EP0280911B1 - Composant de ventilateur et méthode de vérification fonctionnelle - Google Patents

Composant de ventilateur et méthode de vérification fonctionnelle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0280911B1
EP0280911B1 EP88101650A EP88101650A EP0280911B1 EP 0280911 B1 EP0280911 B1 EP 0280911B1 EP 88101650 A EP88101650 A EP 88101650A EP 88101650 A EP88101650 A EP 88101650A EP 0280911 B1 EP0280911 B1 EP 0280911B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fan
pressure
bulkhead
fan part
pressure sensors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88101650A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0280911A3 (en
EP0280911A2 (fr
Inventor
Reinhold Pfaudler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Al Ko Therm GmbH
Original Assignee
Al Ko Therm GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Al Ko Therm GmbH filed Critical Al Ko Therm GmbH
Priority to AT88101650T priority Critical patent/ATE81387T1/de
Publication of EP0280911A2 publication Critical patent/EP0280911A2/fr
Publication of EP0280911A3 publication Critical patent/EP0280911A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0280911B1 publication Critical patent/EP0280911B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fan part according to the preamble of claim 1 and, according to a further concept of the invention, relates to a method for checking the function of such a fan part according to the preamble of claim 11.
  • the volume capacity of a fan part installed in a ventilation system deviates from the ideal volume capacity of a fan that is not installed.
  • the use of characteristic curves, which are based on the ideal volume output of the non-installed state, has therefore hitherto required an estimate of the deviations applicable to the installed state. This estimate represents a dangerous source of error, which up to now could often lead to incorrect blame in the event of malfunctions in a ventilation and air conditioning system.
  • the fan output is often too low, which leads to malfunctions in operation. This can only be done by an exact determination the actual volume output of the installed ventilation system can be remedied.
  • FR-A 20 81 038 shows a measuring device for a device for controlling the volume flow in a ventilation system.
  • the measuring device comprises a pressure sensor for recording the dynamic pressure and a pressure sensor for recording the static pressure.
  • Both measuring sensors are located in a specially provided housing built into the flow line.
  • use is made of the physical laws of the dependency between pressure and volume flow.
  • an artificial pressure difference is generated and the volume flow is determined on the basis of this pressure difference.
  • the disadvantage here is that losses which lead to inaccuracies cannot be avoided as a result of this artificially generated pressure difference.
  • the known arrangement does not only manage with the detection of static pressure, which can lead to further inaccuracies.
  • the object of the present invention to provide simple means to enable an exact determination of the volume capacity of an installed air-conditioning system or of the fan part installed therein on the basis of real characteristic curves.
  • the pressure sensors are advantageously located in the so-called dead water area and at the same time at the location of the highest pressure difference. This pressure difference is obtained by the pressure increase resulting from the fan activity. It is therefore advantageously not necessary to generate the pressure difference separately via a pressure drop on a measuring device. Another advantage can be seen in the fact that only static pressure is present at the location that is provided here for the pressure sensors. Due to the high pressure difference and the fact that there is practically only static pressure, there is advantageously a totally pressure loss-free measurement with extremely high measuring accuracy and good reproducibility.
  • characteristic curves must of course be available. To determine these characteristics, it is sufficient in the present case to advantageously use only the fan part with built-in fan, since the pressure sensors provided according to the invention on both sides of the pressure wall are placed in an area in which there is only static pressure. Accordingly, the pressure sensors permanently installed in the fan part enable the recording of characteristic curves on the one hand on a test bench at a given volume capacity and on the other hand the determination of the volume capacity on the basis of the characteristic curves.
  • the built-in pressure sensors have accordingly both for test bench operation as well as for real operation on site.
  • the permanently installed pressure sensors can be used advantageously as measurement sensors both when determining the characteristic curves and when determining the delivery volume on site, so that the same boundary conditions exist in both cases. which is a prerequisite for the desired reproducibility and accuracy.
  • the measures according to the invention also enable ongoing monitoring.
  • the manometer arrangement which is preferably permanently connected to the pressure gauge connections of the pressure sensors, can simply be connected to a computer with its output, into which the speed of the fan is additionally entered and the above-mentioned characteristics preferably in the form of a data carrier which can be supplied together with the fan part according to the invention be saved.
  • the ongoing monitoring advantageously not only enables the current values to be displayed continuously, but also an automatic alarm signal when limit values are exceeded or fallen short of.
  • the pressure sensors can advantageously be fastened on the pressure wall opposite one another. This results in a particularly low construction effort.
  • a further advantageous measure can consist in the fact that the pressure sensors are designed as annular ducts encircling the area of the periphery of the pressure wall, encompassing the area of the fan penetrating the pressure wall, which are provided with a plurality of inputs and are preferably formed by annularly bent tubes.
  • Such ring channels are located on the suction side as well as on the pressure side reliable in slipstream, so that high accuracy is easily obtained.
  • the ring channels provided with several inputs compensate for local pressure differences.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the superordinate measures can consist in the fact that the manometer arrangement connected to the pressure sensor interacts with a display device which, based on the volume flow, accommodates a pointer which can be moved as a function of the measured pressure and at least one scale carrier which is provided as a separate component and which can be provided has an assigned fan speed calibrated scale.
  • the air conditioning system on which FIG. 1 is based consists of a plurality of box-shaped units attached to one another.
  • the structure and mode of operation of these units are known per se.
  • a fan part 1 is provided here as the central unit, which contains a fan 2 and a drive motor 3 assigned to it.
  • the fan 2 and the drive motor 3 are accommodated on a vibration-damped pallet 4 and are connected to one another in terms of drive by a belt 7 accommodated on corresponding pulleys 5, 6.
  • the diameter of the pulleys 5, 6 is accordingly decisive for the speed of the fan 2.
  • the latter has a lateral suction port 9 arranged coaxially to the shaft 8 which can be driven by the pulley 6 and a tangential from which the fan wheel, which is not shown in more detail, is accommodated on the shaft 8 comprehensive housing outgoing pressure connector 10.
  • the fan part 1 is preceded by a filter part 13 provided with a filter 11 and an inlet connection 12, and an empty part 14 as well as a cooling part 17 connected thereto, having a cooling register 15 and a condensate separator 16, and an outflow part 18 with an outflow connection 19 are arranged downstream.
  • the individual components have a supporting frame with an all-round jacket. The abutting end faces of the individual components are open to form a flow channel. Only in the area of the fan part 1 is a one arranged transversely to the flow channel axis Pressure wall 20 is provided, which separates the intake port 9 and the pressure port 10 of the fan 2 from each other so that their open cross-section lies in chambers separated by the pressure wall 20.
  • the inlet cross section of the suction nozzle 9 is located in the chamber 21 upstream of the pressure wall 20 and formed by the interior of the fan part 1.
  • the outlet of the pressure nozzle 10 is located in the chamber 22 formed by the interior of the empty part 14.
  • the pressure wall 20 is designed as a sheet metal flanged to the supporting frame of the fan part 1 in the area of the outlet-side end face, to which the fan 2 is flanged with its pressure connection 10.
  • the pressure wall 20, as can best be seen from FIG. 2, has a recess 23 which accommodates the pressure connection 10 in a sealing manner, so that the chambers 21 and 22 are in mutual connection only via the working space of the fan 2 which accommodates the fan wheel (not shown in more detail).
  • the pressure port 10 may end on the pressure wall 20 or, as in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, protrude into the chamber 22 of the empty part 14.
  • the chamber 22 of the empty part 14, which is acted upon by the pressure connection 22, serves as a distribution chamber upstream of the cooling part 17, which results in a uniform loading of the cooling register over the entire flow cross section.
  • pressure sensors 24 encompassing the pressure port 10 penetrating the pressure wall 20 or 25 are provided, each of which has a connection piece 26 or 27, which is led out through the outer jacket of the fan part 1 or the empty part 14, for a manometer arrangement of the type indicated at 30 in FIG.
  • the pressure sensors 24, 25 are here simply formed as circular, circumferentially curved tubes in the region of the periphery of the pressure wall 20, which have a plurality of entrances 28 in the form of drilled wall recesses, which are distributed uniformly over the periphery of the pressure wall 20.
  • the diameter of the bores forming the entrances 28 is approximately in the order of magnitude between 1/4 and 1/2 of the inside diameter of the tubes forming the pressure sensors.
  • the pipe brackets forming the pressure sensors 24 and 25 can be fastened directly to the pressure wall, for example by pipe clamps, not shown.
  • the connecting pieces 26 and 27 are formed as pipe sockets radially attached with respect to the axis of the loop-shaped pipe bracket, which are passed through the outer jacket of fan part 1 or empty part 14 and can be connected to manometer 30 by means of an attachable hose 29.
  • the pressure sensors 24, 25 with associated connecting pieces 26, 27 are permanently installed, so that a manometer 30 can be connected at any time and anywhere by plugging its connecting hoses 29 onto the permanently installed connecting pieces 26, 27.
  • the pressure difference between the suction side and the pressure side of the fan 2 built into the fan part 1 can be determined with the aid of the manometer 30 connected in the manner shown in FIG.
  • the pressure sensors 24, 25 attached to the pressure wall 20 are located both on the suction side and on the pressure side in the slipstream, so that dynamic influences on the pressure gauge 30 are avoided and only the static pressure is recorded.
  • characteristic curves are first determined which, as can be seen in FIG. 3, for one fan speed, i. H. a pair of pulleys that contain volume capacity as a function of the pressure difference mentioned.
  • the pressure difference was plotted on the ordinate and the volume output on the abscissa.
  • the characteristic curves K1, K2 and K3 result for the fan speeds n1, n2, n3.
  • the pressure difference which can be determined by means of the pressure sensors 24, 25 is artificially changed, for example with the aid of built-in blinds or the like.
  • the volume capacity associated with the pressure difference set is measured.
  • the measuring points are entered in the characteristic field according to Figure 3 and connected to the characteristic curves K1, K2, K3.
  • the determination of the characteristic curves of the type indicated at K1, K2, K3 takes place on a test bench, with practically only the fan part 1 and here the empty part 14 containing the second pressure sensor 25 being required. As soon as the characteristic curves have been determined, the volume capacity for each same fan part can be easily determined, regardless of the ventilation system in which it is installed. For this, the Pressure difference between the pressures in front of and behind the pressure wall 20 is determined, which is possible in a simple manner by connecting a pressure gauge 30 in the manner shown in FIG. 1 to the permanently installed connecting pieces 26, 27 of the permanently installed pressure sensors 24, 25.
  • the volume capacity can be determined on the basis of the characteristic curve K 1, K 2, K 3 belonging to the existing fan speed, ie to the existing pulley pairing, as can be seen from the auxiliary lines P ⁇ or V ⁇ shown in FIG.
  • the fan 2 should work at the speed n2.
  • 25 pressure difference P1 includes the volume capacity V1.
  • the pressure gauge arrangement 30 can consist of two separate pressure gauges. In the exemplary embodiment shown, it is a inclined tube manometer that automatically indicates the desired absolute value of the pressure difference. The same would be the case with a U-tube manometer, for example.
  • the two pressure sensors 24, 25 arranged opposite one another with respect to the pressure wall 20 can have the same configuration and dimensions, which enables efficient production.
  • the pressure gauge arrangement 30 has a reading scale. The value that can be read on this can then be transferred to a characteristic field according to FIG. 3.
  • the manometer arrangement 30 has a signal output at the input of a computer 31.
  • the signal output of the manometer arrangement 30 is a digital output.
  • an analog-digital converter would have to be connected downstream.
  • the speed of the fan 2 can also be entered into the computer 31. For this purpose, the speed can be measured and recorded directly. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the speed is specified by means of input buttons indicated at 32.
  • the computer 31 is also provided with a memory 33 which contains the characteristics on which FIG. 3 is based in digitized form.
  • a data carrier for example in the form of a floppy disk or the like, can simply be created, which is supplied together with the fan part 1 and can be inserted into the computer 31 at 33.
  • characteristic curve fields of the type on which FIG. 3 is based are supplied.
  • the computer 31 has an output on a display device, here / in the form of a screen 34, on which the current volume flow values can be read continuously in the form of numbers, curves or bar graphs or the like.
  • An alarm device 35 can be activated via a further output of the computer 31, which should respond when limit values are exceeded or undershot.
  • a fixed speed is specified.
  • FIG. 4 The arrangement on which FIG. 4 is based makes handling easier when no computer is available on site.
  • the basic structure of the arrangement in accordance with FIG. 4 corresponds to the arrangement in accordance with FIG.
  • the manometer arrangement 30 connected to the pressure sensors 24, 25 is connected to a display device 40 in the arrangement according to FIG from the measured pressure difference, the movable pointer 43 and here has a scale 45, which is accommodated on a provided as a separate component and can be provided and calibrated to the volume flow at an assigned fan speed. The value of the volume flow indicated by the pointer 43 can be read off on the scale 45.
  • the scale 45 can be determined using a simple program and printed on the scale carrier 44.
  • the scale carrier 44 consists of a cardboard sheet or the like, which is assigned to the pointer 43 in an easily interchangeable manner, so that when the fan speed changes, only a new scale carrier with a correspondingly adjusted scale needs to be used.
  • the simple availability of the scale carrier which is designed as a separate component, enables rational production, since only one new scale carrier with a correspondingly adapted scale is required to individually adapt the display device 40 to the special conditions of any air conditioning system. Since the fan speed is no longer changed on site, the interchangeable scale carrier 44 can be sealed to prevent misuse on the housing of the display device 40 that receives it.
  • a pressure-voltage converter 41 is arranged downstream of the manometer arrangement 30, the output of which lies at the input of a voltmeter 42, the pointer of which forms the pointer 43 of the display device 40.
  • the use of a voltmeter in the context of the display device 30 results in a simple structure.
  • the manometer arrangement 30 and / or the transducer 41 are provided with a range and zero point adjustment, as indicated at 46.
  • a further output in the form of an analog and / or digital output is indicated at 56, to which an EDP can be connected.
  • the display device 40 is arranged together with the manometer arrangement 30 and the transducer 41 in a housing 47 which, as shown in FIG. 4, can be fixed to the housing of the fan part 1 by means of a U-shaped support bracket 48 at a distance from the wall, which is vibration-proof Suspension results.
  • a U-shaped support bracket 48 at a distance from the wall, which is vibration-proof Suspension results.
  • the pallet receiving the fan 2 and the drive motor 3 is supported on resilient vibration damping elements 4a.
  • the housing 47 is provided on the front with a window which has an insertion recess 52 into which the pointer 43 protrudes and into which the exchangeable and possibly sealable scale carrier 44 can be inserted in such a way that the pointer 43 overlaps it.
  • the window consists of a base plate fixed to the housing 47 and a cover 54 which can be placed thereon and is trough-shaped in cross section and which is made of transparent material.
  • the cover 54 is secured by retaining screws 55, one of which may be sealed to prevent misuse.
  • the housing 47 can be provided with an insertion pocket, not shown here, arranged outside the cover 53, 54.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Elément de ventilateur pour une installation technique destinée à l'air ambiant munie d'une cloison étanche (20) et d'au moins un ventilateur (2) traversant la cloison étanche (20), dont l'entrée côté aspiration et la sortie côté pression se trouvent dans des chambres (21, 22) séparées l'une de l'autre par la cloison étanche (20), caractérisé en ce que, dans la zone des deux côtés de la cloison étanche (20), on prévoit chaque fois un capteur de pression (24, 25) muni d'un raccordement de manomètre (26, 27) et en ce que les deux capteurs de pression (24, 25) sont réalisés en canaux annulaires s'étendant face à face dans la zone de la périphérie de la cloison étanche (20), entourant la zone du ventilateur (2) qui traverse la cloison étanche (20) et étant munis de plusieurs entrées (28).
  2. Elément de ventilateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les capteurs de pression (24, 25) sont fixés face à face contre la cloison étanche (20).
  3. Elément de ventilateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les canaux annulaires formant les capteurs de pression (24, 25) présentent une section transversale inférieure à 1% de la section transversale des chambres (21, 22) et en ce que leurs entrées (28) présentent un diamètre de 1 mm à 3 mm.
  4. Elément de ventilateur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les capteurs de pression (24, 25) sont façonnés par des tubes pliés en anneaux qui sont chaque fois munis de plusieurs alésages périphériques et qui présentent une tubulure de raccordement (26, 27) guidée à l'extérieur du logement contenant la cloison étanche (20).
  5. Elément de ventilateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les capteurs de pression (24, 25) disposés face à face présentent une configuration et des dimensions identiques.
  6. Elément de ventilateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les capteurs de pression (24, 25) sont raccordés à un agencement de manomètre (30) qui est disposé avec une sortie à l'entrée d'un ordinateur (31) qui est muni d'une autre entrée (32) attribuée à la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur (2), ainsi que d'une installation de mémoire (33) pour des caractéristiques statiques de pression-volume, et qui est relié, de préférence, à un mécanisme d'affichage, de préférence, sous la forme d'un écran (34), ainsi qu'à un mécanisme d'alarme (35) et en ce que l'installation de mémoire (33) de l'ordinateur (31) peut être chargée à l'aide d'un support de données, de préférence, sous forme d'une disquette.
  7. Elément de ventilateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'agencement de manomètre (30) raccordé aux capteurs de pression (24, 25) coopère avec un mécanisme d'affichage (40) qui présente une aiguille (43) mobile en fonction de la différence de pression mesurée et au moins une échelle graduée (45) positionnée sur un support d'échelle qui peut être mis à disposition et qui est réalisé sous forme d'une structure séparée, l'échelle graduée étant calibrée en fonction du courant volumétrique correspondant à une vitesse de rotation du ventilateur.
  8. Elément de ventilateur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le support d'échelle (44) peut être fixé de manière remplaçable contre le logement (47) contenant le mécanisme d'affichage (40) et est, de préférence, apte à être plombé.
  9. Elément de ventilateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que l'aiguille (43) est réalisée en forme d'aiguille d'un voltmètre (42), qui est reliée à l'agencement de manomètre (30) au moyen d'un transformateur de pression - tension (41), l'agencement de manomètre (30) et/ou le transformateur (41) présentant, de préférence, un réglage (46) pour la modification de l'intervalle.
  10. Elément de ventilateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le logement (47) contenant le mécanisme d'affichage (40) est disposé contre le logement de l'élément de ventilateur (1) en étant écarté de la paroi au moyen d'au moins un étrier de support (48) de préférence en forme de U, le ventilateur (2) étant disposé avec le moteur d'entraînement (3) sur des éléments absorbant les oscillations (4a).
  11. Procédé pour le contrôle du fonctionnement d'un élément de ventilateur incorporé dans une installation technique destinée à l'air ambiant, selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 1 à 10, dans lequel on soumet à l'essai la capacité volumétrique du ventilateur, caractérisé en ce qu'on détermine des caractéristiques statiques (K₁, K₂, K₃) ou des échelles (45) pour l'élément de ventilateur complet (1) avec ventilateur (2) incorporé, qui comprennent, pour chacune des vitesses de rotation du ventilateur, la modification quant à la différence entre les pressions régnant des deux côtés de la cloison étanche (20) par rapport au volume déplacé et en ce que, sur base de ces caractéristiques statiques (K₁, K₂, K₃) ou de ces échelles (45), ainsi que de la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur et de la différence de pression s'exerçant contre la cloison étanche (20) et mesurée à l'endroit d'utilisation, on détermine ou on affiche le volume déplacé.
EP88101650A 1987-02-05 1988-02-04 Composant de ventilateur et méthode de vérification fonctionnelle Expired - Lifetime EP0280911B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88101650T ATE81387T1 (de) 1987-02-05 1988-02-04 Ventilatorteil sowie verfahren zur funktionskontrolle desselben.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3703401 1987-02-05
DE3703401A DE3703401A1 (de) 1987-02-05 1987-02-05 Ventilatorteil sowie verfahren zur funktionskontrolle desselben

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0280911A2 EP0280911A2 (fr) 1988-09-07
EP0280911A3 EP0280911A3 (en) 1988-11-23
EP0280911B1 true EP0280911B1 (fr) 1992-10-07

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88101650A Expired - Lifetime EP0280911B1 (fr) 1987-02-05 1988-02-04 Composant de ventilateur et méthode de vérification fonctionnelle

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4905511A (fr)
EP (1) EP0280911B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE81387T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3703401A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2035116T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1988005870A1 (fr)
YU (1) YU22788A (fr)

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FR2513359B1 (fr) * 1981-09-24 1986-04-11 Ventilation Indle Miniere Dispositif d'asservissement automatique des conditions de fonctionnement d'un appareil de ventilation dans une installation de ventilation, en fonction de la demande des usagers, et une installation de ventilation comprenant ce dispositif
DE3336031A1 (de) * 1983-02-04 1984-08-09 Nukem Gmbh, 6450 Hanau Verfahren zur regelung der be- und entlueftung von raeumen und gebaeuden, in denen mit radioaktiven und/oder toxischen stoffen gearbeitet wird
US4562744A (en) * 1984-05-04 1986-01-07 Precision Measurement, Inc. Method and apparatus for measuring the flowrate of compressible fluids
US4638233A (en) * 1985-10-24 1987-01-20 General Electric Company Method of establishing a preferred rate of air flow, method of determining torque, and apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3703401C2 (fr) 1991-05-08
WO1988005870A1 (fr) 1988-08-11
EP0280911A3 (en) 1988-11-23
EP0280911A2 (fr) 1988-09-07
DE3703401A1 (de) 1988-08-18
ATE81387T1 (de) 1992-10-15
ES2035116T3 (es) 1993-04-16
YU22788A (sh) 1992-09-07
DE3875136D1 (de) 1992-11-12
US4905511A (en) 1990-03-06

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