EP0278191B1 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum schnellen Erregen eines Oxydationskatalysators für einen Zweitaktmotor - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum schnellen Erregen eines Oxydationskatalysators für einen Zweitaktmotor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0278191B1
EP0278191B1 EP87402904A EP87402904A EP0278191B1 EP 0278191 B1 EP0278191 B1 EP 0278191B1 EP 87402904 A EP87402904 A EP 87402904A EP 87402904 A EP87402904 A EP 87402904A EP 0278191 B1 EP0278191 B1 EP 0278191B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
catalyst
pipe
exhaust
cylinder
engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87402904A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0278191A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Duret
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Original Assignee
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Automobiles Peugeot SA, Automobiles Citroen SA, IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN filed Critical Automobiles Peugeot SA
Priority to AT87402904T priority Critical patent/ATE72298T1/de
Publication of EP0278191A1 publication Critical patent/EP0278191A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0278191B1 publication Critical patent/EP0278191B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2053—By-passing catalytic reactors, e.g. to prevent overheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2410/00—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device
    • F01N2410/06—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device at cold starting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device and a method for rapidly initiating an oxidation catalyst for a two-stroke engine comprising at least one cylinder.
  • the device according to the invention uses a separation, in the axial direction of the cylinder, of the light (s) and exhaust duct, to select two exhaust gas outlets which at least during certain periods or phases of operation of the engine are of different composition and / or temperature.
  • the outlet with the highest temperature can be permanently connected to the oxidation catalyst.
  • the other outlet, the gas temperature of which is lower, can be either connected directly to the catalyst, or connected to the exhaust pipe downstream of the catalyst, depending respectively on whether the catalyst is primed or not.
  • primed catalyst is meant that the catalyst has reached a temperature high enough to be sufficiently active.
  • the present invention relates to a two-stroke engine comprising at least a cylinder head, a cylinder and a catalytic converter, said pot comprising a catalyst for the treatment of exhaust gases, said cylinder comprising at least two exhaust openings or lights offset relative to each other in the axial direction of said cylinder.
  • the device comprises in combination: a first pipe connecting that of said lights which is closest to the cylinder head, or first light at a point upstream of said catalyst, a second pipe connecting the other light upstream of said catalyst, a bypass line connecting a point of said second line to a point downstream of said catalyst and a distribution member positioned at the junction of the bypass line with the second line, said distribution member being adapted to distribute the gas from of said second lumen upstream and downstream of said catalyst.
  • the motor according to the invention may include means for controlling said distribution member.
  • control means can be controlled by means for detecting the temperature level of said catalyst.
  • first and second exhaust pipes includes means for restricting its passage section.
  • first pipe comprises periodic shutter means subject to the speed of rotation of the engine. These means may include a rotating plug.
  • the invention also relates to a method for rapidly priming a catalyst contained in a catalytic converter of a two-stroke engine, according to which the hottest fraction of the exhaust gases is transferred upstream of said catalyst and it is transferred downstream of said catalyst the remaining fraction of the exhaust gases and this until said catalyst is not primed.
  • the ignition of the catalyst can be determined by detecting a quantity linked to the temperature of said catalyst.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a two-stroke engine cylinder with positive ignition equipped with an oxidation catalytic converter and the device according to the invention.
  • the reference 1 designates the cylinder closed at its upper part by the cylinder head 2. In the cylinder moves the piston 3.
  • the reference 31 designates the spark plug of the cylinder 1.
  • This cylinder has two exhaust ports 4 and 5 located at different dimensions considering the axis of the cylinder.
  • Reference 16 designates a catalytic converter containing a catalyst 9.
  • the reference 7 designates a first exhaust pipe or pipe connecting the first exhaust light 4 with an inlet 17 of the catalytic converter upstream of the catalyst 9.
  • the reference 8 designates a second exhaust pipe or pipe connecting the second exhaust port 5 to an inlet 18 of the catalytic converter upstream of the catalyst 9. It will not depart from the scope of the present invention if the first and the second pipes exhaust join before opening into the catalytic converter 16 as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 2.
  • the reference 10 designates a diversion pipe or pipe, one of the ends of which is connected to the second exhaust pipe 8 forming a nozzle.
  • the other end of the pipe 10 can be connected downstream of the catalyst 9 as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the bypass tubing is connected at 19 to a tubing 13 coming from the catalytic converter 16 downstream from the catalyst . In any case, this other end of the pipe does not connect upstream of the catalyst 9.
  • the bypass manifold divides the second exhaust manifold 8 into two portions, one 20 between the second exhaust lumen 5 and the location 21 of connection of the bypass manifold 10, the other 11 being between this connection location 21 and the inlet 18 of the catalytic converter.
  • the reference 12 designates a member for distributing the gases coming from the second exhaust port 5, this distribution being effected by means of the first portion 20 of the second exhaust manifold 8.
  • this member is a flap 12. This flap makes it possible either to pass the exhaust gas coming from the portion of tubing 20 into the catalyst, or to not pass it there, it is the portion 11 of the second exhaust pipe 8 which allows these exhaust gases to pass through the catalyst 9.
  • the flap 12 is articulated on an axis 22, and is integral with a control rod 23 which can be placed in its extension.
  • This rod 23 is connected to an arm 24 articulated around an axis 25 by an intermediate articulation part 26.
  • the articulated arm 24 is controlled by means of a detector 27 making it possible to determine whether the catalyst is primed or not.
  • this detector is a temperature detector.
  • This temperature detector can be of any known type, in particular, bimetallic strip, wax reserve, or electronic, etc.
  • the detector comprises a temperature sensor, the signal of which is transmitted to a control unit 29 which acts directly on the rod 23 for controlling the shutter 12.
  • the displacement of the piston 3 allows communication between the cylinder 1 and the exhaust pipes 7 and 8 through, respectively, the two stages 4 and 5 of the exhaust light (s), separated by a partition 6 .
  • the first tube is directly connected to an oxidation catalytic converter 9.
  • the second tube 8 is divided into two parts 10 and 11 which can be alternately closed depending on the position of the flap 12.
  • the first portion 20 of the tube 8 can therefore be either directly connected to the pipe 13 downstream of the catalyst 9 through the bypass pipe 10, or less directly through the second portion 11 of the exhaust pipe 8 and the oxidation catalyst 9, depending on the position that occupies section 12.
  • the catalyst is not primed, because when cold the flap 12 closes the second portion 11 of the second pipe or exhaust pipe 8.
  • the partition or partition 6 may not be in contact with the piston 3 and only approach it as closely as possible to minimize leaks when it is masked by the piston.
  • Such an assembly makes it possible to equip already existing engines with the improvement according to the present invention by obtaining two slots 4 and 5 offset in the direction defined by the axis of the cylinder.
  • the level of this separation 6 may preferably be chosen at the level of the transfer opening 14, for example.
  • the tubing 7 is therefore supplied with very hot burnt gases, while the tubing 20 is not supplied.
  • the content of the cylinder 1 is swept by the fresh gases coming from the casing 15 through the port 14.
  • the present invention is applicable even if the fresh gases come partially or totally from a valve, whether or not the engine is of the pump housing type.
  • the tube 7 continues to be supplied essentially with burnt gases, which also supply, but to a much lesser extent, the second tube 8, the lumen 5 of which was opened much later.
  • the exhaust ports being wide open, part of the fresh gases also escapes into the pipes 7 and 8.
  • the absence of catalyst in the circuit formed by the first portion 20 of the pipe 8 and the bypass pipe 10 can make it more permeable, which is rather favorable for the rapid temperature rise of the catalyst.
  • the ascent of the piston 3 When the ascent of the piston 3 occurs, it first closes the second exhaust light, or lower light 5, then the first exhaust light 4, or upper light.
  • the terms upper and lower are to be considered assuming the cylinder head 2 as the top of the engine and the casing 15 as the bottom of the engine.
  • the "short-circuiting" of the fuel at the exhaust occurs shortly before the closing of the exhaust orifices.
  • the fuel “short-circuited” will therefore preferably feed the pipe 7.
  • short-circuiting or “short-circuited”, it is meant that part of the fuel passes directly to the exhaust, without having participated to combustion in the cylinder and this before it has taken place.
  • the burnt and fresh gas compositions of the pipes 7 and 8 will therefore be different thanks to the device according to the invention.
  • the tube 7 may proportionally contain much more burnt gas and less fresh gas (with possibly more fuel "short-circuited") than the tube 8.
  • the overall temperature of the gases in the pipe 7 will therefore be significantly higher than that of those in the pipe 8.
  • the position of the flap 12 is changed, for this time, bringing the first portion 20 of the second exhaust pipe 8 into communication. , this will, among other things, transport a fraction of fresh gas and oxygen which are necessary for complete conversion of the pollutants, into the catalyst 9.
  • the flap 12 is controlled by means of temperature detectors 27 and all of the displacement means 24, 26 and 23.
  • the displacement of the flap 12 is achieved by control means 29 connected to a temperature detector 28.
  • the exhaust manifold 7 may include a periodic shutter member, such as a rotary plug 30, driven in rotation at a speed equal to or multiple of the speed of rotation of the engine.
  • This bushel is dimensioned and wedged so that the pipe 7 is only opened for a period corresponding to the presence of hot gas in the cylinder.
  • the distribution flap 12 gradually occupies intermediate positions as the temperature of the catalyst changes.
  • the engine comprises several cylinders with one or more catalytic converters.
  • one or more cylinders can be fitted to the device according to the present invention.
  • the number of cylinders equipped with the device according to the invention can be determined as a function of the desired catalyst priming time.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Zweitaktmotor mit wenigstens einem Zylinderdeckel, einem Zylinder und einem katalytischem Topf, wobei der Topf einen Katalysator zur Behandlung der Auslaßgase umfaßt und der Zylinder wenigstens zwei Auslaßöffnungen oder -schlitze aufweist, die bezüglich einander entsprechend der Axialrichtung dieses Zylinders versetzt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er in Kombination umfaßt: einen ersten Kanal (7) , der denjenigen der Schlitze, der dem Zylinderdeckel am weitesten benachbart ist, oder erster Schlitz (4) , mit einem in Strömungsrichtung vor diesem Katalysator (9) befindlichen Punkt verbindet, einen zweiten Kanal (8), der den anderen Schlitz (5) mit der Anströmseite dieses Katalysators (9) verbindet, einen Umgehungskanal (10), der einen Punkt des zweiten Kanals (8) mit einem Punkt in Strömungsrichtung hinter diesem Kanal verbindet und einem Verteilerorgan (12), das am Zusammentreffen des Umgehungskanals (10) mit dem zweiten Kanal (8) angeordnet ist, wobei dieses Verteilerorgan (12) so ausgelegt ist, daß es das aus dem zweiten Schlitz (5) stammende Gas auf die Anströmseite und die Abströmseite dieses Katalysators verteilt.
  2. Motor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er Steuereinrichtungen (29) für dieses Verteilerorgan (12) umfaßt.
  3. Motor nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Steuereinrichtungen (hilfs)gesteuert durch Detektormittel (27) für das Temperaturniveau dieses Katalysators (9) sind.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens einer dieser ersten und zweiten Auslaßkanäle Mittel zur Verengung seines Durchlaßquerschnittes umfaßt.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Kanal ein Mittel zum periodischen Verschließen umfaßt, das der Motordrehgeschwindigkeit zugeordnet ist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Mittel zum periodischen Verschließen ein sich drehendes Hahnküken ist.
  7. Verfahren zum schnellen Erregen eines in einem katalytischen Topf eines Zweitaktmotors enthaltenen Katalysators, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die heißere Fraktion der Auslaßgase auf die Anströmseite des Katalysators überführt und daß man auf die Abströmseite des Katalysators die verbleibende Fraktion der Auslaßgase überführt, und dies solange, wie der Katalysator nicht erregt ist.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man das Erregen des Katalysators bestimmt, indem man eine mit der Temperatur dieses Katalysators verknüpfte Größe ermittelt.
EP87402904A 1986-12-19 1987-12-18 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum schnellen Erregen eines Oxydationskatalysators für einen Zweitaktmotor Expired - Lifetime EP0278191B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87402904T ATE72298T1 (de) 1986-12-19 1987-12-18 Vorrichtung und verfahren zum schnellen erregen eines oxydationskatalysators fuer einen zweitaktmotor.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8618010 1986-12-19
FR8618010A FR2608677B1 (fr) 1986-12-19 1986-12-19 Dispositif et procede d'amorcage rapide d'un catalyseur d'oxydation pour un moteur deux temps

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0278191A1 EP0278191A1 (de) 1988-08-17
EP0278191B1 true EP0278191B1 (de) 1992-01-29

Family

ID=9342183

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87402904A Expired - Lifetime EP0278191B1 (de) 1986-12-19 1987-12-18 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum schnellen Erregen eines Oxydationskatalysators für einen Zweitaktmotor

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4862689A (de)
EP (1) EP0278191B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS6419108A (de)
AT (1) ATE72298T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3776553D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2608677B1 (de)
IN (1) IN170523B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105435605A (zh) * 2015-12-24 2016-03-30 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 用于scr脱硝装置的高温喷氨装置及喷氨方法

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE37230E1 (en) 1987-10-26 2001-06-19 Orbital Engine Company (Australia) Proprietary Limited Two stroke cycle internal combustion engines
CA1336413C (en) * 1987-10-26 1995-07-25 Mark Lear Two stroke cycle internal combustion engines
EP0339969B1 (de) * 1988-04-27 1993-09-29 Ricardo Group Plc Zweitakt-Ottomotor
US4969329A (en) * 1989-05-05 1990-11-13 General Motors Corporation Two cycle engine with exhaust emission control
US4969330A (en) * 1989-06-21 1990-11-13 General Motors Corporation Two cycle engine catalytic emission control
US4993225A (en) * 1989-06-21 1991-02-19 General Motors Corporation Two cycle engine vapor emission control
FR2655376B1 (fr) * 1989-12-06 1992-04-03 Peugeot Dispositif d'evacuation et de traitement anti-pollution de gaz d'echappement d'un moteur et procede correspondant.
FR2668798B1 (fr) * 1990-11-02 1994-10-14 Renault Moteur deux temps.
DE4036284A1 (de) * 1990-11-14 1992-05-21 Walker Deutschland Gmbh Vorrichtung zum einsatz eines katalysators fuer einen zweitaktmotor
DE4117874A1 (de) * 1991-05-31 1992-12-03 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Brennkraftmaschine mit einer abgas-nachbehandlungsvorrichtung
JPH0547331U (ja) * 1991-11-21 1993-06-22 株式会社共立 ２サイクルエンジン
DE4140986A1 (de) * 1991-12-12 1993-06-17 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Anordnung zur abgasreinigung, insbesondere von brennkraftmaschinen fuer kraftfahrzeuge
CA2104622C (en) * 1992-08-24 1995-08-29 Ken Ogawa Control system for internal combustion engines
FR2707343B1 (fr) * 1993-07-06 1995-08-25 Renault Moteur à combustion interne à cycle deux temps.
GB2280711A (en) * 1993-08-05 1995-02-08 Ford Motor Co Two stroke i.c. engine with catalytic converters.
JP3663664B2 (ja) * 1994-09-09 2005-06-22 株式会社デンソー 排気管用開閉装置
US7146806B2 (en) * 2004-07-07 2006-12-12 Homelite Technologies, Ltd. Internal combustion engine cylinder and muffler assembly with catalytic converter
JP6019594B2 (ja) * 2012-01-27 2016-11-02 株式会社Ihi 脱硝装置
CN108291481A (zh) * 2015-12-02 2018-07-17 博格华纳公司 分隔式排气增压涡轮增压器
EP3569834A1 (de) * 2018-05-18 2019-11-20 Winterthur Gas & Diesel Ltd. Verbrennungsmotor und verfahren zur reduzierung von stickoxidemissionen
DE102020131039A1 (de) * 2020-11-24 2022-05-25 Tenneco Gmbh Abgaskühlvorrichtung

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DE963736C (de) * 1951-02-01 1957-05-09 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Zweitaktbrennkraftmaschine
DE1451881A1 (de) * 1963-09-07 1969-01-23 Daimler Benz Ag Vorrichtung zum katalytischen Nachverbrennen von Abgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine,insbesondere in Kraftfahrzeugen
DE2062323C3 (de) * 1970-12-17 1975-12-11 Bekama Ag, Zug (Schweiz) Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine mit Schichtladung
JPS61907A (ja) * 1984-06-13 1986-01-06 Fujitsu Ltd 磁気抵抗効果型再生ヘツド

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105435605A (zh) * 2015-12-24 2016-03-30 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 用于scr脱硝装置的高温喷氨装置及喷氨方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IN170523B (de) 1992-04-04
EP0278191A1 (de) 1988-08-17
ATE72298T1 (de) 1992-02-15
JPH0448926B2 (de) 1992-08-10
FR2608677B1 (fr) 1989-04-28
JPS6419108A (en) 1989-01-23
FR2608677A1 (fr) 1988-06-24
US4862689A (en) 1989-09-05
DE3776553D1 (de) 1992-03-12

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