EP0289435B1 - Vakuumsofen mit Gaskühlung für Wärmebehandlung - Google Patents

Vakuumsofen mit Gaskühlung für Wärmebehandlung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0289435B1
EP0289435B1 EP88420130A EP88420130A EP0289435B1 EP 0289435 B1 EP0289435 B1 EP 0289435B1 EP 88420130 A EP88420130 A EP 88420130A EP 88420130 A EP88420130 A EP 88420130A EP 0289435 B1 EP0289435 B1 EP 0289435B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
volute
turbine
furnace according
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88420130A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0289435A1 (de
Inventor
Bernard Jomain
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FOURS INDUSTRIELS BMI
Original Assignee
FOURS INDUSTRIELS BMI
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Publication date
Application filed by FOURS INDUSTRIELS BMI filed Critical FOURS INDUSTRIELS BMI
Priority to AT88420130T priority Critical patent/ATE59465T1/de
Publication of EP0289435A1 publication Critical patent/EP0289435A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0289435B1 publication Critical patent/EP0289435B1/de
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/04—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/04—Circulating atmospheres by mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B2005/062—Cooling elements
    • F27B2005/066—Cooling elements disposed around the fan
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F27B2005/161—Gas inflow or outflow
    • F27B2005/162—Gas inflow or outflow through closable or non-closable openings of the chamber walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F27B2005/166—Means to circulate the atmosphere
    • F27B2005/167—Means to circulate the atmosphere the atmosphere being recirculated through the treatment chamber by a turbine

Definitions

  • ovens provided with an annular exchanger located downstream of the turbine generating the cooled gas stream and circulation channels of said stream provided with registers allowing the reversal of the direction of the latter.
  • the presence of the registers creates a flow which enters the heating chamber only on one of its sides to emerge from its opposite side. Under these conditions, only half of the exchanger is used for cooling the gas.
  • very large pressure drops arise around the registers and mainly in the crown surrounding the turbine since the latter has only one outlet, the other being blocked by the register which is closed.
  • the gas flow rate passes through a zero value on the load.
  • the above drawbacks lead to an oversizing of the turbine drive motor, part of the power of which turns into waste heat.
  • the sweeping of the load to be treated is not satisfactory since it only takes place by purely and simply reversing the stream of cooled gas.
  • Ovens of the type in question have also been provided, presenting two opposite streams of the cooled gas so as to form vortices or opposed streams in the heating enclosure. Again, there is a significant pressure drop in the ring arranged around the turbine and around the flaps giving access to the distribution channels of the cooled gas, so that the power of the turbine drive motor must be provided. larger than necessary. As in the aforementioned oven, the flow rate passes through a zero value, which affects the good heat treatment of the load.
  • the improvements which are the subject of the present invention aim to remedy these drawbacks and to allow the production of a vacuum heat treatment oven in which the cooled gas enters the heating chamber in which the load to be treated is located. by carrying out an appropriate sweep so that the load is perfectly well subjected to the action of the cooled gas.
  • the cooled gas is sent into the heating enclosure by means of a rotating volute which on the one hand directs this gas towards said enclosure in orientations which vary over time in order to pass through the spaces located between the rooms to be treat in different successive directions and on the other hand recover the gas used to direct it towards the center of the turbine.
  • This produces an all-round sweep of the load to be treated, without creating pressure drops at the level of the ring surrounding the turbine and in which the exchanger is located which is completely traversed by the gas recycled by the turbine.
  • the rotating scroll is produced in the form of a helical flange formed outside a hollow cylinder, said cylinder comprising at its end where the flange ends in the direction of delivery of the gas, a cutout which is extended by two partitions directed outwards to form a radial recovery passage communicating with the interior of the cylinder, while between the original edge and that of the helical flange there is a free axial space provided with a deflector intended to form a discharge outlet for the gas under pressure in the direction of the heating enclosure.
  • the oven according to the invention which has been illustrated in FIG. 1, essentially comprises in the usual manner, a cylindrical outer casing 1 the rear of which is associated with a bell 2 while its front part is closed by a door 3.
  • an electric motor 4 driving a turbine 5 by means of a shaft passing through a watertight partition 6 closing the envelope 1 opposite the door 3 and from which the bell 2 leaves.
  • the envelope 1 contains an enclosure or laboratory 7 in which a load to be treated 8 is placed, illustrated in broken lines and constituted by a multiplicity of separate pieces stacked on a platform not shown. Note that the enclosure 7 is provided with openings 71 arranged at its two bottoms, while other openings 72 are formed on the side walls (Fig. 4 to 7).
  • a rotating scroll 9 more particularly illustrated in FIG. 2 and 3.
  • This scroll is rotatably mounted relative to the casing 1 by means of a bearing 10.
  • a toothed crown 12 is associated with the volute 9 and meshes with a pinion 13 mounted at the end of a shaft 141 constituting the extension of the output shaft of an electric motor 14.
  • the electric motor 14 drives the continuous or discontinuous rotation of the volute 9.
  • the latter first comprises a hollow cylinder 91 (FIGS. 2 and 3) around which a helical flange 92 is wound, the original edge 921 of which is at one of the ends 911 of said cylinder 91, while the extreme edge 922 of the flange 92 ending at the other end 912 of the cylinder 91 is roughly opposite that 921 to determine an axial free passage 93.
  • the end 911 of the cylinder 91 located at of the edge 921 has a bottom affecting the shape of a chimney 94 having in cross section the shape of a double rounded funnel to constitute in its center an opening 941.
  • the part of the hollow cylinder 91 protruding beyond the helical flange 92 relative to the chimney 94 is cut along a diameter so that its remaining part is connected to two partitions 95, 96 arranged parallel to each other and coming from the two edges thus determined over a diameter of the hollow cylinder 91. These two partitions therefore extend towards the outside and determines a radial recovery channel referenced 97, which communicates with the interior of the hollow cylinder 91.
  • the turbine 5 sucks the gas contained in the casing 1 at its heating chamber 7 through the central opening 941 of the volute 9.
  • This sucked gas is discharged radially to be cooled in contact with the exchanger 11 by following the arrows F.
  • the gas is projected against the face of the helical flange 92 situated opposite the aforementioned exchanger 11, such so that it turns according to the arrows F1 to arrive at the passage 93 which it crosses to be returned by the deflector 98 in an axial direction illustrated by the arrow F2.
  • the gas stream thus discharged enters the enclosure 7 through one or two openings 71, 72 adjacent to this enclosure to exit through one or two corresponding openings arranged diametrically opposite on this enclosure.
  • FIG. 4 to 7 There is thus illustrated in FIG. 4 to 7 the way in which the gas crosses the charge 8. It has been assumed in FIG. 4 that the discharge opening 99 was at the lower part of the casing 1, so that the gas enters the enclosure 7 from below to rise and escape through the other openings of this enclosure. The gas heated in the enclosure 2 in contact with the load 8 is then recovered in the channel 97 to be conducted inside the volute 9 from which it is sucked in by the turbine 5.

Claims (6)

1. Vakuumofen für Wärmebehandlung mit einem Heizraum (7), in dem ein in einem Wärmetauscher (11) abgekühlter Luftstrom zirkuliert, wobei der Wärmetauscher (11) die die Strömung erzeugende Turbine (5) umgibt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das abgekühlte Gas in eine Drehschnecke (9) geleitet wird, die einerseits Mittel (92 bis 99) zum Ausstoßen des Gases in Richtung des Heizraumes (7) mit über die Zeit sich ändernden Orientierungen aufweist, damit die Räume zwischen den zu behandelnden Teilen entsprechend den aufeinanderfolgenden unterschiedlichen Richtungen durchquert werden, und andererseits mit Mitteln (97, 94) versehen ist, die das benutzte Gas wieder sammeln und es zum Zentrum der Turbine (5) lenken.
2. Vakuumofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schnecke (9) in Form eines spiralförmigen Flansches (92) realisiert ist, der am äußeren Ende eines hohlen Zylinders (91) angebracht ist, wobei der Zylinder (91) an seinem Ende (912), an dem der Flansch (92) in Ausstoßrichtung des Gases anstößt, einen Einschnitt aufweist, durch den sich der verbleibende Teil des Zylinders durch zwei nach außen gerichtete Wände (95, 96) verlängern kann, um einen radialen mit dem Inneren des Zylinders (91) in Verbindung stehenden Kanal (97) zu bilden.
3. Vakuumofen nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen Anfangs- (921) und Endkante (922) des spiralförmigen Flansches (92) ein freier axialer Raum (93) vorhanden ist, und daß ein Ablenker (98) von der Anfangskante (921) ausgeht und in axialer Richtung gegenüber der Endkante (922) des Flansches anstößt, um eine Einströmöffnung (98) zu bilden.
4. Vakuumofen nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einströmöffnung (98) diametral dem Sammelkanal (97) gegenüberliegt.
5. Vakuumofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein einstückig mit der Schnecke (9) verbundener Treibkranz (12) mit einem Ritzel (13) in Eingriff steht, das durch ein geeignetes Mittel (14) in Drehung versetzt wird.
6. Vakuumofen nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Antriebsmotor (14) des Ritzels (13) unterschiedliche Geschwindigkeiten aufweist.
EP88420130A 1987-04-28 1988-04-22 Vakuumsofen mit Gaskühlung für Wärmebehandlung Expired - Lifetime EP0289435B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88420130T ATE59465T1 (de) 1987-04-28 1988-04-22 Vakuumsofen mit gaskuehlung fuer waermebehandlung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8706214 1987-04-28
FR8706214A FR2614683B1 (fr) 1987-04-28 1987-04-28 Four de traitement thermique sous vide a refroidissement par courant de gaz

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0289435A1 EP0289435A1 (de) 1988-11-02
EP0289435B1 true EP0289435B1 (de) 1990-12-27

Family

ID=9350705

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88420130A Expired - Lifetime EP0289435B1 (de) 1987-04-28 1988-04-22 Vakuumsofen mit Gaskühlung für Wärmebehandlung

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4836776A (de)
EP (1) EP0289435B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE59465T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1290940C (de)
DE (1) DE3861415D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2020342B3 (de)
FR (1) FR2614683B1 (de)
GR (1) GR3001244T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (17)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3910234C1 (de) * 1989-03-30 1990-04-12 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt, De
US4963091A (en) * 1989-10-23 1990-10-16 Surface Combustion, Inc. Method and apparatus for effecting convective heat transfer in a cylindrical, industrial heat treat furnace
US5228850A (en) * 1989-10-23 1993-07-20 Surface Combustion, Inc. Industrial furnace with improved heat transfer
DE4014630A1 (de) * 1990-05-08 1991-11-14 Dieter Uschkoreit Industrieofen zur waermebehandlung metallischer werkstuecke
FR2701096B1 (fr) * 1993-02-04 1995-03-24 Bmi Fours Ind Four de traitement thermique sous vide à vitesse élevée du courant de gaz de refroidissement.
US5478985A (en) * 1993-09-20 1995-12-26 Surface Combustion, Inc. Heat treat furnace with multi-bar high convective gas quench
US5391077A (en) * 1993-12-23 1995-02-21 Kerr-Mcgee Corporation Drum oven
TW544470B (en) * 2001-02-22 2003-08-01 Chugai Ro Kogyo Kaisha Ltd A gas-cooled single-chamber type heat-treating furnace and a gas cooling process in the furnace
DE602004027043D1 (de) * 2003-06-27 2010-06-17 Ihi Corp Vakuumwärmebehandlungsofen der gaskühlart und kühlgasrichtungsschaltvorrichtung
JP4645592B2 (ja) * 2004-03-18 2011-03-09 株式会社Ｉｈｉ ２室型熱処理炉
US7377774B2 (en) * 2004-09-16 2008-05-27 Ihi Corp. Change-over apparatus for cooling gas passages in vacuum heat treating furnace
US7758339B2 (en) * 2005-08-18 2010-07-20 Jhawar Industries, Inc. Method and apparatus for directional and controlled cooling in vacuum furnaces
CN100591778C (zh) * 2007-09-07 2010-02-24 上海中加电炉有限公司 热风循环烘箱
FR2981665B1 (fr) * 2011-10-21 2013-11-01 Ecm Technologies Cellule de trempe
US9187799B2 (en) 2012-08-13 2015-11-17 William R. Jones 20 bar super quench vacuum furnace
CN103205543B (zh) * 2013-05-05 2014-12-03 沈阳中北真空磁电科技有限公司 一种钕铁硼稀土永磁器件的真空热处理方法和设备
CN103192084B (zh) * 2013-05-05 2015-11-25 沈阳中北真空磁电科技有限公司 一种旋转式真空热处理设备

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US4087994A (en) * 1976-09-07 1978-05-09 The Maytag Company Centrifugal pump with means for precluding airlock
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GR3001244T3 (en) 1992-07-30
DE3861415D1 (de) 1991-02-07
CA1290940C (en) 1991-10-22
FR2614683A1 (fr) 1988-11-04
US4836776A (en) 1989-06-06
FR2614683B1 (fr) 1989-06-16
EP0289435A1 (de) 1988-11-02
ES2020342B3 (es) 1991-08-01
ATE59465T1 (de) 1991-01-15

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