EP0298383B1 - Container for storage and transportation of loose material, such as rubble, garbage, industrial waste and the like - Google Patents

Abstract

The container is equipped with fittings (4) for setting down and picking up by means of an exchange apparatus installed on a motor vehicle. The container is composed of a box-shaped bottom part (1) which is open at the top and at least one box-frame top part (2) which can be detachably connected to said bottom part. The fittings (4) are arranged on the bottom part (1) of the container so that the latter can also be used on its own as an exchange container. Its holding capacity can be increased by the top part (2). The bottom part (1) of the container and the box-frame top parts (2) have connection elements (8, 9) which can be brought reciprocally into effective connection. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to an interchangeable container for receiving and transporting loose goods, such as building rubble, garbage, industrial waste and the like, which is equipped with fittings for depositing and receiving by means of an interchangeable device installed on a motor vehicle.

Swap bodies are box-shaped or trough-shaped "containers", which are usually set up empty where appropriate goods are obtained and then transported back as soon as they are filled. In particular, swap bodies are also used to collect recyclable materials, e.g. Glass, waste paper and especially industrial waste. It often happens that aggressive substances, namely salts, acids or the like, also get into the swap bodies, because these e.g. are contained in the substances to be collected or are still adhering to or mixed with the goods to be collected.

The swap bodies are made of steel. Steel is relatively susceptible to corrosion, especially when it comes into contact with aggressive media. However, this can hardly be avoided in the above-described uses of such containers. The swap bodies must therefore be protected against corrosion by appropriate coatings. However, one is relatively known sensitive and therefore not durable plastic coating, which is mostly formed from applied paint colors. It is also known to galvanize the containers. Galvanizing is a well-proven permanent protection against corrosion; is, however, limited to use with swap bodies with relatively small dimensions. This has to do with the fact that only so-called hot-dip galvanizing is actually possible, which however requires the entire container to be immersed in a zinc bath. However, the capacity of common zinc baths in galvanizing plants is no longer sufficient for galvanizing larger swap bodies.

Although it is known to galvanize as well, such a galvanizing process also requires suitably dimensioned immersion baths and, furthermore, is hardly an option for galvanizing swap bodies made of steel, because it requires expensive pretreatment of the surfaces of the swap bodies.

A so-called spray galvanizing, which would also be possible, in turn has the disadvantage that, in addition to the relatively high outlay in equipment and plant, labor-intensive work for the pretreatment, the spray galvanizing itself and for the control or reworking of areas which are not sufficiently coated is required. In addition, spray galvanizing often tends to adhere poorly to the corresponding substrates than is the case with hot-dip galvanizing of the same substrates.

The invention has for its object to design swap bodies with a larger capacity so that hot-dip galvanizing is possible.

A swap body created to solve this task is characterized in that it is composed of an open top box-like container lower part and at least one detachably connectable box frame attachment part and that the lower part of the container and the box frame attachment parts have mutually operable connecting elements. The connecting elements include receptacles which are engaged by counter-organs arranged on the respective attached part, as well as at least one actuatable locking element. Each receptacle is a pocket which is open at the top, each counter-organ being designed as a projection which can be inserted into the pocket. The pockets are vertically aligned hollow profiles attached to the side wall of the parts, each of which is approximately flush with the upper longitudinal edge of the corresponding side wall. The counter-organs are projecting profiles arranged in the lower region of the respective attachment part, which engage in the cabbage profiles as soon as the parts are placed one above the other.

The lower part of the container and the box frame add-on part can be manufactured with dimensions that allow hot-dip galvanizing by dipping into appropriate baths with zinc melts. The separately galvanized parts can then be assembled into a container with a relatively large capacity, so that the advantages of hot-dip galvanizing can be used with swap bodies with a large capacity.

The fittings are particularly advantageously arranged on the lower part of the container, that is to say it is designed as a customary, known interchangeable container. This means that the lower part of the container has all the fittings of a conventional swap body with which it is possible to pick up, put down and relocate both the empty and filled lower part of the container. The lower part of the container can thus also be used alone as a swap body with a smaller capacity. By combining with box frame top parts, the capacity of the swap body consisting only of the lower part can then be increased as desired. For a company that manufactures swap bodies as well as for a user of the swap bodies, the combination options offer a variety of advantages. The manufacturing company can, for example, produce more economically, since it only has to produce and offer one type of swap body and also offers box frame attachments which are relatively easy to manufacture and which are adapted to the customer's requirements. For example, the user of the swap bodies can simplify the storage of the swap bodies to be made available to his customers and by combining the container bottom parts with appropriately designed and dimensioned box frame attachment parts, the customer can easily get swap bodies with the desired capacity.

Attachment parts of any size in the box height can thus be easily connected to the respective lower part of the container and put together to form an interchangeable container with the appropriate capacity. The locking elements can be known fittings. Of course, it is also possible to provide other connecting elements which fix and connect or lock the parts to be placed on one another in the end position. For example, plug fingers and plug shoes which can be brought into engagement with one another can be provided.

The attachment parts can be designed to be user-specific in a very simple manner with particular advantage. For example, for collecting "recyclable" material Attachment parts with openings in the side walls can be used. If there are transverse bulkheads, in particular in the lower part of the container, which divide the space of the lower part of the container into different chambers, different materials, for example different types of glass, can be thrown into the interchangeable container through the insertion openings and thus already sorted.

According to another, also particularly advantageous development, an attachment part designed as a hatch-like cover is provided. This attachment part can be placed directly on the box-like lower part of the container in order to close it or to protect the contents from the weather, which is particularly advantageous also in the case of dust-forming goods in the container. However, the attachment part designed as a lid can also be attached to an attachment part already combined with a lower container part, the connection of the attachment part designed as a hatch-like lid being effected by connecting elements of the same type, with which the other parts are also connected to one another.

The top part designed as a cover therefore has a profile frame with downwardly projecting counter-organs, hatch panels being slidably held in the profile frame.

For the purpose of simplified stacking of the parts using a customary for moving the swap body, which is usually built on a truck, each attachment part in the lower area, preferably at the rear end, can also be fitted with sliding elements for sliding on the upper longitudinal edges of the adjacent part be provided. With the sliding elements, the part to be put on can be shifted on the upper longitudinal edge of the next lower part by means of the changing device until it is ready for assembly necessary position is reached and a mutual connection can be made using the actuatable connecting elements. To determine the position and for mutual locking, each longitudinal edge of each part can be provided with a locking stop which fixes the sliding element guided thereon in a predetermined placement end position. The locking stop can be, for example, a hook finger encompassing the sliding element from behind and from above, which prevents both further displacement movements and lifting movements when the swap body is tilted. The hook finger can be designed as a part welded onto the longitudinal edge in a corresponding position. Instead of the hook finger, a locking stop can also be designed as a plug-in shoe which is engaged by a finger which protrudes when it is moved into the placement end position.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the interchangeable container, it is provided that the walls of the attachment part are individual plate-shaped plug-in walls, each of which has connecting elements. In the lower part of the container, a hollow profile serving as a connecting member can be attached outside in the area of the container corners. To increase the volume of the lower part of the container, plug-in walls can then be plugged on, which consist of plates whose outer vertical edges are formed by profiles which can be inserted with a lower end in a form-fitting manner into the hollow profiles on the lower part of the container. The user of the swap body can thus put together a swap body of any desired capacity with different plug-in walls.

A cross connection of the plug-in walls, in particular in the open area of the container front, for example in the area of the rear wall, can be achieved by means of attached cross-members which are attached to the plug-in walls. It is particularly advantageous however, a cross connection of the plug-in walls by plug-in yoke traverses designed as attachment parts. The yoke traverses can be equipped with corresponding counter-organs which engage in the hollow profiles of the plug-in walls from above. The yoke traverses can also be part of an upper cover and can also be replaced by the above-described top part designed as a hatch-like cover.

Swap bodies have rear walls for easier unloading, which are designed as hinged opening flaps. Actuable closures are provided with which the flaps can be locked or unlocked. Normally, the opening flaps can be swiveled like door leaves and hinged to the long side walls of the containers. In the swap body according to the invention, the rear walls of the attachment parts are also designed as corresponding opening flaps, with each opening flap expediently having two door flaps. In such an embodiment, the door flaps standing one above the other when the lower container part and the top part are placed on top of one another have a driver element in common, so that both door flaps and thus the entire rear wall can be opened or closed evenly.

The closures of the lower part of the container and the top part, the design of which is known per se, can be connected to one another by a coupling. The clutch can e.g. again be a positive connection, which connects the operable lever linkage or the like of the closures when the attachment part is placed on the container base, thereby ensuring that the opening flaps of the container base and attachment part can be locked or unlocked together.

However, it is also possible for the rear wall of the attachment part to be closed by a single opening flap, which is preferably designed as a transverse flap. In such an embodiment, the cross flap is articulated on an upper cross-member of the attachment part, on a plug-in yoke cross-member or on a further attachment part designed as a cover.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Wechselbehälters, der aus einem Behälterunterteil und einem Kastenrahmen-Aufsatzteil zusammengesetzt ist,

Fig. 2

die Seitenansicht eines Wechselbehälters entsprechend Fig. 1, jedoch mit einer anderen Ausführung der Verbindungselemente,

Fig. 3

eine weitere Seitenansicht eines Wechselbehälters mit einer besonderen Ausgestaltung des Kastenrahmen-Aufsatzteils und einem aufgesetzten Deckelteil,

Fig. 4

eine schematische Schnittansicht entlang der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 3 durch das Deckenteil in Fig. 3,

Fig. 5

eine Ansicht auf die Rückwände eines aus Behälterunterteil und Aufsatzteil zusammengesetzten Wechselbehälters gemäß einer anderen Ausführungsform,

Fig. 6

eine Teilansicht des oberen Bereichs einer Rückwand des Aufsatzteils in einer gegenüber der Ausführung gemäß Fig. 5 abweichenden Ausgestaltung,

Fig. 7

eine Rückansicht eines Wechselbehälters gemäß Fig. 5, mit einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Rückwand des Aufsatzteils und

Fig. 8

eine Teilansicht des oberen Bereichs der Rückwand des Aufsatzteils gemäß Fig. 7 in einer Fig. 6 entsprechenden Ausgestaltung.

Exemplary embodiments are shown in the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

2 shows a schematic side view of an interchangeable container which is composed of a container lower part and a box frame attachment part,

Fig. 2

the side view of a swap body according to FIG. 1, but with a different embodiment of the connecting elements,

Fig. 3

2 shows a further side view of a swap body with a special configuration of the box frame attachment part and an attached cover part,

Fig. 4

3 shows a schematic sectional view along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3 through the ceiling part in FIG. 3,

Fig. 5

1 shows a view of the rear walls of an interchangeable container composed of a lower part of the container and a top part according to another embodiment,

Fig. 6

5 shows a partial view of the upper region of a rear wall of the attachment part in a configuration that differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 5,

Fig. 7

5, with a further embodiment of the rear wall of the attachment part and

Fig. 8

a partial view of the upper region of the rear wall of the top part according to FIG. 7 in an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 6.

In Fig. 1, a swap body is shown in side view, which is composed of an open box-like container lower part 1 and a detachably connected box frame attachment part 2.

The lower part of the container can also be used alone as an interchangeable container. On its front wall 3 there is a fitting 4, in which the hook of an exchange device can engage. On the side walls 5 of the lower container part and on the walls 6 of the top part 2 mutually operable connecting elements are arranged, of which the connecting elements 8 and 9 are visible in FIG. 1. Each connecting element comprises a receptacle 10, as well as counter organs 11 arranged here on the top part 2. Each receptacle 10 is a pocket which is open at the top and each counter organ 11 is a projection which can be inserted into the pocket. Each pocket consists of an externally attached, vertically aligned hollow profile which is approximately flush with the upper longitudinal edge 12 of the corresponding side wall 5.

Of course, the box frame attachment part can be equipped with similar receptacles 10 ', whereby a further attachment part 31 can be placed on the attachment part 2.

The fitting 4 can also be used as a connecting element in that it is combined with a locking element 13, as shown in FIG. 2, which shows a different design of the connecting elements for connecting the lower container part 1 and the box frame attachment part 2. The same components are labeled with the same reference numbers. In this embodiment, the locking element 13 consists of a pawl 14 which engages a clamping bolt 15 with which the box frame attachment part 2 is equipped in its front region.

In the rear area, the box frame attachment part 2 in turn has a counter-member 11, which is designed here as a block protruding from the attachment part 2 and also serving as a sliding element, which lies on the longitudinal edge 12 of the side wall 5 of the lower container part 1. 16 designates a locking stop designed as a hook finger, which engages around the counter-member 11 designed as a block from behind and from above, as a result of which the lower container part 1 and the top part 2 are locked together.

In Fig. 3 an interchangeable container is shown, which, in accordance with FIGS. 1 and 2, in turn consists of a lower container part 1 and a box frame attachment part 2.

In this embodiment, the box frame attachment part 2 is provided with insertion openings 17. In addition, as already mentioned, the attachment part is also provided with receptacles, which are designated here by 10 '. In these recordings 10 'engage counter-organs 11' of a further attachment part 31, which is designed here as a hatch-like cover and has a profile frame 117, in which hatch panels are slidably held, of which only the hatch plate 19 is visible here. A second hatch plate is covered by the profile frame 117.

4 shows a section along the line IV-IV through the upper region of the attachment part 2 with another attachment part 3 placed thereon. The profile frame 117 has an E-shaped profile, which can be formed, for example, by assembling two U-profiles. This creates two longitudinal guides in which hatch panels 19 and 20 are guided with respectively assigned side rollers 21 and 22. By moving the hatch panels 19 and 20, the swap body can be opened or closed.

Fig. 4 also shows how the counter-organs 11 'engage in the receptacles 10', wherein a simple locking can also be carried out by inserting locking bolts, as indicated by the dash-dotted lines 23.

5 shows a view of the rear walls of an interchangeable container composed of the lower part of the container and the top part according to another embodiment. The lower part of the container again has connecting receptacles 10 serving as connecting elements, into which rolling elements 33 can be inserted from below, with which the lower part of the container and thus the entire swap body can be stacked on an underneath swap body. The receptacles 10 are simultaneously formed as hinges with which door flaps 25 and 25 ', which form the rear wall of the lower container part 1 as opening flaps 24, are pivotably articulated.

The attachment part 2 essentially consists of walls which extend as plate-like parts between hollow profiles 34 arranged at the ends and also serving as connecting elements. Each hollow profile 34 is equipped at the bottom with a counter element 11 and is formed in the upper region as a receptacle 10 'for counter elements 11' of further attachment parts. The walls of the attachment part can thus be plugged onto the lower container part 1. The upper cross connection is made either by a yoke cross member 32, which takes over the transverse stiffening of the inserted walls of the attachment part by means of the counter-organs 11 'or by fixed cross members 35, as shown in Fig. 6.

Just like the lower part of the container, the top part is provided with its rear wall-forming door flaps 26 and 26 ', which are hinged to the hollow profiles 34 with hinges 36 indicated here. With 28 a closure is designated, which is in the same design and designated 28 ', also on the door flaps 26 and 26' of the attachment part 2 is present. With 37, a coupling for connecting the closure 28 of the lower container part 1 with the closure 28 'of the attachment part is designated, which is designed as a simple form-fitting or plug-in coupling.

So that door flaps located one above the other move together when closing or opening the assembled interchangeable container, a driver element 30 is provided which, for example, adjoins the adjacent edges of the corresponding door flaps. may include fork-like.

In Fig. 7 is a rear view of an interchangeable container is shown, in which the rear wall of the attachment part 2 is replaced by a door flap 26 and 26 'in Fig. 5 replacing one-piece cross flap 27. The cross flap 27 is articulated with hinges 36 'on a yoke cross member 32 designed as an attachment part. The lower edge 39 of the transverse flap 27 extends in the closed state of the swap body over the upper edge 38 of the two door flaps 25 and 25 ', which form the rear wall 7 (Fig. 3) of the lower container part 1. The lower edge 39 of the transverse flap 27 is indicated by a dashed line. In this embodiment, a closure 28 for the door flaps 25 and 25 'of the lower container part is sufficient for closing the assembled interchangeable container, since, when the container is full, the container contents the transverse flap 27 with its lower edge 39 from the inside against the closed door flaps 25 and 25' of Bottom part of the container presses.

An upper region of the attachment part 2 according to FIG. 7 is shown again in FIG. 8. In this embodiment, the crossbar is replaced by a crossbar 35 to which the cross flap 27 is articulated.

Claims (15)

1. A skip for receiving and transporting loose material, such as building waste, refuse, industrial waste and the like, which is equipped with fixtures (4) for depositing and receiving the skip using a changing device installed on an automobile, characterised in that the skip is formed from a box-like lower container element (1) open at the top and at least one box frame attachment (2, 31) releasably connectable with the lower container element, the lower container element (1) and the box-frame attachments (2, 31) comprise connecting elements (8, 9) which can be brought into a reciprocal working connection, receiving members (10, 10') in which counter members (11, 11') arranged on the respective superimposed attachment (2, 31) engage, and at least one operable locking element (13), each receiving member (10, 10') being a pocket, which is open at the top and is formed by a vertically arranged hollow profile attached to the outside of the walls (5, 6) of the container and attachments (1, 2), which in each case ends approximately flush with the upper longitudinal edge (12) of the corresponding walls (5, 6) and each counter member (11, 11') is a projection insertable in the pocket.
2. A skip according to claim 1, characterised in that the fixtures are arranged on the lower container element.
3. A skip according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the walls (6) of the attachments (2) comprise charging openings (17).
4. A skip according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that an attachment (31) designed as a hatch-like lid is provided.
5. A skip according to claim 4, characterised in that the attachment (31) designed as a lid comprises a profile frame (117) with downwardly projecting counter members (11') and hatch plates (19, 20) are displaceably held in the profile frame (117).
6. A skip according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that each attachment (2, 31) is provided in the lower region preferably at the rear end with slide elements for displacing and supporting on upper longitudinal edges (12) of the respective underlying element (1).
7. A ship according to claim 6, characterised in that each longitudinal edge (12) of each element (1, 2) comprises at least one locking abutment (16) locking the slide element supported on the longitudinal edge in a predetermined attached end position.
8. A skip according to claim 7, characterised in that each locking abutment (16) is a hook finger engaging around the slide element from behind and from above.
9. A skip according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the walls (6) of each attachment (2) are individual plate-shaped detachable walls, which are provided in each case with connecting elements (11, 10', 11') for connecting with the lower container element (1) or a further attachment (31).
10. A skip according to claim 9, characterised in that detachable yoke traverses (32) designed as attachments are provided for cross connections of the detachable walls.
11. A skip according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the rear walls (7, 18) of the lower container element (1) and attachment (2) are designed as articulated opening flaps (24) and at least one of the opening flaps is provided with an operable seal (28).
12. A skip according to claim 11, characterised in that the attachment (2) comprises a transverse flap (27) as an opening flap.
13. A skip according to one of claims 11 and/or 12, characterised in that each opening flap (24) comprises two door flaps (25, 25', 26, 26').
14. A skip according to claim 13, characterised in that, when an attachment (2) is positioned on the lower container element (1), respective superimposed door flaps (25, 26) have a common carrier element (30).
15. A ship according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterised in that a coupling is provided for connecting the seal (28) of the lower container element (1) with the seal (28') of the attachment (2).

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