EP0296161A1 - Process and device for feeding tree-trunks to a processing machine. - Google Patents

Process and device for feeding tree-trunks to a processing machine.

Info

Publication number
EP0296161A1
EP0296161A1 EP87901480A EP87901480A EP0296161A1 EP 0296161 A1 EP0296161 A1 EP 0296161A1 EP 87901480 A EP87901480 A EP 87901480A EP 87901480 A EP87901480 A EP 87901480A EP 0296161 A1 EP0296161 A1 EP 0296161A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tree trunk
processing machine
centering
trunk
tree
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87901480A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0296161B1 (en
Inventor
Linck Maschinenfabrik Gebruder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LINCK MASCH GATTERLINCK
Original Assignee
LINCK MASCH GATTERLINCK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LINCK MASCH GATTERLINCK filed Critical LINCK MASCH GATTERLINCK
Priority to AT87901480T priority Critical patent/ATE49152T1/en
Publication of EP0296161A1 publication Critical patent/EP0296161A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0296161B1 publication Critical patent/EP0296161B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27C—PLANING, DRILLING, MILLING, TURNING OR UNIVERSAL MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
    • B27C5/00—Machines designed for producing special profiles or shaped work, e.g. by rotary cutters; Equipment therefor
    • B27C5/08—Rounding machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B25/00—Feeding devices for timber in saw mills or sawing machines; Feeding devices for trees
    • B27B25/02—Feeding devices for timber in saw mills or sawing machines; Feeding devices for trees with feed and pressure rollers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for feeding tree trunks to a processing machine by means of centering elements that can be adjusted symmetrically to the feed center line of the processing machine, wherein several opposing guide surfaces on the tree trunk are milled before the entry into the processing machine and immediately afterwards engage with guide elements.
  • Tree trunks that are broken down in processing machines, such as sawing machines and profile cutting machines, into beams, squared timber, boards and, if applicable, useful chips, must be fed to the processing machine in a straight line, the feed center line being intended to match the center line of the tree trunk as closely as possible to enable optimal use of wood.
  • pivoting movements of the tree trunk must be largely excluded, since otherwise the cuts will not run in a straight line.
  • the tree trunks are picked up for this purpose in the central area and at the end by centrally adjustable collets which are each carried by slides which can be moved along a rail .
  • the tree trunk picked up in this way is fed to milling cutters, who mill the processing areas on which the tree trunk is then guided by guide rollers.
  • the middle collet opens; the tree trunk is then guided between the guide rollers and with the rear collet.
  • the tree trunk that is guided and partially machined in this way is fed to a processing device in which the outer surface of the trunk is milled cylindrically.
  • the invention is also intended to provide an advantageous device for carrying out this method.
  • This object is achieved in that a plurality of groups of at least partially drivable centering rollers arranged one behind the other in the direction of movement of the tree trunks are controlled during the feeding of a tree trunk in such a way that the centering rollers symmetrically feed the groups that have passed through from the beginning and end of the trunk be set while the centering rollers of the other groups in their retracted D .W. remain relieved position.
  • the individual groups of centering rollers remain stationary in the method according to the invention. With the forward-moving tree trunk, only those points move where the centering rollers support the tree trunk symmetrically to its center line.
  • This support takes place at the end of the trunk during the entire feeding process, that is to say all groups of centering rolls which have been successively passed through from the end of the trunk guide and support the end of the trunk.
  • the beginning of the trunk is only supported and guided by the groups of centering rolls that have passed through until it is inserted into the device which mills the guide surfaces, which are then supported by the guide elements immediately afterwards.
  • the tree trunk can be fed to the processing machine, for example a saw, immediately afterwards and without the need to pick it up again between guide rollers.
  • the entire workflow can be carried out continuously since the end of a preceding tree trunk can directly follow the beginning of the trunk of a subsequent tree trunk. This enables a very high working speed.
  • centering rollers for feeding tree trunks to processing machines, which are fed centrally from opposite sides (DE-OS 16 28 866).
  • the centering rollers are arranged in two fixed groups through which the building trunk passes. If the tree trunk is curved, it carries out a pivoting movement.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of a device for feeding tree trunks to a saw
  • FIGS. 2-4 the device according to FIG. 1 in successive steps of the feeding process
  • FIG. 5 shows an enlarged partial section along the line VV in FIG. 4 and
  • FIG. 6 is a partial view in the direction of arrow VI in FIG. 5th
  • the feed device shown in the drawing has a chain bed 2, which can be raised and driven on parallel core 1, on which a tree trunk 3 to be processed is conveyed.
  • a sensing roller 4 is arranged so as to be vertically movable, which is connected to a measuring device (not shown).
  • a signal given by the sensing roller 4 shows that the center of the tree trunk 2 is approximately in the feed center line.
  • the chain bed 2 is held at this altitude, while the tree trunk 3 is transported further. As shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 shows that each group 5-10 of centering rolls 11 each have two centering rolls 11 lying opposite one another in pairs.
  • the centering rollers 11, which can be driven individually by drive motors 13, are each mounted on a swivel arm 14, which is in each case attached to a swivel shaft 15.
  • the pivot shafts 15 of opposing centering rollers 11 are connected to one another via crank arms 16 and a common link 17.
  • a pressure medium-actuated cylinder 18 drives the opposite centering rollers 11, which are connected to one another in this way, for opposite feed movements symmetrically to the feed center line 12. (Fig. 6).
  • a control device receives a signal indicating the respective position of the start and end of the trunk.
  • This signal can be supplied, for example, by several light barriers (not shown) which are arranged along the path of the tree trunk 3. Instead of this, it is also possible, after a starting position of the tree trunk 3 has been recorded by a computer, to determine the respective position of the beginning and end of the trunk.
  • the control device controls the cylinders 18 for the infeed movement of the centering rollers in such a way that the centering rollers 11 of the group 5-10 located at the beginning and end of the trunk are fed, while the other centering rollers 11 in their retracted position out of engagement with the Tree trunk 3 are located.
  • centering rollers 11 of group 8 have been delivered at the beginning of the trunk. Also the Centering rollers of group 10 are still delivered; they lead the stem end of the previous stem. The centering rollers of group 5 are delivered because they take over the tree trunk 3 from the chain bed 2.
  • Tree trunk 3 between the centering rollers 11 of the foremost group 10 at the trunk ari and between the centering rollers 11 of the rearmost group 5 at the end of the trunk.
  • the tree trunk enters a processing station 19, in which several mutually opposite cutters 20 mill opposite guide surfaces 21 on the tree trunk 3 (FIG. 4).
  • these guide surfaces 21 are supported and guided on guide bodies 22.
  • the tree trunk 3 enters a processing machine 23 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, has a group of circular saws 24 through which the tree trunk in squared timber and / or
  • the milling cutters 20 can also be arranged and designed such that they mill four longitudinal edges on the tree trunk 3, which serve as guide surfaces for the subsequent guide bodies 22 and which at the same time form the edges of the side boards during the subsequent sawing process.
  • the tree trunk 3 is fed with the root end first. That the back - 3 -
  • the end of the braid forming the stem is straight in most cases, while the end of the root is very often curved on one side.
  • the centering of the tree trunk 3 thus takes place at the straight end of the braid, while the leading end of the root has already been milled laterally by the milling cutters 20 at the start of the feeding process.
  • the guide bodies 22 can be replaced by guide rollers if the forces occurring on the subsequent machining tools 24 are approximately balanced. With higher one-sided machining forces, the guide bodies 22 are more suitable for guiding and lateral support.
  • centering rollers 11 each of which do not assume a guiding function for the tree trunk 3, have been withdrawn. Instead, it can also be provided that these centering rollers are only relieved; the centering rollers are then still on the tree trunk 3, but do not exert any significant lateral forces on the tree trunk and therefore do not have a guiding function.
  • centering rolls 11 can also be selected, for example three centering rolls 11 evenly distributed around the circumference of the tree trunk. It is also possible to center the rolls only in one level, preferably in the horizontal plane, only two opposite centering rollers 11 being provided in each group 5-10, while the tree trunk 3 lies on a chain bed, roller bed or a similar horizontal guide and is transported.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Sawing (AREA)
  • Feeding Of Workpieces (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

Les troncs d'arbre (3) à introduire dans une machine de traitement (23) sont amenés à travers plusieurs ensembles (5-10) de cylindres de centrage (11) disposés séquentiellement et alimentés sur leur plan central. Au cours de cette opération, les cylindres de centrage (11) disposés au début et à la fin du tronc d'arbre sont mis en contact d'engagement avec celui-ci (3). Des fraises (2) disposées en aval façonnent des surfaces de guidage (21) sur le tronc d'arbre (3), sur lesquelles le tronc est immédiatement supporté et guidé par des éléments de guidage (22).The tree trunks (3) to be introduced into a processing machine (23) are fed through several sets (5-10) of centering cylinders (11) arranged sequentially and fed on their central plane. During this operation, the centering cylinders (11) arranged at the start and at the end of the tree trunk are brought into engaging contact with the latter (3). Downstream cutters (2) form guide surfaces (21) on the tree trunk (3), on which the trunk is immediately supported and guided by guide members (22).

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zuführen von Baumstämmen zu einer BearbeitungsmaschineMethod and device for feeding logs to a processing machine
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Zuführen von Baumstämmen zu einer Bearbeitungsmaschine mittels je¬ weils symmetrisch zur Zuführ-Mittellinie der Bearbei¬ tungsmaschine zustellbarer Zentrierelemente, wobei vor dem Einlauf in die Bearbeitungsmaschine mehrere einan¬ der gegenüberliegende Führungsflächen am Baumstamm ge¬ fräst werden und unmittelbar anschließend mit Führungs¬ elementen in Eingriff treten.The invention relates to a method for feeding tree trunks to a processing machine by means of centering elements that can be adjusted symmetrically to the feed center line of the processing machine, wherein several opposing guide surfaces on the tree trunk are milled before the entry into the processing machine and immediately afterwards engage with guide elements.
Baumstämme, die in Bearbeitungsmaschinen, wie Säge¬ maschinen und Profilzerspanungsmaschinen, in Balken, Kantholz, Bretter und gegebenenfalls Nutzspäne zer¬ legt werden, müssen der Bearbeitungsmaschine gerad¬ linig zugeführt werden, wobei die Zuführ-Mittellinie möglichst genau mit der Mittellinie des Baumstammes übereinstimmen soll, um eine optimale Holzausnutzung zu ermöglichen. Während des Zuführvorgangs müssen Schwenkbewegungen des Baumstammes weitestgehend aus¬ geschlossen werden, da anderenfalls die Schnitte nicht geradlinig verlaufen.Tree trunks that are broken down in processing machines, such as sawing machines and profile cutting machines, into beams, squared timber, boards and, if applicable, useful chips, must be fed to the processing machine in a straight line, the feed center line being intended to match the center line of the tree trunk as closely as possible to enable optimal use of wood. During the feeding process, pivoting movements of the tree trunk must be largely excluded, since otherwise the cuts will not run in a straight line.
Um eine solche geradlinige Zuführung von Baumstämmen zu einer Bearbeitungsmaschine zu ermöglichen, ist es bekannt, vorher Führungsflächen am Baumstamm zu fräsen, die geradlinig verlaufen und bei der Zuführung eine geradlinige Führung des Baumstammes an diesen Führungs¬ flächen ermöglichen. Dadurch werden die Schwierigkeiten, die sich aus der konischen und üblicherweise gekrümmten Form der Außenflächen der Baumstämme ergeben, wenn die¬ se Außenflächen als Führungsflächen benutzt werden, im unmittelbaren Bereich der Bearbeitungsmaschine zwar überwunden; tatsächlich werden diese Schwierigkeiten aber nur verlagert, weil auch zum Fräsen der Führungs- flächen eine geradlinige und nach der Mittelachse des Baumstammes ausgerichtete Zuführung erfolgen muß .It is to enable such a straight feeding of tree trunks to a processing machine It is known to mill guide surfaces on the tree trunk beforehand, which run in a straight line and allow the tree trunk to be guided in a straight line on these guide surfaces during feeding. As a result, the difficulties which arise from the conical and usually curved shape of the outer surfaces of the tree trunks when these outer surfaces are used as guide surfaces are overcome in the immediate area of the processing machine; in fact, these difficulties are only relocated because a straight feed line that is aligned with the central axis of the tree trunk must also be used to mill the guide surfaces.
Bei einem bekannten Verfahren (DE-PS 29 21 458) wer¬ den die Baumstämme zu diesem Zweck jeweils im mittle- ren Bereich und am Ende von zentrisch zustellbaren Spannzangen aufgenommen, die jeweils von Schlitten getragen werden, die entlang einer Schiene verfahr¬ bar sind. Der so aufgenommene Baumstamm wird Fräsern zugeführt, die Bearbeitungsflächen fräsen, an denen der Baumstamm anschließend von Führungsrollen geführt wird. Sobald der Anfang des Baumstammes von diesen Führungsrollen aufgenommen ist, öffnet sich die mitt¬ lere Spannzange; die Führung des Baumstammes erfolgt dann zwischen den Führungsrollen und mit der hinteren Spannzange. Der so geführte und teilweise bearbeitete Baumstamm wird einer Bearbeitungseinrichtung zuge¬ führt, in der die Stammaußenfläche zylindrisch ge¬ fräst wird. An dieser zylindrischen Fläche erfolgt eine weitere Abstützung, während der allseitig bear- beitete Baumstamm mehreren Vorschubwalzen zugeführt wird, die am Einlauf einer nachfolgenden Bearbeitungs¬ maschine, beispielsweise einer Säge, angeordnet sind. Der Aufbau der für dieses bekannte Verfahren erforder¬ lichen Vorrichtung ist verhältnismäßig kompliziert. Die die Spannzangen tragenden, längsverfahrbaren Schlit¬ ten müssen nach dem Durchlauf eines Baumstammes erst in ihre Ausgangsposition zurückgefahren und beladen werden, bevor sie den nächsten Baumstamm zuführen kön¬ nen. Dadurch sind der möglichen Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit enge Grenzen gesetzt. Um eine genaue Führung des Baum¬ stammes am Einlauf der Bearbeitungsmaschine zu ermög¬ lichen, müssen bei dem bekannten Verfahren nacheinan- der in zwei Bearbeitungsvorgängen Führungsflächen ge¬ fräst werden, nämlich einmal zu der anfänglichen Füh¬ rung des Stammanfangs und zum anderen zur Erzielung der zylindrischen Außenfläche vor dem Einlauf in die Gruppe von Führungswalzen vor der Bearbeitungsmaschine.In a known method (DE-PS 29 21 458), the tree trunks are picked up for this purpose in the central area and at the end by centrally adjustable collets which are each carried by slides which can be moved along a rail . The tree trunk picked up in this way is fed to milling cutters, who mill the processing areas on which the tree trunk is then guided by guide rollers. As soon as the beginning of the tree trunk is picked up by these guide rollers, the middle collet opens; the tree trunk is then guided between the guide rollers and with the rear collet. The tree trunk that is guided and partially machined in this way is fed to a processing device in which the outer surface of the trunk is milled cylindrically. Further support is provided on this cylindrical surface, while the tree trunk, which is processed on all sides, is fed to several feed rollers which are arranged at the inlet of a subsequent processing machine, for example a saw. The structure of the device required for this known method is relatively complicated. After the passage of a tree trunk, the longitudinally movable carriages carrying the collets first have to be moved back to their starting position and loaded before they can feed the next tree trunk. This limits the possible working speed. In order to enable the tree trunk to be guided precisely at the inlet of the processing machine, guide surfaces have to be milled in succession in two processing steps in the known method, namely firstly to initially guide the start of the trunk and secondly to achieve the cylindrical outer surface before entering the group of guide rollers in front of the processing machine.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Gattung zu schaffen, das in einem raschen Arbeitsablauf und mit geringem Arbeits- und Bauaufwand eine genaue Zuführung der Baumstämme zu einer Bearbeitungsmaschine ermöglicht.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset which enables the logs to be fed precisely to a processing machine in a rapid workflow and with little labor and construction expenditure.
Mit der Erfindung soll außerdem eine vorteilhafte Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens ge¬ schaffen werden.The invention is also intended to provide an advantageous device for carrying out this method.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß mehrere in Bewegungsrichtung der Baumstämmme hin¬ tereinander angeordnete Gruppen von mindestens zum Teil antreibbaren Zentrierwalzen während der Zuführung eines Baumstammes in der Weise gesteuert werden, daß die Zentrierwalzen der jeweils vom Stammanfang und vom Stammende durchlaufenen Gruppen symmetrisch zuge¬ stellt werden, während die Zentrierwalzen der übrigen Gruppen in ihrer zurückgezogenen D.W. entlasteten Stellung bleiben. Im Gegensatz zu mit dem Baumstamm mitlaufenden Spann¬ zangen bleiben beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die einzelnen Gruppen von Zentrierwalzen ortsfest. Mit dem vorwärtsbewegten Baumstamm wandern nur die Stellen mit, an denen die Zentrierwalzen den Baumstamm symmetrisch zu seiner Mittellinie abstützen. Diese Abstützung er¬ folgt am Stammende während des gesamten Zuführvorgangs, d.h. alle nacheinander vom Stammende durchlaufenen Grup¬ pen von Zentrierwalzen führen und stützen das Stammende. Der Stammanfang wird von den jeweils durchlaufenen Grup- pen von Zentrierwalzen nur so lange gestützt und geführt, bis er in die Vorrichtung eingeführt wird, die die Füh¬ rungsflächen anfräst, die unmittelbar anschließend von den Führungselementen gestützt werden.This object is achieved in that a plurality of groups of at least partially drivable centering rollers arranged one behind the other in the direction of movement of the tree trunks are controlled during the feeding of a tree trunk in such a way that the centering rollers symmetrically feed the groups that have passed through from the beginning and end of the trunk be set while the centering rollers of the other groups in their retracted D .W. remain relieved position. In contrast to collets running with the tree trunk, the individual groups of centering rollers remain stationary in the method according to the invention. With the forward-moving tree trunk, only those points move where the centering rollers support the tree trunk symmetrically to its center line. This support takes place at the end of the trunk during the entire feeding process, that is to say all groups of centering rolls which have been successively passed through from the end of the trunk guide and support the end of the trunk. The beginning of the trunk is only supported and guided by the groups of centering rolls that have passed through until it is inserted into the device which mills the guide surfaces, which are then supported by the guide elements immediately afterwards.
In dieser Zuführbewegung kann der Baumstamm unmittelbar anschließend und ohne die Notwendigkeit, ihn nochmals zwischen Führungswalzen aufzunehmen, der Bearbeitungs¬ maschine, beispielsweise einer Säge, zugeführt werden. Der gesamte Arbeitsablauf kann kontinuierlich erfolgen, da sich an das Stammende eines voranlaufenden Baumstam¬ mes unmittelbar der Stammanfang eines nachfolgenden Baumstammes anschließen kann. Dadurch wird eine sehr hohe Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit ermöglicht.In this feed movement, the tree trunk can be fed to the processing machine, for example a saw, immediately afterwards and without the need to pick it up again between guide rollers. The entire workflow can be carried out continuously since the end of a preceding tree trunk can directly follow the beginning of the trunk of a subsequent tree trunk. This enables a very high working speed.
Es ist zwar bekannt, zur Zuführung von Baumstämmen zu Bearbeitungsmaschinen Zentrierwalzen zu verwenden, die von gegenüberliegenden Seiten zentrisch zugestellt werden (DE-OS 16 28 866) . Hierbei sind die Zentrierwalzen aber in zwei ortsfesten Gruppen angeordnet, die der Bau - stamm durchläuft. Wenn der Baumstamm gekrümmt ist, führt er dabei eine Schwenkbewegung aus.It is known to use centering rollers for feeding tree trunks to processing machines, which are fed centrally from opposite sides (DE-OS 16 28 866). Here, the centering rollers are arranged in two fixed groups through which the building trunk passes. If the tree trunk is curved, it carries out a pivoting movement.
Es ist außerdem bekannt, bei Zuführeinrichtungen zu Holzbearbeitungsmaschinen ein hebbares Rollenbett anzu- ordnen, das den Baumstamm trägt (DE-OS 32 46 969) . Hierbei wird der Baumstamm aber entlang seiner unteren Mantellinie geführt, so daß im allgemeinen keine zentri¬ sche Ausrichtung zur Zuführ-Mittellinie der Bearbeitungs¬ maschine möglich ist.It is also known to arrange a liftable roller bed in the case of feed devices for woodworking machines which carries the tree trunk (DE-OS 32 46 969). In this case, however, the tree trunk is guided along its lower surface line, so that generally no central alignment with the feed center line of the processing machine is possible.
Eine vorteilhafte Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Ver¬ fahrens ist Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen und wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt:An advantageous device for carrying out the method is the subject of subclaims and is explained in more detail in the following description and the drawing. It shows:
Fig. 1 in einer Seitenansicht eine Vorrichtung zum Zu¬ führen von Baumstämmen zu einer Säge, Fig. 2 - 4 die Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1 in aufeinander¬ folgenden Schritten des Zuführvorganges, Fig. 5 einenvergrößerten Teilschnitt längs der Linie V-V in Fig. 4 und1 shows a side view of a device for feeding tree trunks to a saw, FIGS. 2-4 the device according to FIG. 1 in successive steps of the feeding process, FIG. 5 shows an enlarged partial section along the line VV in FIG. 4 and
Fig. 6 eine Teilansicht in Richtung des Pfeiles VI in Fig. 5.6 is a partial view in the direction of arrow VI in FIG. 5th
Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Zuführvorrichtung weist ein an Parallellenkern 1 anhebbar aufgenommenes und an¬ treibbares Kettenbett 2 auf, auf dem ein zu bearbeitender Baumstamm 3 herangefördert wird. Über dem Abgabeende des Kettenbetts 2 ist eine Tastwalze 4 höhenbeweglich ange¬ ordnet-, die mit einer (nicht dargestellten) Meßeinrich- tung verbunden ist. Sobald ein Baumstamm 3 in der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Stellung auf dem Kettenbett 2 liegt, wird es angehoben, bis ein von der Tastwalze 4 gegebenes Signal erkennen läßt, daß sich die Mitte des Baumstammes 2 angenähert in der Zuführ-Mittellinie befindet. In die- ser Höhenlage wird das Kettenbett 2 gehalten, während der Baumstamm 3 weitertransportiert wird. Wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt, durchläuft der Baumstamm 3 mehrere hinterein¬ ander angeordnete Gruppen 5 - 10 von Zentrierwalzen 11, die jeweils symmetrisch zur Zuführ-Mittellinie 12 zu- gestellt werden können. Fig. 5 zeigt, daß jede Gruppe 5 - 10 von Zentrierwal¬ zen 11 jeweils zwei paarweise gegenüberliegende Zen¬ trierwalzen 11 aufweist. Die von Antriebsmotoren 13 einzeln antreibbaren Zentrierwalzen 11 sind jeweils an einem Schwenkarm 14 gelagert, der jeweils an einer Schwenkwelle 15 angebracht ist. Jeweils die Schwenk¬ wellen 15 von einander gegenüberliegenden Zentrier¬ walzen 11 sind über Kurbelarme 16 und einen gemeinsa¬ men Lenker 17 miteinander verbunden. Ein druckmittel¬ betätigter Zylinder 18 treibt die so miteinander ver- bundenen, gegenüberliegenden Zentrierwalzen 11 zu ent¬ gegengesetzten Zustellbewegungen symmetrisch zur Zu¬ führmittellinie 12 an. (Fig. 6).The feed device shown in the drawing has a chain bed 2, which can be raised and driven on parallel core 1, on which a tree trunk 3 to be processed is conveyed. Above the discharge end of the chain bed 2, a sensing roller 4 is arranged so as to be vertically movable, which is connected to a measuring device (not shown). As soon as a tree trunk 3 lies on the chain bed 2 in the position shown in FIG. 1, it is raised until a signal given by the sensing roller 4 shows that the center of the tree trunk 2 is approximately in the feed center line. The chain bed 2 is held at this altitude, while the tree trunk 3 is transported further. As shown in FIG. 2, the tree trunk 3 passes through a plurality of groups 5 - 10 of centering rollers 11 arranged one behind the other, each of which can be fed symmetrically to the feed center line 12. FIG. 5 shows that each group 5-10 of centering rolls 11 each have two centering rolls 11 lying opposite one another in pairs. The centering rollers 11, which can be driven individually by drive motors 13, are each mounted on a swivel arm 14, which is in each case attached to a swivel shaft 15. In each case, the pivot shafts 15 of opposing centering rollers 11 are connected to one another via crank arms 16 and a common link 17. A pressure medium-actuated cylinder 18 drives the opposite centering rollers 11, which are connected to one another in this way, for opposite feed movements symmetrically to the feed center line 12. (Fig. 6).
Eine (nicht dargestellte) Steuereinrichtung erhält ein die jeweilige Position des Stammanfangs und des Stammendes anzeigendes Signal. Dieses Signal kann beispielsweise von mehreren Lichtschranken (nicht dargestellt) geliefert werden, die entlang dem Weg des Baumstammes 3 angeordnet sind. Statt dessen ist es auch möglich, nach dem Erfassen einer Anfangs¬ position des Baumstammes 3 durch einen Rechner die jeweilige Position des Stammanfanges und des Stamm¬ endes zu ermitteln.A control device (not shown) receives a signal indicating the respective position of the start and end of the trunk. This signal can be supplied, for example, by several light barriers (not shown) which are arranged along the path of the tree trunk 3. Instead of this, it is also possible, after a starting position of the tree trunk 3 has been recorded by a computer, to determine the respective position of the beginning and end of the trunk.
Die Steuereinrichtung steuert die Zylinder 18 für die Zustellbewegung der Zentrierwalzen in der Weise, daß jeweils die Zentrierwalzen 11 der am Stammanfang und am Stammende befindlichen Gruppe 5 - 10 zugestellt werden, während sich die übrigen Zentrierwalzen 11 in ihrer nach außen zurückgezogenen Stellung außer Eingriff mit dem Baumstamm 3 befinden.The control device controls the cylinders 18 for the infeed movement of the centering rollers in such a way that the centering rollers 11 of the group 5-10 located at the beginning and end of the trunk are fed, while the other centering rollers 11 in their retracted position out of engagement with the Tree trunk 3 are located.
So erkennt man, daß in Fig. 2 die Zentrierwalzen 11 der Gruppe 8 am Stammanfang zugestellt sind. Auch die Zentrierwalzen der Gruppe 10 sind noch zugestellt; sie führen das Stammende des vorangehenden Stammes. Die Zentrierwalzen der Gruppe 5 sind zugestellt, weil sie den Baumstamm 3 vom Kettenbett 2 übernehmen.It can thus be seen that in FIG. 2 the centering rollers 11 of group 8 have been delivered at the beginning of the trunk. Also the Centering rollers of group 10 are still delivered; they lead the stem end of the previous stem. The centering rollers of group 5 are delivered because they take over the tree trunk 3 from the chain bed 2.
Bei der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Stellung ist derIn the position shown in Fig. 3 is the
Baumstamm 3 zwischen den Zentrierwalzen 11 der vor¬ dersten Gruppe 10 am Stammarifang und zwischen den Zentrierwalzen 11 der hintersten Gruppe 5 am Stamm¬ ende aufgenommen. In dieser Stellung tritt der Baum- stamm in eine Bearbeitungsstation 19 ein, in der meh¬ rere einander gegenüberliegende Fräser 20 am Baumstamm 3 gegenüberliegende Führungsflächen 21 fräsen (Fig. 4) . Unmittelbar nach Durchlaufen der Fräser 20 werden die¬ se Führungsflächen 21 an Führungskörpern 22 ange- stützt und geführt.Tree trunk 3 between the centering rollers 11 of the foremost group 10 at the trunk ari and between the centering rollers 11 of the rearmost group 5 at the end of the trunk. In this position, the tree trunk enters a processing station 19, in which several mutually opposite cutters 20 mill opposite guide surfaces 21 on the tree trunk 3 (FIG. 4). Immediately after passing through the milling cutters 20, these guide surfaces 21 are supported and guided on guide bodies 22.
Unmittelbar danach tritt der Baumstamm 3 in eine Be¬ arbeitungsmaschine 23 ein, die beim dargestellten Aus¬ führungsbeispiel eine Gruppe von Kreissägen 24 auf- weist, durch die der Baumstamm in Kantholz und/oderImmediately thereafter, the tree trunk 3 enters a processing machine 23 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, has a group of circular saws 24 through which the tree trunk in squared timber and / or
Bretter zerlegt wird. Während der Baumstamm durch die Bearbeitungsmaschine 23 läuft, wird er unmittelbar vor¬ her durch die Führungskörper 22 und an seinem Stamm¬ ende durch die jeweils dort zugestellten Zentrierwalzen 11 geführt.Boards being disassembled. While the tree trunk is running through the processing machine 23, it is guided immediately beforehand by the guide bodies 22 and at its end of the trunk by the centering rollers 11 which are respectively delivered there.
Die Fräser 20 können auch so angeordnet und ausge¬ führt sein, daß sie am Baumstamm 3 vier längsverlau¬ fende Kanten ausfräsen, die als Führungsflächen für die nachfolgenden Führungskörper 22 dienen und die beim nachfolgenden Sägevorgang zugleich die Kanten der Seitenbretter bilden.The milling cutters 20 can also be arranged and designed such that they mill four longitudinal edges on the tree trunk 3, which serve as guide surfaces for the subsequent guide bodies 22 and which at the same time form the edges of the side boards during the subsequent sawing process.
Wie aus der Zeichnung ersichtlich, wird der Baumstamm 3 mit dem Wurzelende voran zugeführt. Das das hintere - 3 -As can be seen from the drawing, the tree trunk 3 is fed with the root end first. That the back - 3 -
Stammende bildende Zopfende ist in den meisten Fäl¬ len gerade, während das Wurzelende sehr häufig ein¬ seitig gekrümmt ist. Die Zentrierung des Baumstammes 3 erfolgt somit am geraden Zopfende, während das voran¬ laufende Wurzelende schon zu Beginn des Zuführvorgan- ges durch die Fräser 20 seitlich abgefräst wurde.The end of the braid forming the stem is straight in most cases, while the end of the root is very often curved on one side. The centering of the tree trunk 3 thus takes place at the straight end of the braid, while the leading end of the root has already been milled laterally by the milling cutters 20 at the start of the feeding process.
Die Führungskörper 22 können durch Führungsrollen er¬ setzt werden, wenn die an den nachfolgenden Bearbei¬ tungswerkzeugen 24 auftretenden Kräfte angenähert aus- geglichen sind. Bei höheren einseitigen Bearbeitungs¬ kräften sind die Führungskörper 22 zur Führung und seitlichen Abstützung besser geeignet.The guide bodies 22 can be replaced by guide rollers if the forces occurring on the subsequent machining tools 24 are approximately balanced. With higher one-sided machining forces, the guide bodies 22 are more suitable for guiding and lateral support.
Bei der Beschreibung des Ausführungsbeispiels wurde erläutert, daß diejenigen Zentrierwalzen 11, die jeweils keine Führungs¬ funktion für den Baumstamm 3 übernehmen, zurückgezogen sind. Stattdessen kann auch vorgesehen werden, daß diese Zentrier¬ walzen nur entlastet werden; die Zentrierwalzen liegen dann noch am Baumstamm 3 an, üben jedoch keine wesentlichen seit- liehen Kräfte auf den Baumstamm aus und haben deshalb auch keine Führungsfunktion.In the description of the exemplary embodiment, it was explained that those centering rollers 11, each of which do not assume a guiding function for the tree trunk 3, have been withdrawn. Instead, it can also be provided that these centering rollers are only relieved; the centering rollers are then still on the tree trunk 3, but do not exert any significant lateral forces on the tree trunk and therefore do not have a guiding function.
Anstelle der beim Ausführungsbeispiel gezeigten Anordnung von jeweils vier Zentrierwalzen 11 in jeder Gruppe 5-10 kann auch eine andere Anzahl von Zentrierwalzen 11 gewählt werden, beispielsweise drei gleichmäßig am Umfang des Baum¬ stammes verteilte Zentrierwalzen 11. Es ist auch möglich, die Zentrierung nur in einer Ebene, vorzugsweise in der horizontalen Ebene vorzunehmen, wobei in jeder Gruppe 5-10 jeweils nur zwei gegenüberliegende Zentrierwalzen 11 vor¬ gesehen sind, während der Baumstamm 3 auf einem Kettenbett, Rollenbett oder einer ähnlichen horizontalen Führung liegt und transportiert wird. Instead of the arrangement of four centering rolls 11 in each group 5-10 shown in the exemplary embodiment, a different number of centering rolls 11 can also be selected, for example three centering rolls 11 evenly distributed around the circumference of the tree trunk. It is also possible to center the rolls only in one level, preferably in the horizontal plane, only two opposite centering rollers 11 being provided in each group 5-10, while the tree trunk 3 lies on a chain bed, roller bed or a similar horizontal guide and is transported.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Verfahren zum Zuführen von Baumstämmen zu einer Be¬ arbeitungsmaschine mittels jeweils symmetrisch zur Zuführ-Mittellinie der Bearbeitungsmaschine zustell¬ barer Zentrierelemente, wobei vor dem Einlauf in die Bearbeitungsmaschine mehrere einander gegenüberlie¬ gende Führungsflächen am Baumstamm gefräst werden und unmittelbar anschließend mit Führungselementen in Eingriff treten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere in Bewegungsrichtung der Baumstämme (3) hintereinander angeordnete Gruppen (5-10) von je¬ weils symmetrisch zur Zuführ-Mittellinie (12) der Bearbeitungsmaschine (23) zusteilbaren, mindestens zum Teil antreibbaren Zentrierwalzen (11) während der Zuführung eines Baumstammes in der Weise ge- steuert werden, daß die Zentrierwalzen (11) der jeweils vom Stammanfang und vom Stammende durch¬ laufenen Gruppen (5-10) symmetrisch zugestellt wer¬ den, während die Zentrierwalzen (11) der übrigen Gruppen (5-10) in ihrer zurückgezogenen DZW. entlasteten Stellung bleiben. 1. Method for feeding tree trunks to a processing machine by means of centering elements that can be fed symmetrically to the feed center line of the processing machine, wherein several opposing guide surfaces on the tree trunk are milled before entry into the processing machine and immediately afterwards in engagement with guide elements occur, characterized in that several groups (5-10) arranged one behind the other in the direction of movement of the tree trunks (3) each of centering rollers (11) which can be at least partially driven symmetrically to the feed center line (12) of the processing machine (23) the feeding of a tree trunk is controlled in such a way that the centering rollers (11) of the groups (5-10) passed through from the beginning and end of the trunk are symmetrically fed, while the centering rollers (11) of the other groups ( 5-10) in their withdrawn DZW. remain relieved position.
2. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 , mit mehreren hintereinander angeord¬ neten Gruppen von symmetrisch gegeneinander zu¬ stellbaren Zentrierelementen und mit einer an¬ schließenden Fräseinrichtung zum Fräsen mehrerer einander gegenüberliegender Führungsflächen am Baumstamm und mit unmittelbar dahinter angeord¬ neten, die Führungsflächen berührenden Führungs¬ elementen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zentrier¬ elemente mindestens teilweise antreibbare Zentrier- walzen (11) sind, die in mindestens vier Gruppen (5-10) hintereinander angeordnet sind.2. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, with a plurality of successively arranged groups of symmetrically adjustable centering elements and with a subsequent milling device for milling a plurality of mutually opposite guide surfaces on the tree trunk and with the guide surfaces arranged directly behind them touching guide elements, characterized in that the centering elements are at least partially drivable centering rollers (11) which are arranged in at least four groups (5-10) one behind the other.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, daß vor den Zentrierwalzen (11) ein den Baum- stamm (3) aufnehmendes, anhebbares Ketten- oder Rollenbett (2) angeordnet ist, das mit einer den Durchmesser des Baumstammes erfassenden Meßein¬ richtung (4) versehen ist.3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that in front of the centering rollers (11) a tree trunk (3) receiving, lifting chain or roller bed (2) is arranged, which with a measuring the diameter of the tree trunk Meßein¬ direction (4) is provided.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, daß die Meßeinrichtung eine über dem vorderen Ende des Ketten- öder Rollenbettes (2) angeordnete Tastwalze (4)aufweist.4. The device according to claim 3, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that the measuring device has a sensing roller (4) arranged above the front end of the chain or roller bed (2).
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, daß in jeder Gruppe (5-10) jeweils zwei Paare von einander gegenüberliegenden, mit einer gemein¬ samen Antriebseinrichtung (18) versehenen und symmetrisch zustellbaren Zentrierwalzen (11) vor- gesehen sind.5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that in each group (5-10) two pairs of opposing, with a common drive device (18) provided and symmetrically adjustable centering rollers (11) are provided.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, daß eine Fräseinrichtung (19) mit Fräsern (20) und unmittelbar dahinter angeordneten Führungs- körpern (22) unmittelbar am Einlauf der Bearbeitungs¬ maschine (23) angeordnet ist. 6. The device according to claim 2, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that a milling device (19) with milling cutters (20) and immediately behind it guide bodies (22) is arranged directly at the inlet of the processing machine (23).
EP87901480A 1986-03-11 1987-03-10 Process and device for feeding tree-trunks to a processing machine Expired - Lifetime EP0296161B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87901480T ATE49152T1 (en) 1986-03-11 1987-03-10 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FEEDING LOGS TO A PROCESSING MACHINE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3607980 1986-03-11
DE19863607980 DE3607980A1 (en) 1986-03-11 1986-03-11 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SUPPLYING TREES TO A MACHINING MACHINE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0296161A1 true EP0296161A1 (en) 1988-12-28
EP0296161B1 EP0296161B1 (en) 1990-01-03

Family

ID=6296009

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87901480A Expired - Lifetime EP0296161B1 (en) 1986-03-11 1987-03-10 Process and device for feeding tree-trunks to a processing machine

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Country Link
US (1) US4907632A (en)
EP (1) EP0296161B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3607980A1 (en)
FI (1) FI86606C (en)
WO (1) WO1987005555A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0296161B1 (en) 1990-01-03
WO1987005555A1 (en) 1987-09-24
FI883654A (en) 1988-08-05
FI86606B (en) 1992-06-15
FI86606C (en) 1992-09-25
US4907632A (en) 1990-03-13
FI883654A0 (en) 1988-08-05
DE3607980A1 (en) 1987-09-17
DE3761294D1 (en) 1990-02-08

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