EP0294717B1 - Dispositif pour déterminer le rapport force-distance des touches d'un clavier d'un instrument à touches - Google Patents

Dispositif pour déterminer le rapport force-distance des touches d'un clavier d'un instrument à touches Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0294717B1
EP0294717B1 EP88108885A EP88108885A EP0294717B1 EP 0294717 B1 EP0294717 B1 EP 0294717B1 EP 88108885 A EP88108885 A EP 88108885A EP 88108885 A EP88108885 A EP 88108885A EP 0294717 B1 EP0294717 B1 EP 0294717B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spindle
stepping motor
keyboard
guide rail
resilient tongue
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88108885A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0294717A3 (en
EP0294717A2 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Dipl.-Ing. Dorner
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP0294717A3 publication Critical patent/EP0294717A3/de
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Publication of EP0294717B1 publication Critical patent/EP0294717B1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10C—PIANOS, HARPSICHORDS, SPINETS OR SIMILAR STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ONE OR MORE KEYBOARDS
    • G10C9/00—Methods, tools or materials specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of musical instruments covered by this subclass

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for determining the force-displacement ratio of keys of the keyboard of a keyboard instrument.
  • the invention has therefore set itself the task of creating a device with which the force-displacement ratio on the keys of such keyboards can be detected as accurately as possible, on the one hand to check the setting, in order to provide the user with the highest quality To be able to provide the instrument and, on the other hand, to draw conclusions for the possibly necessary recruitment or for overhaul work from the results obtained.
  • the invention is now characterized by those features that are the subject matter of claim 1.
  • DE-OS 20 58 963 shows and describes an electrical keystroke signal recording, control and transmission system for keyboard instruments, with which the keystroke applied to a key is detected and converted into an electrical signal, the timing and the intensity of the keystroke, namely with an inductive transmitter, with which the excitation system of the keyboard instrument is then excited so that its tone generator, for example a string, a sound bar, a bell or the like, is struck.
  • tone generator for example a string, a sound bar, a bell or the like
  • this device is to bridge, as it were, the hammer system connected to the keys in such keyboard instruments, in order to on the one hand the mechanical transmission elements equipped with numerous levers, axles, bearing bushes, springs, friction and damping devices to eliminate possible sources of error from the outset and, on the other hand, to give the player the opportunity to feed the hammer more energy via the electrical amplification system than he can deliver at the button.
  • this previously known device offers neither a suggestion nor a solution.
  • FIG. 1 shows an oblique view of a keyboard with the guide rail arranged above it and the stepper motor carried by it; 2 shows the guide rail in cross section with the stepper motor and the position of these two parts relative to the button to be measured according to a section along the line II-II in FIG. 1 and on a scale which is considerably enlarged in relation to this figure;
  • Fig. 3 is a block diagram;
  • Fig. 4 shows schematically the course of the force-displacement ratio;
  • 5 shows an embodiment variant of the invention, partly in section; 6 and 7 two further exemplary embodiments in a representation as in Fig. 2nd
  • the device according to the invention has a guide rail 1, which is arranged above a keyboard 2 of a keyboard instrument, not shown here, and which is clamped to the housing of the keyboard instrument and fixed relative to it.
  • the guide rail thus has a clear and reproducible position relative to the keyboard and for this measuring process.
  • the guide rail 1 carries clamping jaws or clamping screws and supporting elements at its ends.
  • the guide rail can be telescopically displaceable to adapt to the different lengths of keyboards.
  • This guide rail 1 now carries a so-called stepper motor 4 via a holder 3 and an arm 9 projecting from this holder 3.
  • stepper motors are offered by the relevant trade, for example from Berger Lahr in the Federal Republic of Germany, under the name "actuator based 2-phase stepper motor - RDM 50 ". These stepper motors are used for a precisely controlled axial movement.
  • these stepper motors have a spindle.
  • the stepper motor is on Arm 9 of the holder 3 arranged so that this spindle 5 is vertical and is directed against a key 6 of the keyboard 2.
  • this spindle 5 On its front side, which faces the keyboard, this spindle 5 carries a pressure-sensitive sensor 8, a piezo element is expediently provided here.
  • the spindle 5 of the stepping motor 4 is aimed at a white key of the keyboard of a piano.
  • both the guide rail 1 and the holder directly connected to this guide rail 1 are symmetrical, so that the holder 3 can be repositioned on the guide rail 1 so that The long white and black short keys can be measured with the guide rail, which is once attached to the housing of the keyboard instrument and aligned.
  • the holder 3 arms 9 project in both directions, so that the stepper motor can alternately be attached and fixed on one or the other side of the holder.
  • Another variant is to make the cantilever arm 9 extendable, so that the stepper motor 4 is to be arranged at different distances with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the guide rail 1, in other words, the length 1, as can be seen from FIG. 2, is adjustable.
  • telescopic arms can be provided here, the parts of which are fixed against one another by means of clamps and clamping screws, but this is not shown in the drawing in order not to impair their clarity.
  • the holder 3 with the stepping motor 4 is moved manually along the guide rail 1 and manually fixed at the retracted position, for example with a clamping screw or a clamping knob.
  • a mechanical actuating device here, for example in the form of a rotatably mounted threaded spindle, which is acted upon by a control unit and via which the individual measuring positions are automatically reached after the measuring process has been initiated.
  • Stepper motors 4 of the type used here, as already mentioned in the introduction, are known per se. Your spindles perform precisely controlled axial movements from, these axial movements have a high resolution. Stepper motors with a resolution of approx. 0.02 mm per step or less can be used for the intended purpose. The resolving power indicates which axial movement the motor spindle makes per switching pulse.
  • Both the stepper motor 4 and the piezo element 8 carried by its spindle 5 are connected to a central control unit on an electronic basis.
  • This central control unit controls the stepper motor 4 so that it receives advancing switching impulses and thereby gradually advances its spindle 5 against the key 6 and deflects it.
  • a force is required to deflect the button, i.e. to depress it, and this force is measured via the piezo element and converted into electrical signals, which are recorded and used by the central control unit, as well as the switching impulses supplied to the stepper motor 4, the electronically individual switching impulses for the stepper motor are assigned the respective quantities of the measured pressure or force.
  • This central control unit therefore has the following tasks: activation of the sensor; Conversion of the analog signal that the sensor emits in proportion to the measured force; this signal is digitized and stored in a memory; Control of the printer, which graphically displays the measured force-displacement relationship.
  • the recorder or printer evaluates the data obtained and a diagram which illustrates the dependence of the path on the force required to adjust the key is shown here in FIG. 4.
  • This course of the diagram has some characteristic points, which are designated as follows: A - point at which the damper is raised; B - pressure point; C - release; D - end point; AW - release path between B and C; N - reprint between C and D.
  • the keys of a keyboard can now be measured one after the other.
  • the diagrams of the individual keys should not only show an identical or at least very similar course, they should also be essentially congruent. Are considered when measuring the keyboard single or multiple keys deviations in this diagram, this is a sign that the keyboard must be overhauled or that the keys must be readjusted with these diagrams.
  • the electrical control and computing unit which are provided for the stepper motor and for the piezo element has not been described in detail above.
  • Such control and computing units can be put together from commercially available components by the relevant specialist.
  • the individual modules mean the following: analog-digital converter 10; central control unit 11; Memory 12; Stepper motor control 13; Printer control 14; Printer / writer 15.
  • FIG. 5 now illustrates another embodiment of the invention, similar to the illustration in FIG. 2.
  • the same parts as in Fig. 2 are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the stepping motor 4 is mounted on the arm 9 of the holder 3 with the spindle 5 standing vertically.
  • a sleeve 16 is now attached at the end, which runs downward into an open bore 17.
  • a stylus 18 protrudes with play, which is held in its upright position in its central region and at its end inner region by transversely arranged membranes 19, 20.
  • the upper membrane 19 is equipped here with the strain gauges 21, which in turn is in electrical connection with the switching elements shown in FIG. 3.
  • This sleeve 16 is axially displaceably mounted in a guide bushing 22 and is secured against rotation by means of a bolt 23 on an elongated hole recess 24 which extends vertically.
  • This guide bush 22 is fixed with its upper edge to the holder 9.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment in which parts having the same function as in FIG. 2 are provided with the same reference numbers.
  • the spindle 5 of the stepper motor 4 is already on the factory side secured against rotation, so that this spindle 5 only executes a linear vertical movement step by step.
  • this spindle 5 carries an L-shaped profile piece 25, the long leg of which is arranged horizontally, the short downward leg of this profile piece 25 carries a spring lamella 26 which extends parallel and below the long leg and at its free end a freely rotatable probe ball 27 is provided on the underside.
  • Strain gauges 21 are arranged on the spring plate 26.
  • a small adjusting screw 28 with its axis standing vertically, the lower end of which is slightly above the spring plate 26 in the rest position, so that this screw 28 serves as a deflection limitation for the spring plate 26 can serve.
  • the profile piece 25 can be arranged at the free end of the spindle 5 of the stepping motor 4 that it can be rotated through 180 ° about the axis of the spindle 5, once to act on the white keys 6 and once on the black keys 7. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the profile piece 25 lies entirely over the white button 6.
  • the spring plate 26 is therefore designed to be cranked. It is of course also conceivable to use a straight spring lamella 26, but then the profile piece must lie to the side of the button 6, so that when the profile piece is pushed down on the button 6 only the stylus 27 comes into contact with the surface of the button.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7 is also illustrated.
  • the stepping motor 4 which is preferably equipped with a reduction gear in this exemplary embodiment, is arranged such that its spindle 5 lies parallel to the level of the keyboard 2, and furthermore here also additionally parallel to the guide rail 1.
  • the spindle 5 does not make a linear movement, but a step-by-step rotary movement.
  • a cantilevered lever 29 is connected here, which is offset at the end in a shoulder-like manner, and here a spring plate 26 with strain gauges 21 is fastened to this shoulder-like end.
  • the cantilevered section 30 formed by the shoulder extends above the spring plate 26 and this section 30 also carries at the free end a small adjusting screw 28 which also serves as a deflection limitation for the spring plate 26.
  • Fig. 7 shows the device when measuring the white keys 6. If the spring plate 21 is arranged obliquely in the embodiment of FIG. 6, it is conceivable to provide this spring plate horizontally, and then a small between the spring plate and the probe ball 7 Spacer is provided so that the probe ball 27 is a sufficient amount below the lower edge of the profile piece 25 so that this lower edge of the profile piece 25 is sufficiently distanced from the surface of the buttons 6 and 7 during operational use.
  • a probe roller can also be provided. This is also to be arranged in such a way that its contact surface or its contact point, which comes into operative connection with the buttons 6 or 7 when it is used in an operational manner, is sufficiently distanced from the respective profile piece 25 or 29 serving as a holder.
  • strain gauges 21 are provided on a spring plate 26 as a sensor.
  • a piezo element as a pressure-sensitive sensor on levers 29 or profile pieces 25 which are rigid per se.
  • the present invention also includes combinations of the exemplary embodiments shown here.
  • the invention should not be limited to the use of these sensors.
  • Semiconductor technology also offers other sensors that can also be used here with success. All elements are suitable for this that convert the pressure exerted on them into an electrical voltage that is as proportional as possible.
  • the device Thanks to the device according to the invention, a possibility is created for the first time to measure precisely the keyboard of a keyboard instrument in order to be able to draw the necessary conclusions for its overhaul or renovation, the result of the measurement being able to be identified on the basis of the characteristic course of the path-force diagram the respective key is deficient.
  • This is very important, since the keyboard of such a keyboard instrument represents an extremely complicated and complex lever mechanism, with each individual lever member performing very different tasks within such a lever system.
  • the diagram course to be recorded which is explained and shown in FIG. 4, is dependent the mechanics of the keyboard. The fact that different mechanisms occur and are used here was explained in the introduction. The invention is applicable to all keyboard instruments.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
  • Input From Keyboards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Dispositif de détermination du rapport force-distance des touches d'un clavier d'un instrument à touches, caractérisé par une glissière (1) à agencer au-dessus du clavier (2) et s'étendant transversalement aux touches de celui-ci, glissière sur laquelle est monté de manière à pouvoir glisser au moins un moteur pas à pas (4) dont l'arbre (5) peut glisser ou tourner pas à pas vis-à-vis des touches individuelles de l'instrument, l'arbre (5) étant relié à un capteur sensible à la pression (8) et le capteur (8) ainsi que l'entraînement du moteur pas à pas (4) étant reliés via un dispositif de commande électronique à un enregistreur ou une imprimante qui enregistre le mouvement de translation de l'arbre (5) du moteur pas à pas (4) en fonction de la force exercée sur le capteur (8) par la touche enfoncée (6, 7).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre (5) du moteur pas à pas (4) est agencé de manière essentiellement verticale (figures 2, 5, 6).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre (5) du moteur pas à pas (4) est agencé horizontallement - parallèlement au plan du clavier (2) (figure 7).
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu comme capteur sensible à la pression (8) un élément piézo-électrique.
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu comme capteur sensible à la pression (8) au moins une jauge de contrainte (21).
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre (5) porte une douille (16) ouverte vers le bas dans laquelle est monté un palpeur (18) qui peut se déplacer axialement et le palpeur (18) est fixé à au moins une membrane (19, 20) agencée transversalement à sa dimension longitudinale, qui est reliée à au moins une jauge de contrainte (21).
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la douille (16) qui reçoit le palpeur (18) est pour sa part guidée de manière à pouvoir se déplacer axialement dans un manchon de guidage fixé au bras (9) en sorte de ne pouvoir tourner, par exemple, grâce au boulon (23) et à l'orifice longitudinal (24).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le capteur sensible à la pression (8) conformé en élément piézo-électrique est agencé sur le côté frontal de l'arbre (5) qui est en contact actif avec la touche à tester (6, 7).
  9. Dispositif selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre (5) protégé contre toute rotation du moteur pas à pas (4) porte à son extrémité une lame de ressort (26) agencée de manière essentiellement parallèle au plan du clavier (2), cette lame étant fixée à une extrémité à l'arbre et présentant à l'autre extrémité une bille de contact (27) de préférence montée à rotation libre, une jauge de contrainte (21) au moins étant agencée sur la lame de ressort (26) (figure 9).
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la lame de ressort (26) est fixée à une extrémité à un profilé (25) essentiellement en forme de L dont une branche horizontale est portée par l'extrémité de l'arbre (5) du moteur pas à pas (4), branche dans laquelle est vissée une vis d'arrêt (28) disposée parallèlement à l'axe de l'arbre (5) dont l'axe présumé coupe la lame de ressort (26) dans la zone de la bille de contact (27), et la lame de ressort (26) est située en dessous de cette branche horizontale du profilé (25) (figure 6).
  11. Dispositif selon les revendications 1 et 3, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre (5) du moteur pas à pas (4) agencé horizontalement et entraîné de préférence par un engrenage réducteur est relié à un levier (29) à bras unique à l'extrémité libre duquel une lame de ressort (26) dotée d'une bille de contact (27) est prévue et au moins une jauge de contrainte (21) est agencée sur la lame de ressort (26).
  12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité du levier (29) portant la lame de ressort (26) est décalée en sorte que le talon (30) qui se trouve au-dessus de la lame de ressort (26) soit en porte-à-faux au-dessus de celle-ci et on a agencé sur ce talon en porte-à-faux une vis d'arrêt (28) qui peut être déplacée de manière essentiellement perpendiculaire au plan de la lame de rssort (26), vis dont l'axe vertical présumé coupe la lame de ressort (26), de préférence dans la zone de la bille de contact (27) (figure 7).
  13. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la glissière (1) servant au glissement du moteur pas à pas au-dessus du clavier présente un dispositif de déplacement qui peut être activé par un dispositif de commande électronique.
  14. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre (5) du moteur pas à pas (4) est situé latéralement vis-à-vis de la glissière (1) et la section transversale de la glissière (1) ou celle du support (3) pour le moteur pas à pas (4) a une forme symétrique et le moteur pas à pas (4) sera agencé sur la glissière (1) en sorte qu'il fasse alternativement saillie vis-à-vis de son axe longitudinal sur l'un ou l'autre côté et que puissent être atteintes de la sorte par le moteur pas à pas (4) ou son arbre (5) les longues touches blanches ainsi que les touches noires courtes du clavier par un réglage et une fixation uniques de la glissière (1) vis-à-vis du clavier.
  15. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que la glissière (1) est modifiable en longueur et possède des pinces et des dispositifs d'appui terminaux par lesquels elle peut être bloquée et centrée sur le boîtier de l'instrument à touches.
  16. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que la glissière (1) possède une longueur pré-établie et il est prévu sur la glissière, de préférence sur sa partie inférieure, des dispositifs de calage et d'appui par lesquels la glissière peut être bloquée et centrée sur le boîtier de l'instrument à touches.
EP88108885A 1987-06-09 1988-06-03 Dispositif pour déterminer le rapport force-distance des touches d'un clavier d'un instrument à touches Expired - Lifetime EP0294717B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1445/87 1987-06-09
AT0144587A AT388254B (de) 1987-06-09 1987-06-09 Einrichtung zum ermitteln des kraft-weg-verhaeltnisses von tasten der klaviatur eines tasteninstrumentes

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0294717A2 EP0294717A2 (fr) 1988-12-14
EP0294717A3 EP0294717A3 (en) 1989-11-23
EP0294717B1 true EP0294717B1 (fr) 1992-08-19

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EP88108885A Expired - Lifetime EP0294717B1 (fr) 1987-06-09 1988-06-03 Dispositif pour déterminer le rapport force-distance des touches d'un clavier d'un instrument à touches

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EP (1) EP0294717B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT388254B (fr)
DE (1) DE3873831D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5753840A (en) * 1991-12-26 1998-05-19 Saboia De Albuquerque; Maria Eulalia Support for the arms and hands of a user of a keyboard, drawing, knitting instrument or apparatus
FR2685803B1 (fr) * 1991-12-26 1994-03-25 Saboia De Albuquerque Maria Support pour les bras et mains d'un pianiste.
CN100526844C (zh) * 2007-02-14 2009-08-12 中国计量学院 打火机按钮的按压力及按压力与位移特性曲线检测装置
CN102661825B (zh) * 2012-04-26 2014-10-01 武汉理工大学 按钮力测试装置
EP3495582A1 (fr) 2017-12-08 2019-06-12 Activa Awning Inc. Appareil d'auvent
CN108877743B (zh) * 2018-04-23 2023-01-10 南阳理工学院 一种基于音弦振动信号的钢琴音律校准装置及使用方法

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2058963A1 (de) * 1970-12-01 1972-06-15 Follmann Eugenio V Dipl Ing Elektrisches Tastenanschlagssignalaufnahme-,Regelungs-,und UEbertragungssystem fuer Tasteninstrumente
DD210345A1 (de) * 1982-08-17 1984-06-06 Wolfgang Franke Vorrichtung zur messung der tastenniederdruckkraft bei musikinstrumenten

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT388254B (de) 1989-05-26
EP0294717A3 (en) 1989-11-23
DE3873831D1 (de) 1992-09-24
EP0294717A2 (fr) 1988-12-14
ATE79685T1 (de) 1992-09-15
ATA144587A (de) 1988-10-15

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