum durch die obere Steuerkante und des Aufsteuerns der ersten Austrittsöffnung des Entlastungskanals bestimmt. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung wird der wirksame Förderhub des Pumpenkolbens in einem gewissen Anfangsbereich der Nockenerhebungskurve des Nockenantriebs verstellt. Das Förderende erfolgt dabei in üblicher Weise immer vor Ende der Nockenerhebungskurve. Dabei steht bei der Ringschiebereinstellung für den späteren Spritzbeginn grundsätzlich aus konstruktiven Gründen eine geringere Einspritzmenge zur Verfügung.Another solution for achieving different injection rates is known from DE-A1 35 24 387. Different cam areas are controlled there to vary the injection rate. It is also a so-called distributor fuel injection pump of the basic type as mentioned in the prior art discussed above. With a pump and distributor piston driven by a cam drive and reciprocating, in which a relief duct runs from its pump work chamber to a low-pressure fuel chamber, which is controlled by a ring slide that is displaceable on the pump piston. In the present case, the ring slide is longitudinally displaced on the pump piston by a servomotor depending on operating parameters, and a rotating device for the ring slide is additionally provided. With its control edge on the pump work chamber, the ring slide controls a first outlet opening of the relief channel on the lateral surface of the pump piston such that, after a certain pump piston stroke, no high pressure can build up in the pump work chamber for high pressure injection and the end of injection is thus determined. In a first rotary position of the ring slide, the relief channel is closed at the start of the pump piston delivery stroke and is opened at the end of the controlled delivery stroke, so that the start of spraying is determined by the setting of the start of the pump piston stroke. The setting is made using a known injection start adjustment device which adjusts the cam drive of the pump piston. However, if the rotatable ring slide is brought into a second position, a second outlet opening of the relief channel is initially connected to the low-pressure chamber via a groove arrangement in the ring slide when the pump piston stroke begins. From a position determined by the length of the grooves or the position of the ring slide is closed during the following stroke of the pump piston, so that the build-up of an injection-effective delivery pressure in the pump work space begins at a later time than in the prescribed case. The end of the high-pressure injection is in turn determined by the upper control edge and the opening of the first outlet opening of the relief channel. In this embodiment, the effective delivery stroke of the pump piston is adjusted in a certain initial area of the cam elevation curve of the cam drive. The end of delivery always takes place in the usual way before the end of the cam elevation curve. In principle, a smaller injection quantity is available for the design of the ring slide valve for the later start of spraying for design reasons.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs weitergebildete Verfahren hat gegenüber dem eingangs genannten Stand der Technik den Vorteil, daß durch die spezielle Wahl des bis zum oberen Totpunkt gehenden Teils der Nockenerhebungskurve für den Pumpenkolbenantrieb bei niedriger Last und dem dort vorliegenden flachen Kurvenverlauf auf einfache Weise eine zum Zwecke der Geräuschminderung im Leerlauf der Brennkraftmaschine gewünschte niedrige Kraftstoffeinspritzrate erzielt werden kann. Durch die damit mittels Ansteuern des elektrischen Ventils zunächst resultierende Spätverlegung des Einspritzbeginns wird durch eine kompensierende Frühverstellung des Spritzbeginns über die Verstellung des Nockenantriebs kompensiert. Mit zunehmender Last aus dem Niedrigstlastbereich hinaus erfolgt dann am Nockenantrieb eine Spätverstellung, die der üblichen drehzahlabhängigen Frühverstellung des Spritzbeginns überlagert ist. Damit können für den speziellen Betrieb im Leerlaufbereich bzw. bei niedriger Last alle Anforderungen der Brennkraftmaschine erfüllt werden. Für den Normalbetrieb wird die sonst in üblicher Weise ausgestaltete Pumpe in bekannter Weise betrieben. Dabei kann der Spritzbeginn bei auf Normalbetrieb zurückgestellter Spritzverstellvorrichtung entweder durch die Spritzverstellvorrichtung gesteuert werden oder durch die Ansteuerung des elektrisch gesteuerten Ventils.The method according to the invention, developed with the characterizing features of the main claim, has the advantage over the prior art mentioned at the outset that, due to the special choice of the part of the cam elevation curve going to the top dead center for the pump piston drive at low load and the flat curve profile present there, in a simple manner a desired low fuel injection rate can be achieved for the purpose of reducing noise when the engine is idling. As a result of the late relocation of the start of injection, which is initially the result of actuation of the electric valve, compensation is made by a compensating early adjustment of the start of injection via the adjustment of the cam drive. With increasing load beyond the lowest load range, the cam drive is then retarded, which is superimposed on the usual speed-dependent early adjustment of the start of injection. This means that all requirements of the internal combustion engine can be met for special operation in the idling range or at low load. For normal operation, the otherwise customary pump is operated in a known manner. In this case, the start of spraying can be controlled either by the spray adjusting device or by controlling the electrically controlled valve when the spray adjusting device is reset to normal operation.

Die vorteilhafte Weiterbildung gemäß Anspruch 2 wird durch die Grundeinstellung im zweiten Betriebsbereich in einfacher Weise eine Voreinstellung erreicht, wobei der Steuerungsaufwand sehr gering gehalten wird.The advantageous further development according to claim 2 is achieved in a simple manner by the basic setting in the second operating range, the control effort being kept very low.

Eine vorteilhafte Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe zur Durchführung des eingangs genannten erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird in Anspruch 3 angegeben, wobei in vorteilhafter Weise eine übliche Spritzverstelleinrichtung, wie sie bei mechanisch gesteuerten Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpen in großen Stückzahlen verwirklicht wird, verwendet werden kann. Auf diese Weise läßt sich günstig im Baukastensystem die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe verwirklichen. Dabei wird der übliche Spritzversteller in einfacher Weise modifiziert, ohne dessen in Abhängigkeit von der Drehzahl vorzunehmende Frühverstellung zu behindern. Gemäß Anspruch 5 kann in universeller Weise Einfluß auf die Spritzverstellsteuerung genommen werden und zudem außer den Parametern Drehzahl, Last und Leerlaufbetrieb noch andere Parameter berücksichtigt werden. Dies sind zum Beispiel die Bedingungen beim Kaltstart. Die Ausgestaltungen gemäß den Ansprüchen 6 bis 7 bieten exakte Einstellmöglichkeiten unter Verwendung von an sich bekannten Spritzverstellvorrichtungen. Die weiterhin vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung gemäß den Ansprüchen 8 und 9 bietet die Möglichkeit, die drehzahlabhängige Spritzbeginnverstellcharakteristik der Spritzverstellvorrichtung unbeeinflußt zu lassen, indem für den Betrieb im Leerlaufbereich lediglich die gesamte Spritzbeginnverstellvorrichtung verschoben wird.An advantageous fuel injection pump for carrying out the method according to the invention mentioned at the outset is specified in claim 3, it being possible in an advantageous manner to use a conventional spray adjustment device such as is implemented in large quantities in mechanically controlled fuel injection pumps. In this way, the fuel injection pump according to the invention can be implemented cheaply in a modular system. The usual spray adjuster is modified in a simple manner without hindering its early adjustment depending on the speed. According to claim 5, the spray adjustment control can be influenced in a universal manner and, in addition to the parameters speed, load and idling operation, other parameters can also be taken into account. These are, for example, the cold start conditions. The configurations according to claims 6 to 7 offer exact setting options using injection adjustment devices known per se. The still beneficial Embodiment according to claims 8 and 9 offers the possibility of leaving the speed-dependent injection start adjustment characteristic of the injection adjustment device unaffected by merely shifting the entire injection start adjustment device for operation in the idling range.

Zeichnungdrawing

Sieben Ausführungsbeispiele des Gegenstands der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und werden im nachfolgenden naher beschrieben. Es zeigen Figur 1 eine Verteilerkraftstoffeinspritzpumpe zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel mit mit dem Gaspedal der Brennkraftmaschine gekoppelter Spritzverstellung, Figur 2 ein Diagramm über die Steuerzeiten zum ersten Ausführungsbeispiel, Figur 3 eine erste Variante zum ersten Ausführungsbeispiel, Figur 4 eine zweite Variante der Spritzverstellung zum ersten Ausführungsbeispiel, Figur 5 ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel mit einem mit einem Steuerkolben oder Servokolben versehenen Spritzversteller mit durch ein Magnetventil beeinflußtem Steuerdruck, Figur 6 eine Variante zur Ausführung nach Figur 5 mit durch einen Stellmotor oder Schrittmotor betätigten Steuerschieber, Figur 7 ein Diagramm über die Funktionsweise der Ausführungsbeispiele nach Figur 5 oder 6, Figur 8 ein sechstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit einem in einem Trägerkolben gelagerten Spritzverstellkolben der Spritzverstelleinrichtung, wobei der Trägerkolben durch einen gesteuerten Steuerdruck verstellbar ist und Figur 9 eine Variante zum Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 8, bei der der Trägerkolben durch ein Stellglied mechanisch verstellt wird.Seven exemplary embodiments of the object of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawing and are described in more detail below. 1 shows a distributor fuel injection pump for performing the method according to the invention in a first exemplary embodiment with the spray adjustment coupled to the accelerator pedal of the internal combustion engine, FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the control times for the first exemplary embodiment, FIG. 3 shows a first variant for the first exemplary embodiment, and FIG. 4 shows a second variant of the Spray adjustment for the first embodiment, FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment with a spray adjuster provided with a control piston or servo piston with control pressure influenced by a solenoid valve, FIG. 6 shows a variant of the embodiment according to FIG. 5 with a control slide actuated by a servomotor or stepper motor, FIG. 7 shows a diagram of the Operation of the exemplary embodiments according to FIG. 5 or 6, FIG. 8 a sixth exemplary embodiment of the invention with an injection adjusting piston of the injection adjusting device, which is mounted in a carrier piston, the tra piston is adjustable by a controlled control pressure and Figure 9 shows a variant of the embodiment of Figure 8, in which the carrier piston is mechanically adjusted by an actuator.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

In einem Gehäuse 1 einer Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe ist in einem Pumpenzylinder 2 ein Pumpenkolben 3 gelagert, der im Pumpenzylinder 2 stirnseitig einen Pumpenarbeitsraum 4 einschließt. Der Pumpenkolben wird durch einen Nockenantrieb 6, bestehend aus einer Nockenscheibe 7, die auf einem drehbaren Rollenring 8 mit Rollen 9 abläuft, in eine hin- und hergehende und zugleich drehende Bewegung versetzt. Zur Übertragung der Drehbewegung ist die Nockenscheibe 7 mit einer durch das Gehäuse geführten Antriebswelle 11 gekoppelt und andererseits über einen Stift 12 mit dem Pumpenkoben gekoppelt, der durch zwei Federn 13 an der Nockenscheibe 7 und diese auf den Rollen 9 gehalten wird. Bei der Drehbewegung des Pumpenkolbens dient dieser zugleich als Verteiler, indem er den von ihm aus den Arbeitsraum 4 verdrängten Kraftstoff über eine Längsbohrung 14, an die sich radial eine sich zur Mantelfläche des Pumpenkolbens öffnende Verteileröffnung 15 anschließt zu einer von mehreren Kraftstoffeinspritzleitungen 17 leitet. Diese Leitungen führen in einer radialen Ebene vom Pumpenzylinder ab und sind entsprechend der Zahl der Pumpenhübe des Pumpenkolbens pro Umdrehung bzw. Zahl der zu versorgenden Kraftstoffeinspritzstellen um den Pumpenzylinder herum verteilt angeordnet. Die Einspritzleitungen führen zu nicht weiter dargestellten Einspritzdüsen an der Brennkraftmaschine.In a housing 1 of a fuel injection pump, a pump piston 3 is mounted in a pump cylinder 2, which includes a pump work chamber 4 on the end side in the pump cylinder 2. The pump piston is caused by a cam drive 6, consisting of a cam 7, which runs on a rotatable roller ring 8 with rollers 9, in a reciprocating and at the same time rotating movement. To transmit the rotary movement, the cam disk 7 is coupled to a drive shaft 11 guided through the housing and, on the other hand, is coupled to the pump piston via a pin 12, which is held on the cam disk 7 by two springs 13 and on the rollers 9. When the pump piston rotates, it also serves as a distributor in that it directs the fuel displaced from it from the working space 4 via a longitudinal bore 14, to which a distributor opening 15, which opens radially to the outer surface of the pump piston, leads to one of several fuel injection lines 17. These lines lead away from the pump cylinder in a radial plane and are distributed around the pump cylinder in accordance with the number of pump strokes of the pump piston per revolution or the number of fuel injection points to be supplied. The injection lines lead to injection nozzles (not shown further) on the internal combustion engine.

Während des Saughubs des Pumpenkolbens wird der Pumpenarbeitsraum über Füllnuten 18 gefüllt, die als Längsnuten ausgehend von der pumpenarbeitsraumseitigen Stirnseite des Pumpenkolbens an diesem angeordnet sind und während des Saughubs im Wechsel mit einer in den Pumpenzylinder mündenden Füllöffnung 19 in Verbindung kommen. Die Füllöffnung 19 ist über einen Saugkanal 21 mit dem Innern des Pumpengehäuses verbunden, wo ein kraftstoffgefüllter Saugraum 22 vorgesehen ist. Dieser wird von einer Kraftstofförderpumpe 23 aus einem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 24 mit Kraftstoff versorgt und mit Hilfe eines Druckventils 25, das den Abfluß aus dem Saugraum zum Kraftstoffvorratsraum bzw. zur Saugseite der Förderpumpe 30 steuert, unter einem gesteuerten Druck gehalten.During the suction stroke of the pump piston, the pump working space is filled via filling grooves 18, which are arranged as longitudinal grooves on the pump working space end face of the pump piston and which alternately come into connection with a filling opening 19 opening into the pump cylinder during the suction stroke. The filling opening 19 is connected via a suction channel 21 to the inside of the pump housing, where a fuel-filled suction chamber 22 is provided. This is supplied with fuel from a fuel feed pump 23 from a fuel reservoir 24 and is kept under a controlled pressure by means of a pressure valve 25 which controls the outflow from the suction chamber to the fuel reservoir or to the suction side of the feed pump 30.

Mit dem Pumpenarbeitsraum 4 ist ferner ein Entlastungskanal 27 verbunden, der ebenfalls zum Saugraum 22 führt, aber ein elektrisch gesteuertes Ventil 29 enthält, das von einer Steuereinrichtung 30 gesteuert wird. Die Steuerung erfolgt so, daß mittels eines Ventilschließgliedes 31 des elektrisch gesteuerten Ventils 29 der Entlastungskanal 27 dann verschlossen wird, wenn auf Hochdruck gebrachter Kraftstoff zur Einspritzung gelangen soll. Auf diese Weise kann mit dem Schließen des elektrisch gesteuerten Ventils der Beginn der Kraftstoffeinspritzung während des Pumpenkolbenförderhubes festgelegt werden und mit dem Öffnen des Ventils das Ende der Kraftstoffeinspritzung und damit auch die Menge des einzuspritzenden Kraftstoffs festgelegt werden. Durch Variation der Steuerzeiten des Magnetventils wird somit in an sich bekannter Weise die Spritzphase betimmt, wobei diese im weiten Rahmen variiert werden kann, soweit der zum Antrieb des Pumpenkolbens vorgesehen Nocken diese Variation durch eine entsprechende Hubhöhe ermöglicht. Bei Verteilerkraftstoffeinspritzpumpen dieser Art, die zur Versorgung von wenigen Einspritzstellen vorgesehen ist, wie zum Beispiel eine Dreizylinder- oder Vierzylinderverteilereinspritzpumpe, steht eine relativ lange Nockenflanke der auf der Nockenscheibe 7 vorgesehenen Nocken zur Verfügung. Steigt jedoch die zahl der pro Umdrehung zu versorgenden Einspritzstellen, so reduziert sich die zur Verfügung stehende Nockenhöhe, da die Nockenflanken aus Festigkeitsgründen und aus Gründen des dynamischen Verhaltens nicht beliebig steil gestaltet werden können. In dem Maße verringern sich auch die Möglichkeiten, mit der Steuerung durch das elektrisch gesteuerte Ventil 29 allein die beim dynamischen Verhalten der Brennkraftmaschine notwendige Spritzbeginnverstellung auf Früh durchzuführen.A relief duct 27 is also connected to the pump work chamber 4, which also leads to the suction chamber 22, but contains an electrically controlled valve 29 which is controlled by a control device 30. The control takes place in such a way that the relief channel 27 is closed by means of a valve closing member 31 of the electrically controlled valve 29 when fuel brought to high pressure is to be injected. In this way, when the electrically controlled valve closes, the start of fuel injection during the pump piston delivery stroke can be determined and, when the valve opens, the end of fuel injection and thus also the amount of fuel to be injected can be determined. By varying the control times of the solenoid valve, the injection phase is determined in a manner known per se, and this can be varied within a wide range, provided that the cam provided for driving the pump piston enables this variation by means of a corresponding lifting height. In distributor fuel injection pumps of this type, which are provided to supply a few injection points, such as a three-cylinder or four-cylinder distributor injection pump, a relatively long cam flank of the cams provided on the cam disk 7 is available. However, if the number of injection points to be supplied per revolution increases, the available cam height is reduced since the cam flanks cannot be designed to be as steep as desired for reasons of strength and for reasons of dynamic behavior. To an extent, the possibilities to carry out the injection start adjustment necessary for the dynamic behavior of the internal combustion engine to early with the control by the electrically controlled valve 29 are also reduced.

Außer vorerwähnten Möglichkeit, auf den Spritzbeginn Einfluß zu nehmen, ist beim vorgesehenen Ausführungsbeispiel auch noch eine zweite Möglichkeit für diesen Zweck vorhanden. Dazu greift in den Rollenring 8 radial ein Betätigungsarm 32 ein, der am anderen Ende mit einem Verstellkolben 34 einer Spritzverstelleinrichtung 35 gekoppelt ist. Der Verstellkolben ist in einem Führungszylinder 36 gelagert und schließt dort mit seiner einen Stirnseite einen Federraum 37 ein, in den eine sich zwischen Verstellkolben und Führungszylinder abstützender Rückstellfeder 38 angeordnet ist. Dieser Raum ist druckentlastet. Auf der anderen Seite des Verstellkolbens geht von der Stirnseite ein Zapfen 39 aus, der in Achsrichtung durch die Stirnwand des Führungszylinders 36 nach außen führt, dort eine Anschlagplatte 40 aufweist, auf die ein Nocken 42 zur Anlage kommt. Dieser ist um eine Achse 43 durch einen Hebel 44 schwenkbar, der über eine Kupplungseinrichtung 45 mit einem Gaspedal 46 gekoppelt ist, mit dem ein Fahrer des Fahrzeugs, das mit der von der Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe versorgten Brennkraftmaschine angetrieben wird, den Drehmomentwunsch bzw. die erreichbare Drehzahl oder Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit eingibt. Mit dem Hebel 44 ist ferner ein Weggeber 48 gekoppelt, dessen Ausgangssignal der Steuereinrichtung 30 zugeführt wird und der vorteilhaft als mit dem Gaspedal gekoppelter Potentiometer ausgeführt ist.In addition to the aforementioned possibility of influencing the start of spraying, there is also a second possibility for this purpose in the exemplary embodiment provided. This intervenes in the Roller ring 8 an actuating arm 32 radially, which is coupled at the other end to an adjusting piston 34 of an injection adjusting device 35. The adjusting piston is mounted in a guide cylinder 36 and includes with its one end face a spring chamber 37, in which a return spring 38 is arranged, which is supported between the adjusting piston and the guide cylinder. This room is relieved of pressure. On the other side of the adjusting piston, a pin 39 extends from the front side, which leads in the axial direction through the front wall of the guide cylinder 36 to the outside, there has a stop plate 40, on which a cam 42 comes to rest. This is pivotable about an axis 43 by a lever 44, which is coupled via a coupling device 45 to an accelerator pedal 46, with which a driver of the vehicle, which is driven by the internal combustion engine supplied by the fuel injection pump, the torque request or the achievable speed or Enter vehicle speed. A lever 48 is also coupled to the lever 44, the output signal of which is fed to the control device 30 and which is advantageously designed as a potentiometer coupled to the accelerator pedal.

Mit der Spritzverstelleinrichtung kann die Drehstellung des Rollenrings 8 verändert werden und somit der Drehwinkel der Antriebswelle 11 bzw. der Nockenscheibe 7 oder des Pumpenkolbens 3, bei dem ein Nocken der Nockenscheibe 7 auf eine der Rollen aufzulaufen beginnt. Zur gleichmäßigen Auslastung sind mehrere Rollen 9 vorgesehen, die mit einer entsprechenden Anzahl von Nocken zusammenarbeiten. Die Verstellung des Rollenrings erfolgt dabei in Abhängigkeit von der Last entsprechend der Betätigung des Gaspedales 46. Dabei ist die Einrichtung so ausgelegt, daß der Beginn des Förderhubs des Pumpenkolbens in Leeraufstellung des Gaspedals bei einem frühen Drehwinkel erfolgt und mit zunehmender Last auf einen späteren Drehwinkel verstellt wird. Dieser Zusammenhang ist dem Diagramm in Figur 2 entnehmbar. Dort sind über den Drehwinkel α zwei Nockenerhebungskurven aufgezeichnet, wobei die eine, die linke, einen Betriebszustand der Brennkraftmaschine bzw. Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe kennzeichnet, in dem eine geringe Kraftstoffeinspritzmenge zur Einspritzung kommt. Dies entspricht dem Leerlaufbetrieb. Diese Verstellung ermöglicht einem frühstmöglichen Spritzbeginn. Die steuereinrichtung 30 steuert nun das elektrisch gesteuerte Ventil 29 erfindungsgemäß derart an, daß der Pumpenkolben den zu fördernden Kraftstoff bis hin zu seinem obersten Totpunkt fördert. Dementsprechend schließt das Ventil 29 bei OT oder kurz danach. Die bei diesem Betriebsbereich zur Einspritzung kommende Kraftstoffmenge wird nun so eingesteuert, daß sie dem oberen Totpunkt vorgelagert wird. Bei einem dafür notwendigen Förderhub hl muß das elektrisch gesteuerte Ventil zu einem Punkt SB1 geschlossen werden. Für die Einspritzung dieser Leerlaufmenge entsprechend hl benötigt die Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe einen Drehwinkel von α1, also von SB₁ bis OT. Würde die gleiche Menge über einen tieferliegenden Nockenhub zur Einspritzung kommen, so wäre, wie sich leicht aus dem Diagramm ablesen läßt, ein wesentlich kleinerer Drehwinkel α1, notwendig. Der Vorteil der hier gewählten Austeuerung im Leerlaufbetrieb besteht darin, daß die zur Einspritzung kommende Kraftstoffeinspritzmengen über einen großen Drehwinkel zur Einspritzung gelangt, was letztendlich dann mit einer sehr geringen Kraftstoffeinspritzrate erfolgt.With the spray adjustment device, the rotational position of the roller ring 8 can be changed and thus the angle of rotation of the drive shaft 11 or the cam disk 7 or the pump piston 3, at which a cam of the cam disk 7 begins to run onto one of the rollers. For uniform utilization, several rollers 9 are provided which work together with a corresponding number of cams. The roller ring is adjusted as a function of the load in accordance with the actuation of the accelerator pedal 46. The device is designed such that the start of the delivery stroke of the pump piston occurs when the accelerator pedal is empty at an early angle of rotation and is adjusted to a later angle of rotation with increasing load becomes. This relationship can be seen from the diagram in FIG. 2. There are two cam elevation curves over the angle of rotation α recorded, the one, the left, identifies an operating state of the internal combustion engine or fuel injection pump in which a small fuel injection quantity is injected. This corresponds to idle operation. This adjustment enables the earliest possible start of spraying. The control device 30 now controls the electrically controlled valve 29 according to the invention in such a way that the pump piston delivers the fuel to be delivered up to its top dead center. Accordingly, valve 29 closes at TDC or shortly thereafter. The amount of fuel to be injected in this operating range is now controlled so that it is upstream of top dead center. If a delivery stroke hl is required for this, the electrically controlled valve must be closed at a point SB1. For the injection of this idle amount corresponding to hl, the fuel injection pump requires an angle of rotation of α1, that is from SB₁ to OT. If the same amount were to be injected via a lower-lying cam stroke, a much smaller angle of rotation α1 would be necessary, as can easily be seen from the diagram. The advantage of the modulation selected here in idle mode is that the fuel injection quantities coming in for injection reach the injection over a large angle of rotation, which ultimately takes place at a very low fuel injection rate.

Soll die Brennkraftmaschine gestartet werden, ohne daß das Gaspedal betätigt wird, so muß die Leerlaufmenge um die Startübermenge QST bzw. dem Hub hst vergrößert werden. In diesem Fall schließt das elektrisch gesteuerte Ventil 29 zu einem noch früheren Zeitpunkt ST. Diese zusätzliche Frühverlegung ist ganz im Sinne der Anforderungen, da bei noch kalter Brennkraftmaschine mit einem höheren Zündverzug gerechnet werden muß. Regelmäßig werden zum Start bei kalter Brennkraftmaschine Frühverstellungen vorgenommen, damit der eingebrachte Kraftstoff zeitgerecht vor OT zur Entflammung kommt.If the internal combustion engine is to be started without the accelerator pedal being actuated, the idling quantity must be increased by the starting excess quantity QST or the stroke hst. In this case, the electrically controlled valve 29 closes at an even earlier time ST. This additional early installation is entirely in line with the requirements, since a higher ignition delay must be expected when the internal combustion engine is still cold. Early adjustments are regularly made at the start of a cold internal combustion engine, so that the fuel that is brought in ignites in good time before TDC.

Ausgehend von der Leerlaufsituation muß bei Lastaufnahme zusätzlich Kraftstoff zur Einspritzung kommen. Hier wäre eine Frühverstellung, die sich bei einer unveränderten, linken Nockenerhebungskurve ergäbe, unverwünscht. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Spritzbeginnverstellung mit zunehmender Last beim Gasgeben nach Spät, verschiebt sich die linke Kurve nach rechts. In dem Diagramm ist die Vollastposition der Nockenerhebungskurve als rechte Kurve eingetragen. In dem Maße, wie die Nockenerhebungskurve auf Spät verstellt wird, kann die Lage der Einspritzphase nockenabwärts verlegt werden, in den steileren Bereich des Nockens. Bei der rechten Kurve NVL ist als Beispiel der Vollasthub hVL eingetragen, wobei das Spritzende SE₂ vor dem oberen Totpunkt OT liegt. Der Spritzbeginn SB₂ liegt im mittleren Bereich der Nockenflanke und relativ spät. Dies entspricht der Lage der Einspritzung bei Vollast und niedriger Drehzahl. Wird die Drehzahl erhöht, so kann der Spritzbeginn bis zum Fuß der Nockenerhebungskurve verlegt werden. Mit dem dort eingetragenen Spritzbeginn SB₃ ist der Spritzbeginn für die Vollastkraftstoffeinspritzmenge hVL bei hoher Drehzahl angegeben. Der Spritzbeginn für Vollastbetrieb ändert sich somit im Bereich zwischen SB₂ und SB₃. Soll eine Startübermenge bereitgestellt werden, die bei auf Vollast gegebener Pedalstellung eingesteuert werden soll, so kann hier entsprechend dem niedrigen Drehzahlfall die Startmenge durch den Bereich SB₂ bis OT angehängt werden. Auch bis zum möglichst frühen Spritzbeginn kann Kraftstoffmenge dem Punkt SB₂ vorgelagert werden.Starting from the idling situation, additional fuel must be injected when the load is picked up. An early adjustment, which would result from an unchanged, left cam elevation curve, would be undesirable here. Due to the injection start adjustment according to the invention with increasing load when accelerating late, the left curve shifts to the right. The full load position of the cam elevation curve is entered in the diagram as the right curve. To the extent that the cam elevation curve is adjusted to late, the position of the injection phase can be moved down the cam, into the steeper area of the cam. In the right curve N VL , the full load stroke h VL is entered as an example, the end of injection SE 2 being before top dead center OT. The start of spray SB₂ is in the middle of the cam flank and relatively late. This corresponds to the position of the injection at full load and low speed. If the speed is increased, the start of spraying can be moved to the base of the cam elevation curve. With the start of injection SB₃ entered there, the start of injection for the full-load fuel injection quantity VL is indicated at high speed. The start of spraying for full load operation thus changes in the range between SB₂ and SB₃. If a starting excess is to be provided, which is to be controlled when the pedal position is at full load, the starting quantity can be appended here by the range SB₂ to TDC according to the low speed drop. The amount of fuel can be stored upstream of the point SB₂ until the start of spraying is as early as possible.

Mit dieser Ausführung bei starrer Kupplung der Spritzbeginnverstelleinrichtung mit dem Gaspedal und mit Rückmeldung sowie Erfassung aller für die Einspritzmenge und Einspritzbeginn notwendigen Parameter durch die Steuereinrichtung 30 läßt sich ohne zusätzlich großen mechanischen Aufwand eine geringe Kraftstoffeinspritzrate für den Leerlaufbetrieb zur Verfügung stellen. Dabei kann die Nockenlänge bzw. der Nockenhub des Antriebsnockens voll für den eigentlichen Einspritzvorgang genutzt werden, ohne daß Förderhub für die Förderung von Bypassmengen verlorengeht.With this design with a rigid coupling of the injection start adjustment device with the accelerator pedal and with feedback and detection of all parameters necessary for the injection quantity and start of injection by the control device 30, a low fuel injection rate for idling operation can be made available without additional mechanical effort. The cam length or the cam stroke of the drive cam can be fully for the actual one Injection process can be used without loss of delivery stroke for the promotion of bypass quantities.

Eine Variante zur Kopplung der Spritzverstelleinrichtung zeigt die Spritzverstelleinrichtung 35′ gemäß Fig 3. Hier wird der Zapfen 39′ nicht durch ein Nocken über ein Gestänge vom Gaspedal 46 betätigt, sondern durch einen Stellmotor 48, der die Bewegung des Gaspedals 46 über einen diese Bewegung erfassenden Weggeber 49 auf den Zapfen 39′ überträgt. Dabei kann ein Getriebemotor oder ein Schneckentrieb vorgesehen sein.A variant for coupling the spray adjustment device shows the spray adjustment device 35 'according to FIG. 3. Here, the pin 39' is not actuated by a cam via a linkage from the accelerator pedal 46, but by an actuator 48 which detects the movement of the accelerator pedal 46 via a movement that detects this movement Transmitter 49 on the pin 39 'transmits. A geared motor or a worm gear can be provided.

Eine Variante der vorstehenden Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt Figur 4. Dort wird der Druck im Saugraum 22 drehzahlabhängig gesteuert und über eine Drosselöffnung 51 im Verstellkolben 34′ in einen Arbeitsraum 52 geleitet, der stirnseitig vom Stellkolben 34′ im Führungszylinder 36, den Federraum 37 abgewandt, eingeschlossen wird. Mit zunehmender Drehzahl bzw. zunehmendem Druck im Saugraum 22 wird dann der Verstellkolben 34′ entgegen der Kraft der Rückstellfeder 38 verschoben, was einer Frühverstellung entspricht. Zusätzlich ist der Federraum 37 über ebenfalls eine Drossel 53 mit dem Saugraum 22 verbunden. Die vom Federraum 37 abführende Entlastungsleitung 54, die zum Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 24 führt, enthält nun ein Magnetventil 55, das von der Steuereinrichtung 30 angesteuert wird. Mit diesem Ventil, das getaktet oder analog angesteuert werden kann, kann nun lastabhängig der Druck im Federraum 37 erhöht werden und damit eine relative Spätverstellung der oben beschriebenen Frühverstellung überlagert werden. Hiermit ergibt sich in vorteilhafter Weise eine Spritzverstellung durch Winkelverschiebung der Nockenerhebungskurve, wobei der Nockenhub der Nocken optimal für die Kraftstoffeinspritzung ausgenutzt werden kann. Es kann dabei zusätzlich die Einspritzphase im Leerlaufbereich an das oberste Ende der Nockenerhebungskurve verlegt werden, wie dies zuvor beschrieben wurde. In einfacher Weise ist hier lediglich eine Ansteuerung eines Magnetventils notwendig. Eine solche Steuerung des Drucks mit Hilfe eines Magnetventils kann auch bei entsprechender Anpassung für die Steuerung des Drucks im Arbeitsraum 52 anstelle einer Drucksteuerung im Federraum vorgesehen werden. Alternativ kann aber auch statt der Anbringung eines Magnetventils 55 und der Drossel 53 der Federraum 37 wie beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 1 und 3 voll entlastet sein. Für die Frühverstellung im Bereich des Leerlaufbetriebes kann nun gemäß der in Figur 4 gestrichelt eingetragenen Lösung ein Stellglied 57 stirnseitig durch den Führungszylinder 36' in den Arbeitsraum 52 eingeführt werden und dort den Verstellkolben 34' für den Leerlaufbetriebsbereich entgegen der Kraft der Feder 38 nach Früh verstellen. Diese Verstellung wird mit zunehmender Last zurückgenommen, wobei unabhängig davon eine Frühverstllung durch den im Arbeitsraum 52 wirkenden drehzahlabhängigen Druck erfolgt. Als Antrieb für das Stellglied kann dabei der bei der Ausführung von Figuren 1 und 3 vorgesehene Antrieb für den Zapfen 39 und 39' verwendet werden.A variant of the above exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. 4. There, the pressure in the suction chamber 22 is controlled as a function of the speed and is passed via a throttle opening 51 in the adjusting piston 34 'into a working chamber 52 which is enclosed on the end face by the adjusting piston 34' in the guide cylinder 36, the spring chamber 37 . With increasing speed or increasing pressure in the suction chamber 22, the adjusting piston 34 'is then moved against the force of the return spring 38, which corresponds to an early adjustment. In addition, the spring chamber 37 is also connected to the suction chamber 22 via a throttle 53. The relief line 54 leading from the spring chamber 37, which leads to the fuel reservoir 24, now contains a solenoid valve 55 which is controlled by the control device 30. With this valve, which can be clocked or controlled analogously, the pressure in the spring chamber 37 can now be increased as a function of the load and thus a relative late adjustment of the above-described early adjustment can be superimposed. This advantageously results in a spray adjustment by angular displacement of the cam elevation curve, the cam lift of the cams being able to be optimally used for fuel injection. The injection phase in the idling range can also be shifted to the top end of the cam elevation curve, as described above. In a simple manner, it is only necessary to activate a solenoid valve. Such control of the pressure with the help of a Solenoid valve can also be provided with a corresponding adaptation for the control of the pressure in the working chamber 52 instead of a pressure control in the spring chamber. Alternatively, instead of attaching a solenoid valve 55 and the throttle 53, the spring chamber 37 can be fully relieved, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 3. For the early adjustment in the idle mode, an actuator 57 can now be inserted at the end through the guide cylinder 36 'into the working space 52 and adjust the adjusting piston 34' for the idle operating area against the force of the spring 38 after early according to the solution shown in dashed lines in Figure 4 . This adjustment is withdrawn with increasing load, with an early adjustment being effected independently of this by the speed-dependent pressure acting in the working space 52. The drive provided for the pins 39 and 39 'in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 3 can be used as the drive for the actuator.

Gemäß einer vierten Ausführungsform, die in Figur 5 wiedergegeben ist, kann die Spritzverstellung auch durch eine Folgekolbeneinrichtung vorgenommen werden (wie sie durch die DE-OS 35 32 719 bekannt ist). Dort ist im Verstellkolben 34'' ein sich zum Federraum 37 hin öffnender koaxialer Führungszylinder 60 vorgesehen, in dem ein Steuerkolben 61 verschiebbar ist und mit seiner inneren Stirnseite einen Arbeitsraum 62 einschließt, der über eine Drossel 63, eine radiale Ausnehmung 64, über die der Betätigungsarm 32 zur Kupplung in den Verstellkolben 34 hineinragt und eine Verbindungsöffnung 65, durch die der Betätigungsarm durch die Wand des Pumpengehäuses in den Rollenring 8 eingreift, mit dem Pumpensaugraum 22 verbunden. Andererseits ist der Steuerkolben von einer Steuerfeder 66 beaufschlagt, die sich am Gehäuse der Spritzverstelleinrichtung 35'' abstützt. Zwei Ringnuten am Steuerkolben definieren einen mittleren Bund 67, der je nach Lage einen radial vom Führungszylinder 60 ab gehenden und zum Arbeitsraum 52' des Verstellkolbens 34' führenden Druckkanal 68 entweder über die eine Ringnut mit dem druckentlasteten Federraum oder über die andere Ringnut und ein Rückschlagventil 69 mit der Ausnehmung 64 bzw. mit dem Saugraum 22 verbindet. Da sich der Druck im Arbeitsraum 62 drehzahlabhängig ändert, wird der Steuerkolben 61 mit zunehmender Drehzahl zunehmend weit entgegen der Steuerfeder 66 verschoben. Erfolgt eine solche Verschiebung aus der in der Figur 5 gezeigten Gleichgewichtslage, so wird über den Kanal 68 Kraftstoff in den Arbeitsraum 52 eingeleitet, solange, bis aufgrund der daraufhin folgenden Verschiebung des Verstellkolbens 34′ entgegen seiner Rückstellfeder 38 der Druckkanal 68 durch den Bund 67 wieder verschlossen wird. Sinkt umgekehrt der Druck im Arbeitsraum 52, so verschiebt sich der Steuerkolben unter der Wirkung der Steuerfeder 66 nach rechts, der Arbeitsraum 52 wird zum Federraum 37 hin entlastet, was zur Folge hat, daß der Druckraum über den sich wiederum verschiebenden Verstellkolben 34′ in Zusammenwirkung mit dem Bund 67 verschließt. So gesehen ist hiermit eine Folgekolbeneinrichtung verwirklicht, die zunächst vom drehzahlabhängigen Druck im Arbeitsraum 22 gesteuert wird. Dieser Druck kann nun durch die Abkoppeldrossel 63 in Verbindung mit einem Entlastungskanal 70 des Arbeitsraumes 62 modifiziert werden analog der Ausgestaltung nach Figur 4. In dem Entlastungskanal 70 ist ein Magnetventil 71 angeordnet, das entsprechend von der Einrichtung 60 angesteuert wird. Auch hier läßt sich eine drehzahlabhängige Frühverstellung verwirklichen und gleichzeitig eine Späterstellung von einer Frühstellung bei zunehmender Last.According to a fourth embodiment, which is shown in Figure 5, the spray adjustment can also be carried out by a follower piston device (as is known from DE-OS 35 32 719). There is provided in the adjusting piston 34 '' a coaxial guide cylinder 60 opening towards the spring chamber 37, in which a control piston 61 is displaceable and includes with its inner end face a working chamber 62 which has a throttle 63, a radial recess 64, via which the Actuating arm 32 projects into the adjusting piston 34 for coupling and a connecting opening 65, through which the actuating arm engages through the wall of the pump housing in the roller ring 8, is connected to the pump suction chamber 22. On the other hand, the control piston is acted upon by a control spring 66, which is supported on the housing of the spray adjustment device 35 ″. Two annular grooves on the control piston define a central collar 67 which, depending on the position, has a pressure channel 68 which radially extends from the guide cylinder 60 and leads to the working space 52 'of the adjusting piston 34' either via the one annular groove with the pressure-relieved spring space or via the other annular groove and a check valve 69 connects with the recess 64 or with the suction chamber 22. Since the pressure in the working chamber 62 changes as a function of the speed, the control piston 61 is increasingly displaced counter to the control spring 66 with increasing speed. If such a shift occurs from the equilibrium position shown in FIG. 5, fuel is introduced into the working space 52 via the channel 68 until the pressure channel 68 through the collar 67 again against the return spring 38 due to the subsequent shift of the adjusting piston 34 is closed. Conversely, the pressure in the working chamber 52 drops, the control piston moves under the action of the control spring 66 to the right, the working chamber 52 is relieved towards the spring chamber 37, which has the consequence that the pressure chamber over the in turn displacing adjusting piston 34 'in cooperation closes with the federal government 67. Seen in this way, a follower piston device is hereby realized, which is initially controlled by the speed-dependent pressure in the working space 22. This pressure can now be modified by the decoupling throttle 63 in connection with a relief duct 70 of the working space 62 analogous to the embodiment according to FIG. 4. A solenoid valve 71 is arranged in the relief duct 70 and is controlled accordingly by the device 60. Here, too, a speed-dependent early adjustment can be implemented and, at the same time, a late setting from an early position with increasing load.

Eine alternative Ausführung zeigt Figur 6. Hier ist ein Steuerschieber 61′ vorgesehen, der durch eine zusätzliche Kraft belastbar ist, die durch ein elektrisches Stellwerk, einen Stellmotor oder einem Schrittmotor 71 von der Seite der Steuerfeder 66 her aufgebracht wird. Damit wird das Kräftverhältnis, das auf den Steuerschieber 61′ wirkt, verändert und eine Überlagerung von einer drehzahlabhängigen Frühverstellung und einer lastabhängigen Spätverstellung verwirklichbar. Statt des durch Steuerdruck beaufschlagten Steuerschiebers 61′, kann dieser letztlich aber auch starr mit einer elektrischen Stelleinrichtung gekoppelt sein, wobei dann die Steuerfeder 66 entfällt sowie die Verbindung des Arbeitsraums 62 zum Saugraum 22. Der Arbeitsraum 62 ist dann entlastet. Bei Betätigung des Steuerkolbens wird dann der Verstellkolben in bekannter Weise nachgeführt.An alternative embodiment is shown in Figure 6. Here, a control slide 61 'is provided, which can be loaded by an additional force, which is applied by an electrical signal box, a servomotor or a stepper motor 71 from the side of the control spring 66. This changes the force ratio, which acts on the control slide 61 ', and a superposition of a speed-dependent early adjustment and a load-dependent late adjustment can be realized. Instead of being acted upon by control pressure Control slide 61 ', this can ultimately also be rigidly coupled to an electrical actuating device, in which case the control spring 66 is omitted and the connection of the working space 62 to the suction space 22. The working space 62 is then relieved. When the control piston is actuated, the adjusting piston is then tracked in a known manner.

Die mit vorstehenden Ausführungsformen ausgestattete Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe erlaubt es, eine hohe Zylinderzahl pro Umdrehung des Pumpenkolbens mit Kraftstoff zu versorgen. Insbesondere erlaubt diese Ausstattung, daß der Nockenhub in optimaler Weise ausgenutzt werden kann und damit aber auch eine Einspritzung bis zum oberen Totpunkt des Nockens für den Leerlaufbetrieb verwirklicht werden kann. Mit der drehzahlabhängigen Spritzverstellung durch Verstellen des Nockens braucht kein Nockenhub für die Variantion des Spritzbeginns zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Es kann somit die Einspritzung bereits zu Beginn der Nockenerhebung erfolgen und bis in den steilen Bereich der Nockenerhebungskurve verlegt werden. In Figur 7 sind zwei Nockenerhebungskurven für den Vollastbetrieb NVLu, die rechte Kurve und NVLo die ganz linke Kurve, dargestellt. Die rechte Kurve bedeutet die Nockenstellung für einen niedrigeren Drehzahlbereich, also entsprechend einem späten Spritzbeginn und die Nockenkurve ganz links zeigt eine Nockenposition für einen hohen Drehzahlbereich, also einen frühen Kraftstoffeinspritzbeginn. Weiterhin ist eine Nockenposition für den Leerlaufbereich eingezeichnet, die Kurve NL. Während bei Vollastbetrieb, wie oben gesagt, der Spritzbeginn SBu bzw. SBo am Anfang der Nockenerhebungskurve liegt und das Spritzende SEu bzw. SEo im mittleren Bereich der Nockenerhebung liegt, ist bei der Nockenkurve NL analog zu Figur 2 das Spritzende SEL im Punkte OT und der Spritzbeginn SBL im oberen Teil der Nockenerhebung. Zugleich ist die Nockenkurve NL frühverschoben, um analog zur Figur 2 den notwendigen frühen Einspritzbeginn zu bekommen und die Spätverlegung zum oberen Totpunkt hin zu kompensieren. Aus dieser Position der Nockenkurve im Leerlaufbetrieb wird bei Lastaufnahme und entsprechend der Drehzahl die für die Einspritzung notwendige Lage der Nockenerhebungskurve, bezogen auf den Antriebsdrehwinkel α, durch die Steuereinrichtung 30 eingestellt. Dazu könnte auch eine Rückmeldung des tatsächlichen Spritzbeginns durch bekannte Geber vorgenommen werden.The fuel injection pump equipped with the above embodiments allows a large number of cylinders to be supplied with fuel per revolution of the pump piston. In particular, this equipment allows the cam lift to be used in an optimal manner and thus also an injection to idle top dead center of the cam can be realized. With the speed-dependent spray adjustment by adjusting the cam, there is no need to provide a cam stroke for the variation of the start of spraying. The injection can thus already take place at the beginning of the cam elevation and can be shifted into the steep area of the cam elevation curve. FIG. 7 shows two cam elevation curves for full-load operation N VLu , the right curve and N VLo the very left curve. The right curve means the cam position for a lower speed range, i.e. corresponding to a late start of injection, and the cam curve on the far left shows a cam position for a high speed range, i.e. an early start of fuel injection. A cam position for the idling range is also shown, curve N L. While, at full load operation, as stated above, the start of injection SB u or SB o is at the beginning of the cam elevation curve and the end of injection SE u or SE o is in the middle region of the cam elevation, in the case of cam curve N L, the end of injection SE is analogous to FIG L in points OT and the start of spraying SB L in the upper part of the cam elevation. At the same time, the cam curve N L is shifted early in order to get the necessary early start of injection analogously to FIG. 2 and to compensate for the late relocation to the top dead center. From this position of the cam curve in idle mode, the position of the cam elevation curve, which is necessary for the injection, based on the drive angle of rotation α, is set by the control device 30 when the load is taken up and in accordance with the speed. For this purpose, the actual start of spraying could also be reported back by known sensors.

Bei einem sechsten Ausführungsbeispiel wird ein spezieller bekannter Spritzversteller verwendet, wie er in der DE-OS 30 10 312 offenbart ist. Hier ist ein Trägerkolben 73 vorgesehen, der in einem Zylinder 74 verschiebbar ist und dabei auf der einen Seite einen Federraum 75 einschließt, in dem sich eine Rückstellfeder 76 zwischen Trägerkolben 73 und Zylinder 74 abstützt. Auf der anderen Stirnseite des Trägerkolbens schließt dieser einen Arbeitsraum 77 ein, der über eine Druckleitung 78 und einem in dieser enthaltenen Ventil 79 mit einer Druckquelle verbunden ist. Zugleich ist der Arbeitsraum über eine Entlastungsleitung 80, in der gegebenenfalls eine Drossel 81 angeordnet sein kann, mit einem Entlastungsraum verbunden. Mit Hilfe des Ventils 79 wird im Arbeitsraum 77 ein Steuerdruck eingestellt, der je nach Höhe den Trägerkolben 73 mehr oder weniger weit entgegen der Kraft der Rückstellfeder 76 verstellt. Im Trägerkolben ist nun der Verstellkolben 34‴ verschiebbar angeordnet und wie beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 4 auf der einen Seite von einer sich am Trägerkolben abstützenden Rückstellfeder 38′ belastet und auf der anderen Seite von einem hydraulischen Steuerdruck belastet, der über eine Drossel 83 vom Saugraum 22 in den stirnseitig zwischen Verstellkolben 34‴ und Trägerkolben 73 eingeschlossenen Arbeitsraum 84 eingeführt wird. Der Verstellkolben 34′ wird somit in bekannter Weise drehzahlabhängig gegen die Kraft der Rückstellfeder 38′ verschoben, wobei er sich relativ zum Trägerkolben 73 verstellt. In bekannter Weise wird somit eine Frühverstellung bewirkt, die hier wiederum über den Betätigungsarm 32 auf den Rollenring übertragen wird. Dieser Frühverstellung kann nun überlagert werden eine Verstellung des Trägerkolbens 73 selbst. Diese kann entsprechend der obenstehenden Maßgabe so sein, daß sie mit zunehmender Last in Richtung Spät erfolgt, ausgehend von einer anfänglichen Frühstellung. Diese Ausführung hat den Vorteil, daß hier die ursprüngliche Verstellcharakteristik der drehzahlabhängigen Verstellung erhalten bleibt und auch der gesamte Arbeitsbereich des Verstellkolbens 34‴.In a sixth embodiment, a special known spray adjuster is used, as disclosed in DE-OS 30 10 312. Here, a carrier piston 73 is provided, which is displaceable in a cylinder 74 and thereby includes a spring chamber 75 on one side, in which a return spring 76 is supported between the carrier piston 73 and cylinder 74. On the other end of the carrier piston, it includes a working space 77, which is connected to a pressure source via a pressure line 78 and a valve 79 contained therein. At the same time, the work space is connected to a relief space via a relief line 80, in which a throttle 81 can optionally be arranged. With the help of the valve 79, a control pressure is set in the working space 77, which, depending on the height, more or less adjusts the carrier piston 73 against the force of the return spring 76. In the carrier piston, the adjusting piston 34 ‴ is now arranged displaceably and, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, is loaded on one side by a restoring spring 38 'which is supported on the carrier piston and on the other side by a hydraulic control pressure which is supplied via a throttle 83 from the suction chamber 22 is inserted into the working space 84 enclosed on the end face between adjusting piston 34 ‴ and carrier piston 73. The adjusting piston 34 'is thus shifted in a known manner depending on the speed against the force of the return spring 38', whereby it is adjusted relative to the carrier piston 73. An early adjustment is thus effected in a known manner, which in turn is transmitted here to the roller ring via the actuating arm 32. This early adjustment can now be overlaid with an adjustment of the carrier piston 73 itself. According to the above provision, this can be such that it takes place with increasing load in the late direction, starting from an initial early position. This version has the advantage that the original adjustment characteristic of the speed-dependent adjustment is retained and also the entire working range of the adjusting piston 34 ‴.

Eine Abwandlung zum Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 8 stellt die Ausführung nach Figur 9 dar, wobei die Verstellung des Trägerkolbens 73′ statt hydraulisch mechanisch erfolgt. Dazu ist auf der einen, dem Federraum 75 abgewandten Stirnseite des Trägerkolbens ein Nocken 85 vorgesehen, der bei Betätigung des Trägerkolben 73 verstellt. Der Nocken kann dann z. B. durch einen elektrischen Stellmotor, gesteuert durch die Steuereinrichtung 30, betätigt werden. Auch hier kann eine Rückmeldung der Stellung des Trägerkörpers 73′, wie auch beim obenstehenden Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 8, vorgenommen werden anstelle oder zusätzlich zu einer unmittelbaren Erfassung des Spritzbeginns.A modification to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8 represents the embodiment according to FIG. 9, the adjustment of the carrier piston 73 ′ taking place mechanically instead of hydraulically. For this purpose, a cam 85 is provided on one end of the carrier piston facing away from the spring chamber 75, which cam adjusts when the carrier piston 73 is actuated. The cam can then e.g. B. operated by an electric servomotor, controlled by the control device 30. Here too, a feedback of the position of the carrier body 73 ', as in the above embodiment according to FIG. 8, can be made instead of or in addition to an immediate detection of the start of injection.

Claims (15)

  1. Method of controlling the time of the fuel high-pressure delivery in a fuel injection pump during the delivery strokes of a pump piston, which can be actuated by an adjustable cam drive, of the fuel injection pump by determining the time of the closed condition of a valve arranged in a relief conduit leading away from the pump working space of the fuel injection pump and electrically controlled by an electrical control device, various ranges of different steepness of the cam driving the pump piston during its delivery stroke becoming effective by the selection of the time of the closed condition in association with a controlled adjustment of the cam drive relative to the drive shaft of the fuel injection pump and the duration of injection and the beginning of injection being controlled by the electrical control device corresponding to the demands of the internal combustion engine and, in a first operating range of the internal combustion engine at part load to full load, the time of the fuel high-pressure delivery being placed at the beginning of and extending to the central range of the cam lift curve of the cam drive by control of the electrical valve and by control, as a function of operating parameters, of the adjustment of the cam drive, characterised in that in a second operating range of the internal combustion engine corresponding to low load, the end of the time of the closed condition of the electrically controlled valve is permanently placed at or after the top dead centre of the cam driving the pump piston and the adjustment of the cam drive takes place in the early direction and, starting from this, in the late direction with increasing load.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterised in that in the second operating range, a basic position of the cam drive, and therefore of the beginning of injection, occurs which can be adjusted as a function of the load and, additionally superimposed on this, an adjustment of the cam drive towards early occurs with increasing rotational speed.
  3. Fuel injection pump for carrying out the method according to Claim 1 or 2, having a pump piston (3) reciprocated by a cam drive (6), which pump piston encloses a pump working space (4), which can be connected to a fuel low-pressure source (22) via a suction passage (21) during the suction stroke of the pump piston and can be connected during the delivery stroke to an injection conduit (17), on the one hand, and to a relief space (22) via a relief passage containing an electrically controlled valve (29), on the other, the time of the closed condition of the electrically controlled valve (29) determining the time of the fuel high-pressure delivery to the injection spot at the fuel injection pump and having an injection adjusting device (35) having an adjusting piston (34), by means of which injection adjusting device (35) the rotational angle at which the delivery stroke of the pump piston begins (referred to the rotational angle of the drive shaft (11) of the fuel injection pump) can be adjusted, the adjusting piston being electrically or mechanically connected to an accelerator pedal (46) of the internal combustion engine and the instantaneous position of the adjusting piston (34) being recorded by a displacement pick-up (49) whose output is connected to the electrical control device (30) by means of which the control times of the electrically controlled valve (29), in particular its closing point, are formed taking account of the parameters decisive for the beginning of injection, means being provided which, in a first operating range of the internal combustion engine at part load to full load, place the time of the fuel high pressure delivery at the beginning of and extending to the central range of the cam lift curve of the cam drive by control of the electrical valve and by control, as a function of operating parameters, of the adjustment of the cam drive, characterised in that in a second operating range of the internal combustion engine corresponding to low load the means permanently place the end of the time of the closed condition of the electrically controlled valve at or after the top dead centre of the cam driving the pump piston and the adjustment of the cam drive takes place in the early direction and, starting from this, in the late direction with increasing load as a function of the accelerator pedal position.
  4. Fuel injection pump according to Claim 3, characterised in that for internal combustion engine starting and idling position of the accelerator pedal (46), the starting excess quantity is provided by displacement to early of the closing time of the electrically controlled valve (29).
  5. Fuel injection pump according to Claim 3 whereby the adjusting piston (34) of the injection adjusting device (35) can be adjusted against the force of a return spring (38) by means of a hydraulic pressure medium whose pressure increases with rotational speed, and whereby the adjusting piston (34) can be additionally adjusted against the force of the return spring (38) by an adjusting device (39, 48; 55; 71; 73; 73', 57) as a function of the position of a load adjusting element (46) recording the load and, therefore, the first and second operating range, characterised in that means are provided which reduce the additional adjustment of the adjusting piston with increasing load.
  6. Fuel injection pump according to Claim 5, characterised in that the setting device is an actuator in the form of a setting cam (42).
  7. Fuel injection pump, according to Claim 5, characterised in that the adjusting piston (34') encloses, at its end facing away from the return spring (38), a working space (52) which is connected by means of an electrically controlled valve to a pressure source and which can be relieved via a throttle or connected to a pressure source via a throttle and can be relieved via an electrically controlled valve, the opening of the electrically controlled valve being controlled by the electrical control device (30) as a function of the rotational speed in order to control the pressure which increases with the rotational speed and being additionally controlled, for the additional adjustment, by the position of the load adjusting element (46) of the internal combustion engine.
  8. Fuel injection pump according to Claim 5, characterised in that the adjusting piston (34') encloses a spring space (37) at an end facing towards the return spring (38), which spring space (37) is connected via a throttle (53) to a pressure source controlled to the pressure which increases with the rotational speed and is connected via an electrically controlled valve (55) to a relief space or via an electrically controlled valve to the pressure source and via a throttle to a relief space (24), the opening of the electrically controlled valve being controlled, for the additional adjustment, by the electrical control device (30) as a function of the position of the load adjusting element (46) for the load on the internal combustion engine.
  9. Fuel injection pump according to Claim 5, characterised in that the adjusting piston (34) encloses a working space (52) at an end facing away from the return spring (38), which working space (52) can be connected by means of a control piston (61), guided in the axial direction in the adjusting piston (34''), either to a pressure source of the hydraulic pressure medium or to a relief space, which control piston (61) is supported at one of its ends on a control spring (66) and is loaded at its other end by the pressure medium, and the adjusting piston (34'') is configured as a follow-up piston to the control piston (61) and the control piston is additionally loaded, for the additional adjustment, by a force which is variable as a function of the position of the load adjusting element.
  10. Fuel injection pump according to Claim 9, characterised in that the variable force acts on the control piston (61) by means of an electrically controlled setting gear at the control spring end.
  11. Fuel injection pump according to Claim 9, characterised in that the variable force is formed from the variation of the pressure acting on the control piston in such a way that a working space (62) located in front of the control piston at its end facing away from the control spring is connected via a throttle (63) to the pressure source and can be connected via an electrically controlled valve (71) to the relief space (24).
  12. Fuel injection pump according to Claim 5, characterised in that the adjusting piston (34) encloses a working space (52) at an end facing away from the return spring (38), which working space (52) can be connected by a control piston (61), guided in the axial direction in the adjusting piston (34''), either to a pressure source of the hydraulic pressure medium or to a relief space, and the control piston (61) can be actuated, for the additional adjustment, by an electrically controlled setting appliance as a function of the rotational speed and additionally by the position of the load adjustment element (46) of the internal combustion engine and the adjusting piston (34'') is configured as a follow-up piston of the control piston.
  13. Fuel injection pump according to Claim 5, characterised in that the adjusting piston (34''') is arranged within a supporting piston (73) on which the return spring (38) is supported and, together with this supporting piston, encloses a working space (84) at an end facing away from the return spring (38'), which working space (84) is acted upon by the pressure medium and the supporting body can be adjusted, for the additional adjustment, against a return force (76) as a function of the position of the load adjustment element.
  14. Fuel injection pump according to Claim 13, characterised in that the supporting piston (73) can be adjusted by a pressure medium pressure formed as a function of the position of the load adjusting element (46).
  15. Fuel injection pump according to Claim 13, characterised in that the supporting body (73') is electrically or mechanically connected to the accelerator pedal (46) of the internal combustion engine and can be adjusted with increasing load, from an early beginning of injection to a late beginning of injection, as a function of the load.
EP88111647A 1987-09-04 1988-07-20 Method for controlling high-pressure fuel delivery duration of a fuel injection pump Expired - Lifetime EP0305716B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873729636 DE3729636A1 (en) 1987-09-04 1987-09-04 METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE TIME OF HIGH FUEL PRESSURE DELIVERY OF A FUEL INJECTION PUMP
DE3729636 1987-09-04

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EP0305716A2 EP0305716A2 (en) 1989-03-08
EP0305716A3 EP0305716A3 (en) 1990-05-02
EP0305716B1 true EP0305716B1 (en) 1993-09-29

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EP (1) EP0305716B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2956769B2 (en)
KR (1) KR0121785B1 (en)
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US4598683A (en) * 1984-03-15 1986-07-08 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Fuel injection pump of the distribution type

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2956769B2 (en) 1999-10-04
KR0121785B1 (en) 1997-11-24
EP0305716A3 (en) 1990-05-02
EP0305716A2 (en) 1989-03-08
DE3884531D1 (en) 1993-11-04
JPS6483828A (en) 1989-03-29
KR890005375A (en) 1989-05-13
DE3729636A1 (en) 1989-03-16
US5201297A (en) 1993-04-13

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