EP0284762A2 - Apparatus for cooling synthesis gas in a Quench cooler - Google Patents

Apparatus for cooling synthesis gas in a Quench cooler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0284762A2
EP0284762A2 EP88102397A EP88102397A EP0284762A2 EP 0284762 A2 EP0284762 A2 EP 0284762A2 EP 88102397 A EP88102397 A EP 88102397A EP 88102397 A EP88102397 A EP 88102397A EP 0284762 A2 EP0284762 A2 EP 0284762A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inner jacket
jacket
water
spray nozzles
outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88102397A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0284762A3 (en
EP0284762B1 (en
Inventor
Arnold Dr. Tolle
Manfred Förster
Heinz Haacker
Helmut Wensing
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MAN Gutehoffnungshutte GmbH
Deutsche Babcock Werke Energie und Umwelttechnik AG
Original Assignee
Deutsche Babcock Werke AG
MAN Gutehoffnungshutte GmbH
Deutsche Babcock Werke Energie und Umwelttechnik AG
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Application filed by Deutsche Babcock Werke AG, MAN Gutehoffnungshutte GmbH, Deutsche Babcock Werke Energie und Umwelttechnik AG filed Critical Deutsche Babcock Werke AG
Priority to AT88102397T priority Critical patent/ATE64148T1/en
Publication of EP0284762A2 publication Critical patent/EP0284762A2/en
Publication of EP0284762A3 publication Critical patent/EP0284762A3/en
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Publication of EP0284762B1 publication Critical patent/EP0284762B1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/52—Ash-removing devices
    • C10J3/526—Ash-removing devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C10J3/845—Quench rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S48/00—Gas: heating and illuminating
    • Y10S48/02—Slagging producer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for cooling a synthesis gas generated in a gasification reactor with the aid of a quench cooler according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a known quench cooler (DE-C-2 940 933) the inner jacket is provided with trickle cooling.
  • the application of a water film on the surface of the inner jacket is difficult, since there is a risk that the water to be applied evaporates on the hot surface and thus the water film tears open.
  • the gas generated in the gasification reactor is passed through the water sump, where it is cooled, saturated with water and freed from liquid slag and fly ash.
  • a disadvantage of such quench cooling is that the water from the water sump also absorbs the halogen components of the synthesis gas and is heated by the gas. The water must therefore be subjected to treatment and cooling after the solids have been separated off.
  • the gas entrains water droplets in which fine dust particles are suspended when it exits the water sump. These dust particles can bake on the wall of the cooler and in the subsequent pipes and lead to blockages.
  • the invention has for its object to carry out the cooling of the synthesis gas in the generic device in such a way that the water sump remains free of halogen components and caking of dust is avoided.
  • the water vapor content in the synthesis gas is adjusted by spraying water into the gas stream and not when it passes through the water sump.
  • the surface temperature on the cooled inner jacket becomes approximately the same in normal operation Gasification operating pressure corresponding boiling temperature. The surface temperature is thus far above the saturation temperature corresponding to the water vapor pressure of the synthesis gas, so that undershoots on the inner jacket are reliably avoided.
  • the spray nozzles are arranged, the intermediate section between the reactor outlet and the inner jacket ensures that the reactor outlet is kept warm, so that the reactor outlet is not blocked by solidification of the liquid slag outflow.
  • a quench cooler which contains an outer pressure jacket 1, is flanged to the outlet of a pressure gasification reactor, not shown.
  • the gas inlet 2 of the quench cooler is lined fireproof and has the same diameter as the outlet of the gasification reactor.
  • An intermediate section 3 of enlarged diameter adjoins the gas inlet 2. The height of the intermediate section 3 corresponds to approximately half to a simple value of its diameter.
  • the gas inlet 2 and the intermediate section 3 are provided with refractory heat insulation.
  • the lower part of the inner jacket 5 receives a water sump 6, which is connected to an outlet nozzle 7 at the lower end of the pressure jacket 1.
  • the water sump 6 serves to quench the liquid slag contained in the synthesis gas.
  • the quenched slag is withdrawn from the outlet nozzle 7 together with the water from the water sump 6.
  • one or more gas outlet connections 8 are provided, which are passed through the inner jacket 5 and the pressure jacket 1.
  • guide surfaces 9 are arranged obliquely downwards in the form of a funnel and are led out of the course of the inner casing 5.
  • the lower edges of the guide surfaces 9 project into the interior of the inner casing 5 and are supported on the inner casing 5 by means of pipes 10.
  • the gas flowing through the inner jacket 5 is deflected in this way to improve dust separation before it exits through the gas outlet connection 8.
  • the inner jacket 5 consists of a steel wall, which is provided on the back with an open, pressure-free relative to the process pressure evaporative cooling.
  • the pressure jacket 1 is provided in the lower part with a nozzle 11 which opens into the annular space 4.
  • Treated feed water is fed into the annular space 4 through the nozzle 11.
  • a chamber 12 is formed at the upper end of the annular space 4.
  • Downpipes 13 are arranged in the annular space 4 and are welded into a perforated plate 14. The downpipes 13 are passed through the inner jacket 5 with the lower ends below the level of the gas outlet connection 8 and connect the chamber 12 to the interior of the inner jacket 5, so that there is pressure compensation.
  • the lower ends of the downpipes 13 can end above the water sump 6 or can dip into the water sump 6.
  • the water volume within the annular space 4 is selected so large that in the event of any malfunctions in the quench system over a certain time, which is sufficient to take countermeasures, the entire residual and storage heat accumulated can be dissipated through the open evaporation system. Via the downpipes 13, the water fed continuously through the nozzle 11 during operation and the accumulated saturated steam are passed into the water sump 6.
  • Spray nozzles 15 protrude into the interior of the inner jacket 5.
  • the spray nozzles 15 are installed in cooled lances 16, which are interchangeably passed through the pressure jacket 1 and the inner jacket 5.
  • the spray nozzles 15 can be aligned both axially and radially with respect to the lance 16 or can be inclined downwards.
  • the lances 16 can be horizontal or obliquely downwards directional installed in the quench cooler. A first row of such lances 16 is arranged immediately below the intermediate section 3. Additional lances can be provided below this upper row of lances 16.
  • the front edges of the lances 16 lie on a pitch circle, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the intermediate section 3. In this way, the lances 16 are protected against slag flowing off.
  • the intermediate section 3 serves to ensure that the cooled synthesis gas does not come into contact with the edge of the gas inlet 2 by an internal backflow and would cool it, so that freezing of the slag flowing away, which would lead to a blockage of the gas inlet 2, is avoided becomes.
  • the amount of water added via the spray nozzles 15 is dimensioned such that the water evaporates almost completely and the synthesis gas is cooled to about 300 to 600 degrees C. when it exits through the gas outlet connection 8. At this temperature, the water vapor contained in the synthesis gas does not yet condense out, so that no significant amounts of halogens can get into the water of the water sump 6. The water sump does not heat up, which makes handling of the sump contents easier when discharging the quenched slag.
  • the cooled gas is optionally fed to a further processing system after further cooling in a radiation or convection cooler via a gas scrubber.
  • the inner jacket 5 is designed as a gas-tight tube wall.
  • the tube wall also forms the intermediate section 3.
  • the tubes are laid in a spiral in the tube wall and water is applied to them via tubes 17.
  • the spray nozzles 15 are integrated into the tube wall of the inner jacket 5.
  • the annular space between the inner jacket 5 and the pressure jacket 1 can also be filled with thermal insulation 18. Cooling tubes 19 are guided through this thermal insulation 18.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Defrosting Systems (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

An arrangement for cooling a synthetic gas, generated in a gasification reactor, by means of a quenching cooler. The cooler is positioned below the outlet from the reactor and comprises a refrigerated inner jacket (5) surrounded by a pressurization jacket (1) and accommodating a water sump (6). There is an intermediate section (3) between the inner jacket and the outlet from the gasification reactor that is shorter in diameter than the inner jacket and longer in diameter than the outlet from the reactor. Spray nozzles (15) extend into the inner jacket. One or more gas-outlet connections (8) extend through the inner jacket in a plane above the sump.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Kühlen eines in einem Vergasungsreaktor erzeugten Synthesegases mit Hilfe eines Quenchkühlers nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a device for cooling a synthesis gas generated in a gasification reactor with the aid of a quench cooler according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei einem bekannten Quenchkühler (DE-C-2 940 933) ist der Innenmantel mit einer Rieselkühlung versehen. Das Aufbringen eines Wasserfilmes auf die Oberfläche des Innenmantels ist schwierig, da die Gefahr besteht, daß das aufzubringende Wasser an der heißen Oberfläche verdampft und somit der Wasserfilm aufreißt. Das in dem Vergasungsreaktor erzeugte Gas wird bei dem bekannten Quenchkühler durch den Wassersumpf hindurchgeführt, wobei es gekühlt, mit Wasser gesättigt und von flüssiger Schlacke und Flugasche befreit wird. Ungünstig bei einer solchen Quenchkühlung ist, daß das Wasser des Wassersumpfes auch die Halogen-Bestandteile des Synthesegases aufnimmt und durch das Gas erwärmt wird. Das Wasser muß daher nach dem Abtrennen der Feststoffe einer Aufbereitung und Kühlung unterworfen werden. Weiterhin besteht bei dem bekannten Quenchkühler die Gefahr, daß das Gas bei dem Austritt aus dem Wassersumpf Wassertropfen mitreißt, in denen feine Staubteilchen suspendiert sind. Diese Staubteilchen können an der Wand des Kühlers und in den nachfolgenden Rohrleitungen anbacken und zu Verstopfungen führen.In a known quench cooler (DE-C-2 940 933) the inner jacket is provided with trickle cooling. The application of a water film on the surface of the inner jacket is difficult, since there is a risk that the water to be applied evaporates on the hot surface and thus the water film tears open. In the known quench cooler, the gas generated in the gasification reactor is passed through the water sump, where it is cooled, saturated with water and freed from liquid slag and fly ash. A disadvantage of such quench cooling is that the water from the water sump also absorbs the halogen components of the synthesis gas and is heated by the gas. The water must therefore be subjected to treatment and cooling after the solids have been separated off. Furthermore, in the known quench cooler, there is the risk that the gas entrains water droplets in which fine dust particles are suspended when it exits the water sump. These dust particles can bake on the wall of the cooler and in the subsequent pipes and lead to blockages.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Kühlung des Synthesegases in der gattungsgemäßen Vorrichtung derart zu führen, daß der Wassersumpf frei von Halogen-Bestandteilen bleibt und Anbackungen von Staub vermieden werden.The invention has for its object to carry out the cooling of the synthesis gas in the generic device in such a way that the water sump remains free of halogen components and caking of dust is avoided.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer gattungsgemäßen Vorrichtung erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved according to the invention in a generic device by the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Bei dieser Vorrichtung wird der Wasserdampfgehalt im Synthesegas durch Einsprühen von Wasser in den Gasstrom und nicht beim Durchtritt durch den Wassersumpf eingestellt. Die Oberflächentemperatur an dem gekühlten Innenmantel wird im Normalbetrieb etwa gleich der dem Vergasungsbetriebsdruck entsprechenden Siedetemperatur sein. Die Oberflächentemperatur liegt damit weit über der dem Wasserdampfdruck des Synthesegases entsprechenden Sättigungstemperatur, so daß Taupunktunterschreitungen an dem Innenmantel sicher vermieden werden. Bei der Anordnung der Sprühdüsen wird durch den Zwischenabschnitt zwischen dem Reaktorausgang und dem Innenmantel erreicht, daß der Reaktorausgang warmgehalten wird, so daß ein Verstopfen des Reaktorausganges durch Erstarren des flüssigen Schlackeabflusses verhindert wird.In this device, the water vapor content in the synthesis gas is adjusted by spraying water into the gas stream and not when it passes through the water sump. The surface temperature on the cooled inner jacket becomes approximately the same in normal operation Gasification operating pressure corresponding boiling temperature. The surface temperature is thus far above the saturation temperature corresponding to the water vapor pressure of the synthesis gas, so that undershoots on the inner jacket are reliably avoided. When the spray nozzles are arranged, the intermediate section between the reactor outlet and the inner jacket ensures that the reactor outlet is kept warm, so that the reactor outlet is not blocked by solidification of the liquid slag outflow.

Mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 den Längsschnitt durch eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung,
  • Fig. 2 und 3 im Längsschnitt andere Ausführungsformen der Erfindung und
  • Fig. 4 die Einzelheit Z nach Fig. 1
Several embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are explained in more detail below. Show it:
  • 1 shows the longitudinal section through an embodiment of the invention,
  • 2 and 3 in longitudinal section other embodiments of the invention and
  • 4 shows the detail Z according to FIG. 1

An den Ausgang eines nicht dargestellten Druckvergasungsreaktors ist ein Quenchkühler angeflanscht, der einen äußeren Druckmantel 1 enthält. Der Gaseintritt 2 des Quenchkühlers ist feuerfest ausgekleidet und weist denselben Durchmesser auf wie der Ausgang des Vergasungsreaktors. An den Gaseintritt 2 schließt sich ein Zwischenabschnitt 3 von vergrößertem Durchmesser an. Die Höhe des Zwischenabschnittes 3 entspricht etwa dem halben bis einfachen Wert seines Durchmessers. Der Gaseintritt 2 und der Zwischenabschnitt 3 sind mit einer feuerfesten Wärmeisolierung versehen.A quench cooler, which contains an outer pressure jacket 1, is flanged to the outlet of a pressure gasification reactor, not shown. The gas inlet 2 of the quench cooler is lined fireproof and has the same diameter as the outlet of the gasification reactor. An intermediate section 3 of enlarged diameter adjoins the gas inlet 2. The height of the intermediate section 3 corresponds to approximately half to a simple value of its diameter. The gas inlet 2 and the intermediate section 3 are provided with refractory heat insulation.

Unterhalb des Gaseintrittes 2 ist mit Abstand von dem Druckmantel 1 unter Bildung eines Ringraumes 4 ein Innenmantel 5 angeordnet, der mit dem Druckmantel 1 dicht verbunden ist. Der untere Teil des Innenmantels 5 nimmt einen Wassersumpf 6 auf, der mit einem Austrittsstutzen 7 am unteren Ende des Druckmantels 1 in Verbindung steht. Der Wassersumpf 6 dient dazu, die in dem Synthesegas enthaltene flüssige Schlacke abzuschrecken. Die abgeschreckte Schlacke wird zusammen mit dem Wasser des Wassersumpfes 6 aus dem Austrittsstutzen 7 abgezogen.An inner jacket 5, which is tightly connected to the pressure jacket 1, is arranged below the gas inlet 2 at a distance from the pressure jacket 1 to form an annular space 4. The lower part of the inner jacket 5 receives a water sump 6, which is connected to an outlet nozzle 7 at the lower end of the pressure jacket 1. The water sump 6 serves to quench the liquid slag contained in the synthesis gas. The quenched slag is withdrawn from the outlet nozzle 7 together with the water from the water sump 6.

Oberhalb des Wassersumpfes 6 sind ein oder mehrere Gasaustrittsstutzen 8 vorgesehen, die durch den Innenmantel 5 und den Druckmantel 1 hindurchgeführt sind. Vor der Eintrittsebene der Gasaustrittsstutzen 8 sind schräg nach unten gerichtete Leitflächen 9 in Form eines Trichters angeordnet, die aus dem Verlauf des Innenmantels 5 herausgeführt sind. Die Unterkanten der Leitflächen 9 springen in den Innenraum des Innenmantels 5 vor und sind über Rohre 10 an dem Innenmantel 5 abgestützt. Das den Innenmantel 5 durchströmende Gas wird auf diese Weise zur Verbesserung der Staubabscheidung umgelenkt, bevor es durch die Gasaustrittsstutzen 8 austritt.Above the water sump 6, one or more gas outlet connections 8 are provided, which are passed through the inner jacket 5 and the pressure jacket 1. In front of the inlet plane of the gas outlet connection 8, guide surfaces 9 are arranged obliquely downwards in the form of a funnel and are led out of the course of the inner casing 5. The lower edges of the guide surfaces 9 project into the interior of the inner casing 5 and are supported on the inner casing 5 by means of pipes 10. The gas flowing through the inner jacket 5 is deflected in this way to improve dust separation before it exits through the gas outlet connection 8.

Nach Fig. 1 besteht der Innenmantel 5 aus einer Stahlwand, die auf der Rückseite mit einer offenen, relativ zum Prozeßdruck drucklosen Verdampfungskühlung versehen ist. Zu diesem Zweck ist der Druckmantel 1 im unteren Teil mit einem Stutzen 11 versehen, der in den Ringraum 4 einmündet. Durch den Stutzen 11 wird aufbereitetes Speisewasser in den Ringraum 4 eingespeist. Am oberen Ende des Ringraumes 4 ist eine Kammer 12 gebildet. In dem Ringraum 4 sind Fallrohre 13 angeordnet, die in ein Lochblech 14 eingeschweißt sind. Die Fallrohre 13 sind mit den unteren Enden unterhalb der Ebene der Gasaustrittsstutzen 8 durch den Innenmantel 5 hindurchgeführt und verbinden die Kammer 12 mit dem Innenraum des Innenmantels 5, so daß ein Druckausgleich besteht. Die unteren Enden der Fallrohre 13 können oberhalb des Wassersumpfes 6 enden, oder in den Wassersumpf 6 eintauchen. Das Wasservolumen innerhalb des Ringraumes 4 ist so groß gewählt, daß bei eventuellen Störfällen am Quenchsystem über eine gewisse Zeit, die ausreicht um Gegenmaßnahmen zu treffen, die gesamte anfallende Rest- und Speicherwärme durch das offene Ausdampfsystem abgeführt werden kann. Über die Fallrohre 13 wird das im Betrieb kontinuierlich über den Stutzen 11 eingespeiste Wasser sowie der anfallende Sattdampf in den Wassersumpf 6 geleitet.According to Fig. 1, the inner jacket 5 consists of a steel wall, which is provided on the back with an open, pressure-free relative to the process pressure evaporative cooling. For this purpose, the pressure jacket 1 is provided in the lower part with a nozzle 11 which opens into the annular space 4. Treated feed water is fed into the annular space 4 through the nozzle 11. At the upper end of the annular space 4, a chamber 12 is formed. Downpipes 13 are arranged in the annular space 4 and are welded into a perforated plate 14. The downpipes 13 are passed through the inner jacket 5 with the lower ends below the level of the gas outlet connection 8 and connect the chamber 12 to the interior of the inner jacket 5, so that there is pressure compensation. The lower ends of the downpipes 13 can end above the water sump 6 or can dip into the water sump 6. The water volume within the annular space 4 is selected so large that in the event of any malfunctions in the quench system over a certain time, which is sufficient to take countermeasures, the entire residual and storage heat accumulated can be dissipated through the open evaporation system. Via the downpipes 13, the water fed continuously through the nozzle 11 during operation and the accumulated saturated steam are passed into the water sump 6.

In den Innenraum des Innenmantels 5 ragen Sprühdüsen 15 hinein. Die Sprühdüsen 15 sind in gekühlte Lanzen 16 eingebaut, die auswechselbar durch den Druckmantel 1 und den Innenmantel 5 hindurchgeführt sind. Wie in Fig. 4 zu erkennen ist, können die Sprühdüsen 15 sowohl axial als auch radial zur Lanze 16 ausgerichtet oder schräg nach unten geneigt sein. Die Lanzen 16 können horizontal oder schräg nach unten gerichtet in dem Quenchkühler eingebaut sein. Eine erste Reihe solcher Lanzen 16 ist unmittelbar unterhalb des Zwischenabschnittes 3 angeordnet. Weitere Lanzen können unterhalb dieser oberen Reihe von Lanzen 16 vorgesehen werden.Spray nozzles 15 protrude into the interior of the inner jacket 5. The spray nozzles 15 are installed in cooled lances 16, which are interchangeably passed through the pressure jacket 1 and the inner jacket 5. As can be seen in FIG. 4, the spray nozzles 15 can be aligned both axially and radially with respect to the lance 16 or can be inclined downwards. The lances 16 can be horizontal or obliquely downwards directional installed in the quench cooler. A first row of such lances 16 is arranged immediately below the intermediate section 3. Additional lances can be provided below this upper row of lances 16.

Die Vorderkanten der Lanzen 16 liegen auf einem Teilkreis, dessen Durchmesser größer ist als der Durchmesser des Zwischenabschnittes 3. Auf diese Weise werden die Lanzen 16 vor abfließender Schlacke geschützt. Im übrigen dient der Zwischenabschnitt 3 dazu, daß das abgekühlte Synthesegas durch eine interne Rückströmung nicht mit der Kante des Gaseintrittes 2 in Berührung kommt und diese abkühlen würde, so daß ein Einfrieren der abfließenden Schlacke, das zu einem Verstopfen des Gaseintrittes 2 führen würde, vermieden wird.The front edges of the lances 16 lie on a pitch circle, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the intermediate section 3. In this way, the lances 16 are protected against slag flowing off. In addition, the intermediate section 3 serves to ensure that the cooled synthesis gas does not come into contact with the edge of the gas inlet 2 by an internal backflow and would cool it, so that freezing of the slag flowing away, which would lead to a blockage of the gas inlet 2, is avoided becomes.

Durch die Kühlung des Innenmantels 5 nimmt dieser eine Oberflächentemperatur an, die oberhalb des Taupunktes des Synthesegases liegt. Die über die Sprühdüsen 15 aufgegebene Wassermenge ist so bemessen, daß das Wasser nahezu vollständig verdampft und das Synthesegas beim Austritt durch die Gasaustrittsstutzen 8 auf etwa 300 bis 600 Grad C abgekühlt ist. Bei dieser Temperatur kondensiert der in dem Synthesegas enthaltene Wasserdampf noch nicht aus, so daß keine nennenswerten Mengen an Halogenen in das Wasser des Wassersumpfes 6 gelangen können. Eine Aufheizung des Wassersumpfes unterbleibt, wodurch die Handhabung des Sumpfinhaltes beim Austragen der abgeschreckten Schlacke erleichtert wird. Das abgekühlte Gas wird gegebenenfalls nach einer weiteren Abkühlung in einem Strahlungs- ­oder Konvektionskühler über einen Gaswäscher einer Weiterverarbeitungsanlage zugeführt.As a result of the cooling of the inner jacket 5, this takes on a surface temperature which is above the dew point of the synthesis gas. The amount of water added via the spray nozzles 15 is dimensioned such that the water evaporates almost completely and the synthesis gas is cooled to about 300 to 600 degrees C. when it exits through the gas outlet connection 8. At this temperature, the water vapor contained in the synthesis gas does not yet condense out, so that no significant amounts of halogens can get into the water of the water sump 6. The water sump does not heat up, which makes handling of the sump contents easier when discharging the quenched slag. The cooled gas is optionally fed to a further processing system after further cooling in a radiation or convection cooler via a gas scrubber.

Nach Fig. 2 ist der Innenmantel 5 als gasdichte Rohrwand ausgebildet. Die Rohrwand bildet auch den Zwischenabschnitt 3. Die Rohre sind in der Rohrwand spiralförmig verlegt und werden über Rohre 17 mit Wasser beaufschlagt. Bei dieser Anordnung sind die Sprühdüsen 15 in die Rohrwand des Innenmantels 5 integriert.2, the inner jacket 5 is designed as a gas-tight tube wall. The tube wall also forms the intermediate section 3. The tubes are laid in a spiral in the tube wall and water is applied to them via tubes 17. In this arrangement, the spray nozzles 15 are integrated into the tube wall of the inner jacket 5.

Wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist, kann der Ringraum zwischen dem Innenmantel 5 und dem Druckmantel 1 auch mit einer Wärmeisolierung 18 ausgefüllt sein. Durch diese Wärmeisolierung 18 sind Kühlrohre 19 geführt.As shown in FIG. 3, the annular space between the inner jacket 5 and the pressure jacket 1 can also be filled with thermal insulation 18. Cooling tubes 19 are guided through this thermal insulation 18.

Claims (13)

1. Vorrichtung zum Kühlen eines in einem Vergasungsreaktor erzeugten Synthesegases mit Hilfe eines Quenchkühlers, der unterhalb des Ausganges des Vergasungsreaktors angeordnet ist und einen gekühlten Innenmantel (5) umfaßt, der in einem Abstand von einem Druckmantel (1) umgeben ist und einen Wassersumpf (6) aufnimmt, wobei zwischen dem Innenmantel (5) und dem Ausgang des Vergasungsreaktors ein Zwischenabschnitt (3) angeordnet ist, dessen Durchmesser geringer ist als der des Innenmantels (5) und größer als der des Ausganges des Vergasungsreaktors, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Innenraum des Innenmantels (5) Sprühdüsen (15) hineinragen und daß ein oder mehrere Gasaustrittsstutzen (8) in einer Ebene oberhalb des Wassersumpfes (6) durch den Innenmantel (5) hindurchgeführt sind.1. Device for cooling a synthesis gas generated in a gasification reactor with the aid of a quench cooler, which is arranged below the outlet of the gasification reactor and comprises a cooled inner jacket (5), which is surrounded at a distance by a pressure jacket (1) and a water sump (6 ) receives, an intermediate section (3) being arranged between the inner jacket (5) and the outlet of the gasification reactor, the diameter of which is smaller than that of the inner jacket (5) and larger than that of the outlet of the gasification reactor, characterized in that in the interior of the inner jacket (5) protrude spray nozzles (15) and that one or more gas outlet connections (8) are passed through the inner jacket (5) in a plane above the water sump (6). 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vor der Eintrittsebene der Gasaustrittsstutzen (8) Leitflächen (9) angeordnet sind, die aus dem Verlauf des Innenmantels (5) austreten und deren Unterkanten in den Innenraum des Innenmantels (5) vorspringen.2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that guide surfaces (9) are arranged in front of the inlet plane of the gas outlet connection (8), which emerge from the course of the inner casing (5) and whose lower edges project into the interior of the inner casing (5). 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorderkanten der Sprühdüsen (15) auf einem Teilkreis angeordnet sind, der größer ist als der Durchmesser des Zwischenabschnittes (3).3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the front edges of the spray nozzles (15) are arranged on a pitch circle which is larger than the diameter of the intermediate section (3). 4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen dem Innenmantel (5) und dem Druckmantel (1) eine zum Innenraum des Innenmantels (5) hin offene, differenzdrucklose Verdampfungskühlung vorgesehen ist.4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that between the inner jacket (5) and the pressure jacket (1) to the interior of the inner jacket (5) open, differential pressure-free evaporative cooling is provided. 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ringraum (4) zwischen dem Druckmantel (1) und dem Innenmantel (5) mit Wasser gefüllt ist und am oberen Ende eine Kammer (12) aufweist und daß in dem Ringraum (4) Fallrohre (13) angeordnet sind, die unterhalb der Gasaustrittsstutzen (8) durch den Innenmantel (5) hindurchgeführt sind und die Kammer (12) mit dem Innenraum des Innenmantels (5) verbinden.5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the annular space (4) between the pressure jacket (1) and the inner jacket (5) is filled with water and has a chamber (12) at the upper end and that in the annular space (4) Downpipes (13) are arranged, which are guided below the gas outlet connections (8) through the inner jacket (5) and connect the chamber (12) to the interior of the inner jacket (5). 6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fallrohre (13) oberhalb des Wassersumpfes (6) enden.6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the downpipes (13) end above the water sump (6). 7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fallrohre (13) in den Wassersumpf (6) eintauchen.7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the downpipes (13) immerse in the water sump (6). 8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Innenmantel (5) aus einer gasdichten, von Wasser durchströmten Rohrwand besteht.8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the inner jacket (5) consists of a gas-tight pipe wall through which water flows. 9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ringraum (4) zwischen dem Innenmantel (5) und dem Druckmantel (1) mit einer Wärmeisolierung (18) ausgefüllt ist, durch die Kühlrohre (19) geführt sind.9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the annular space (4) between the inner jacket (5) and the pressure jacket (1) is filled with thermal insulation (18) through which cooling pipes (19) are guided. 10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sprühdüsen (15) in auswechselbaren, gekühlten Lanzen (16) angeordnet sind.10. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the spray nozzles (15) are arranged in exchangeable, cooled lances (16). 11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sprühdüsen (15) in den Innenmantel (5) integriert sind.11. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the spray nozzles (15) in the inner casing (5) are integrated. 12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lanzen (16) schräg nach unten gerichtet sind.12. The apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the lances (16) are directed obliquely downwards. 13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sprühdüsen (15) oder die Lanzen (16) in mehreren Ebenen übereinander angeordnet sind.13. The apparatus of claim 3 or 10, characterized in that the spray nozzles (15) or the lances (16) are arranged one above the other in several planes.
EP88102397A 1987-04-03 1988-02-19 Apparatus for cooling synthesis gas in a quench cooler Expired - Lifetime EP0284762B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88102397T ATE64148T1 (en) 1987-04-03 1988-02-19 DEVICE FOR COOLING A SYNTHESIS GAS IN A QUENCH REFRIGERATOR.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19873711314 DE3711314A1 (en) 1987-04-03 1987-04-03 DEVICE FOR COOLING A SYNTHESIS GAS IN A QUENCH COOLER
DE3711314 1987-04-03

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EP0284762A2 true EP0284762A2 (en) 1988-10-05
EP0284762A3 EP0284762A3 (en) 1989-02-08
EP0284762B1 EP0284762B1 (en) 1991-06-05

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US (1) US4848982A (en)
EP (1) EP0284762B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS63260986A (en)
CN (1) CN1014071B (en)
AT (1) ATE64148T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3711314A1 (en)
FI (1) FI88807C (en)
ZA (1) ZA881409B (en)

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EP0433579A1 (en) * 1989-11-17 1991-06-26 Krupp Koppers GmbH Process and apparatus for cooling rough gas from partial oxidation
EP0586837A2 (en) * 1992-09-09 1994-03-16 Deutsche Babcock Energie- und Umwelttechnik Aktiengesellschaft Device for cooling hot gases
WO1998045388A2 (en) * 1997-04-08 1998-10-15 Metallgesellschaft Ag Synthesis gas generator with combustion and quench chambers
EP1939271A1 (en) 2006-12-18 2008-07-02 Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne Inc. Dump cooled gasifier
WO2009033543A1 (en) * 2007-09-07 2009-03-19 Choren Industries Gmbh Method and device for treating charged hot gas
DE102010045482A1 (en) 2010-09-16 2012-03-22 Choren Industries Gmbh Slag treatment device for coal gasifier plant, has dip tube with inner and outer pipes between which annular gap is formed and connected with annular coolant chamber, and coolant feed pipe connected at lower portion of dip tube
WO2012034700A2 (en) 2010-09-16 2012-03-22 Choren Industries Gmbh Device and method for treating a hot gas flow containing slag
EP2598615A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2013-06-05 Gasek OY Method and apparatus for gasifying solid fuel

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CN1919980B (en) * 2005-08-24 2012-07-04 未来能源有限公司 Gasification method and device for producing synthesis gases by partial oxidation of fuels containing ash at elevated pressure and with quench-cooling of the crude gas
DE102005043212A1 (en) * 2005-09-09 2007-03-15 Future Energy Gmbh Solid fuel, e.g. anthracite or gasification, for e.g. fluidized bed reactor, involves taking water-washed raw gas for deposition of particulate matters of partial condensation, where raw gas is indirectly cooled at preset temperature
DE102006031816B4 (en) * 2006-07-07 2008-04-30 Siemens Fuel Gasification Technology Gmbh Method and device for cooling hot gases and liquefied slag in entrained flow gasification
DE102007006990B4 (en) * 2007-02-07 2016-03-10 Air Liquide Global E&C Solutions Germany Gmbh Process and apparatus for the conversion of raw gases in the partial oxidation of gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons
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EP0433579A1 (en) * 1989-11-17 1991-06-26 Krupp Koppers GmbH Process and apparatus for cooling rough gas from partial oxidation
EP0586837A2 (en) * 1992-09-09 1994-03-16 Deutsche Babcock Energie- und Umwelttechnik Aktiengesellschaft Device for cooling hot gases
EP0586837A3 (en) * 1992-09-09 1994-05-18 Babcock Energie Umwelt Device for cooling hot gases
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US7740671B2 (en) 2006-12-18 2010-06-22 Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne, Inc. Dump cooled gasifier
EP1939271A1 (en) 2006-12-18 2008-07-02 Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne Inc. Dump cooled gasifier
WO2009033543A1 (en) * 2007-09-07 2009-03-19 Choren Industries Gmbh Method and device for treating charged hot gas
CN101809125A (en) * 2007-09-07 2010-08-18 科林工业有限公司 Method and device for treating charged hot gas
EP2598615A1 (en) * 2010-06-18 2013-06-05 Gasek OY Method and apparatus for gasifying solid fuel
EP2598615A4 (en) * 2010-06-18 2014-03-19 Gasek Oy Method and apparatus for gasifying solid fuel
DE102010045482A1 (en) 2010-09-16 2012-03-22 Choren Industries Gmbh Slag treatment device for coal gasifier plant, has dip tube with inner and outer pipes between which annular gap is formed and connected with annular coolant chamber, and coolant feed pipe connected at lower portion of dip tube
WO2012034700A2 (en) 2010-09-16 2012-03-22 Choren Industries Gmbh Device and method for treating a hot gas flow containing slag
US8945286B2 (en) 2010-09-16 2015-02-03 Ccg Energy Technology Company Ltd. Device and method for treating a hot gas flow containing slag

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI881329A0 (en) 1988-03-21
DE3863104D1 (en) 1991-07-11
FI88807B (en) 1993-03-31
FI88807C (en) 1993-07-12
US4848982A (en) 1989-07-18
CN88101732A (en) 1988-10-19
FI881329A (en) 1988-10-04
EP0284762A3 (en) 1989-02-08
ZA881409B (en) 1988-09-15
DE3711314A1 (en) 1988-10-13
CN1014071B (en) 1991-09-25
ATE64148T1 (en) 1991-06-15
EP0284762B1 (en) 1991-06-05
JPS63260986A (en) 1988-10-27

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