EP0282416B1 - Schrämmaschine mit einem beweglich auf einer gewölbt gebogenen und zu ihrer Achse schrägen Führung montierten Schrämmkopf - Google Patents

Schrämmaschine mit einem beweglich auf einer gewölbt gebogenen und zu ihrer Achse schrägen Führung montierten Schrämmkopf Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0282416B1
EP0282416B1 EP19880400570 EP88400570A EP0282416B1 EP 0282416 B1 EP0282416 B1 EP 0282416B1 EP 19880400570 EP19880400570 EP 19880400570 EP 88400570 A EP88400570 A EP 88400570A EP 0282416 B1 EP0282416 B1 EP 0282416B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
guide
cutting machine
traveller
machine according
shoe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19880400570
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0282416A1 (de
Inventor
Robert Longelin
Yves Le Goer
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PERFOREX
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PERFOREX
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/04—Driving tunnels or galleries through loose materials; Apparatus therefor not otherwise provided for
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/1053—Making by using boring or cutting machines for making a slit along the perimeter of the tunnel profile, the remaining core being removed subsequently, e.g. by blasting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to cutting machines of the kind comprising, for the execution of a curved grooving in a working face, on the one hand, a fixed guide, at least part of which is generally bent in cylindrical vault shape, following a profile which is like that of the groove to be executed, and, on the other hand, a carriage, which, mounted movably on such a guide, is suitable for supporting a head of havage, said guide comprising in practice two guide rails with each of which engages said carriage.
  • the guide along which the carriage carrying the lifting head is mounted to be movable is a straight guide, that is to say a guide which extends generally along a plane perpendicular to the generatrices of the vault. that it forms.
  • each span to be leveled proceed in two passes, namely a first pass, during which only the upper part of the gallery is leveled, and a second pass during which its lower part is his turn scorched.
  • the present invention generally relates to a provision for working at full section even in the case of a gallery of relatively large opening.
  • a cutting machine of the kind comprising, for the execution of a curved groove in a cutting face, a fixed guide at least part of which is generally curved in the form of a cylindrical arch, according to a profile which is like that of the groove to be executed, and a carriage which, movably mounted on said guide, is suitable for supporting a cutting head, said guide comprising, parallel to one another , two guide rails with each of which engages said carriage, this cutting machine being generally characterized in that the plane along which the guide generally extends is oblique with respect to the generators of the vault which it form, with its middle part offset forwardly relative to its ends, and in that, for its engagement with this guide, the carriage comprises, distinctly, on the one hand, two shoes, which, each respectively, are engaged with two guide rails that comprises said guide, and, on the other hand, a body, which, established from one of said shoes to the other, is connected to each of these by rotary means.
  • the guide of the carriage carrying the cutting head is tilted forward.
  • the working face can itself be tilted.
  • the rotary means established for this purpose between the body of the carriage and each of its shoes include a connecting barrel, for example cylin drique or patulaire, which is integral with any of the elements that constitute such a body and such a shoe, and a housing which is formed in the other of said elements and with which is engaged such a connecting barrel, and, from one shoe to another, the connecting barrels thus provided between these shoes and this body are aligned with each other along the axis of said body, parallel to the generatrices of the arch formed by the guide along which the whole moves.
  • a connecting barrel for example cylin drique or patulaire
  • the carriage can very simply follow its guide without risk of jamming, even when, as desired, the latter is tilted, while permanently retaining for its body, that is to say the part carrying the cutting head.
  • the pre-arch 13 is formed of arch elements 15, which, each generally frustoconical, successively overlap two by two at their ends, in the manner of scales.
  • the bolting of the arch elements 15 of the pre-arch 13 is preferably carried out before the final arch is established, using threaded tie rods 16 anchored by screwing into the roof of the gallery 10, said threaded tie rods 16 serving jointly to support a trellis or mesh 18 suitable for securing a layer of shotcrete.
  • the cutting machine 21 implemented for this purpose comprises, carried by a frame 22, a fixed guide 23, at least part of which is generally curved in the form of a cylindrical arch, according to a profile which is at the image of that of the groove 20 to be executed, and with generators which are parallel to the axis A, identified by its trace in FIG. 2, of the gallery 10 to be dug, and a carriage 25 which, mounted mobile on the guide 23 is suitable for supporting a cutting head 26.
  • the transverse profile of the roof of the gallery 10 to be dug is circular, extending in practice over 180 •, and so it is the same for the groove 20 to be executed in the cutting face 11 as for the guide 23 of the carriage 25.
  • the axis A of the gallery to be dug is assumed to be horizontal, it goes without saying that it may as well be more or less inclined to the horizontal.
  • the frame 22 of the cutting machine 21 comprises, parallel to one another, at a distance from one of the other, two boxes 27, which are each capable of bearing on the ground, and therefore on the floor 12, by temporary supports 28, and in which are each respectively mounted mobile in translation two longitudinal members 29.
  • These beams 29 are themselves each provided with a support cylinder 30 at each of their ends, and they thus constitute, in cooperation with the caissons 27, a walking base suitable for allowing longitudinal movement of the cutting machine 21 , this bearing alternately on the raft 12 sometimes by the temporary supports 28 of said boxes 27, sometimes by the jacks 30 of said beams 29, alternating with phases of longitudinal displacement of the latter in the boxes 27.
  • the jacks 30 provided at the ends of the side members 29 are arranged at the end of arms hinged to them, to also allow lateral movement of the cutting machine 21.
  • the boxes 27 are connected to each other by the guide in the form of a cylindrical arch 23.
  • the transverse plane which generally extends the guide 23, assuming, of course, this guide 23 reduced, for the convenience of the presentation, to such a plane, which is for example the transverse plane median M shown schematically by its trace in Figure 1, is oblique to the generators G of the vault it forms, these generators G, only one of which is shown schematically in Figure 1, being in practice parallel to the axis A of all.
  • the guide 23 is inclined relative to this axis A, with its median or top part 32 offset forwardly relative to its ends 33.
  • the inclination 1 of the guide 23, appreciated for example with respect to a direction V perpendicular to the axis A of the assembly, and therefore, in the embodiment shown, with respect to the vertical , is around 20 ° .
  • the cutting face 11 may itself, as shown, be inclined, in practice following an inclination equal to that of the guide 23, which minimizes the risk of landslides.
  • the guide 23 comprises, parallel to one another, at a distance from each other, and according to its own inclination, two guide rails 35 with each of which is engaged, for its guide, the carriage 25 carrying the cutting head 26.
  • the guide rails 35 each extend respectively along the edges of the guide 23.
  • the carriage 25 comprises, distinctly, on the one hand, two shoes 39, which, each respectively, are engaged with the two guide rails 35 which comprises the guide 23, and, on the other hand , a body 40, which, established from one of said shoes 39 to the other, is connected to each of these by rotary means.
  • the body 40 of the carriage 25 forms the main part thereof.
  • This body 40 not being itself the object of the present invention, it will not be described in detail here either.
  • this motor 43 drives two Maltese crosses 44 which, each respectively, mesh with the bars 45 of two scales 46 carried, for this purpose, on its upper surface, by the deck 37 forming the middle part of the guide 23.
  • each of the shoes 39 of the carriage 25 has a sole 48, which, according to arrangements described in more detail below, is connected to the body 40 of this carriage 25 by the associated rotary means, and on which are rotatably mounted rollers 49, with parallel axes, by which it is capable of enclosing the corresponding guide rail 35 of the guide 23, along the two opposite edges of this guide rail 35.
  • the sole 48 thus presented by a shoe 39 of the carriage 25 has a generally triangular outline, and, for such a shoe, there are, therefore, generally arranged in a triangle at the angles of this sole 48 , on the one hand, two rollers 49, established at a distance from each other by a first on the side of the guide rail 35 concerned, in this case on the internal side of this guide rail, that is to say that is to say on the side of this guide rail corresponding to the trough 36 which connects it to the deck 37 forming the middle part of the guide 23, this trough 36 very precisely allowing these rollers 49 to extend transversely relative to the assembly , and, on the other hand, a single roller 49 established on the other side of said guide rail 35.
  • All these rollers 49 have their axis perpendicular to the sole 48 which carries them.
  • the rotary means established between the body 40 of the carriage 25 and each of the shoes 39 thereof comprises a connecting barrel 52, which is integral with any of the elements which constitute such a body 40 and such a shoe 39, and a housing 53 which is formed in the other of said elements and with which said barrel is engaged link 52.
  • the connecting barrel 52 thus connecting the body 40 of the carriage 25 to each of its shoes 39 is a cylindrical barrel rigidly secured, for example by welding, to a plate 54 belonging to this body 40, and the corresponding housing 53 is therefore a cylindrical housing formed for this purpose in the sole 48 of the shoe 39 concerned.
  • a bearing 55 can be interposed between such a connecting barrel 52 and its housing 53, and a split elastic ring 56, engaged with a groove in this connecting barrel 52 beyond this sole 48, suitably secures the body 40 of the corresponding shoe 39.
  • the axis of the connecting barrel 52 thus associated with a shoe 39 of the carriage 25 is generally parallel to that of its rollers 49.
  • the connecting barrels 52 connecting these shoes 39 to the body 40 with which they are associated are aligned with each other along the axis A 'of this body 40, parallel to the generators G of the roof formed by the guide 23, and therefore, parallel to the axis A of the assembly.
  • the axis A ′ of the body 40 of the carriage 25 is shown diagrammatically in broken lines in FIGS. 4 and 9A, 9B, 9C.
  • the connecting barrel 52 associated with each of the shoes 39 of the carriage 25 is established at the barycenter of the rollers 49 that comprises such a shoe 39, that is to say at the barycenter of the triangle according to which are themselves established these rollers 49.
  • the carriage 25 also includes, for each of the guide rails 35 that such a guide 23 has, two jaws 58, by which it encloses such a guide rail 35 , and on each of which are rotatably mounted, for contact with the corresponding face of this guide rail 35, rollers 59.
  • these jaws 58 each extend in a crescent, and the rollers 59 which they comprise, which are in practice twin rollers, are arranged at their ends.
  • One of the jaws 58 is permanently attached to the body 40, for example by welding, the other is removably attached thereto, for example by bolting, and it is one of them, that disposed at the 'concerned end of the body 40, which is articulated the jack 42 controlling the inclination of the cutting head 26.
  • the body 40 of the carriage 25 extends beyond the guide 23, on the upper surface of this guide 23, between the latter and the roof of the gallery 10 to be dug.
  • the latter advantageously carries, parallel to the axis A of the assembly, a beam 61 suitable for the use of a hoist 62.
  • the cutting machine 21 is completed by one or more telescopic working arms 63 each provided at their end with a nacelle 64.
  • the carriage 25 carrying the cutting head 26 moves from one of the ends 33 to the other of the guide 23, under the control of its drive motor 43.
  • this angle D extends from a first side of the normal N chosen as a reference, while for the other end 33 of this guide 23, it extends from the other end of such a normal N, FIG. 9C, canceling out in line with the middle part 32 of said guide 23, FIG. 9B.
  • the carriage 25 can move without risk of jamming along its guide 23 while retaining, for the cutting head 26 which it carries, the same orientation.
  • the Maltese cross teeth 44 ensuring the movement of the carriage 25 along the guide 23 are the object, during this displacement, of a sliding relative to the bars 45 with which they mesh, but, this sliding being a axial sliding, parallel to said bars 45, this does not result in any risk of jamming.
  • the carriage carrying the cutting head could also be arranged below, on the underside of this guide, in particular in the case where a hoist is not provided.
  • the connecting barrels by which the body of such a carriage is connected to its shoes could be provided with a ball joint.
  • the guide used is bent in a vault from one of its ends to the other, even though, jointly, said ends are converging one towards the other, the corresponding arc extending over 180 ° , this is not necessarily so.
  • this guide could indeed be bent in a vault, the ends of the latter being able, on the contrary, for example, to each extend in a rectilinear manner, and / or the thus bent part of this guide could only extend over less than 180 ° , with or without a circular contour, its ends then diverging with respect to one another instead of converging towards one another.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Schrämmaschine zur Ausführung eines bogenförmigen Schrams in einer Abbaufront (11), die eine feste Führung (23) aufweist, wovon mindestens ein Teil insgesamt in Form einer zylindrischen Wölbung gebogen ist entsprechend einem Profil, das einem Abbild des auszuführenden Schrams (20) entspricht und einen auf der Führung (23) beweglich angeordneten Wagen (25), der als Träger für einen Schrämkopf (26) dient, wobei die Führung (23) zwei zueinander parallele Führungsschienen (36) aufweist, mit denen der Wagen (25) jeweils verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ebene (M), in der die gesamte Führung (23) verläuft schräg ist in bezug auf die Mantellinien (G) der von ihr gebildeten Wölbung, wobei ihr mittlerer Teil (32) in bezug auf ihre Enden (32) nach vorne versetzt ist und daß der Wagen (25) zur Verbindung mit der Führung (23) einerseits zwei jeweils mit den zwei Führungsschienen (36) der Führung (23) verbundene Führungsschuhe (39) und andererseits ein Gehäuse (40) aufweist, das sich von einem der beiden Führungsschuhe (39) zum anderen erstreckt und mit jedem der beiden durch Drehmittel verbunden ist.
2. Schrämmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder der Führungsschuhe (39) des Wagens (25) eine Druckplatte (48) aufweist, die mit dem Gehäuse (40) durch Drehmittel verbunden ist und auf der Rollen (49) mit zueinander parallelen Achsen drehbar angeordnet sind, durch welche sie zwei sich gegenüberliegende Abschnitte der entsprechenden Schienen (35) umschließt.
3. Schrämmaschine nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Führungsschuh (39) einerseits zwei an der ersten Seite der betreffenden Führungsschiene (35) voneinander beabstandete Rollen (49) und andererseits eine einzelne auf der anderen Seite der Führungsschiene (35) angeordnete Rolle (49) aufweist, die insgesamt in Dreiecksform angeordnet sind.
4. Schrämmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Drehmittel, die zwischen dem Gehäuse (40) des Wagens (25) und jedem seiner Führungsschuhe (39) angeordnet sind, einen fest mit einem beliebigen, der ein solches Gehäuse (40) und einen solchen Führungsschuh (39) bildenden Elemente verbundenen Verbindungsschaft (52) und eine am anderen Element ausgebildete Aufnahme aufweisen, in der der Verbindungsschaft (52) aufgenommen ist.
5. Schrämmaschine nach Anspruch 2 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der mit einem Führungsschuh (39) des Wagens (25) verbundene Verbindungsschaft (52) insgesamt im Schwerpunkt der Rollen (49) eines solchen Führungsschuhs (39) angeordnet ist.
6. Schrämmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 4, 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß von einem Führungsschuh (39) zum anderen des Wagens (25) Verbindungsschafte (52), die das Gehäuse (40) des Wagens (25) mit den Führungsschuhen (39) verbinden, miteinander in Reihe in Richtung der Achse (A') des Gehäuses (40) parallel zu den Mantellinien (G) der durch die Führung (23) gebildeten Wölbung angeordnet sind.
7. Schrämmaschine nach Anspruch 2 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Achse des mit einem Führungsschuh (39) des Wagens (25) verbundenen Verbindungsschaftes (52) insgesamt parallel zu derjenigen der Rollen (49) eines solchen Führungsschuhs (39) ist.
8. Schrämmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Führung (23) von einem Ende (33) zum anderen in Form einer Wölbung gebogen ist, während die Enden (33) miteinander konvergieren.
9. Schrämmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Neigung (I) der Führung (23) beispielsweise 20° beträgt.
10. Schrämmaschine nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Höhe der Rollen (49) der Führungsschuhe (39) des Wagens (25), die mit den Führungsschienen (35) der Führung (23) über den genannten Abschnitt der Führungsschienen (35) in Kontakt stehen, größer ist als die Höhe des letzteren.
EP19880400570 1987-03-10 1988-03-10 Schrämmaschine mit einem beweglich auf einer gewölbt gebogenen und zu ihrer Achse schrägen Führung montierten Schrämmkopf Expired - Lifetime EP0282416B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8703254A FR2612248B1 (fr) 1987-03-10 1987-03-10 Machine de havage a tete de havage montee mobile sur un guide cintre en voute et oblique sur son axe
FR8703254 1987-03-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0282416A1 EP0282416A1 (de) 1988-09-14
EP0282416B1 true EP0282416B1 (de) 1990-10-24

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880400570 Expired - Lifetime EP0282416B1 (de) 1987-03-10 1988-03-10 Schrämmaschine mit einem beweglich auf einer gewölbt gebogenen und zu ihrer Achse schrägen Führung montierten Schrämmkopf

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0282416B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3860851D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2018349B3 (de)
FR (1) FR2612248B1 (de)
GR (1) GR3001344T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1234069B (it) * 1989-04-28 1992-04-29 Trevi Spa Procedimento per l'esecuzione del rivestimento di una galleria ed apparecchiatura per l'attivazione di tale procedimento
FR2711178B1 (fr) * 1993-10-15 1996-01-05 Bouygues Sa Machine de havage, notamment pour réaliser une saignée dans un front de taille, en particulier pour la construction d'une voûte ou d'une prévoûte.
FR2723613B1 (fr) * 1994-08-10 1998-03-20 Perforex Machine de havage pour le predecoupage de la voute d'une galerie en cours de creusement en souterrain
FR2749344B1 (fr) * 1996-06-03 1998-09-04 Perforex Machine de havage pour le predecoupage de la voute d'une galerie en cours de creusement en souterrain
FR2923523B1 (fr) * 2007-11-09 2010-09-24 Nge Dispositif de realisation de saignees dans une paroi d'un tunnel

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1658769B1 (de) * 1967-07-31 1970-06-18 Wolff & Mueller Tunnelbauverfahren
FR2123846A5 (de) * 1971-01-27 1972-09-15 Perrier Fernand Sa
FR2305583B1 (fr) * 1975-03-24 1985-11-08 Perforex Machine de havage propre a l'execution de saignee courbe
FR2372314A1 (fr) * 1976-11-26 1978-06-23 Charbonnages De France Machine de predecoupage d'une saignee autour d'un front d'abattage
DE2909918C3 (de) * 1979-03-14 1985-06-05 Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co, 4630 Bochum Vorrichtung zum Vortreiben und Ausbauen einer untertägigen Strecke

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2612248B1 (fr) 1989-07-07
GR3001344T3 (en) 1992-08-31
FR2612248A1 (fr) 1988-09-16
ES2018349B3 (es) 1991-04-01
EP0282416A1 (de) 1988-09-14
DE3860851D1 (de) 1990-11-29

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