EP0298996A1 - Process and installation for air conditioning of rooms. - Google Patents
Process and installation for air conditioning of rooms.Info
- Publication number
- EP0298996A1 EP0298996A1 EP87906063A EP87906063A EP0298996A1 EP 0298996 A1 EP0298996 A1 EP 0298996A1 EP 87906063 A EP87906063 A EP 87906063A EP 87906063 A EP87906063 A EP 87906063A EP 0298996 A1 EP0298996 A1 EP 0298996A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- room
- fresh air
- air
- heat exchanger
- ceiling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
- F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
- F24F11/76—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by means responsive to temperature, e.g. bimetal springs
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for room air conditioning according to the preamble of claim 1, and an air conditioning device for carrying out the method, with olumen-controlled fresh air anal, with air exchanger and exhaust air duct.
- Room air conditioning systems are intended to keep the room temperature at a uniform value which is perceived as comfortable, and on the other hand to ensure the fresh air supply.
- the air conditioning system must be able to compensate for different temperature changes in the rooms by means of various heat sources or heat losses.
- heat sources which heat the room during the period of use, on the one hand devices or machines come into question and on the other hand the persons staying in the rooms.
- heat radiation for example through glazed window surfaces, plays an important role in the heat balance of the individual rooms.
- the dismantling of the 'Wärmeübers ⁇ hadore generated by such dif ⁇ fusen sources is done using a geregelten- air exchange. So that the control process- - Windows can be kept closed in such buildings under defined conditions. Therefore, a fresh air supply must also be provided and integrated in the system so that used and partially contaminated room air can be replaced regularly.
- Known indoor climate devices contain e.g. a fresh air duct, which leads cool fresh air directly into the room compared to the room air.
- the fresh air has a temperature difference to the indoor air of several degrees Celsius.
- a volume or volume controller e.g. a valve flap provided in the inlet area to the air-conditioned rooms.
- Used air is returned from the room via an exhaust air duct.
- Laminar air exchangers or diffusers are also provided in operating rooms. In this application, considerable amounts of air are led into the room via large-area diffusers, so that a strong exchange of air quantities takes place without taking into account the dynamics of the room. Diffusers with laminar air outlet have so far not been used in general room air conditioning.
- a heat exchanger is installed upstream of the diffuser, which is attached in the ceiling area, so that in this case the fresh air entering the room from the diffuser has its original temperature gradient with respect to that Room air in the heat exchanger has already largely compensated.
- the fresh air entering the room itself in no way exerts a cooling or heating effect.
- This air serves practically exclusively for the supply of fresh air and is led into the room from above, largely laminar, from above via the diffuser. From there, the air distributes itself according to the room's own dynamics, that is to say according to the occurring and possibly changing circumstances, without strong and thus disruptive air currents being noticeable.
- Another " advantage of the calmed air flow in the room is the greatly improved purity of the room air.
- the contamination of the room air due to air turbulence and high flow velocity is reduced.
- the fresh air volume can preferably be controlled by temperature measurements in the area of the diffuser.
- the diffuser will be located near the volume controller, so that the installation is simple and cost-saving. No separate room thermostats or other sensors are required within the air-conditioned room. Additional features and further advantages of the invention result from the following description.
- FIG. 1 A block diagram illustrating an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows the schematic view of a room to be air-conditioned with the main components of the room air-conditioning device according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a top view of the room according to FIG. 1 with the arrangement of the heat exchangers in the ceiling area
- the air conditioning system is connected to a fresh air duct 1 and an exhaust air duct 2.
- a volume regulator 3 is arranged in the fresh air duct 1.
- the fresh air duct 1 and the exhaust air duct 2 are covered by an installation ceiling 4.
- a heat exchanger 5 can also be provided, which in the example is designed as a ceiling element. If only low temperature adaptation performance can be achieved, the separate heat exchanger can be dispensed with.
- the fresh air duct 1 is connected directly to the inlet fins 5A of the heat exchanger, which at the other end merge into the return fins 5B.
- the outputs of the return lamellae 5B lead in parallel to a diffuser 6, which allows the fresh air to enter the room from the ceiling downwards according to the arrows A as a laminar flow.
- the diffuser 6 is preferably arranged on a side of the room which is opposite a window or facade side 7 of the room. In larger rooms, the diffuser is preferably arranged in areas close to the passageway, that is, preferably not above work or lounge areas.
- FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of the heat exchanger, designed as a ceiling element, on the ceiling 8.
- the design of the inlet fins 5A and the return fins 5B as rectangular tubes and their mutual arrangement are direct recognizable on the ceiling 8.
- an average surface temperature of the ceiling is set, which is approximately equal to the average room temperature.
- the efficiency of the cooling fins can be increased by increasing the free surfaces inside the duct.
- the inlet fins 5A and the return fins 5B with small air exchange openings eg. B. be provided with slots 9, which accelerates the heat exchange process between the lamella wall and the ambient air surrounding the lamella in the vicinity of the heat exchanger.
- a type of micro flow is formed exclusively in the surface area of the lamellae. This improves the efficiency of the heat exchanger 6.
- Outgoing fins 5A of the heat exchanger 5 fresh air guided loses part of its temperature gradient with respect to the ambient air via the fins of the heat exchanger, which fins preferably consist of a metal or another good heat-conducting material. Also on their way back via the return slat 5B there is further heat potential from the fresh air ⁇ [released into the room air via the heat exchanger.
- the fresh air which is almost matched to the room air temperature in the manner described above is introduced into the room via the diffuser 6.
- the fresh air entering the room from the diffuser should differ by at most 1 degree C from the room temperature in the lounge area.
- the exit speed of the fresh air exiting the diffuser is of the order of 0.15 m / sec. It is therefore significantly lower than the exit velocity of the fresh air introduced into the room in conventional air conditioning systems, which is approximately 1 to 3 m / sec.
- the fresh air flowing out of the diffuser 6 flows down into the room, where it forms a supply of fresh air.
- the fresh air flows horizontally to the heat sources and warms them vertically to the ceiling, where it flows along the ceiling elements to an outlet 10 which merges into the exhaust air duct 2.
- a warm air flow directed upward results in a supply air flow which is branched off directly to the side from the fresh air flowing in from the diffuser 6. Larger flow rolls are formed which, however, cause practically no turbulence, but rather develop their own dynamics in the room, so that main flows are present in the room get supported. Such main flows are the fresh air flowing down from the diffuser 6, branches to diffuse heat sources, further the flow of the fresh air directed towards the facade, finally the upward flow supported in the facade area by natural heating via the windows and the back flow in the ceiling area along the heat exchanger 5 to the room air outlet 10. Despite the practically laminar introduction of fresh air into the room, there is a very good air exchange within the entire room. This is primarily due to the measures described with regard to optimal use of the room's own dynamics.
- the air conditioning can take place both in terms of cooling and for heating the room, or in quasi-isothermal operation for ventilation. In heating in particular, it can be expedient to supply separate warm air and fresh air streams to the system and to carry out a regulated air mixture of the two in the diffuser area.
- the mixing takes place in a bypass 20 to the heat exchanger 5, as indicated in FIG. 4. Fresh air is fed directly to the bypass at a low temperature of, for example, 12 degrees Celsius. Air, for example, is heated to 38 degrees C via the heat exchanger 5.
- the mixture is regulated to 21 degrees C, so that a room temperature of 22 degrees C is established.
- the control is carried out by a control valve 21 in the bypass 20, with a temperature sensor 22 in the area of the diffuser 6 a control device 23 cooperates and switches the motor 24 of the control valve 21 depending on the temperature.
- the combination of static cooling surfaces on the heat exchanger 5 with laminar air inlet via the diffuser 6 and the use of the dynamics for the fresh air supply to the room have one. low indoor air speed comparable to the non-air-conditioned room as well as a uniform indoor air temperature distribution in the lounge area.
- the system operates extremely quietly and can also be used at high heat loads, especially if the heat exchanger fins are provided with the aforementioned micro openings 9 to improve the heat exchange. Can be inside the room "no additional channels or piping is required.
- the amount of Wär ⁇ meleyerlamellen is the typical example, about 15 cm, so that the normal room height for pronouncekli ated spaces maintained virtually unchanged.
- the regulation of the fresh air supply via the volume controller 3 takes place with a view to a constant outlet temperature in the diffuser 6.
- the temperature of the primary air ie the fresh air supplied in the fresh air duct 1
- the exhaust air in the exhaust air duct 2 has a temperature of +27 degrees Celsius
- the room temperature is +24 Degrees Celsius.
- the difference in temperature between the primary air and the exhaust air is 15 degrees Celsius here.
- in currently used air conditioning systems with direct introduction of the cooled fresh air into the room with a differential temperature of max. 8-10 degrees worked, which has a greater air turbulence and thus a higher flow speed in the area and thus the unpleasant disturbing side effects.
- the desired outlet temperature and thus room temperature is determined by an automatic volume flow adjustment, i.e. achieved by a temperature-volume cascade control.
- the temperature transducer leading the system possibly with a measuring transducer, is integrated in the laminar flow diffuser 6.
- the control system works on the principle of a variable volume flow system "WS" ..
- the ceiling with its heat storage capacity can be incorporated directly into the heat exchange system. This has an additional stabilizing effect on the overall system and its control system and increases the efficiency of the heat exchange.
- the heat exchanger can also be arranged in other suitable areas of the room. It is also important in this case that the fresh air supplied via the fresh air duct 1 first passes through the heat exchanger and is only introduced into the room after it has warmed up to almost room temperature.
- a material with good heat conductivity e.g. offers a metal
- it can also be made of other materials, e.g. made of plastic.
- the use of such air conditioning is not limited to the aforementioned office or business premises.
- the described device can also be used with advantage in test laboratories or production rooms in which a balanced climate, in particular constant temperatures, is required.
Abstract
Le procédé comprend un réglage du volume d'air frais admis dans le local et l'évacuation de l'air intérieur vicié contenu dans les couches d'air supérieures du local. De l'air frais approximativement isotherme au local est introduit dans le local de façon laminaire à partir du plafond (8). La vitesse d'écoulement de l'air frais admis favorise l'apparition d'écoulements partiels dynamiques propres au local. De préférence, l'air frais dans la région du plafond est admis près des murs intérieurs du local qui sont situés en face de murs de façade (7). Un régulateur de débit (3) est commandé à partir de la température mesurée dans le diffuseur laminaire (6). Le conduit d'admission de l'air frais est muni de préférence d'un échangeur de chaleur (5) à la suite duquel se trouve un diffuseur (6). L'air frais ayant presque atteint la température du local dans l'échangeur de chaleur s'écoule dans le local de haut en bas et de façon largement laminaire. Le confort de cette climatisation est donc considérablement amélioré grâce au fait que la température de l'air du local est adaptée à l'aide de l'airfrais dans l'échangeur de chaleur (5) et que l'air frais isotherme est admis dans le local à une vitesse basse.The method includes adjusting the volume of fresh air admitted into the room and removing the stale indoor air contained in the upper air layers of the room. Fresh air approximately insulated to the room is introduced into the room in a laminar way from the ceiling (8). The flow speed of the fresh air admitted favors the appearance of dynamic partial flows specific to the room. Preferably, the fresh air in the region of the ceiling is admitted near the interior walls of the room which are located opposite the front walls (7). A flow regulator (3) is controlled from the temperature measured in the laminar diffuser (6). The fresh air intake duct is preferably provided with a heat exchanger (5) after which there is a diffuser (6). The fresh air which has almost reached the room temperature in the heat exchanger flows in the room from top to bottom and in a largely laminar fashion. The comfort of this air conditioning is therefore considerably improved thanks to the fact that the room air temperature is adjusted using fresh air in the heat exchanger (5) and that isothermal fresh air is admitted into the room at a low speed.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH3933/86A CH672833A5 (en) | 1986-09-30 | 1986-09-30 | |
CH3933/86 | 1986-09-30 | ||
PCT/CH1987/000129 WO1988002464A1 (en) | 1986-09-30 | 1987-09-30 | Process and installation for air conditioning of rooms |
CA000551165A CA1324021C (en) | 1986-09-30 | 1987-11-05 | Method and apparatus for the air conditioning of rooms |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0298996A1 true EP0298996A1 (en) | 1989-01-18 |
EP0298996B1 EP0298996B1 (en) | 1994-07-06 |
Family
ID=25671575
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87906063A Expired - Lifetime EP0298996B1 (en) | 1986-09-30 | 1987-09-30 | Process and installation for air conditioning of rooms |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0298996B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2509652B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1324021C (en) |
CH (1) | CH672833A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3750179D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1988002464A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4015665C3 (en) * | 1990-05-16 | 1995-06-01 | Schmidt Reuter | Air conditioning system for multi-room buildings |
DE4308968C1 (en) * | 1993-03-22 | 1994-07-14 | Schmidt Reuter | Cooling ceiling with air plenum chamber |
DE4308969C1 (en) * | 1993-03-22 | 1994-07-28 | Schmidt Reuter | Cooling ceiling with inlet channel |
CH711401B1 (en) | 2015-08-03 | 2019-05-15 | Erne Ag Holzbau | Concrete composite element for a ceiling element for room temperature control of a lounge. |
GB2558625B (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2020-01-01 | Sporting Edge Uk Ltd | An air conditioning assembly |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE915386C (en) * | 1941-07-30 | 1954-07-22 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Air flow in air conditioning systems, especially for large rooms |
CH459512A (en) * | 1966-07-05 | 1968-07-15 | Sulzer Ag | Method and device for introducing supply air |
FR2126601A5 (en) * | 1971-02-12 | 1972-10-06 | Govignon Fernand | |
DE2222691A1 (en) * | 1972-05-09 | 1973-11-22 | Aschenbrenner Fa Franz | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DEHUMIDIFYING ANIMAL TUBES |
DE2462078A1 (en) * | 1974-05-17 | 1975-11-20 | Heinz Eichholz | Stale air shaft for stable air conditioner - providing minimum air flow rate to avoid smells |
CH600254A5 (en) * | 1976-05-21 | 1978-06-15 | Kicon Ag | Multi-storey building air conditioning system |
GB2029004A (en) * | 1978-08-19 | 1980-03-12 | Downing J | Ventilated roof |
NL7902350A (en) * | 1979-03-26 | 1980-09-30 | Schellens Werktuigenbouw B V | VENTILATION DEVICE. |
US4334577A (en) * | 1980-01-11 | 1982-06-15 | George Robert M | Ventilating system for livestock houses |
GB2155170B (en) * | 1984-03-05 | 1987-06-03 | Waterloo Grille Company Limite | Adjustable ventilators |
-
1986
- 1986-09-30 CH CH3933/86A patent/CH672833A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1987
- 1987-09-30 JP JP62505587A patent/JP2509652B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-09-30 DE DE3750179T patent/DE3750179D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-09-30 EP EP87906063A patent/EP0298996B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-09-30 WO PCT/CH1987/000129 patent/WO1988002464A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1987-11-05 CA CA000551165A patent/CA1324021C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8802464A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3750179D1 (en) | 1994-08-11 |
EP0298996B1 (en) | 1994-07-06 |
JPH01501335A (en) | 1989-05-11 |
CH672833A5 (en) | 1989-12-29 |
CA1324021C (en) | 1993-11-09 |
WO1988002464A1 (en) | 1988-04-07 |
JP2509652B2 (en) | 1996-06-26 |
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