EP0287596B1 - Bruleur pour la combustion de combustible liquide - Google Patents

Bruleur pour la combustion de combustible liquide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0287596B1
EP0287596B1 EP87906554A EP87906554A EP0287596B1 EP 0287596 B1 EP0287596 B1 EP 0287596B1 EP 87906554 A EP87906554 A EP 87906554A EP 87906554 A EP87906554 A EP 87906554A EP 0287596 B1 EP0287596 B1 EP 0287596B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixing chamber
air
housing
chamber
burner according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87906554A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0287596A1 (fr
Inventor
Alois STÖCKL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Olymp-Werk A Schwarz GmbH
Original Assignee
Olymp-Werk A Schwarz GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Olymp-Werk A Schwarz GmbH filed Critical Olymp-Werk A Schwarz GmbH
Publication of EP0287596A1 publication Critical patent/EP0287596A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0287596B1 publication Critical patent/EP0287596B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/101—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet
    • F23D11/102—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet in an internal mixing chamber
    • F23D11/103—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet in an internal mixing chamber with means creating a swirl inside the mixing chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/005—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space with combinations of different spraying or vaporising means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/40—Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
    • F23D11/402—Mixing chambers downstream of the nozzle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
    • F23D11/441—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners
    • F23D11/448—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners heated by electrical means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner for the combustion of liquid fuel, the fuel and air being brought together in a cylindrical mixing chamber, the length of which is greater than their diameter, in which a negative pressure can be produced by removing the air from a chamber surrounding the mixing chamber Air chamber through lateral openings in the housing of the mixing chamber, which extend approximately over the entire length of the housing, is guided into the mixing chamber and forms a cyclone therein and the fuel is let into the mixing chamber in the longitudinal central axis thereof.
  • the object of the invention is to develop a burner which, with an output of 5-15 kW, enables optimum combustion with the highest degree of firing and which is nevertheless inexpensive.
  • the principle of oil gasification was chosen because of the optimal combustion that can be achieved with it.
  • EP-A-28 025 describes a method and an apparatus for producing micro liquid droplets, also in a burner. Here, too, there is no gasification of the heating oil.
  • a burner is known from DE-A-3005042, the mixing chamber of which works in the manner of a compressed air atomizing nozzle.
  • the burner device needs a high atomization pressure. No gas mixture is generated in the mixing chamber, but an oil mist that exits into the combustion chamber.
  • the inlet opening for the oil is located directly on the end face of the mixing chamber.
  • DE-A1-3036841 shows a burner with preheating the heating oil.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a burner which has the advantage that there is immediate coarse atomization of the fuel and then gasification. _.
  • the object of the invention was achieved in that the housing of the mixing chamber can be heated by at least one electrical resistance heating element and that the fuel is introduced into the mixing chamber via a feed pipe which extends into the negative pressure zone of the mixing chamber.
  • the electric heater (s) inserted into the housing of the mixing chamber brings the housing to a temperature of 400 ° C. When this temperature is reached, the combustion air is first supplied and then the oil is supplied.
  • the oil that enters the feed pipe directly into the vacuum zone of the hot air cyclone is roughly atomized by the rotating hot air movement and the vacuum and gasified in a split second by the hot air and radiant heat.
  • the gasified oil is mixed by an additional hot air supply to an air ratio n 1.1 to 1.15.
  • a baffle plate is advantageously arranged on the outlet side of the mixing chamber.
  • the ignitable gas-air mixture is ignited by means of an ignition electrode and burns as a blue flame, absolutely free of soot and almost CO.
  • the radiant heat from the combustion chamber heats the combustion air to 80 to 90%, so that only 10 to 20% electricity (approx. 150-250 watts / h) is required for further gasification.
  • the gasification temperature can be reduced to 300 ° C during operation.
  • the openings through which the air is introduced into the mixing chamber can be rows of holes or slots, or a combination of both.
  • the openings open tangentially into the mixing chamber, as a result of which the best swirl effect is achieved.
  • the burner is advantageously arranged directly in the combustion chamber, so that the air is heated before it enters the mixing chamber.
  • At least one deflection channel is provided for warm air to pass through all openings and cold air not already entering the mixing chamber at the entrance to the air chamber.
  • a heat-dissipating block protruding into the flame is inserted into or formed on the housing of the mixing chamber, or that there is an auxiliary air opening next to the baffle plate.
  • n there is heat dissipation from the flame and in the second case, substoichiometric combustion with an air ratio n of 0.7 to 1.0.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 each show a schematic longitudinal section through a burner according to the invention and FIG. 5 shows a section along the line A-A of FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • the channel-shaped mixing chamber 1 is surrounded by a cylindrical housing 2, into which electrical resistance heating elements 3 are inserted.
  • the lateral openings through which air is led into the mixing chamber 1 are formed by holes 4 and slots 5.
  • the holes 4 and the slots 5 open tangentially into the mixing chamber 1.
  • the air chamber 6 is formed by a housing 7. In the air chamber 6 there is a deflection channel 8, so that the air, as can be seen in the figures of the drawing, is first led from the rear to the front end of the housing 2 and then returned again, whereby it passes through the bores 4 and the slots 5 into the Mixing chamber 1 arrives.
  • the counter heating elements 3 are able to heat the housing 2 to 400 °. As already mentioned, this is only necessary when the burner is started, after which the temperature can be lowered and the temperature from the combustion chamber can be used.
  • the liquid fuel for example light heating oil
  • the feed pipe 9 extends into the vacuum region formed by the tangentially entering air, so that the fuel is roughly atomized immediately.
  • the temperature prevailing in the mixing chamber 1 immediately leads to gasification of the fuel.
  • a baffle plate 10 is arranged on the outlet side of the mixing chamber 1.
  • An ignition rod 11 is located in front of the storage plate 10.
  • a block 12 is arranged at the front end of the housing 2, which protrudes into the storage plate 10 and into the flame.
  • the block 12 causes heat to be dissipated from the flame to the housing 2. This means on the one hand an energy saving and on the other hand a reduction in the NOX values.
  • a reduction in the NOX values is also achieved in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, in which an annular secondary air opening 13 is provided in addition to the storage plate 10.
  • a baffle plate 10 is also arranged on the outlet side of the mixing chamber 1.
  • the housing 2 has a flange 15 on the flame side, which forms the end of the air chamber 6.
  • preheated air in the mixing chamber 1 can pass the baffle plate 10 at the gap 16 and, on the other hand, secondary air reaches the flame through the bores 17 directly from the air chamber 6.
  • a temperature sensor 14 can also be inserted into the housing 2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

Le combustible et l'air sont réunis dans une chambre de mélange (1) cylindrique dans laquelle une dépression peut être créee. L'air est introduit dans la chambre de mélange (1) via des ouvertures latérales pratiquées dans le logement (2) de cette dernière, depuis une chambre d'air (6) circonvoisine de la chambre de mélange (1). Il se forme dans cette dernière un cyclone et le combustible pénètre dans ladite chambre (1) dans l'axe médian longitudinal de cette dernière. Le logement (2) de la chambre de mélange (1) peut être chauffé par au moins un corps de chauffe à résistance électrique (3). La longueur de la chambre de mélange (1) est supérieure à son diamètre, et les ouvertures latérales s'étendent au moins approximativement sur toute la longueur du logement (2) et sont des fentes (5) ou des alésages (4) qui débouchent tangentiellement dans la chambre de mélange (1).

Claims (9)

1. Brûleur pour la combustion d'un combustible liquide, dans lequel le combustible et l'air sont introduits conjointement dans une chambre cylindrique de mélange, dont la longueur est supérieure au diamètre, et dans laquelle une dépression peut être établie par le fait que l'air est introduit dans la chambre de mélange à partir d'une chambre à air, qui entoure la chambre de mélange, par l'intermédiaire d'ouvertures latérales qui sont ménagées dans le carter de la chambre de mélange et s'étendent approximativement sur toute la longueur de ce carter, et forme dans cette dernière un tourbillon, et dans lequel le combustible est introduit dans la chambre de mélange le long de l'axe médian longitudinal de cette dernière, caractérisé en ce que le carter (2) de la chambre de mélange (1) peut être chauffé par au moins un corps chauffant à résistance électrique (3) et que le combustible est introduit dans la chambre de mélange (1) par l'intermédiaire d'un tube d'amenée (9) qui s'étend jusque dans la zone en dépression de la chambre de mélange (1).
2. Brûleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures latérales sont des fentes (5).
3. Brûleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures latérales sont des rangées de perçages (4).
4. Brûleur selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures débouchent tangentiellement dans la chambre de mélange (1).
5. Brûleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un bloc (12), qui pénètre dans la flamme et réalise une évacuation de chaleur, est inséré dans le carter (2) de la chambre de mélange (1) ou est formé sur ce carter.
6. Brûleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un canal déflecteur (8) est prévu dans la chambre à air (6).
7. Brûleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une plaque de refoulement (10) est prévue du côté sortie de la chambre de mélange (1).
8. Brûleur selon les revendications 5 et 7, caractérisé en ce que le bloc (12) passe dans la plaque de refoulement (10).
9. Brûleur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'une ouverture latérale de passage d'air (13) est prévue à côté de la plaque de refoulement (10).
EP87906554A 1986-10-27 1987-10-13 Bruleur pour la combustion de combustible liquide Expired - Lifetime EP0287596B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT2855/86 1986-10-27
AT285586 1986-10-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0287596A1 EP0287596A1 (fr) 1988-10-26
EP0287596B1 true EP0287596B1 (fr) 1990-03-28

Family

ID=3541371

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87906554A Expired - Lifetime EP0287596B1 (fr) 1986-10-27 1987-10-13 Bruleur pour la combustion de combustible liquide

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0287596B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1988003249A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004059148A1 (de) * 2004-12-08 2006-06-14 Webasto Ag Brennervorrichtung für flüssigen Brennstoff

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3824160A1 (de) * 1988-07-16 1990-01-18 Erno Raumfahrttechnik Gmbh Hochleistungstriebwerk
DE19801224A1 (de) * 1998-01-15 1999-07-22 Hohenberg Eberhard Clemm Von Flammrohrausbildung für Brenner
DE19821672A1 (de) * 1998-05-14 1999-11-18 Walter Swoboda Vormischbrenner für flüssige Brennstoffe
ZA200704800B (en) 2004-12-08 2008-10-29 Lpp Comb Llc Method and apparatus for conditioning liquid hydrocarbon fuels
US10422534B2 (en) * 2006-06-26 2019-09-24 Joseph Michael Teets Fuel air premix chamber for a gas turbine engine

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3090420A (en) * 1960-01-20 1963-05-21 Sacco Ernesto Burner for liquid fuels
US4013396A (en) * 1975-08-25 1977-03-22 Tenney William L Fuel aerosolization apparatus and method
DE3005042C2 (de) * 1978-06-28 1986-03-27 Smit Ovens Nijmegen B.V., Nijmegen Brenner für flüssigen Brennstoff mit einer Wirbelkammer
JPS5653308A (en) * 1979-10-03 1981-05-12 Hitachi Ltd Liquid fuel evaporation type combustor
DE3102416A1 (de) * 1981-01-26 1982-08-12 Holec Furnaces B.V., 6500 Nijmegen "brenneranordnung zur verbrennung fluessiger brennstoffe"

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
NTIS Technical Notes, No: 9, part C, September 1984, Technical Information Center, (Oak Ridge, Tennessee, US) "Oil burner with nearly stoichiometric combustion", page 623, see the whole document *
Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol. 8, No: 154 (M-310) (1591), 18 July 1984, & JP, A , 5949417 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004059148A1 (de) * 2004-12-08 2006-06-14 Webasto Ag Brennervorrichtung für flüssigen Brennstoff

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1988003249A1 (fr) 1988-05-05
EP0287596A1 (fr) 1988-10-26

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