EP0296161B1 - Process and device for feeding tree-trunks to a processing machine - Google Patents

Process and device for feeding tree-trunks to a processing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0296161B1
EP0296161B1 EP87901480A EP87901480A EP0296161B1 EP 0296161 B1 EP0296161 B1 EP 0296161B1 EP 87901480 A EP87901480 A EP 87901480A EP 87901480 A EP87901480 A EP 87901480A EP 0296161 B1 EP0296161 B1 EP 0296161B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
trunk
tree trunk
processing machine
tree
centring
Prior art date
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EP87901480A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0296161A1 (en
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Maschinenfabrik "Gatterlinck" Gmbh & Co.Kg Gebruder Linck
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Gebrueder Linck GmbH and Co KG Gatterlinck Maschinen Fabrik
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Gebrueder Linck GmbH and Co KG Gatterlinck Maschinen Fabrik
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Priority to AT87901480T priority Critical patent/ATE49152T1/en
Publication of EP0296161A1 publication Critical patent/EP0296161A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27C—PLANING, DRILLING, MILLING, TURNING OR UNIVERSAL MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
    • B27C5/00—Machines designed for producing special profiles or shaped work, e.g. by rotary cutters; Equipment therefor
    • B27C5/08—Rounding machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B25/00—Feeding devices for timber in saw mills or sawing machines; Feeding devices for trees
    • B27B25/02—Feeding devices for timber in saw mills or sawing machines; Feeding devices for trees with feed and pressure rollers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for feeding tree trunks to a processing machine by means of centering elements that can be fed symmetrically to the feed center line of the processing machine, wherein several opposing guide surfaces are milled on the tree trunk before entry into the processing machine and immediately afterwards engage with guide elements.
  • Tree trunks that are broken down in processing machines, such as sawing machines and profile cutting machines, into beams, squared timber, boards and, if applicable, useful chips, must be fed to the processing machine in a straight line, whereby the feed center line should be as close as possible to the center line of the tree trunk in order to ensure optimal wood utilization enable.
  • processing machines such as sawing machines and profile cutting machines
  • the feed center line should be as close as possible to the center line of the tree trunk in order to ensure optimal wood utilization enable.
  • swiveling movements of the tree trunk must be largely avoided, otherwise the cuts will not be straight.
  • the tree trunks are picked up for this purpose in the central area and at the end by centrally adjustable collets, which are each carried by slides that can be moved along a rail.
  • the tree trunk that is picked up in this way is fed to milling machines, and the machining surfaces are milled, on which the tree trunk is then guided by guide rollers.
  • the middle collet opens; the tree trunk is then guided between the guide rollers and with the rear collet.
  • the tree trunk, which is guided and partially processed in this way is fed to a processing device in which the outer surface of the trunk is milled cylindrically. On this cylindrical surface there is a further support, while the tree trunk, which is machined on all sides, is fed to several feed rollers, which are arranged at the inlet of a subsequent processing machine, for example a saw.
  • the structure of the device required for this known method is relatively complicated.
  • the longitudinally movable carriages carrying the collets must first be returned to their starting position and loaded after they have passed through a tree trunk before they can feed the next tree trunk. This limits the possible working speed.
  • guide surfaces In order to enable the tree trunk to be guided precisely at the inlet of the processing machine, guide surfaces have to be milled one after the other in two processing operations, namely to initially guide the start of the trunk and secondly to achieve the cylindrical outer surface before it enters the group of guide rollers in front of the processing machine.
  • the invention is also intended to provide an advantageous device for performing this method.
  • This object is achieved in that a plurality of groups of at least partially drivable centering rollers arranged one behind the other in the direction of movement of the tree trunks are controlled during the feeding of a tree trunk in such a way that the centering rollers of the groups passed through from the start and the end of the trunk are fed symmetrically while the centering rollers of the other groups remain in their retracted or relieved position.
  • the individual groups of centering rollers remain stationary in the method according to the invention.
  • the forward-moving tree trunk only those points move where the centering rollers support the tree trunk symmetrically to its center line. This support takes place at the end of the trunk during the entire feeding process, i. H. all groups of centering rollers that are passed through one after the other from the trunk end support and support the trunk end.
  • the beginning of the trunk is only supported and guided by the groups of centering rolls that have passed through until it is inserted into the device which mills the guide surfaces, which are then supported by the guide elements immediately afterwards.
  • the tree trunk can be fed to the processing machine, for example a saw, immediately afterwards and without the need to pick it up again between guide rollers.
  • the entire workflow can be done continuously, as one at the end of the trunk is forward tree trunk can directly connect the beginning of the trunk of a subsequent tree trunk. This enables a very high working speed.
  • centering rollers for feeding tree trunks to processing machines, which are fed centrally from opposite sides (DE-A-16 28 866).
  • the centering rollers are arranged in two fixed groups through which the tree trunk passes. If the tree trunk is curved, it will swivel.
  • the tree trunk is guided along its lower surface line, so that generally no central alignment with the feed center line of the processing machine is possible
  • the feed device shown in the drawing has a chain bed 2 which can be raised and driven on parallel link 1 and on which a tree trunk 3 to be processed is conveyed up.
  • a sensing roller 4 is arranged so as to be vertically movable, which is connected to a measuring device (not shown).
  • a signal given by the sensing roller 4 shows that the center of the tree trunk 2 is approximately in the feed center line.
  • the chain bed 2 is held at this altitude, while the tree trunk 3 is transported on.
  • the tree trunk 3 passes through a plurality of groups 5-10 of centering rollers 11 arranged one behind the other, each of which can be fed symmetrically to the feed center line 12.
  • FIG. 5 shows that each group 5-10 of centering rolls 11 has two centering rolls 11 lying opposite each other in pairs.
  • the centering rollers 11, which can be driven individually by drive motors 13, are each mounted on a swivel arm 14, which is in each case attached to a swivel shaft 15.
  • the pivot shafts 15 of opposing centering rollers 11 are connected to one another via crank arms 16 and a common link 17.
  • a pressure medium-actuated cylinder 18 drives the centering rollers 11, which are connected to one another in this way, symmetrically to the feed center line 12 for opposite feed movements (FIG. 6).
  • a control device receives a signal indicating the respective position of the start and end of the trunk.
  • This signal can be provided, for example, by several light barriers (not shown) which are arranged along the path of the tree trunk 3. Instead of this, it is also possible, after a starting position of the tree trunk 3 has been recorded by a computer, to determine the respective position of the trunk beginning and the trunk end.
  • the control device controls the cylinders 18 for the infeed movement of the centering rollers in such a way that the centering rollers 11 of the group 5-10 located at the start and end of the trunk are each delivered, while the other centering rollers 11 in their outwardly retracted position disengage from the Tree trunk 3 are located.
  • centering rollers 11 of group 8 have been delivered at the beginning of the trunk.
  • the centering rollers of group 10 are also still being delivered; they lead the stem end of the previous stem.
  • the centering rollers of group 5 are delivered because they take over the tree trunk 3 from the chain bed 2.
  • the tree trunk 3 In the position shown in FIG. 3, the tree trunk 3 is received between the centering rollers 11 of the foremost group 10 at the beginning of the trunk and between the centering rollers 11 of the rearmost group 5 at the end of the trunk. In this position, the tree trunk enters a processing station 19 in which a plurality of mutually opposite cutters 20 on the tree trunk 3 mill opposite guide surfaces 21 (FIG. 4). Immediately after passing through the milling cutters 20, these guide surfaces 21 are supported and guided on guide bodies 22.
  • the tree trunk 3 enters a processing machine 23 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, has a group of circular saws 24 through which the tree trunk is broken down into squared timber and / or boards. While the tree trunk is running through the processing machine 23, it is guided immediately beforehand through the guide body 22 and at its end of the trunk through the centering rollers 11 delivered there.
  • a processing machine 23 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, has a group of circular saws 24 through which the tree trunk is broken down into squared timber and / or boards.
  • the milling cutters 20 can also be arranged and designed such that they mill four longitudinal edges on the tree trunk 3, which serve as guide surfaces for the subsequent guide bodies 22 and which at the same time form the edges of the side boards during the subsequent sawing process.
  • the tree trunk 3 is fed with the root end first.
  • the end of the braid forming the rear trunk end is straight in most cases, while the end of the root is very often curved on one side
  • the tree trunk 3 is thus centered at the straight end of the braid, while the leading end of the root has already been milled laterally at the beginning of the feeding process by the milling cutters 20.
  • the guide body 22 can be replaced by guide rollers if the forces occurring on the subsequent machining tools 24 are approximately balanced. At higher one-sided machining forces, the guide bodies 22 are more suitable for guidance and lateral support.
  • centering rollers 11 which each do not assume a guiding function for the tree trunk 3, have been withdrawn. Instead, it can also be provided that these centering rollers are only relieved; the centering rollers are then still on the tree trunk 3, but do not exert any significant lateral forces on the tree trunk and therefore do not have a guiding function.
  • centering rollers 11 in each group 5-10 can also be selected, for example three centering rollers 11 evenly distributed around the circumference of the tree trunk. It is also possible to center in only one plane , preferably to be carried out in the horizontal plane, only two opposite centering rollers 11 being provided in each group 5-10, while the tree trunk 3 lies and is transported on a chain bed, roller bed or a similar horizontal guide.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Sawing (AREA)
  • Feeding Of Workpieces (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The tree-trunks (3) to be fed to a processing machine (23) pass through several sequentially arranged sets (5-10) of centrally feedable centering rolls (11). During this operation, the centering rolls (11) which are located at the start and end of the trunk are brought into engagement with the trunk (3). Cutters (20) arranged downstream cut guide surfaces (21) on the tree trunk (3) on which the tree-trunk is then immediately supported and guided by guide elements (22).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Zuführen von Baumstämmen zu einer Bearbeitungsmaschine mittels jeweils symmetrisch zur Zuführ- Mittellinie der Bearbeitungsmaschine zustellbarer Zentrierelemente, wobei vor dem Einlauf in die Bearbeitungsmaschine mehrere einander gegenüberliegende Führungsflächen am Baumstamm gefräst werden und unmittelbar anschließend mit FQhrungselementen in Eingriff treten.The invention relates to a method for feeding tree trunks to a processing machine by means of centering elements that can be fed symmetrically to the feed center line of the processing machine, wherein several opposing guide surfaces are milled on the tree trunk before entry into the processing machine and immediately afterwards engage with guide elements.

Baumstämme, die in Bearbeitungsmaschinen, wie Sägemaschinen und Proflizerspanungsmaschinen, in Balken, Kantholz, Bretter und gegebenenfalls Nutzspäne zerlegt werden, müssen der Bearbeitungsmaschine geradlinig zugeführt werden, wobei die Zuführ-Mittellinie möglichst genau mit der Mittellinie des Baumstammes übereinstimmen soll, um eine optimale Holzausnutzung zu ermöglichen. Während des Zuführvorgangs müssen Schwenkbewegungen des Baumstammes weitestgehend ausgeschlossen werden, da anderenfalls die Schnitte nicht geradlinig verlaufen.Tree trunks that are broken down in processing machines, such as sawing machines and profile cutting machines, into beams, squared timber, boards and, if applicable, useful chips, must be fed to the processing machine in a straight line, whereby the feed center line should be as close as possible to the center line of the tree trunk in order to ensure optimal wood utilization enable. During the feeding process, swiveling movements of the tree trunk must be largely avoided, otherwise the cuts will not be straight.

Um eine solche geradlinige Zuführung von Baumstämmen zu einer Bearbeitungsmaschine zu ermöglichen, ist es bekannt, vorher Führungsflachen am Baumstamm zu fräsen, die geradlinig verlaufen und bei der Zuführung eine geradlinige Führung des Baumstammes an diesen Führungsflächen ermöglichen. Dadurch werden die Schwierigkeiten, die sich aus der konischen und üblicherweise gekrümmten Form der Außenflächen der Baumstämme ergeben, wenn diese Außenflächen als Führungsflächen benutzt werden, im unmittelbaren Bereich der Bearbeitungsmaschine zwar überwunden; tatsächlich werden diese Schwierigkeiten aber nur verlagert, weil auch zum Fräsen der Führungsflächen eine geradlinige und nach der Mittelachse des Baumstammes ausgerichtete Zuführung erfolgen muß.In order to enable such a straight supply of tree trunks to a processing machine, it is known to mill guide surfaces on the tree trunk beforehand, which run in a straight line and allow a straight guide of the tree trunk on these guide surfaces during the supply. As a result, the difficulties which arise from the conical and usually curved shape of the outer surfaces of the tree trunks when these outer surfaces are used as guide surfaces are overcome in the immediate area of the processing machine; in fact, these difficulties are only relocated because a straight feed line aligned with the central axis of the tree trunk must also be used to mill the guide surfaces.

Bei einem bekannten Verfahren (DE-C-29 21 458) werden die Baumstämme zu diesem Zweck jeweils im mittleren Bereich und am Ende von zentrisch zustellbaren Spannzangen aufgenommen, die jeweils von Schlitten getragen werden, die entlang einer Schiene verfahrbar sind. Der so aufgenommene Baumstamm wird Fräsem zugeführt, die Bearbeitungsflächen fräsen, an denen der Baumstamm anschließend von Führungsrollen geführt wird. Sobald der Anfang des Baumstammes von diesen Führungsrollen aufgenommen ist, öffnet sich die mittlere Spannzange ; die Führung des Baumstammes erfolgt dann zwischen den Führungsrollen und mit der hinteren Spannzange. Der so geführte und teilweise bearbeitete Baumstamm wird einer Bearbeitungseinrichtung zugeführt, in der die Stammaußenfläche zylindrisch gefräst wird. An dieser zylindrischen Fläche erfolgt eine weitere Abstützung, während der allseitig bearbeitete Baumstamm mehreren Vorschubwalzen zugeführt wird, die am Einlauf einer nachfolgenden Bearbeitungsmaschine, beispielsweise einer Säge, angeordnet sind.In a known method (DE-C-29 21 458), the tree trunks are picked up for this purpose in the central area and at the end by centrally adjustable collets, which are each carried by slides that can be moved along a rail. The tree trunk that is picked up in this way is fed to milling machines, and the machining surfaces are milled, on which the tree trunk is then guided by guide rollers. As soon as the beginning of the tree trunk is picked up by these guide rollers, the middle collet opens; the tree trunk is then guided between the guide rollers and with the rear collet. The tree trunk, which is guided and partially processed in this way, is fed to a processing device in which the outer surface of the trunk is milled cylindrically. On this cylindrical surface there is a further support, while the tree trunk, which is machined on all sides, is fed to several feed rollers, which are arranged at the inlet of a subsequent processing machine, for example a saw.

Der Aufbau der für dieses bekannte Verfahren erforderlichen Vorrichtung ist verhältnismäßig kompliziert. Die die Spannzangen tragenden, längsverfahrbaren Schlitten müssen nach dem Durchlauf eines Baumstammes erst in ihre Ausgangsposition zurückgefahren und beladen werden, bevor sie den nächsten Baumstamm zuführen können. Dadurch sind der möglichen Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit enge Grenzen gesetzt. Um eine genaue Führung des Baumstammes am Einlauf der Bearbeitungsmaschine zu ermöglichen, müssen bei dem bekannten Verfahren nacheinander in zwei Bearbeitungsvorgängen Führungsflächen gefräst werden, nämlich einmal zu der anfänglichen Führung des Stammanfangs und zum anderen zur Erzielung der zylindrischen Außenfläche vor dem Einlauf in die Gruppe von Führungswalzen vor der Bearbeitungsmaschine.The structure of the device required for this known method is relatively complicated. The longitudinally movable carriages carrying the collets must first be returned to their starting position and loaded after they have passed through a tree trunk before they can feed the next tree trunk. This limits the possible working speed. In order to enable the tree trunk to be guided precisely at the inlet of the processing machine, guide surfaces have to be milled one after the other in two processing operations, namely to initially guide the start of the trunk and secondly to achieve the cylindrical outer surface before it enters the group of guide rollers in front of the processing machine.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Gattung zu schaffen, das in einem raschen Arbeitsablauf und mit geringem Arbeits- und Bauaufwand eine genaue Zuführung der Baumstämme zu einer Bearbeitungsmaschine ermöglicht.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset which enables the logs to be fed precisely to a processing machine in a rapid workflow and with little labor and construction expenditure.

Mit der Erfindung soll außerdem eine vorteilhafte Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens geschaffen werden.The invention is also intended to provide an advantageous device for performing this method.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß mehrere in Bewegungsrichtung der Baumstämmme hintereinander angeordnete Gruppen von mindestens zum Teil antreibbaren Zentrierwalzen während der Zuführung eines Baumstammes in der Weise gesteuert werden, daß die Zentrierwalzen der jeweils vom Stammanfang und vom Stammende durchlaufenen Gruppen symmetrisch zugestellt werden, während die Zentrierwalzen der übrigen Gruppen in ihrer zurückgezogenen bzw. entlasteten Stellung bleiben.This object is achieved in that a plurality of groups of at least partially drivable centering rollers arranged one behind the other in the direction of movement of the tree trunks are controlled during the feeding of a tree trunk in such a way that the centering rollers of the groups passed through from the start and the end of the trunk are fed symmetrically while the centering rollers of the other groups remain in their retracted or relieved position.

Im Gegensatz zu mit dem Baumstamm mitlaufenden Spannzangen bleiben beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die einzelnen Gruppen von Zentrierwalzen ortsfest. Mit dem vorwärtsbewegten Baumstamm wandern nur die Stellen mit, an denen die Zentrierwalzen den Baumstamm symmetrisch zu seiner Mittellinie abstützen. Diese Abstützung erfolgt am Stammende während des gesamten Zuführvorgangs, d. h. alle nacheinander vom Stammende durchlaufenen Gruppen von Zentrierwalzen führen und stützen das Stammende. Der Stammanfang wird von den jeweils durchlaufenen Gruppen von Zentrierwalzen nur so lange gestützt und geführt, bis er in die Vorrichtung eingeführt wird, die die Führungsflächen anfräst, die unmittelbar anschließend von den Führungselementen gestützt werden.In contrast to collets running with the tree trunk, the individual groups of centering rollers remain stationary in the method according to the invention. With the forward-moving tree trunk, only those points move where the centering rollers support the tree trunk symmetrically to its center line. This support takes place at the end of the trunk during the entire feeding process, i. H. all groups of centering rollers that are passed through one after the other from the trunk end support and support the trunk end. The beginning of the trunk is only supported and guided by the groups of centering rolls that have passed through until it is inserted into the device which mills the guide surfaces, which are then supported by the guide elements immediately afterwards.

In dieser Zuführbewegung kann der Baumstamm unmittelbar anschließend und ohne die Notwendigkeit, ihn nochmals zwischen Führungswalzen aufzunehmen, der Bearbeitungsmaschine, beispielsweise einer Säge, zugeführt werden. Der gesamte Arbeitsablauf kann kontinuierlich erfolgen, da sich an das Stammende eines voranlaufenden Baumstammes unmittelbar der Stammanfang eines nachfolgenden Baumstammes anschließen kann. Dadurch wird eine sehr hohe Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit ermöglicht.In this feed movement, the tree trunk can be fed to the processing machine, for example a saw, immediately afterwards and without the need to pick it up again between guide rollers. The entire workflow can be done continuously, as one at the end of the trunk is forward tree trunk can directly connect the beginning of the trunk of a subsequent tree trunk. This enables a very high working speed.

Es ist zwar bekannt, zur Zuführung von Baumstämmen zu Bearbeitungsmaschinen Zentrierwalzen zu verwenden, die von gegenüberliegenden Seiten zentrisch zugestellt werden (DE-A-16 28 866). Hierbei sind die Zentrierwalzen aber in zwei ortsfesten Gruppen angeordnet, die der Baumstamm durchläuft. Wenn der Baumstamm gekrümmt ist, führt er dabei eine Schwenkbewegung aus.It is known to use centering rollers for feeding tree trunks to processing machines, which are fed centrally from opposite sides (DE-A-16 28 866). Here, the centering rollers are arranged in two fixed groups through which the tree trunk passes. If the tree trunk is curved, it will swivel.

Es ist außerdem bekannt, bei Zuführeinrichtungen zu Holzbearbeitungsmaschinen ein hebbares Rollenbett anzuordnen, das den Baumstamm trägt (DE-A-32 46 969).It is also known to arrange a liftable roller bed, which carries the tree trunk, in feed devices for woodworking machines (DE-A-32 46 969).

Hierbei wird der Baumstamm aber entlang seiner unteren Mantellinie geführt, so daß im allgemeinen keine zentrische Ausrichtung zur Zuführ- Mittellinie der Bearbeitungsmaschine möglich istIn this case, however, the tree trunk is guided along its lower surface line, so that generally no central alignment with the feed center line of the processing machine is possible

Der Gegenstand des Anspruchs 2 und der davon abhängigen Ansprüche 3-6 betrifft die Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The subject matter of claim 2 and dependent claims 3-6 relates to the device for performing the method.

Eine solche Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt :

  • Fig. 1 in einer Seitenansicht eine Vorrichtung zum Zuführen von Baumstämmen zu einer Säge,
  • Fig. 2-4 die Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1 in aufeinanderfolgenden Schritten des Zuführvorganges,
  • Fig. 5 einen vergrößerten Teilschnitt längs der Linie V-V in Fig. 4 und
  • Fig. 6 eine Teilansicht in Richtung des Pfeiles VI in Fig. 5.
Such a device for performing the method is explained in more detail in the following description and the drawing. It shows :
  • 1 is a side view of a device for feeding logs to a saw,
  • 2-4 the device according to FIG. 1 in successive steps of the feeding process,
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged partial section along the line VV in Fig. 4 and
  • 6 is a partial view in the direction of arrow VI in FIG. 5th

Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Zuführvorrichtung weist ein an Parallellenkem 1 anhebbar aufgenommenes und antreibbares Kettenbett 2 auf, auf dem ein zu bearbeitender Baumstamm 3 herangefördert wird. Über dem Abgabeende des Kettenbetts 2 ist eine Tastwalze 4 höhenbeweglich angeordnet, die mit einer (nicht dargestellten) Meßeinrichtung verbunden ist. Sobald ein Baumstamm 3 in der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Stellung auf dem Kettenbett 2 liegt, wird es angehoben, bis ein von der Tastwalze 4 gegebenes Signal erkennen läßt, daß sich die Mitte des Baumstammes 2 angenähert in der Zuführ-Mittellinie befindet. In dieser Höhenlage wird das Kettenbett 2 gehalten, während der Baumstamm 3 weitertransportiert wird. Wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt, durchläuft der Baumstamm 3 mehrere hintereinander angeordnete Gruppen 5-10 von Zentrierwalzen 11, die jeweils symmetrisch zur Zuführ-Mittellinie 12 zugestellt werden können.The feed device shown in the drawing has a chain bed 2 which can be raised and driven on parallel link 1 and on which a tree trunk 3 to be processed is conveyed up. Above the discharge end of the chain bed 2, a sensing roller 4 is arranged so as to be vertically movable, which is connected to a measuring device (not shown). As soon as a tree trunk 3 lies on the chain bed 2 in the position shown in FIG. 1, it is raised until a signal given by the sensing roller 4 shows that the center of the tree trunk 2 is approximately in the feed center line. The chain bed 2 is held at this altitude, while the tree trunk 3 is transported on. As shown in FIG. 2, the tree trunk 3 passes through a plurality of groups 5-10 of centering rollers 11 arranged one behind the other, each of which can be fed symmetrically to the feed center line 12.

Fig. 5 zeigt, daß jede Gruppe 5-10 von Zentrierwalzen 11 jeweils zwei paarweise gegenüberliegende Zentrierwalzen 11 aufweist. Die von Antriebsmotoren 13 einzeln antreibbaren Zentrierwalzen 11 sind jeweils an einem Schwenkarm 14 gelagert, der jeweils an einer Schwenkwelle 15 angebracht ist. Jeweils die Schwenkwellen 15 von einander gegenüberliegenden Zentrierwalzen 11 sind über Kurbelarme 16 und einen gemeinsamen Lenker 17 miteinander verbunden. Ein druckmittelbetätigter Zylinder 18 treibt die so miteinander verbundenen, gegenüberliegenden Zentrierwalzen 11 zu entgegengesetzten Zustellbewegungen symmetrisch zur Zuführmittellinie 12 an (Fig. 6).FIG. 5 shows that each group 5-10 of centering rolls 11 has two centering rolls 11 lying opposite each other in pairs. The centering rollers 11, which can be driven individually by drive motors 13, are each mounted on a swivel arm 14, which is in each case attached to a swivel shaft 15. In each case, the pivot shafts 15 of opposing centering rollers 11 are connected to one another via crank arms 16 and a common link 17. A pressure medium-actuated cylinder 18 drives the centering rollers 11, which are connected to one another in this way, symmetrically to the feed center line 12 for opposite feed movements (FIG. 6).

Eine (nicht dargestellte) Steuereinrichtung erhält ein die jeweilige Position des Stammanfangs und des Stammendes anzeigendes Signal. Dieses Signal kann beispielsweise von mehreren Lichtschranken (nicht dargestellt) geliefert werden, die entlang dem Weg des Baumstammes 3 angeordnet sind. Statt dessen ist es auch möglich, nach dem Erfassen einer Anfangsposition des Baumstammes 3 durch einen Rechner die jeweilige Position des Stammanfanges und des Stammendes zu ermitteln.A control device (not shown) receives a signal indicating the respective position of the start and end of the trunk. This signal can be provided, for example, by several light barriers (not shown) which are arranged along the path of the tree trunk 3. Instead of this, it is also possible, after a starting position of the tree trunk 3 has been recorded by a computer, to determine the respective position of the trunk beginning and the trunk end.

Die Steuereinrichtung steuert die Zylinder 18 für die Zustellbewegung der Zentrierwalzen in der Weise, daß jeweils die Zentrierwalzen 11 der am Stammanfang und am Stammende befindlichen Gruppe 5-10 zugestellt werden, während sich die übrigen Zentrierwalzen 11 in ihrer nach außen zurückgezogenen Stellung außer Eingriff mit dem Baumstamm 3 befinden.The control device controls the cylinders 18 for the infeed movement of the centering rollers in such a way that the centering rollers 11 of the group 5-10 located at the start and end of the trunk are each delivered, while the other centering rollers 11 in their outwardly retracted position disengage from the Tree trunk 3 are located.

. So erkennt man, daß in Fig. 2 die Zentrierwalzen 11 der Gruppe 8 am Stammanfang zugestellt sind. Auch die Zentrierwalzen der Gruppe 10 sind noch zugestellt; sie führen das Stammende des vorangehenden Stammes. Die Zentrierwalzen der Gruppe 5 sind zugestellt, weil sie den Baumstamm 3 vom Kettenbett 2 übernehmen.. It can thus be seen that in FIG. 2 the centering rollers 11 of group 8 have been delivered at the beginning of the trunk. The centering rollers of group 10 are also still being delivered; they lead the stem end of the previous stem. The centering rollers of group 5 are delivered because they take over the tree trunk 3 from the chain bed 2.

Bei der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Stellung ist der Baumstamm 3 zwischen den Zentrierwalzen 11 der vordersten Gruppe 10 am Stammanfang und zwischen den Zentrierwalzen 11 der hintersten Gruppe 5 am Stammende aufgenommen. In dieser Stellung tritt der Baumstamm in eine Bearbeitungsstation 19 ein, in der mehrere einander gegenüberliegende Fräser 20 am Baumstamm 3 gegenüberliegende Führungsflächen 21 fräsen (Fig.4). Unmittelbar nach Durchlaufen der Fräser 20 werden diese Führungsflächen 21 an Führungskörpem 22 angestützt und geführt.In the position shown in FIG. 3, the tree trunk 3 is received between the centering rollers 11 of the foremost group 10 at the beginning of the trunk and between the centering rollers 11 of the rearmost group 5 at the end of the trunk. In this position, the tree trunk enters a processing station 19 in which a plurality of mutually opposite cutters 20 on the tree trunk 3 mill opposite guide surfaces 21 (FIG. 4). Immediately after passing through the milling cutters 20, these guide surfaces 21 are supported and guided on guide bodies 22.

Unmittelbar danach tritt der Baumstamm 3 in eine Bearbeitungsmaschine 23 ein, die beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel eine Gruppe von Kreissägen 24 aufweist, durch die der Baumstamm in Kantholz und/oder Bretter zerlegt wird. Während der Baumstamm durch die Bearbeitungsmaschine 23 läuft, wird er unmittelbar vorher durch die Führungskörper 22 und an seinem Stammende durch die jeweils dort zugestellten Zentrierwalzen 11 geführt.Immediately thereafter, the tree trunk 3 enters a processing machine 23 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, has a group of circular saws 24 through which the tree trunk is broken down into squared timber and / or boards. While the tree trunk is running through the processing machine 23, it is guided immediately beforehand through the guide body 22 and at its end of the trunk through the centering rollers 11 delivered there.

Die Fräser 20 können auch so angeordnet und ausgeführt sein, daß sie am Baumstamm 3 vier längsverlaufende Kanten ausfräsen, die als Führungsflächen für die nachfolgenden Führungskörper 22 dienen und die beim nachfolgenden Sägevorgang zugleich die Kanten der Seitenbretter bilden.The milling cutters 20 can also be arranged and designed such that they mill four longitudinal edges on the tree trunk 3, which serve as guide surfaces for the subsequent guide bodies 22 and which at the same time form the edges of the side boards during the subsequent sawing process.

Wie aus der Zeichnung ersichtlich, wird der Baumstamm 3 mit dem Wurzelende voran zugeführt. Das das hintere Stammende bildende Zopfende ist in den meisten Fällen gerade, während das Wurzelende sehr häufig einseitig gekrümmt ist Die Zentrierung des Baumstammes 3 erfolgt somit am geraden Zopfende, während das voranlaufende Wurzelende schon zu Beginn des Zuführvorganges durch die Fräser 20 seitlich abgefräst wurde.As can be seen from the drawing, the tree trunk 3 is fed with the root end first. The end of the braid forming the rear trunk end is straight in most cases, while the end of the root is very often curved on one side The tree trunk 3 is thus centered at the straight end of the braid, while the leading end of the root has already been milled laterally at the beginning of the feeding process by the milling cutters 20.

Die Führungskörper 22 können durch Führungsrollen ersetzt werden, wenn die an den nachfolgenden Bearbeitungswerkzeugen 24 auftretenden Kräfte angenähert ausgeglichen sind. Bei höheren einseitigen Bearbeitungskräften sind die Führungskörper 22 zur Führung und seitlichen Abstützung besser geeignet.The guide body 22 can be replaced by guide rollers if the forces occurring on the subsequent machining tools 24 are approximately balanced. At higher one-sided machining forces, the guide bodies 22 are more suitable for guidance and lateral support.

Bei der Beschreibung des Ausführungsbeispiels wurde erläutert, daß diejenigen Zentrierwalzen 11, die jeweils keine Führungsfunktion für den Baumstamm 3 übernehmen, zurückgezogen sind. Stattdessen kann auch vorgesehen werden, daß diese Zentrierwalzen nur entlastet werden; die Zentrierwalzen liegen dann noch am Baumstamm 3 an, üben jedoch keine wesentlichen seitlichen Kräfte auf den Baumstamm aus und haben deshalb auch keine Führungsfunktion.In the description of the exemplary embodiment, it was explained that those centering rollers 11, which each do not assume a guiding function for the tree trunk 3, have been withdrawn. Instead, it can also be provided that these centering rollers are only relieved; the centering rollers are then still on the tree trunk 3, but do not exert any significant lateral forces on the tree trunk and therefore do not have a guiding function.

Anstelle der beim Ausführungsbeispiel gezeigten Anordnung von jeweils vier Zentrierwalzen 11 in jeder Gruppe 5-10 kann auch eine andere Anzahl von Zentrierwalzen 11 gewählt werden, beispielsweise drei gleichmäßig am Umfang des Baumstammes verteilte Zentrierwalzen 11. Es ist auch möglich, die Zentrierung nur in einer Ebene, vorzugsweise in der horizontalen Ebene vorzunehmen, wobei in jeder Gruppe 5-10 jeweils nur zwei gegenüberliegende Zentrierwalzen 11 vorgesehen sind, während der Baumstamm 3 auf einem Kettenbett, Rollenbett oder einer ähnlichen horizontalen Führung liegt und transportiert wird.Instead of the arrangement of four centering rollers 11 in each group 5-10 shown in the exemplary embodiment, a different number of centering rollers 11 can also be selected, for example three centering rollers 11 evenly distributed around the circumference of the tree trunk. It is also possible to center in only one plane , preferably to be carried out in the horizontal plane, only two opposite centering rollers 11 being provided in each group 5-10, while the tree trunk 3 lies and is transported on a chain bed, roller bed or a similar horizontal guide.

Claims (6)

1. Method for feeding tree trunks to a processing machine by means of centring units which can be advanced, in each case symmetrically to the feed centre line of the processing machine, whereby, before the intake into the processing machine, several guide surfaces opposite each other on the tree trunk are milled and then immediately engage with guide units, characterised in that several groups (5-10) of centring rollers which can be advanced and can at least in part be driven symmetrically to the feed centre line (12) of the processing machine (23), arranged in tandem in the direction of movement of the tree trunks (3), are controlled during the feed of a tree trunk in such a manner that the centring rollers (11) in each case of the groups (5-10) which are run through from the beginning of the trunk and from the end of the trunk, are advanced symmetrically, whilst the centring rollers (11) of the other groups (5-10) remain in their retracted or unburdened position.
2. Device for carrying out the method according to Claim 1, with several groups of centring units arranged in tandem, which can be advanced symmetrically against each other and with a consecutive milling device for the milling of several guide surfaces opposite each other on the tree trunk and with guide units arranged immediately behind them which contact the guide surfaces, characterised in that the centring units are, at least in part driveable centring rollers (11) which are arranged in tandem in at least four groups (5-10).
3. Device according to Claim 2, characterised in that, ahead of the centring rollers (11), a raiseable chain bed or roller bed (2) which lifts the tree trunk (3) is arranged, which is provided with a measurement device (4) which detects the diameter of the tree trunk.
4. Device according to Claim 3, characterised in that the measurement device has a touch roller (4) arranged above the front end of the chain bed or roller bed (2).
5. Device according to Claim 2, characterised in that in each group (5-10), two pairs each of centring rollers (11) opposite each other, fitted with a common drive device (18) and which can be advanced symmetrically, are provided.
6. Device according to Claim 2, characterised in that a milling device (19) with milling cutters (20) and guide units (22) arranged immediately behind them, is arranged immediately at the intake of the processing machine (23).
EP87901480A 1986-03-11 1987-03-10 Process and device for feeding tree-trunks to a processing machine Expired - Lifetime EP0296161B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87901480T ATE49152T1 (en) 1986-03-11 1987-03-10 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FEEDING LOGS TO A PROCESSING MACHINE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3607980 1986-03-11
DE19863607980 DE3607980A1 (en) 1986-03-11 1986-03-11 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SUPPLYING TREES TO A MACHINING MACHINE

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EP0296161A1 EP0296161A1 (en) 1988-12-28
EP0296161B1 true EP0296161B1 (en) 1990-01-03

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US (1) US4907632A (en)
EP (1) EP0296161B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3607980A1 (en)
FI (1) FI86606C (en)
WO (1) WO1987005555A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0296161A1 (en) 1988-12-28
WO1987005555A1 (en) 1987-09-24
FI883654A (en) 1988-08-05
FI86606B (en) 1992-06-15
FI86606C (en) 1992-09-25
US4907632A (en) 1990-03-13
FI883654A0 (en) 1988-08-05
DE3607980A1 (en) 1987-09-17
DE3761294D1 (en) 1990-02-08

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