EP0304907A2 - Procédé et commande du mouvement d'approche et de prise de contact d'une meule de rectification - Google Patents

Procédé et commande du mouvement d'approche et de prise de contact d'une meule de rectification Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0304907A2
EP0304907A2 EP88113845A EP88113845A EP0304907A2 EP 0304907 A2 EP0304907 A2 EP 0304907A2 EP 88113845 A EP88113845 A EP 88113845A EP 88113845 A EP88113845 A EP 88113845A EP 0304907 A2 EP0304907 A2 EP 0304907A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding
workpiece
grinding wheel
movement
probing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88113845A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0304907A3 (fr
Inventor
Horst Lach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LACH-SPEZIAL-WERKZEUGE GmbH
Original Assignee
LACH-SPEZIAL-WERKZEUGE GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LACH-SPEZIAL-WERKZEUGE GmbH filed Critical LACH-SPEZIAL-WERKZEUGE GmbH
Publication of EP0304907A2 publication Critical patent/EP0304907A2/fr
Publication of EP0304907A3 publication Critical patent/EP0304907A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/16—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/22—Equipment for exact control of the position of the grinding tool or work at the start of the grinding operation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling the step-by-step feed movement of a grinding wheel which is movable relative to a workpiece surface to be machined parallel to this grinding wheel, and also for controlling the relative probing movement between a grinding wheel and a workpiece or a sensor.
  • the step-by-step feed has always been carried out after a certain number of reciprocating movements of the grinding wheel or the workpiece.
  • the removal on the part of the workpiece takes place at different speeds, depending on whether the exposed grains of the grinding wheel are still predominantly sharp-edged or already blunted or whether hard grains persist longer on individual parts of the surface to be ground before they are also removed.
  • This variance in the processing time for a certain stock removal must be taken into account when setting the number of grinding processes, after which a step-by-step feed movement is to take place, and a sufficiently large number of back and forth movements must be preselected in any case. It follows, however, that in most cases a smaller number of grinding operations than the necessary setting would suffice until the next infeed step.
  • the grinding wheel is blunted to an unforeseen extent, it can result in a regular rhythm of delivery, even though the intended removal has not yet been achieved. Then the grinding wheel presses against the workpiece to an unacceptable extent, deforms it or causes other damage.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a control method of the type mentioned by which the machining time is shortened and the production errors mentioned are effectively avoided, and this object is achieved in that for each reciprocating movement of the grinding wheel a sequence of measured values of at least one type of operating data of the grinding wheel rotary drive is recorded, which change with the frictional moment acting on the grinding wheel, and an infeed occurs as soon as all measured values of a sequence remain on the side of a limit value on which a maximum assigned to it Frictional torque is not exceeded.
  • the invention has the advantage that neither machine time is wasted for unnecessary back and forth movements of the grinding wheel, nor manufacturing errors can occur due to early delivery after insufficient removal, because the delivery now takes place at exactly the right time after reaching a predetermined removal.
  • the same control method can also be used before the start of grinding work, in order to touch the grinding wheel and the workpiece by touching the touch position, i. that is, to bring the starting position, from which the infeed then takes place during the grinding process.
  • a sequence of measured values of at least one type of operating data of the grinding wheel rotary drive is recorded, which change with the frictional torque acting on the grinding wheel, and the probing movement is terminated as soon as the measured values reach a limit value, which is a certain maximum frictional torque corresponds.
  • the proposed controls of the infeed and the probing movements are identical in principle, both differ essentially in that in the first case a specific and in the second case an undefined sequence of measured values is recorded, and in that the limit value in one case is the frictional torque after one Abrasive abrasion, in the other case before the start of grinding, the latter case includes the two alternatives that when touching either a relative position of the grinding wheel is reached, from which it is still necessary to advance before grinding begins, or at the end of Probing movement already a relative position of the grinding wheel with respect to the workpiece as is achieved at the end of an infeed movement.
  • the new control process for the probing movement works very sensitively and precisely. It is therefore now possible to provide a two-phase probing movement, the fine probing taking place in the second phase being controlled according to the method according to the invention, while the preceding rough probing in another way, e.g. B. can be controlled by optical and / or mechanical means.
  • the combination of the fine control according to the invention in the final phase of the probing movement with a control method of the preceding first phase is particularly preferred, in which an electrical spark voltage is applied between the grinding tool and the workpiece or sensor and the touch position is determined by the spark current becomes.
  • the current or power consumption of a pulse-controlled direct current drive motor of the grinding wheel is the result of measured values which form a measure of the frictional torque acting on the grinding wheel measured, this drive motor is preferably operated at constant speed during the recording of the sequence of measured values.
  • This control method offers compared to others in which not the current or power consumption, but z. B. the speed change due to changes in the friction torque or other dependent operating data are measured, the advantage of greater accuracy.
  • surfaces arranged with certain relative positions to each other e.g. B. cutting can be ground in a preferred practical embodiment of the invention before and / or after grinding one of the surfaces on this can be touched, and according to this touch position the other surfaces can then be ground or infeed movements made to compensate for grinding wheel wear.
  • a model surface or a sensor can be touched with the grinding tool and used as a reference for all surfaces to be ground.
  • the method according to the invention for controlling the probing movement offers a particularly great advantage if the feed movement is then also controlled according to the method proposed for this purpose, because the same control device can then be used to control both the probing and the feed movement.
  • a workpiece is first machined by spark erosion or erosion using a first tool and then machined in the same setting with a grinding wheel brought into the approximate probing position by means of spark current.
  • the probing done quickly and automatically, but the accuracy is also promoted in that the workpiece remains in the same clamping in two successively different machining operations and the relative positions to both tools are controlled in the same way.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a workpiece 10, z. B. a saw blade, which is clamped on a cross slide 12 and can thus be moved in the direction of two mutually perpendicular coordinates x and y.
  • a rotary drive 14, the angle of rotation of which can be controlled, is used to adjust the angle of rotation or to advance the saw blade from one cutting edge to the next.
  • the tool 16 is a rotatably drivable disk, e.g. B. made of graphite, copper or another electrically conductive material, possibly also with enclosed abrasive grains made of electrically non-conductive material, for. B. diamond grain.
  • the saw blade 10 or another workpiece, e.g. B. also on its cutting edges, the z. B. can consist of hard metal or polycrystalline diamond, machined milling cutter or another similar tool machined by spark erosion or EDM.
  • the second tool 18 is an electrically conductive, i.e. e.g. metal-bonded grinding wheel with diamond grit, for example. Both tools 16 and 18 are seated on the same drive shaft 20 and can be moved by a tool slide 22 in the direction of a z coordinate perpendicular to the x and y coordinates. In addition, the angular velocity ⁇ of the shaft 20 driven by a drive motor 24 can be controlled.
  • a spark generator 26 is connected via lines 28 and 30 to the workpiece 10 and the respective tool 16 and 18, respectively.
  • a dielectric can be flushed in between the workpiece 10 and the respective tool 16 or 18, so that they are isolated from one another either by this or by air and can jump over sparks between them if the eroding tool 16 is at the distance between the the spark erosion necessary spark gap is in the working position or when the grinding tool 18 is touched on the workpiece 10.
  • the infeeds, feed movements and setpoint settings provided in the individual case can be carried out.
  • the specifications for the control circuit can be entered into the control circuit either manually using a keyboard (not shown) or through a program memory 34. This can then have the cross slide 12 execute a movement in the direction of the x coordinate via a line 36 and a signal converter 38, which, for example, influences the spark gap between workpiece 10 and tool 16.
  • the changes in the electrical voltage Us at the spark gap can be tapped via a measuring device 40 and, alternatively or at the same time, a gap current change Is can be tapped via a measuring device 42 and fed to the control circuit 32 for evaluation.
  • a stepwise setting is made parallel to the spark gap between the workpiece and the tool bare capacity 44 available, as is known from metalworking to make adjustments.
  • the infeed of the tool can be regulated depending on the current Is measured at 42.
  • the value proportional to a current to the size of the spark gap can be fed to a comparator, in which a comparison is made with an adjustable setpoint.
  • the movement of the cross slide 12 in the direction of the y coordinate is controlled via a control line 46 and a signal converter 48. This can e.g. a reciprocating movement of the workpiece when machining straight cutting edges.
  • the extent of the to-and-fro movement can be predetermined by the program memory 34 or by a simple reversal by means of limit switches.
  • the tool slide 22 is controlled in the direction of the z coordinate via a line 50 and a signal converter 52 in order to e.g. make a height adjustment of the tool 16 or 18.
  • the speed of the drive motor 24 is controlled by the control circuit 32 via a control line 54 and a signal converter 56.
  • a corresponding signal is sent from the control circuit 32 via a control line 58 and a signal converter 60 to the rotary drive 14 of the workpiece 10 .
  • the rotary drive 14 can also be a constantly rotating motor if a workpiece is to be machined as a rotating body while rotating about its axis during machining.
  • the device shown in the drawing is fundamentally suitable for processing metallic workpieces, especially for the manufacture and regrinding of tools, in particular with very hard cutting edges, for example made of polycrystalline material.
  • the cutting edges of the workpiece can first be machined using the tool 16 by spark erosion or by erosion grinding.
  • the surfaces that are still relatively rough in this machining process can then be finished in the same clamping of the workpiece 10 and with the aid of the same control circuit by means of the grinding tool 18.
  • the spark current Is unlike in the previous eroding process, is no longer used to remove material, but only to control the relative position between the workpiece 10 and the grinding tool 18.
  • the workpiece 10 can thus be moved quickly and automatically very precisely up to a specific distance or until the abrasive grains come into contact with the grinding tool 18 - or conversely, the workpiece 10 - in order to touch it.
  • the desired starting position for the grinding process can be set very precisely in the manner described, because each spark gap between the tool and the workpiece is a specific one even in the case of the electrically conductive grinding tool 18 Spark current Is is assigned, the value of which is passed to the control circuit 32 and is compared there with a specific target value for the starting position or contact position. Even during the mechanical During the grinding process by means of the grinding wheel 18, the spark voltage Us can be maintained in order to generate a spark current Is in the amount of a measuring or control current and in this way to control the mechanical grinding contact between the grinding wheel 18 and the workpiece 10. The eroding effect of the sparks is kept to a minimum in this processing step in order not to impair the smoothing effect of the mechanical grinding process.
  • the control of the probing movement by means of the spark current in the device according to FIG. 1 can be influenced by dirt in the spark gap.
  • the additional control circuit according to FIG. 2 can be used.
  • the control device shown in FIG. 2 can also be used to control the infeed movement of a grinding wheel, specifically again regardless of whether it and / or the workpiece consist of electrically conductive material.
  • the workpiece is also designated with 10, the workpiece carrier with 12, the grinding wheel with 18 and its electric rotary drive motor with 24.
  • the tool carrier 12 executes a reciprocating movement in accordance with the double arrow 62 during grinding.
  • the probing movement and later the infeed movement take place transversely to this in the direction of arrow 64.
  • a stepper motor 66 serves as the drive for the probing and infeed movements.
  • B. acts on the tool carrier 12 via an adjusting spindle 68.
  • the operating current of the rotary drive motor 24 of the grinding wheel 18 is regulated by a control device 70 by means of the pulse width control in such a way that it operates at a constant speed during a specific machining operation circulates.
  • a tachometer generator 72 is attached to the grinding wheel 18 or its drive motor 24, which measures the actual speed and reports it to the control device 70 so that the power supply of the drive motor 24 can be changed accordingly if deviations from the target speed occur. to counteract the occurring speed deviations.
  • the setpoint for the speed of the drive motor 24 is set by a potentiometer 74 on the control device 70.
  • the current values of the power supply of the drive motor 24 are tapped at 76 and fed to a comparator 78, where they are compared with a specific limit value which is entered via a potentiometer 80.
  • a current value memory 82 which in turn is connected to a computer 84, in which, depending on the control program set, the current values or their difference to the set limit value for either a probing movement or infeed movements are counted and summarized in a specific manner until the computer 84 issues a control command to the motor controller 86 of the stepper motor 66 in accordance with the program entered.
  • FIG. 3 graphically illustrates the control process between tapping the current values at 76 and issuing a control command to the stepper motor 66. Short, even time intervals are plotted on the abscissa during a back and forth movement S of the tool carrier 12 in the direction of arrow 62, while the current values I and the limit value G set for them are plotted on the ordinate. In the illustrated example of a control of the infeed movement, almost all of them lie during the back and forth considered Movement of the tool holder 12 relative to the grinding wheel 18 current values below the limit value G. This means that the workpiece 10 has already been ground down to the extent intended up to this point on the surface to be ground. As the current value curve in Fig. 3 shows, but has z. B.
  • the computer 84 does not yet give the motor controller 86 of the stepping motor 66 a control impulse for a movement in the feed direction 64. Rather, there is a further reciprocating movement of the Tool holder 12 in the direction of movement 62, ie a further grinding process takes place during which a current value curve according to FIG. 3 is again recorded.
  • a control pulse is sent from the computer 84 to the motor controller 86, whereupon the stepper motor 66 advances the tool holder 12 by a predetermined amount in direction 64.
  • the current value curve according to FIG. 3, which is subsequently recorded next, will initially be far above the limit value G immediately after the infeed because of the strong friction between the workpiece 10 and the grinding wheel 18.
  • the frictional torque exerted on the grinding wheel 18 and thus also the current consumption of the rotary drive motor 24 decrease until the current values drop below the limit value G again and the computer 84 triggers the next infeed step of the stepping motor 66 via the motor controller 86.
  • the infeed control described above by way of example can be used regardless of whether the workpiece 10 and / or the grinding wheel 18 execute a reciprocating movement in the direction of arrow 62 transversely to the infeed direction 64 during the grinding operation, and whether the workpiece 10 and the grinding wheel 18 consist of electrically conductive materials.
  • the described control method and the schematically illustrated control device according to FIG. 2 are also suitable for controlling a probing movement before the start of grinding, in order to bring the grinding wheel and the workpiece into the relative starting position.
  • the current values I in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3 are not determined during the back-and-forth movement in the direction of the arrow 62, but during the probing movement in the direction of the arrow 64 generated by the stepping motor 66.
  • the sequence of the current values I initially remains below a certain limit value G as long as there is no contact at all between the grinding wheel 18 and the workpiece 10. The onset of contact is immediately noticeable as a sharp increase in the current values I due to the frictional moment exerted on the grinding wheel 18, the low limit G being exceeded and the probing movement then being ended immediately.
  • an electrically conductive grinding wheel 18 should also be used when grinding electrically conductive workpieces, so that the one described in connection with FIGS. 2 and 3 Fine touching as a function of the frictional torque exerted on the grinding wheel 18 can be combined with the probing control as a function of the spark current, as explained above in connection with FIG. 1.
  • the invention can even be used when electrically non-conductive workpieces are to be ground, if a probe made of electrically conductive material is attached to the workpiece and used as a reference for probing at the beginning and / or at the end of a grinding process the grinding wheel can be touched by measuring the spark current and the frictional moment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
EP88113845A 1987-08-26 1988-08-25 Procédé et commande du mouvement d'approche et de prise de contact d'une meule de rectification Withdrawn EP0304907A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3728390 1987-08-26
DE19873728390 DE3728390A1 (de) 1987-08-26 1987-08-26 Verfahren zur steuerung der zustell- und der antastbewegung einer schleifscheibe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0304907A2 true EP0304907A2 (fr) 1989-03-01
EP0304907A3 EP0304907A3 (fr) 1989-12-27

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EP88113845A Withdrawn EP0304907A3 (fr) 1987-08-26 1988-08-25 Procédé et commande du mouvement d'approche et de prise de contact d'une meule de rectification

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Country Link
US (1) US4947015A (fr)
EP (1) EP0304907A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6464776A (fr)
DE (1) DE3728390A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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WO2018206455A1 (fr) * 2017-05-11 2018-11-15 Walter Maschinenbau Gmbh Machine de ponçage et/ou d'usinage par électro-érosion, ainsi que procédé servant à mesurer et/ou à référencer la machine

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US5355631A (en) * 1992-11-19 1994-10-18 Robotics And Automation Corporation Regulated force and speed control of a surface treating wheel
DE19743528C1 (de) * 1997-10-01 1999-07-29 Vollmer Werke Maschf Meßeinrichtung an einer Maschine zum Bearbeiten von Werkstücken mit Schneidzähnen, insbes. von Sägeblättern
US6688956B1 (en) 2000-11-29 2004-02-10 Psiloquest Inc. Substrate polishing device and method
US6579604B2 (en) 2000-11-29 2003-06-17 Psiloquest Inc. Method of altering and preserving the surface properties of a polishing pad and specific applications therefor
WO2002043922A1 (fr) * 2000-11-29 2002-06-06 Psiloquest, Inc. Tampon de polissage en polyéthylène réticulé destiné à polir de façon chimico-mecanique, appareil et procédé de polissage
US6764574B1 (en) 2001-03-06 2004-07-20 Psiloquest Polishing pad composition and method of use
US6575823B1 (en) 2001-03-06 2003-06-10 Psiloquest Inc. Polishing pad and method for in situ delivery of chemical mechanical polishing slurry modifiers and applications thereof
EP1369230A1 (fr) * 2002-06-05 2003-12-10 Kba-Giori S.A. Procédé de fabrication d'une plaque gravée
US6838169B2 (en) 2002-09-11 2005-01-04 Psiloquest, Inc. Polishing pad resistant to delamination
US20070066183A1 (en) * 2005-09-21 2007-03-22 Jung-Sheng Chang Control structure of grinding machine
US20070066182A1 (en) * 2005-09-21 2007-03-22 Jung-Sheng Chang Machine for grinding internal diameter and end surface of workpiece
US8604709B2 (en) 2007-07-31 2013-12-10 Lsi Industries, Inc. Methods and systems for controlling electrical power to DC loads
US8903577B2 (en) 2009-10-30 2014-12-02 Lsi Industries, Inc. Traction system for electrically powered vehicles
US7598683B1 (en) 2007-07-31 2009-10-06 Lsi Industries, Inc. Control of light intensity using pulses of a fixed duration and frequency
KR101383600B1 (ko) * 2010-03-11 2014-04-11 주식회사 엘지화학 유리판 연마 상황을 모니터링하는 장치 및 방법
CN116834095A (zh) * 2023-07-27 2023-10-03 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 一种切丝机磨刀火花视觉监测装置及其控制方法

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DE2204159B2 (de) * 1971-02-16 1974-05-02 G & B Automated Equipment Ltd., Downsview, Ontario (Kanada) Pendelschleifmaschine zum Schleifen von Knüppeln o.dgl
DE2208123A1 (de) * 1971-04-26 1972-11-16 Cincinnati Milacron Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio (V.St.A.) Steuergerät für eine Schleifmaschine
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DE2422940A1 (de) * 1974-05-11 1975-12-04 Waldrich Werkzeugmasch Vorrichtung zur beendigung der zustellbewegung eines rotierenden, von einer werkzeugspindel getragenen werkzeuges, insbesondere einer schleifscheibe
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CH642897A5 (en) * 1978-07-11 1984-05-15 Mo Z Shlifovalnykh Stankov Control device for the advancement of the operating member of a grinding machine
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018206455A1 (fr) * 2017-05-11 2018-11-15 Walter Maschinenbau Gmbh Machine de ponçage et/ou d'usinage par électro-érosion, ainsi que procédé servant à mesurer et/ou à référencer la machine
CN110582375A (zh) * 2017-05-11 2019-12-17 沃尔特机器制造有限责任公司 研磨和/或腐蚀机，以及测定和/或核对机器的方法
TWI788350B (zh) * 2017-05-11 2023-01-01 德商華爾特機械製造公司 工具機及用於該工具機測量的方法
AU2018265182B2 (en) * 2017-05-11 2023-11-02 Walter Maschinenbau Gmbh Grinding and/or Erosion Machine, as well as Method for Gauging and/or Referencing of the Machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0304907A3 (fr) 1989-12-27
US4947015A (en) 1990-08-07
JPS6464776A (en) 1989-03-10
DE3728390A1 (de) 1989-03-09

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