EP0274055A2 - Large passband information and/or instruction transmission device between a mobile unit and a supervision station - Google Patents

Large passband information and/or instruction transmission device between a mobile unit and a supervision station Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0274055A2
EP0274055A2 EP87117673A EP87117673A EP0274055A2 EP 0274055 A2 EP0274055 A2 EP 0274055A2 EP 87117673 A EP87117673 A EP 87117673A EP 87117673 A EP87117673 A EP 87117673A EP 0274055 A2 EP0274055 A2 EP 0274055A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
openings
microwave
waveguide
hollow tube
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87117673A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0274055A3 (en
EP0274055B1 (en
Inventor
Marc Heddebaut
Pierre Degauque
Denis Duhot
Pierre Mainardi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Holdings SA
Original Assignee
Alstom SA
GEC Alsthom SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8617425A external-priority patent/FR2608119B1/en
Priority claimed from FR8703734A external-priority patent/FR2612715B1/en
Application filed by Alstom SA, GEC Alsthom SA filed Critical Alstom SA
Priority to AT87117673T priority Critical patent/ATE86567T1/en
Publication of EP0274055A2 publication Critical patent/EP0274055A2/en
Publication of EP0274055A3 publication Critical patent/EP0274055A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0274055B1 publication Critical patent/EP0274055B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096708—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control
    • G08G1/096725—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the received information might be used to generate an automatic action on the vehicle control where the received information generates an automatic action on the vehicle control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L3/00—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal
    • B61L3/16—Continuous control along the route
    • B61L3/22—Continuous control along the route using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using electromagnetic radiation
    • B61L3/227—Continuous control along the route using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using electromagnetic radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/06—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
    • G07B15/063—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096733—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where a selection of the information might take place
    • G08G1/096741—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where a selection of the information might take place where the source of the transmitted information selects which information to transmit to each vehicle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096766—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission
    • G08G1/096775—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission where the origin of the information is a central station
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/123—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
    • H01Q1/3225—Cooperation with the rails or the road
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for transmitting information and / or instructions with high bandwidth between a mobile element and a control station for this element, comprising a hollow tube parallel to the path followed by the mobile element, forming a guide. of waves, one emissive side of which is pierced by a network of openings for the passage of electromagnetic microwave radiation, the mobile element being provided with at least one antenna for transmitting and / or receiving waves microwave disposed opposite the face of the tube pierced with a network of openings, the hollow tube being connected to at least one organ for supplying microwave waves and to a member for receiving microwave waves coming from it.
  • the invention applies in the first place to a device for transmitting information and / or instructions with high bandwidth and / or location between a vehicle, in particular rail or road, and a control station of this vehicle.
  • the first device aims to allow, not only the transmission of information, but also the control of the running of vehicles, such as trains, either rolling on rails, or moved by a linear motor, funiculars, elevators, carts for monitoring enclosures or motor cars, using simpler and less expensive elements than those described in these publications.
  • This device is characterized in that the network of openings pierced on the emissive face of the hollow tube is such that it allows transmission between these openings and the transmit and / or receive antenna.
  • the openings of the emissive face have a large dimension much greater than their perpendicular dimension, some of them are perpendicular to the axis of the hollow tube and some others oblique to this axis, arranged in a particular pattern corresponding to a appropriate coding, the openings perpendicular to the axis transmitting an axial component (E z ) conveying information and / or instructions, and the openings oblique to the axis further transmitting a perpendicular component (E y ) allowing knowledge by the moving element of its absolute position and of any other information linked to it, in particular its maximum authorized speed.
  • the supply member for the hollow tube in microwave waves is a transmitter on two different frequencies, one corresponding to the exchange of information and / or instructions, the other providing large amplitude fluctuations of the signals received by an antenna secured to the mobile element and remaining close to the face of the tube pierced with openings, so as to allow, by counting the number of openings, the location of the mobile element and the measurement of its speed.
  • the tube is a hollow power supply rail for a rail vehicle or a reaction plate for a propulsion system with a linear motor.
  • the internal faces of the hollow tube are provided with an electrolytic deposit of a metal which is a good electrical conductor.
  • the tube has a cross section in the shape of an H, so as to constitute an upper radiating waveguide and a lower radiating waveguide separated by a bottom, this bottom is pierced with a network of openings, the guide waveform is provided with electrical short circuits forming directional couplers associated with a layer of material absorbing microwave waves and allowing only the passage of microwave energy from the lower waveguide to the upper waveguide, dividing this last in sections, the lower waveguide is connected to a microwave power supply member carrying information and / or instructions for all the moving elements, and the upper waveguide is connected to a '' microwave power supply carrying information and / or instructions to and / or from only mobile elements moving along the sections delimited by two successive electrical short-circuits and associated absorbent materials.
  • the face of the tube pierced with a network of openings is made of a plastic material covered over a small thickness of a metallization in which is engraved the network of openings.
  • the openings allowing the location of the mobile element and the measurement of its speed are separated by intervals such that a command to pass the corresponding antenna of the mobile element at intervals equal time in front of these openings provides control of the speed of the movable member.
  • cross section of the tube can in the general case be arbitrary, elliptical, circular or rectangular.
  • a rectangular cross section however leads to mechanical simplifications.
  • Equidistant openings made on the radiating face of the hollow tube make it possible to determine the speed of the mobile element by simple counting of the number of detections by a location antenna during a given time interval. The position is obtained by multiplying the number of detections by the step separating two successive openings.
  • the openings for measuring the speed and the position of the movable element can also be arranged in such a way that successions of presence or absence of a signal can be coded so as to record data such as the position. absolute and the authorized speed at a determined point in its path.
  • connections of the radiating waveguides to the interruptions required by the problems of expansion or, in the case of railway vehicles, by the passages of the switches and crossings can be constituted by a transition waveguide-coaxial cable, a cable element flexible coaxial and a coaxial cable-waveguide transition.
  • the waveguides can be pierced with openings whose dimensions increase in stages, in order to compensate for the losses by linear attenuation and to obtain almost constant levels of transmitted signals, whether one is close to a receiver or at the limit of its range.
  • a device as defined above allows the exchange of broadband analog and / or high speed digital information, such as telephone and / or video signals on the one hand, and / or communication signals on the other telemetry and / or remote controls, but also allows position and / or speed measurements of the movable element moving near the tube forming a microwave waveguide.
  • a second device aims to allow the transmission of information and / or instructions between a road vehicle and a toll or control post at the entrance to pay or controlled access lanes, without vehicle stop road at the toll booth or checkpoint. It is characterized in that it comprises, upstream of an access barrier, at least one section of track provided with a hollow tube forming a waveguide, in that this tube is connected to a control station provided with '' on the one hand, a link with a center for the supply and recording of banking or authorization data, and, on the other hand, a body controlling the opening of the access barrier.
  • the hollow tube parallel to the track section allows the interrogation of the vehicle, the reception of identification data, the processing of this data by the control station, then the validation of the identification data and the opening of the access barrier.
  • the purpose of the third device is to allow the transmission of information and / or instructions between an observation camera placed in an enclosure which is not accessible without danger, such as an enclosure subjected to ionizing radiation, and a checkpoint. It is characterized in that it comprises an electronic safe with antenna for transmitting and receiving microwave frequencies, connected to the camera, a hollow tube forming a waveguide arranged opposite the transmitting antenna, itself even connected to the control post, comprising a device for receiving and processing microwave signals emitted by the electronic safe and for transmitting the processed signals to a television screen.
  • the rail vehicle 3 for example the power train of a metro train, rolls on rails 2 near a material support formed by a hollow tube constituting a radiating waveguide 1 thanks to the presence geometrically asymmetrical openings forming a network 7 on one of the faces 6 of the material support.
  • the powerplant is provided with a transmit and receive antenna 4 and a location antenna 5.
  • the first allows the transmission of information or control instructions between the powerplant and a traffic control station to which is connected to one end of the waveguide and consists of one or more elementary antennas coupled together in order to provide the gain and amplitude regulation functions of the signals transmitted and received.
  • the so-called localization antenna 5 makes it possible to measure another component of the microwave electromagnetic field received above the waveguide and / or to receive a wavelength different from the microwave signals. Assuming for example that the openings are equidistant and of a known spacing, the signals received by the antenna will give, by the number of periods, the position of the vehicle and, by the frequency of the transitions, its speed.
  • FIG. 2 shows how it is possible on the pierced face 6 of the network of openings, some 8 of which are perpendicular to the axis of the waveguide and others 9 oblique to this axis, to orient those ci in order to receive a constant amplitude of the component E z (straight line 10) allowing the transmissions and to receive a discontinuous signal (curve 11) by the component E y allowing the location and the measurement of vehicle speed as we have seen previously.
  • FIG. 3 represents a double upper 12 and lower 13 waveguide, of H-shaped cross section.
  • the signals common to all the vehicles are conveyed by the lower waveguide 13 and coupled to the upper waveguide 12 by directional couplers consisting of openings 15 located in the bottom 14 of the upper waveguide.
  • Electric short-circuits 16 delimit the upper waveguide into elements which can be the size of a track block for example.
  • An absorbent material 17 makes it possible to avoid the phenomena of standing waves in the upper waveguide.
  • This upper waveguide is connected to a member for transmitting and receiving different microwave waves making it possible to exchange information and / or control instructions with the vehicles located on the section delimited by two electric short-circuits. 16 consecutive.
  • Fixed autopilots installed along the track can communicate with the central control station by injecting a microwave carrying information into the lower waveguide.
  • the hollow tube shown in 1, Figure 1, or appearing in Figure 3 can, thanks to its compatible geometric dimensions, also perform the functions of energy rail and / or guide.
  • Figure 4 shows a car test track, apparently for example from an automobile manufacturer or a tire manufacturer, or from an automobile type approval body.
  • the vehicle 21 travels on the test track 23.
  • This comprises a rectangular cross-section tube intended to convey information and / or instructions at high speed by microwave waves and provided with openings of generally rectangular shape, perpendicular to its axis.
  • This hollow tube can be buried in the axis of the track, its upper face flush with the level of the roadway (tube 24 provided with openings 25) or placed on an edge of the roadway, a little above the ground (tube 26 provided with openings 27), supported for example by a safety barrier.
  • the vehicle is provided in the first case with a double antenna 28 for transmission and reception at the bottom of the body. In the second case, it is provided with a double transmitting and receiving antenna 29 on the side of the vehicle facing the hollow tube.
  • the hollow microwave transmission tube receives at one end the energy carrying signals from the test control station 30 transmitted on a first channel A by a transmitter 31 connected to a control desk 32, and it also receives all along the track the energy carrying the signals transmitted by the vehicle during the tests.
  • a recording station (not shown) eliminates the signals of channel A and collects the signals of another channel B from the vehicle, which are amplified and shaped for the usage needs.
  • FIG. 5 represents a device for exchanging information and instructions between a vehicle, for example a priority vehicle (gendarmerie, ambulance, fire brigade, doctors) and a road control station.
  • the vehicle 33 travels along the track, on the edge of which is disposed a hollow tube forming a microwave waveguide, a tube 34 buried in the axis of the track, its upper face provided with rectangular openings 35 flush the roadway, a tube 37 provided with openings 38 arranged along the track, slightly above the ground, carried for example by a safety barrier.
  • the vehicle is provided at the bottom of the body and in its axis with a double transmitting and receiving antenna 28, and in the second case on its side facing the hollow tube with a double transmitting and receiving antenna 29.
  • the hollow tube forming a waveguide is then provided, to compensate for the weakening of the signals along the track, with repeaters of known type arranged from far to far, ensuring the regeneration of the signals.
  • Such a device can be adapted to allow the piloting of vehicles equipped with anti-collision devices.
  • the vehicle 1 is presented at the entrance to the automatic toll station 42, at the entrance to the toll lane.
  • the access track is provided with a hollow rectangular tube 44, forming waveguide, of square or rectangular cross section, buried in its axis, and the upper face of which, provided with rectangular openings perpendicular to its axis, directing the radiation upwards, is flush with the tread.
  • the vehicle is then provided at the bottom of the body and in its axis with a transmitting antenna 45, and possibly with a receiving antenna, both directed downwards.
  • the hollow tube 44 communicates by the high-speed microwave link 46 shown in dashed lines with a control station 50.
  • the access track is bordered by a rectangular tube 47, placed a short distance above the ground, and the vehicle is provided on the bottom of its side with a transmitting antenna 48 facing this tube. .
  • the latter communicates via the high-speed microwave link 49, shown in dashed lines, with the control station 50.
  • the distance between the vehicle antenna and the lateral hollow tube preferably remains at most 2 meters.
  • the traffic lane for the vehicles to be checked is divided into three successive parts A, B and C.
  • Part A is used for interrogation of the vehicle by the post 50 and upon receipt of its identification data, using hollow tubes 44 or 47.
  • the second part B is intended to allow the processing of this data by the control station 50: interrogation of the center for supply and recording of bank data 51, verification of the existence of a bank account provisioned and debit of this account .
  • the third part C allows the validation of the debit operated on the bank account of the driver of the vehicle and the authorization of passage for this one.
  • the control station 50 sends the link 55 to the light signal 56 a "green light” order and to the barrier 57 an opening order.
  • the funicular 60 circulating on the track 61 provided with the rack 62, is shown at the start of a station 63.
  • a tube forming a microwave waveguide 64 is arranged inside the track, parallel rack 62. It is provided on its upper face 65 with a network of geometrically asymmetrical openings similar to those shown on a larger scale in FIGS. 2 and 3 for a metro train driver.
  • the funicular comprises on the underside of the body, facing the waveguide, a transmitting and receiving antenna and a locating antenna, both not shown.
  • the waveguide is connected by a coaxial cable 66 to a control station 67 comprising a cabinet 68 for transmitting microwave waves and a receiver 69 for the information provided by the funicular.
  • the funicular is for example provided with an internal camera 70 for observing the occupancy rate, the indications of which are transmitted by the waveguide tube and the coaxial cable to a television screen 71 arranged in the control station, provided with a lever 73 for slowing down or stopping.
  • a television screen 72 arranged in the funicular is supplied with messages or by transmission advertising or not by the control station.
  • each elevator car 80, 81, 82 is provided with vertical hollow tubes forming waveguides 83, 84, 85, drilled on their face opposite the wall of the elevator cars of geometrically openings. asymmetrical forming a network.
  • Each elevator car is itself provided with a transmitting and receiving antenna and with a locating antenna, not shown.
  • the hollow tubes forming waveguides are connected by coaxial cable elements (not shown) to the control station 86.
  • the latter is provided with a cabinet for transmitting microwave waves 87 and a cabinet 88 for receiving information from elevator cabs and automatic movement controls.
  • Each elevator car has an electronic drawer such as 89 with a microwave generator, a microphone such as 90 and a surveillance camera 91, 92, 93.
  • the information transmitted by the tubes forming waveguides 83, 84, 85 and the coaxial cables, in particular on the position and the speed of the cabins, are received by the reception cabinet 88, connected to television screens 94, 95, 96 arranged on the control panel 97 opposite the supervisor station, allowing the visualization of the situation in the elevator cabs.
  • a lever 98 allows the supervisor to stop one of the elevators in the event of an incident.
  • the monitoring installation in FIG. 9 is intended to detect any attempt to cross the fence 100 of a sensitive installation, such as a military installation, oil depot, nuclear power station, etc.
  • a sensitive installation such as a military installation, oil depot, nuclear power station, etc.
  • two parallel grooves 101 dug in the ground near the fence form a circulation track for a trolley mounted on wheels 102 with lifting arm 103 carrying a rotary television camera 104.
  • a tube forming a microwave wave guide 105 is disposed on the ground between grooves 101. It is pierced on its upper face with a network of rectangular openings for the passage of these waves.
  • the carriage 102 comprises a chest with a microwave generator 105A, and on its underside a transmitting and receiving antenna and a location antenna, not shown.
  • the hollow tube forming waveguide is connected by a coaxial cable, not shown, to a monitoring station 106.
  • a monitoring station 106 This includes a microwave generator 107, and a cabinet 108 receiving signals sent by the carriage camera, feeding a television screen 109 arranged opposite the supervisor.
  • Levers 110, 111 allow the camera's orientation and height to be adjusted.
  • a television camera 120 supplied with energy by a box 121 provides a video signal and a low frequency signal coming from a microphone (not shown). These signals are transmitted by a coaxial cable element 122 to a modulator 123 which generates a carrier wave of frequency close to 600 MHz.
  • the modulated carrier wave is mixed with that of a local oscillator of frequency 1850 MHz, which generates a resulting signal of frequency 2450 MHz. After amplification, this signal is transmitted by a short coaxial cable 124 to a slot antenna 125, arranged opposite the horizontal rectangular tube forming a waveguide 126, pierced with vertical slots 127.
  • This waveguide is connected by an amplifier 128 and a coaxial cable 129 to the control station 130, disposed on the other side of a partition 131 separating it from the enclosure subjected to ionizing radiation.
  • the coaxial cable 129 terminates in a receiver 132, connected to a television screen 133.
  • Energy is supplied to the camera 120 arranged in the enclosure from the low-voltage box 121, to which it is connected by the cable 134.
  • the signal emitted by the antenna 125 induces a microwave signal in the waveguide tube 126.
  • This signal is collected at the end of the waveguide by a transition element, which supplies the amplifier 128 connected to it. - even to a mixer placed inside the receiver 132.
  • the amplification allows not to degrade the signal / noise ratio, because there can be a length of several meters between the amplifier and the receiver.
  • the mixer of the receiver 132 receives on one side a signal at 2450 MHz, on the other a signal from a local oscillator at 1850 MHz. It thus generates a signal at 600 MHz which is the image of the transmission signal. The signal is then demodulated, and gives at the output of the receiver a video signal and a low frequency signal, which are applied to the television screen 133.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Device for transmitting information and/or instructions and/or a location between a movable unit and a supervision station, comprising a hollow tube (1) parallel to the path of the movable unit, forming a waveguide, an emitting face (2) of which is pierced with a network of apertures, the movable unit having two hyperfrequency emitting and/or receiving antennas (4, 5). The network of apertures on the emitting face of the hollow tube permits the transmission between these apertures and the emitting and/or receiving antenna of two signals distinct from the electric field, one for the transmission of information and/or instructions, and the other for measuring the speed and the position of the movable unit by detection of the presence of this second signal. Other devices relate to the application of such hollow tubes to an automobile toll station or a station for monitoring an enclosure which is dangerous for personnel. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de transmission d'informations et/ou d'instructions à large bande passante entre un élément mobile et un poste de contrôle de cet élément, comportant un tube creux parallèle au trajet suivi par l'élément mobile, formant guide d'ondes, dont une face émissive est percée d'un réseau d'ouver­tures de passage d'un rayonnement électromagnétique en hyperfréquences, l'élément mobile étant muni d'au moins une antenne d'émission et/ou de réception d'ondes hyperfréquences disposée en regard de la face du tube percée d'un réseau d'ouvertures, le tube creux étant relié à au moins un organe d'alimentation en ondes hyperfréquences et à un organe de réception d'ondes hyperfréquences provenant de lui.The present invention relates to a device for transmitting information and / or instructions with high bandwidth between a mobile element and a control station for this element, comprising a hollow tube parallel to the path followed by the mobile element, forming a guide. of waves, one emissive side of which is pierced by a network of openings for the passage of electromagnetic microwave radiation, the mobile element being provided with at least one antenna for transmitting and / or receiving waves microwave disposed opposite the face of the tube pierced with a network of openings, the hollow tube being connected to at least one organ for supplying microwave waves and to a member for receiving microwave waves coming from it.

L'invention s'applique en premier lieu à un dispositif de transmission d'informations et/ou d'instructions à large bande passante et/ou de localisation entre un véhicule, notamment ferroviaire ou routier, et un poste de contrôle de ce véhicule.The invention applies in the first place to a device for transmitting information and / or instructions with high bandwidth and / or location between a vehicle, in particular rail or road, and a control station of this vehicle.

On a déjà proposé dans la publication "Waveguide communication system for centralized railway traffic control" de T. Kawakami et autres, IEEE Trans. on Vehicular Communications, sept 1964, p. 1-18, de disposer le long d'une voie ferrée pour train à grande vitesse un guide d'ondes circulaire, muni de coupleurs directionnels et de guides d'ondes auxiliaires rayonnants, les trains devant être munis d'une antenne d'émission et/ou de réception. Un tel dispositif permet des transmissions de données et de conversations téléphoniques ou de télévision entre le train et un poste de contrôle. Il nécessite cependant l'installation tout le long de la voie d'un appareillage relativement complexe et coûteux. Il n'a été utilisé qu'à titre expérimental sur un tronçon de voie, uniquement pour la transmission d'informations, et n'a pas abouti à ce jour à un emploi industriel. Un système du même genre, décrit par H.M. Barlow, The Radio and Electronic Engineer, mai 1967, p. 275-281, utilisant un guide d'ondes de structure différente, en vue également de la seule transmission d'informations, présente le même inconvénient de complexité et de coût, et n'a pas non plus abouti äune exploitation industrielle.We have already proposed in the publication "Waveguide communication system for centralized railway traffic control" by T. Kawakami and others, IEEE Trans. on Vehicular Communications, Sept 1964, p. 1-18, to have a circular waveguide provided with directional couplers and radiating auxiliary waveguides along a railway track for high-speed train, the trains having to be provided with a transmitting antenna and / or reception. Such a device allows data transmissions and telephone or television conversations between the train and a checkpoint. However, it requires the installation along the way of a relatively complex and expensive apparatus. It has only been used for experimental purposes on a section of track, solely for the transmission of information, and has not resulted to date in industrial employment. A similar system, described by HM Barlow, The Radio and Electronic Engineer, May 1967, p. 275-281, using a waveguide of different structure, also for the sole purpose of transmitting information, has the same drawback of complexity and cost, and has also not resulted in exploitation industrial.

Le premier dispositif selon l'invention a pour but de permettre, non seulement la transmission d'informations, mais également le contrôle de la marche de véhicules, tels que des trains, soit roulant sur des rails, soit mus par un moteur linéaire, des funiculaires, des ascenseurs, des chariots de surveillance d'enceintes ou des voitures automobiles, à l'aide d'éléments plus simples et moins coûteux que ceux décrits dans ces publications.The first device according to the invention aims to allow, not only the transmission of information, but also the control of the running of vehicles, such as trains, either rolling on rails, or moved by a linear motor, funiculars, elevators, carts for monitoring enclosures or motor cars, using simpler and less expensive elements than those described in these publications.

Ce dispositif est caractérisé en ce que le réseau d'ouvertures percé sur la face émissive du tube creux est tel qu'il permette la transmission entre ces ouvertures et l'antenne d'émission et/ou de réception.This device is characterized in that the network of openings pierced on the emissive face of the hollow tube is such that it allows transmission between these openings and the transmit and / or receive antenna.

Il répond en outre de préférence à au moins l'une des caractéris­tiques suivantes :
- Les ouvertures de la face émissive possédent une grande dimension très supérieure à leur dimension perpendiculaire, certaines d'entre elles sont perpendiculaires à l'axe du tube creux et certaines autres obliques par rapport à cet axe, disposées selon un motif particulier correspondant à un codage approprié, les ouvertures perpendiculaires à l'axe transmettant une composante axiale (Ez) véhiculant des informations et/ou des instructions, et les ouvertures obliques par rapport à l'axe transmettant en outre une composante perpendiculaire (Ey) permettant la connaissance par l'élément mobile de sa position absolue et de toute autre information liée à celle-­ci, notamment sa vitesse maximale autorisée.
- L'organe d'alimentation du tube creux en ondes hyperfréquences est un émetteur sur deux fréquences différentes, l'une correspon­dant à l'échange d'informations et/ou d'instructions, l'autre procurant des fluctuations d'amplitude importantes des signaux reçus par une antenne solidaire de l'élément mobile et restant à proximité de la face du tube percée d'ouvertures, de façon à permettre par comptage du nombre d'ouvertures la localisation de l'élément mobile et la mesure de sa vitesse.
- Le tube est un rail creux d'alimentation en énergie d'un véhicule ferroviaire ou une plaque de réaction d'un système de propulsion à moteur linéaire.
- Les faces internes du tube creux sont munies d'un dépôt électrolyti­que d'un métal bon conducteur électrique.
- Le tube possède une section droite en forme de H, de façon à constituer un guide d'ondes rayonnant supérieur et un guide d'ondes rayonnant inférieur séparés par un fond, ce fond est percé d'un réseau d'ouvertures, le guide d'ondes supérieur est muni de courts-­circuits électriques formant coupleurs directifs associés à une couche de matériau absorbant les ondes hyperfréquences et autorisant le seul passage de l'énergie hyperfréquences du guide d'ondes inférieur vers le guide d'ondes supérieur, divisant ce dernier en tronçons, le guide d'ondes inférieur est relié à un organe d'alimentation en ondes hyperfréquences porteuses d'informations et/ou d'instructions pour tous les éléments mobiles, et le guide d'ondes supérieur est relié à un organe d'alimentation en ondes hyperfréquences porteuses d'informations et/ou d'instructions à destination de et/ou en prove­nance des seuls éléments mobiles se déplaçant le long des tronçons délimités par deux courts-circuits électriques successifs et les matériaux absorbants associés.
- La face du tube percée d'un réseau d'ouvertures est en une matière plastique recouverte sur une faible épaisseur d'une métallisation dans laquelle est gravé le réseau d'ouvertures.
- Au moins sur certains tronçons du tube creux les ouvertures permet­tant la localisation de l'élément mobile et la mesure de sa vitesse sont séparées par des intervalles tels qu'une consigne de passage de l'antenne correspondante de l'élément mobile à des intervalles de temps égaux en face de ces ouvertures assure le contrôle de la vitesse de l'élément mobile.It also preferably meets at least one of the following characteristics:
- The openings of the emissive face have a large dimension much greater than their perpendicular dimension, some of them are perpendicular to the axis of the hollow tube and some others oblique to this axis, arranged in a particular pattern corresponding to a appropriate coding, the openings perpendicular to the axis transmitting an axial component (E z ) conveying information and / or instructions, and the openings oblique to the axis further transmitting a perpendicular component (E y ) allowing knowledge by the moving element of its absolute position and of any other information linked to it, in particular its maximum authorized speed.
- The supply member for the hollow tube in microwave waves is a transmitter on two different frequencies, one corresponding to the exchange of information and / or instructions, the other providing large amplitude fluctuations of the signals received by an antenna secured to the mobile element and remaining close to the face of the tube pierced with openings, so as to allow, by counting the number of openings, the location of the mobile element and the measurement of its speed.
- The tube is a hollow power supply rail for a rail vehicle or a reaction plate for a propulsion system with a linear motor.
- The internal faces of the hollow tube are provided with an electrolytic deposit of a metal which is a good electrical conductor.
- The tube has a cross section in the shape of an H, so as to constitute an upper radiating waveguide and a lower radiating waveguide separated by a bottom, this bottom is pierced with a network of openings, the guide waveform is provided with electrical short circuits forming directional couplers associated with a layer of material absorbing microwave waves and allowing only the passage of microwave energy from the lower waveguide to the upper waveguide, dividing this last in sections, the lower waveguide is connected to a microwave power supply member carrying information and / or instructions for all the moving elements, and the upper waveguide is connected to a '' microwave power supply carrying information and / or instructions to and / or from only mobile elements moving along the sections delimited by two successive electrical short-circuits and associated absorbent materials.
- The face of the tube pierced with a network of openings is made of a plastic material covered over a small thickness of a metallization in which is engraved the network of openings.
- At least on certain sections of the hollow tube, the openings allowing the location of the mobile element and the measurement of its speed are separated by intervals such that a command to pass the corresponding antenna of the mobile element at intervals equal time in front of these openings provides control of the speed of the movable member.

On comprendra que la section droite du tube peut dans le cas général être quelconque, elliptique, circulaire ou rectangulaire. Un section droite rectangulaire conduit cependant à des simplifica­tions d'ordre mécanique.It will be understood that the cross section of the tube can in the general case be arbitrary, elliptical, circular or rectangular. A rectangular cross section however leads to mechanical simplifications.

Des ouvertures équidistantes pratiquées sur la face rayonnante du tube creux permettent de déterminer la vitesse de l'élément mobile par simple comptage du nombre de détections par une antenne de localisation pendant un intervalle de temps donné. La position est obtenue en multipliant le nombre de détections par le pas séparant deux ouvertures successives.Equidistant openings made on the radiating face of the hollow tube make it possible to determine the speed of the mobile element by simple counting of the number of detections by a location antenna during a given time interval. The position is obtained by multiplying the number of detections by the step separating two successive openings.

Les ouvertures de mesure de la vitesse et de la position de l'élément mobile peuvent aussi être disposées de telle manière que des successions de présence ou d'absence d'un signal puissent être codées de façon à enregistrer ainsi des données telles que la position absolue et la vitesse autorisée en un point déterminé de son trajet.The openings for measuring the speed and the position of the movable element can also be arranged in such a way that successions of presence or absence of a signal can be coded so as to record data such as the position. absolute and the authorized speed at a determined point in its path.

Les raccordements des guides d'ondes rayonnants aux interruptions nécessitées par les problèmes de dilatation ou, dans le cas de véhicules ferroviaires, par les passages des appareils de voie peuvent être constitués par une transition guide d'ondes-câble coaxial, un élément de câble coaxial souple et une transition câble coaxial-guide d'ondes.The connections of the radiating waveguides to the interruptions required by the problems of expansion or, in the case of railway vehicles, by the passages of the switches and crossings can be constituted by a transition waveguide-coaxial cable, a cable element flexible coaxial and a coaxial cable-waveguide transition.

Pour compenser l'affaiblissement des signaux le long du trajet de l'élément mobile, bien que celui-ci ne soit que modéré, des répéteurs de type connu disposés de loin en loin assureront la régénération de ces signaux. En outre, les guides d'ondes peuvent être percés d'ouvertures dont les dimensions augmentent par paliers, afin de compenser les pertes par atténuation linéique et d'obtenir des niveaux de signaux transmis quasi-constants, que l'on soit proche d'un récepteur ou en limite de portée de celui-ci.To compensate for the weakening of the signals along the path of the movable element, although the latter is only moderate, repeaters of known type arranged from afar will ensure the regeneration of these signals. In addition, the waveguides can be pierced with openings whose dimensions increase in stages, in order to compensate for the losses by linear attenuation and to obtain almost constant levels of transmitted signals, whether one is close to a receiver or at the limit of its range.

Un dispositif tel que défini ci-dessus permet l'échange d'infor­mations analogiques à large bande et/ou numériques à haut débit, telles d'une part des signaux téléphoniques et/ou vidéo, et/ou d'autre part des signaux de télémesures et/ou de télécommandes, mais permet aussi les mesures de position et/ou de vitesse de l'élément mobile se déplaçant près du tube formant guide d'ondes hyperfréquences.A device as defined above allows the exchange of broadband analog and / or high speed digital information, such as telephone and / or video signals on the one hand, and / or communication signals on the other telemetry and / or remote controls, but also allows position and / or speed measurements of the movable element moving near the tube forming a microwave waveguide.

Un deuxième dispositif selon l'invention a pour but de permettre la transmission d'informations et/ou d'instructions entre un véhicule routier et un poste de péage ou de contrôle à l'entrée de voies de circulation payantes ou à accès contrôlé, sans arrêt du véhicule routier au poste de péage ou de contrôle. Il est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en amont d'une barrière d'accès au moins un tronçon de voie muni d'un tube creux formant guide d'ondes, en ce que ce tube est relié à un poste de contrôle muni d'une part d'une liaison avec un centre de fourniture et d'enregistrement de données bancaires ou d'habilitation, et d'autre part à un organe de commande de l'ouver­ture de la barrière d'accès.A second device according to the invention aims to allow the transmission of information and / or instructions between a road vehicle and a toll or control post at the entrance to pay or controlled access lanes, without vehicle stop road at the toll booth or checkpoint. It is characterized in that it comprises, upstream of an access barrier, at least one section of track provided with a hollow tube forming a waveguide, in that this tube is connected to a control station provided with '' on the one hand, a link with a center for the supply and recording of banking or authorization data, and, on the other hand, a body controlling the opening of the access barrier.

De préférence le tube creux parallèle au tronçon de voie permet l'interrogation du véhicule, la réception de données d'identifi­cation, le traitement de ces données par le poste de contrôle, puis la validation des données d'identification et l'ouverture de la barrière d'accès.Preferably the hollow tube parallel to the track section allows the interrogation of the vehicle, the reception of identification data, the processing of this data by the control station, then the validation of the identification data and the opening of the access barrier.

Le troisième dispositif selon l'invention a pour but de permettre la transmission d'informations et/ou d'instructions entre une caméra d'observation disposée dans une enceinte non accessible sans danger, telle qu'une enceinte soumise à un rayonnement ionisant, et un poste de contrôle. Il est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un coffre électronique à antenne d'émission et de réception d'hyperfréquences, relié à la caméra, un tube creux formant guide d'ondes disposé en regard de l'antenne d'émission, lui-même relié au poste de contrôle, comportant un organe de réception et de traitement des signaux hyperfréquences émis par le coffre électronique et de transmission des signaux traités à un écran de télévision.The purpose of the third device according to the invention is to allow the transmission of information and / or instructions between an observation camera placed in an enclosure which is not accessible without danger, such as an enclosure subjected to ionizing radiation, and a checkpoint. It is characterized in that it comprises an electronic safe with antenna for transmitting and receiving microwave frequencies, connected to the camera, a hollow tube forming a waveguide arranged opposite the transmitting antenna, itself even connected to the control post, comprising a device for receiving and processing microwave signals emitted by the electronic safe and for transmitting the processed signals to a television screen.

Il est décrit ci-après, à titre d'exemples et en références aux figures schématiques du dessin annexé, des dispositifs de transmis­sion d'informations et/ou d'instructions selon l'invention.

  • La figure 1 représente en perspective un véhicule ferroviaire et des éléments de voie et de tube creux formant guide d'ondes parallèle à la voie.
  • La figure 2 représente à plus grande échelle une vue de la face du tube d'ondes de la figure 1, percée du réseau d'ouvertures dont les orientations judicieuses permettent de mettre en évidence deux composantes distinctes du champ rayonné par le guide d'ondes, informations permettant les fonctions de transmission et/ou de localisation et/ou de mesure de vitesse.
  • La figure 3 représente avec arrachement partiel un tronçon de rail d'alimentation en énergie présentant une section droite en forme de H, jouant le rôle de double guide d'ondes.
  • La figure 4 représente un élément d'une piste d'essais pour automobiles.
  • La figure 5 représente un véhicule prioritaire le long d'une route munie d'une dispositif d'échange d'informations et d'instructions.
  • La figure 6 représente un poste de péage automatique sans arrêt des véhicules à l'entrée d'une voie de circulation payante.
  • La figure 7 représente un funiculaire et un élément de voie correspondant muni à côté de la crémaillère d'un guide d'ondes en hyperfréquences.
  • La figure 8 représente un poste de surveillance d'ascenseurs dans un immeuble.
  • La figure 9 représente un chariot de surveillance d'enceinte par caméra monté sur rails.
  • La figure 10 représente un dispositif de contrôle de caméra d'observation dans une enceinte soumise à un rayonnement ionisant.
It is described below, by way of examples and with reference to the schematic figures of the appended drawing, devices for transmitting information and / or instructions according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows in perspective a railway vehicle and track and hollow tube elements forming a waveguide parallel to the track.
  • FIG. 2 represents on a larger scale a view of the face of the wave tube of FIG. 1, pierced with the network of openings whose judicious orientations make it possible to highlight two distinct components of the field radiated by the waveguide , information enabling the transmission and / or location and / or speed measurement functions.
  • Figure 3 shows with partial cutaway a section of energy supply rail having an H-shaped cross section, playing the role of double waveguide.
  • FIG. 4 represents an element of a test track for automobiles.
  • FIG. 5 represents a priority vehicle along a road provided with a device for exchanging information and instructions.
  • FIG. 6 represents an automatic toll station without stopping vehicles at the entrance to a paying traffic lane.
  • FIG. 7 represents a funicular and a corresponding track element provided, next to the rack, with a microwave waveguide.
  • Figure 8 shows an elevator monitoring station in a building.
  • FIG. 9 represents a camera surveillance trolley mounted on rails.
  • FIG. 10 represents an observation camera control device in an enclosure subjected to ionizing radiation.

Dans la figure 1, le véhicule ferroviaire 3, par exemple la motrice d'un rame de métropolitain, roule sur des rails 2 à proximité d'un support matériel formé par un tube creux constituant un guide d'ondes rayonnant 1 grâce à la présence d'ouvertures géométri­quement dissymétriques réalisant un réseau 7 sur une des faces 6 du support matérial. La motrice est munie d'une antenne d'émission et de réception 4 et d'un antenne de localisation 5. La première permet la transmission d'informations ou d'instructions de commande entre la motrice et un poste de contrôle de trafic auquel est reliée une extrémité du guide d'ondes et est constituée d'une ou plusieurs antennes élémentaires couplées entre elles afin d'assurer les fonctions de gain et de régulation d'amplitude des signaux émis et reçus.In FIG. 1, the rail vehicle 3, for example the power train of a metro train, rolls on rails 2 near a material support formed by a hollow tube constituting a radiating waveguide 1 thanks to the presence geometrically asymmetrical openings forming a network 7 on one of the faces 6 of the material support. The powerplant is provided with a transmit and receive antenna 4 and a location antenna 5. The first allows the transmission of information or control instructions between the powerplant and a traffic control station to which is connected to one end of the waveguide and consists of one or more elementary antennas coupled together in order to provide the gain and amplitude regulation functions of the signals transmitted and received.

L'antenne dite de localisation 5 permet de mesurer une autre composante du champ électromagnétique hyperfréquence reçue au-dessus du guide d'ondes et/ou de recevoir une longueur d'onde différente des signaux hyperfréquences. En admettant par exemple que les ouver­tures soient équidistantes et d'un écartement connu, les signaux reçus par l'antenne donneront, par le nombre de périodes, la position du véhicule et, par la fréquence des transitions, sa vitesse.The so-called localization antenna 5 makes it possible to measure another component of the microwave electromagnetic field received above the waveguide and / or to receive a wavelength different from the microwave signals. Assuming for example that the openings are equidistant and of a known spacing, the signals received by the antenna will give, by the number of periods, the position of the vehicle and, by the frequency of the transitions, its speed.

On peut également par exemple asservir le véhicule à ce que son antenne de localisation reçoive le rayonnement des ouvertures à des intervalles de temps déterminés, ce qui permet de contrôler sa vitesse.It is also possible, for example, to control the vehicle so that its location antenna receives the radiation from the openings at determined time intervals, which makes it possible to control its speed.

La figure 2 montre comment il est possible sur la face 6 percée du réseau d'ouvertures, dont certaines 8 sont perpendiculaires à l'axe du guide d'ondes et d'autres 9 obliques par rapport à cet axe, d'orienter celles-ci afin de recevoir une amplitude constante de la composante Ez (droite 10) permettant les transmissions et de recevoir un signal discontinu (courbe 11) par la composante Ey permettant la localisation et la mesure de vitesse du véhicule comme on l'a vu précédemment.FIG. 2 shows how it is possible on the pierced face 6 of the network of openings, some 8 of which are perpendicular to the axis of the waveguide and others 9 oblique to this axis, to orient those ci in order to receive a constant amplitude of the component E z (straight line 10) allowing the transmissions and to receive a discontinuous signal (curve 11) by the component E y allowing the location and the measurement of vehicle speed as we have seen previously.

La figure 3 représente un double guide d'ondes supérieur 12 et inférieur 13, de section droite en forme de H. Les signaux communs à tous les véhicules sont véhiculés par le guide d'ondes infürieur 13 et couplés au guide d'ondes supérieur 12 par des coupleurs directifs constitués d'ouvertures 15 situées dans le fond 14 du guide d'ondes supérieur. Des courts-circuits électriques 16 délimitent le guide d'ondes supérieur en éléments pouvant être de la taille d'un canton de voie par exemple. Un matériau absorbant 17 permet d'éviter les phénomènes d'ondes stationnaires dans le guide d'ondes supérieur. Ce guide d'ondes supérieur est relié à un organe d'émission et de réception d'ondes hyperfréquences différentes permettant d'échanger des informations et/ou des instructions de commande avec les véhicules se trouvant sur le tronçon délimité par deux courts-circuits électri­ques 16 consécutifs. Les pilotes automatiques fixes installés le long de la voie peuvent dialoguer avec le poste central de commande en injectant une onde hyperfréquence porteuse d'informations dans le guide d'ondes inférieur.FIG. 3 represents a double upper 12 and lower 13 waveguide, of H-shaped cross section. The signals common to all the vehicles are conveyed by the lower waveguide 13 and coupled to the upper waveguide 12 by directional couplers consisting of openings 15 located in the bottom 14 of the upper waveguide. Electric short-circuits 16 delimit the upper waveguide into elements which can be the size of a track block for example. An absorbent material 17 makes it possible to avoid the phenomena of standing waves in the upper waveguide. This upper waveguide is connected to a member for transmitting and receiving different microwave waves making it possible to exchange information and / or control instructions with the vehicles located on the section delimited by two electric short-circuits. 16 consecutive. Fixed autopilots installed along the track can communicate with the central control station by injecting a microwave carrying information into the lower waveguide.

Le tube creux représenté en 1, figure 1, ou apparaissant en figure 3 peut, grâce à ses dimensions géométriques compatibles, réaliser également les fonctions de rail d'énergie et/ou de guidage.The hollow tube shown in 1, Figure 1, or appearing in Figure 3 can, thanks to its compatible geometric dimensions, also perform the functions of energy rail and / or guide.

La figure 4 représente une piste d'essais de voitures, appar­ tenant par exemple à un constructeur d'automobiles ou à un fabricant de pneumatiques, ou à un organisme d'homologation de types d'automo­biles. Le véhicule 21 circule sur la piste d'essais 23. Celle-ci comporte un tube de section droite rectangulaire destiné à véhiculer à grande vitesse des informations et/ou instructions par ondes hyperfréquences et muni d'ouvertures de forme générale rectangulaire, perpendiculaires à son axe. Ce tube creux peut être enterré dans l'axe de la piste, sa face supérieure affleurant le niveau de la chaussée (tube 24 muni d'ouvertures 25) ou disposé sur un bord de la chaussée, un peu au-dessus du sol (tube 26 muni d'ouvertures 27), supporté par exemple par une glissière de sécurité. Le véhicule est muni dans le premier cas d'une double antenne 28 d'émission et de réception en bas de caisse. Dans le second cas, il est muni d'une double antenne d'émission et de réception 29 sur le côté de véhicule faisant face au tube creux.Figure 4 shows a car test track, apparently for example from an automobile manufacturer or a tire manufacturer, or from an automobile type approval body. The vehicle 21 travels on the test track 23. This comprises a rectangular cross-section tube intended to convey information and / or instructions at high speed by microwave waves and provided with openings of generally rectangular shape, perpendicular to its axis. This hollow tube can be buried in the axis of the track, its upper face flush with the level of the roadway (tube 24 provided with openings 25) or placed on an edge of the roadway, a little above the ground (tube 26 provided with openings 27), supported for example by a safety barrier. The vehicle is provided in the first case with a double antenna 28 for transmission and reception at the bottom of the body. In the second case, it is provided with a double transmitting and receiving antenna 29 on the side of the vehicle facing the hollow tube.

Le tube creux de transmission d'ondes hyperfréquences reçoit à une extrémité l'énergie porteuse des signaux provenant du poste de contrôle d'essais 30 émis sur un premier canal A par un émetteur 31 relié à un pupitre de contrôle 32, et il reçoit également tout le long de la piste l'énergie porteuse des signaux transmis par le véhicule en cours d'essais. A l'autre extrémité du guide d'ondes, un poste d'enregistrement (non représenté) élimine les signaux du canal A et recueille les signaux d'un autre canal B en provenance du véhicule, qui sont amplifiés et mis en forme pour les besoins de l'utilisation.The hollow microwave transmission tube receives at one end the energy carrying signals from the test control station 30 transmitted on a first channel A by a transmitter 31 connected to a control desk 32, and it also receives all along the track the energy carrying the signals transmitted by the vehicle during the tests. At the other end of the waveguide, a recording station (not shown) eliminates the signals of channel A and collects the signals of another channel B from the vehicle, which are amplified and shaped for the usage needs.

La figure 5 représente un dispositif d'échange d'informations et d'instructions entre un véhicule, par exemple un véhicule priori­taire (gendarmerie, ambulance, pompiers, médecins) et un poste de contrôle d'une route. Le véhicule 33 circule le long de la voie, sur le bord de laquelle est disposé un tube creux formant guide d'ondes hyperfréquences, soit un tube 34 enterré dans l'axe de la voie, sa face supérieure munie d'ouvertures rectangulaires 35 affleurant la chaussée, soit un tube 37 muni d'ouvertures 38 disposé le long de la voie, peu au-dessus du sol, porté par exemple par une glissière de sécurité. Dans le premier cas, le véhicule est muni en bas de caisse et dans son axe d'une double antenne d'émission et de réception 28, et dans le second cas sur son côté tourné vers le tube creux d'une double antenne d'émission et de réception 29.FIG. 5 represents a device for exchanging information and instructions between a vehicle, for example a priority vehicle (gendarmerie, ambulance, fire brigade, doctors) and a road control station. The vehicle 33 travels along the track, on the edge of which is disposed a hollow tube forming a microwave waveguide, a tube 34 buried in the axis of the track, its upper face provided with rectangular openings 35 flush the roadway, a tube 37 provided with openings 38 arranged along the track, slightly above the ground, carried for example by a safety barrier. In the first case, the vehicle is provided at the bottom of the body and in its axis with a double transmitting and receiving antenna 28, and in the second case on its side facing the hollow tube with a double transmitting and receiving antenna 29.

Le tube creux formant guide d'ondes est alors muni, pour compenser l'affaiblissement des signaux le long de la voie, de répéteurs de type connu disposés de loin en loin, assurant la régénéra­tion des signaux.The hollow tube forming a waveguide is then provided, to compensate for the weakening of the signals along the track, with repeaters of known type arranged from far to far, ensuring the regeneration of the signals.

Un tel dispositif peut être adapté pour permettre le pilotage de véhicules équipés de dispositifs anti-collision.Such a device can be adapted to allow the piloting of vehicles equipped with anti-collision devices.

Dans la figure 6, le véhicule 1 se présente à l'entrée du poste de péage automatique 42, à l'entrée de la voie de circulation payante. La piste d'accès est munie d'un tube rectangulaire creux 44, formant guide d'ondes, de section droite carrée ou rectangulaire, enterré dans son axe, et dont la face supérieure, munie d'ouvertures rectangulaires perpendiculaires à son axe, dirigeant le rayonnement vers le haut, affleure la bande de roulement.In FIG. 6, the vehicle 1 is presented at the entrance to the automatic toll station 42, at the entrance to the toll lane. The access track is provided with a hollow rectangular tube 44, forming waveguide, of square or rectangular cross section, buried in its axis, and the upper face of which, provided with rectangular openings perpendicular to its axis, directing the radiation upwards, is flush with the tread.

Le véhicule est alors muni en bas de caisse et dans son axe d'une antenne d'émission 45, et éventuellement d'une antenne de réception, toutes deux dirigées vers le bas. Le tube creux 44 communi­que par la liaison hyperfréquence à grande vitesse 46 représentée en trait tireté avec un poste de contrôle 50.The vehicle is then provided at the bottom of the body and in its axis with a transmitting antenna 45, and possibly with a receiving antenna, both directed downwards. The hollow tube 44 communicates by the high-speed microwave link 46 shown in dashed lines with a control station 50.

En variante, la piste d'accès est bordée par un tube rectangulai­re 47, disposé à une faible distance au-dessus du sol, et le véhicule est muni sur le bas de son flanc d'une antenne d'émission 48 tournée vers ce tube. Ce dernier communique par la liaison hyperfréquence à grande vitesse 49, représentée en trait tireté, avec le poste de contrôle 50. La distance entre l'antenne du véhicule et le tube creux latéral reste de préférence d'au plus 2 mètres.As a variant, the access track is bordered by a rectangular tube 47, placed a short distance above the ground, and the vehicle is provided on the bottom of its side with a transmitting antenna 48 facing this tube. . The latter communicates via the high-speed microwave link 49, shown in dashed lines, with the control station 50. The distance between the vehicle antenna and the lateral hollow tube preferably remains at most 2 meters.

Bien que les deux variantes de réalisation possibles, tube enterré dans l'axe de la piste d'accès, et tube bordant la piste, aient été l'une et l'autre représentées sur la figure, on comprendra qu'en pratique l'une seule de ces liaisons existera.Although the two possible embodiments, tube buried in the axis of the access track, and tube bordering the track, have both been shown in the figure, it will be understood that in practice the only one of these links will exist.

Le couloir de circulation pour les véhicules à contrôler est divisé en trois parties successives A, B et C.The traffic lane for the vehicles to be checked is divided into three successive parts A, B and C.

La partie A sert à l'interrogation du véhicule par le poste de contrôle 50 et à la réception de ses données d'identification, à l'aide des tubes creux 44 ou 47.Part A is used for interrogation of the vehicle by the post 50 and upon receipt of its identification data, using hollow tubes 44 or 47.

La deuxième partie B est destinée à permettre le traitement de ces données par le poste de contrôle 50 : interrogation du centre de fourniture et d'enregistrement de données bancaires 51, vérification de l'existence d'un compte bancaire approvisionné et débit de ce compte. Des signaux lumineux 52, 53 commandés par le poste de contrô­le 50, grâce à la liaison hyperfréquence 54, bordent cette partie de la voie et indiquent au conducteur du véhicule s'il peut progresser et à quelle allure.The second part B is intended to allow the processing of this data by the control station 50: interrogation of the center for supply and recording of bank data 51, verification of the existence of a bank account provisioned and debit of this account . Light signals 52, 53 controlled by the control station 50, thanks to the microwave link 54, border this part of the track and indicate to the driver of the vehicle if he can progress and at what speed.

La troisième partie C permet la validation du débit opéré sur le compte bancaire du conducteur du véhicule et l'autorisation de passage pour celui-ci.The third part C allows the validation of the debit operated on the bank account of the driver of the vehicle and the authorization of passage for this one.

Le poste de contrôle 50 envoie par la liaison 55 au signal lumineux 56 un ordre "feu vert" et à la barrière 57 un ordre d'ouver­ture.The control station 50 sends the link 55 to the light signal 56 a "green light" order and to the barrier 57 an opening order.

Dans la figure 7, le funiculaire 60, circulant sur la voie 61 munie de la crémaillère 62, est représenté au départ d'une station 63. Un tube formant guide d'ondes hyperfréquences 64 est disposé à l'intérieur de la voie, parallèlement à la crémaillère 62. Il est muni sur sa face supérieure 65 d'un réseau d'ouvertures géométriquement dissymétriques analogues à celles représentées à plus grande échelle en figures 2 et 3 pour une motrice de rame de métropolitain. Le funiculair comporte sur la face inférieure de la caisse, en regard du guide d'ondes, une antenne d'émission et de réception et une antenne de localisation, toutes deux non représentées.In FIG. 7, the funicular 60, circulating on the track 61 provided with the rack 62, is shown at the start of a station 63. A tube forming a microwave waveguide 64 is arranged inside the track, parallel rack 62. It is provided on its upper face 65 with a network of geometrically asymmetrical openings similar to those shown on a larger scale in FIGS. 2 and 3 for a metro train driver. The funicular comprises on the underside of the body, facing the waveguide, a transmitting and receiving antenna and a locating antenna, both not shown.

Le guide d'ondes est relié par un câble coaxial 66 à un poste de contrôle 67 comportant une armoire 68 d'émission d'ondes hyperfré­quences et un récepteur 69 des informations fournies par le funiculaire.The waveguide is connected by a coaxial cable 66 to a control station 67 comprising a cabinet 68 for transmitting microwave waves and a receiver 69 for the information provided by the funicular.

Le funiculaire est par exemple muni d'une caméra interne 70 d'observation du taux d'occupation, dont les indications sont trans­mises par le tube guide d'ondes et la câble coaxial à un écran de télévision 71 disposé dans le poste de contrôle, muni d'un levier 73 de ralentissement ou d'arrêt. Par ailleurs, un écran de télévision 72 disposé dans le funiculaire est alimenté en messages ou en émission télévisées publicitaires ou non par le poste de contrôle.The funicular is for example provided with an internal camera 70 for observing the occupancy rate, the indications of which are transmitted by the waveguide tube and the coaxial cable to a television screen 71 arranged in the control station, provided with a lever 73 for slowing down or stopping. In addition, a television screen 72 arranged in the funicular is supplied with messages or by transmission advertising or not by the control station.

Dans la figure 8, plusieurs cages d'ascenseur 80, 81, 82 sont munies de tubes creux verticaux formant guides d'ondes 83, 84, 85, percés sur leur face en regard de la paroi des cabines d'ascenseur d'ouvertures géométriquement dissymétriques formant un réseau. Chaque cabine d'ascenseur est munie elle-même d'une antenne d'émission et de réception et d'une antenne de localisation, non représentées. Les tubes creux formant guides d'ondes sont reliés par des éléments de câble coaxiaux (non représentés) au poste de contrôle 86. Ce dernier est muni d'une armoire d'émission d'ondes hyperfréquences 87 et d'une armoire 88 de réception des informations provenant des cabines d'ascenseur et de contrôle automatique de leurs déplacements. Chaque cabine d'ascenseur comporte un tiroir électronique tel que 89 à générateur d'hyperfréquences, un micro tel que 90 et une caméra de surveillance 91, 92, 93. Les informations transmises par les tubes formant guides d'ondes 83, 84, 85 et les câbles coaxiaux, notamment sur la position et la vitesse des cabines, sont reçues par l'armoire de réception 88, reliée à des écrans de télévision 94, 95, 96 disposés sur le tableau de contrôle 97 en face du poste de surveillant, permettant la visualisation de la situation dans les cabines d'ascenseurs. Un levier 98 permet au surveillant d'arrêter l'un des ascenseurs en cas d'incident.In FIG. 8, several elevator shafts 80, 81, 82 are provided with vertical hollow tubes forming waveguides 83, 84, 85, drilled on their face opposite the wall of the elevator cars of geometrically openings. asymmetrical forming a network. Each elevator car is itself provided with a transmitting and receiving antenna and with a locating antenna, not shown. The hollow tubes forming waveguides are connected by coaxial cable elements (not shown) to the control station 86. The latter is provided with a cabinet for transmitting microwave waves 87 and a cabinet 88 for receiving information from elevator cabs and automatic movement controls. Each elevator car has an electronic drawer such as 89 with a microwave generator, a microphone such as 90 and a surveillance camera 91, 92, 93. The information transmitted by the tubes forming waveguides 83, 84, 85 and the coaxial cables, in particular on the position and the speed of the cabins, are received by the reception cabinet 88, connected to television screens 94, 95, 96 arranged on the control panel 97 opposite the supervisor station, allowing the visualization of the situation in the elevator cabs. A lever 98 allows the supervisor to stop one of the elevators in the event of an incident.

L'installation de surveillance de la figure 9 est destinée à déceler toute tentative de franchissement de la clôture 100 d'une installation sensible, telle qu'installation militaire, dépôt d'hydro­carbures, centrale nucléaire, etc...A cet effet, deux rainures parallèles 101 creusées dans le sol à proximité de la clôture forment piste de circulation pour un chariot monté sur roues 102 à bras élévateur 103 portant une caméra de télévision rotative 104. Un tube formant guide d'ondes hyperfréquences 105 est disposé sur le sol entre les rainures 101. Il est percé sur sa face supérieure d'un réseau d'ouvertures rectangulaires de passage de ces ondes. Le chariot 102 comporte un coffre à générateur d'ondes hyperfréquen­ces 105A, et sur sa face inférieure une antenne d'émission et de réception et une antenne de localisation, non représentées. Le tube creux formant guide d'ondes est relié par un câble coaxial, non représenté, à un poste de surveillance 106. Celui-ci comporte un générateur d'ondes hyperfréquences 107, et une armoire 108 récep­trice des signaux envoyés par la caméra du chariot, alimentant un écran de télévision 109 disposé en face du surveillant. Des leviers 110, 111 permettent le réglage en orientation et en hauteur de la caméra du chariot.The monitoring installation in FIG. 9 is intended to detect any attempt to cross the fence 100 of a sensitive installation, such as a military installation, oil depot, nuclear power station, etc. For this purpose, two parallel grooves 101 dug in the ground near the fence form a circulation track for a trolley mounted on wheels 102 with lifting arm 103 carrying a rotary television camera 104. A tube forming a microwave wave guide 105 is disposed on the ground between grooves 101. It is pierced on its upper face with a network of rectangular openings for the passage of these waves. The carriage 102 comprises a chest with a microwave generator 105A, and on its underside a transmitting and receiving antenna and a location antenna, not shown. The hollow tube forming waveguide is connected by a coaxial cable, not shown, to a monitoring station 106. This includes a microwave generator 107, and a cabinet 108 receiving signals sent by the carriage camera, feeding a television screen 109 arranged opposite the supervisor. Levers 110, 111 allow the camera's orientation and height to be adjusted.

Dans l'installation de télécommande représentée en figure 10, une caméra de télévision 120 alimentée en énergie par un boî­tier 121 fournit un signal vidéo et un signal à basse fréquence provenant d'un microphone (non représenté). Ces signaux sont transmis par un élément de câble coaxial 122 à un modulateur 123 qui engendre une onde porteuse de fréquence voisine de 600 MHz.In the remote control installation shown in FIG. 10, a television camera 120 supplied with energy by a box 121 provides a video signal and a low frequency signal coming from a microphone (not shown). These signals are transmitted by a coaxial cable element 122 to a modulator 123 which generates a carrier wave of frequency close to 600 MHz.

L'onde porteuse modulée est mélangée à celle d'un oscillateur local de fréquence 1850 MHz, ce qui engendre un signal résultant de fréquence 2450 MHz. Après amplication, ce signal est transmis par un court câble coaxial 124 à une antenne d'émission à fentes 125, disposée en face du tube rectangulaire horizontal formant guide d'ondes 126, percé de fentes verticales 127. Ce guide d'ondes est relié par un amplificateur 128 et un câble coaxial 129 au poste de contrôle 130, disposé de l'autre côté d'une cloison 131 le séparant de l'enceinte soumise au rayonnement ionisant.The modulated carrier wave is mixed with that of a local oscillator of frequency 1850 MHz, which generates a resulting signal of frequency 2450 MHz. After amplification, this signal is transmitted by a short coaxial cable 124 to a slot antenna 125, arranged opposite the horizontal rectangular tube forming a waveguide 126, pierced with vertical slots 127. This waveguide is connected by an amplifier 128 and a coaxial cable 129 to the control station 130, disposed on the other side of a partition 131 separating it from the enclosure subjected to ionizing radiation.

Le câble coaxial 129 aboutit à un récepteur 132, relié à un écran de télévision 133.The coaxial cable 129 terminates in a receiver 132, connected to a television screen 133.

L'énergie est fournie à la caméra 120 disposée dans l'enceinte à partir du boîtier à basse tension 121, auquel elle est reliée par le câble 134.Energy is supplied to the camera 120 arranged in the enclosure from the low-voltage box 121, to which it is connected by the cable 134.

En fonctionnement le signal émis par l'antenne 125 induit un signal hyperfréquence dans le tube guide d'ondes 126. Ce signal est recueilli à l'extrémité du guide d'ondes par un élément de transition, qui alimente l'amplificateur 128 relié lui-même à un mélangeur disposé à l'intérieur du récepteur 132. L'amplification perment de ne pas dégrader le rapport signal/bruit, car il peut y avoir une longueur de plusieurs mètres entre l'amplificateur et le récepteur.In operation, the signal emitted by the antenna 125 induces a microwave signal in the waveguide tube 126. This signal is collected at the end of the waveguide by a transition element, which supplies the amplifier 128 connected to it. - even to a mixer placed inside the receiver 132. The amplification allows not to degrade the signal / noise ratio, because there can be a length of several meters between the amplifier and the receiver.

Le mélangeur du récepteur 132 reçoit d'un côté un signal à 2450 MHz, d'un autre un signal d'un oscillateur local à 1850 MHz. Il engendre en sorte un signal à 600 MHz qui est l'image du signal d'émission. Le signal est alors démodulé, et donne en sortie du récepteur un signal vidéo et un signal à basse fréquence, qui sont appliqués à l'écran de télévision 133.The mixer of the receiver 132 receives on one side a signal at 2450 MHz, on the other a signal from a local oscillator at 1850 MHz. It thus generates a signal at 600 MHz which is the image of the transmission signal. The signal is then demodulated, and gives at the output of the receiver a video signal and a low frequency signal, which are applied to the television screen 133.

Claims (15)

1/ Dispositif de transmission d'informations et/ou d'instructions à large bande passante et/ou de localisation entre un élément mobile et un poste de contrôle de cet élément, comportant un tube creux (1) parallèle au trajet suivi par l'élément mobile, formant guide d'ondes, dont une face émissive est percée d'un réseau d'ouvertures (7) de passage d'un rayonnement électromagnétique en hyperfréquences, l'élément mobile étant muni d'au moins une antenne d'émission et/ou de réception d'ondes hyperfréquences (4, 5) disposée en regard de la face du tube percée d'un réseau d'ouvertures (7), le tube creux étant relié à au moins un organe d'alimentation en ondes hyperfréquences et à un organe de réception d'ondes hyperfréquences provenant de lui,
caractérisé en ce que le réseau d'ouvertures percé dans la face émissive du tube creux est tel qu'il permette la transmission entre ces ouvertures et l'antenne d'émission et/ou réception.1 / Device for transmitting information and / or instructions with high bandwidth and / or location between a mobile element and a control station for this element, comprising a hollow tube (1) parallel to the path followed by the mobile element, forming waveguide, one emissive face of which is pierced with a network of openings (7) for the passage of electromagnetic microwave radiation, the mobile element being provided with at least one transmitting antenna and / or for receiving microwave waves (4, 5) disposed opposite the face of the tube pierced with a network of openings (7), the hollow tube being connected to at least one member for supplying microwave waves and to an organ for receiving microwave waves coming from it,
characterized in that the network of openings pierced in the emissive face of the hollow tube is such that it allows transmission between these openings and the transmit and / or receive antenna. 2/ Dispositif selon la revendication 1, pour transmission d'informa­tions et/ou d'instructions entre un élément mobile et un poste de contrôle, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures (7) de la face émissive possèdent une grande dimension très supérieure à leur dimension perpendiculaire, en ce que certaines d'entre elles (8) sont perpendiculaires à l'axe du tube creux et certaines autres (9) obliques par rapport à cet axe, disposées selon un motif particulier correspondant à un codage approprié, les ouvertures (8) perpendicu­laires à l'axe transmettant une composante axiale (Ez) véhiculant des informations et/ou des instructions, et les ouvertures (9) obliques par rapport à l'axe transmettant en outre une composante perpendiculaire (Ey) permettant la connaissance par l'élément mobile de sa position absolue et de toute autre information liée à celle-­ci, notamment sa vitesse maximale autorisée.2 / Device according to claim 1, for transmission of information and / or instructions between a mobile element and a control station, characterized in that the openings (7) of the emissive face have a large dimension much greater than their perpendicular dimension, in that some of them (8) are perpendicular to the axis of the hollow tube and some others (9) oblique to this axis, arranged in a particular pattern corresponding to an appropriate coding, the openings ( 8) perpendicular to the axis transmitting an axial component (E z ) conveying information and / or instructions, and the openings (9) oblique to the axis further transmitting a perpendicular component (E y ) allowing knowledge by the moving element of its absolute position and of any other information linked to it, in particular its maximum authorized speed. 3/ Dispositif selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'organe d'alimentation du tube creux en ondes hyperfréquences est un émetteur sur deux fréquences différentes, l'une correspondant à l'échange d'information et/ou d'instructions, l'autre procurant des fluctuations d'amplitude importantes des signaux reçus par une antenne solidaire de l'élément mobile et restant à proximité de la face du tube percée d'ouvertures, de façon à permettre par comptage du nombre d'ouvertures la localisation de l'élément mobile et la mesure de sa vitesse.3 / Device according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the supply member of the hollow tube in microwave waves is a transmitter on two different frequencies, one corresponding to the exchange of information and / or instructions, the other providing significant amplitude fluctuations of the signals received by an antenna secured to the mobile element and remaining close to the face of the tube pierced with openings, so as to allow, by counting the number of openings, the location of the mobile element and measuring its speed. 4/ Dispositif selon les revendications 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le tube est un rail creux d'alimentation en énergie d'un véhicule ferroviaire ou une plaque de réaction d'un système de propulsion à moteur linéaire.4 / Device according to claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the tube is a hollow rail for supplying energy to a rail vehicle or a reaction plate of a propulsion system with linear motor. 5/ Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les faces internes du tube creux sont munies d'un dépôt électrolytique d'un métal bon conducteur électrique.5 / Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the internal faces of the hollow tube are provided with an electrolytic deposit of a metal good electrical conductor. 6/ Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le tube possède une section droite en forme de H, de façon à constituer un guide d'ondes rayonnant supérieur (12) et un guide d'ondes rayonnant inférieur (13) séparés par un fond (14), en ce que ce fond est percé d'un réseau d'ouvertures (15), en ce que le guide d'ondes supérieur est muni de courts-circuits électriques (16) formant coupleurs directifs associés à une couche (17) de matériau absorbant les ondes hyperfréquences et autorisant le seul passage de l'énergie hyperfréquences du guide d'ondes inférieur vers le guide d'ondes supérieur, divisant ce dernier en tronçons, en ce que le guide d'ondes inférieur est relié à un organe d'alimenta­tion en ondes hyperfréquences porteuses d'informations et/ou d'instruc­tions pour tous les éléments mobiles, et en ce que le guide d'ondes supérieur est relié à un organe d'alimentation en ondes hyperfréquences porteuses d'informations et/ou d'instructions à destination de et/ou en provenance des seuls éléments mobiles se déplaçant le long des tronçons délimités par deux courts-circuits électriques successifs et les matériaux absorbants associés.6 / Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the tube has a cross section in the form of H, so as to constitute an upper radiating waveguide (12) and a lower radiating waveguide (13) separated by a bottom (14), in that this bottom is pierced with a network of openings (15), in that the upper waveguide is provided with electrical short-circuits (16) forming couplers directives associated with a layer (17) of material absorbing microwave waves and allowing only the passage of microwave energy from the lower waveguide to the upper waveguide, dividing the latter into sections, in that the guide the lower wave is connected to a microwave power supply unit carrying information and / or instructions for all the moving elements, and in that the upper waveguide is connected to a wave power supply unit Microwaves carrying information and / or instructions to e t / or coming from the only mobile elements moving along the sections delimited by two successive electric short-circuits and the associated absorbent materials. 7/ Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la face du tube percée d'un réseau d'ouvertures est en une matière plastique recouverte sur une faible épaisseur d'une métallisation dans laquelle est gravé le réseau d'ouvertures.7 / Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the face of the tube pierced with a network of openings is made of a plastic material covered over a small thickness of a metallization in which is engraved the network d 'openings. 8/ Dispositif selon l'un des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins sur certains tronçons du tube creux les ouvertures permettant la localisation de l'élément mobile et la mesure de sa vitesse sont séparées par des intervalles tels qu'une consigne de passage de l'antenne correspondante de l'élément mobile à des intervalles de temps égaux en face de ces ouvertures assure le contrôle de la vitesse de l'élément mobile.8 / Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least on certain sections of the hollow tube the openings allowing the location of the mobile element and the measurement of its speed are separated by intervals such as a setpoint for the passage of the corresponding antenna of the mobile element at equal time intervals opposite these openings provides control of the speed of the movable member. 9/ Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, pour pistes d'essais de véhicules automobiles, caractérisé en ce que le tube creux formant guide d'ondes (24, 27, fig.4) est disposé tout le long de la piste d'essais, en ce qu'il est relié à une extrémité à un premier poste de contrôle (30) muni d'un organe d'alimentation en ondes hyperfréquences (31) sur un premier canal et à un émetteur (32) de transmission de données et d'interrogations sur ce canal, et en ce qu'il est relié à une autre extrémité à un autre poste de contrôle muni d'un organe d'élimination des signaux transmis sur le premier canal et à des organes de de réception et de traitement des signaux en hyperfréquences émis à partir d'un véhicule automobile sur un second canal.9 / Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, for test tracks of motor vehicles, characterized in that the hollow tube forming waveguide (24, 27, fig.4) is disposed along the test track, in that it is connected at one end to a first control station (30) provided with a microwave power supply member (31) on a first channel and to a transmitter (32) of transmission of data and interrogations on this channel, and in that it is connected at another end to another control station provided with a device for eliminating the signals transmitted on the first channel and with devices for reception and processing of microwave signals transmitted from a motor vehicle on a second channel. 10/ Dispositif selon la revendication 1, pour transmission d'informa­tions et/ou d'instructions entre au moins un ascenseur et un poste de contrôle (86, fig.8), caractérisé en ce qu'un tube creux formant guide d'ondes (83, 84, 85) associé à l'ascenseur est disposé vertica­lement dans la cage d'ascenseur, ce dernier étant muni d'au moins une antenne d'émission et/ou de réception d'ondes hyperfréquences disposé en regard de la face du tube percé d'un réseau d'ouvertures, et le tube creux étant relié à au moins un organe d'alimentation en ondes hyperfréquences (87) et à un organe de réception d'ondes hyperfréquences provenant de lui (88), disposés tous deux dans le poste de contrôle.10 / Apparatus according to claim 1, for transmission of information and / or instructions between at least one elevator and a control station (86, fig.8), characterized in that a hollow tube forming waveguide (83, 84, 85) associated with the elevator is arranged vertically in the elevator shaft, the latter being provided with at least one antenna for transmitting and / or receiving microwave waves arranged opposite the face of the tube pierced with a network of openings, and the hollow tube being connected to at least one organ for supplying microwave waves (87) and to a member for receiving microwave waves coming from it (88), all arranged two in the checkpoint. 11/ Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'ascenseur est muni d'une caméra de surveillance (91, 92, 93) et d'un micro (90) reliés à un tiroir électronique générateur d'hyper­fréquences (89).11 / Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the elevator is provided with a surveillance camera (91, 92, 93) and a microphone (90) connected to an electronic microwave generator drawer (89) . 12/ Dispositif de surveillance d'enceinte selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un chariot (102, fig.9) circulant sur des rails disposés à proximité du pourtour de l'enceinte (100), et portant une caméra de surveillance (104), reliée à une armoire (105A) à antenne électronique d'émission et de réception d'hyperfréquences, et un tube creux formant guide d'ondes (105) disposé parallèlement aux rails, en regard de l'antenne électronique du chariot, relié à un poste de contrôle (106) comportant un organe d'alimentation du tube creux en ondes hyperfréquences (107), et à un organe (108) de réception et de traitement des signaux en hyperfréquences émis par l'armoire électronique du chariot.12 / enclosure monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a carriage (102, fig.9) circulating on rails arranged near the periphery of the enclosure (100), and carrying a surveillance camera (104), connected to a cabinet (105A) with electronic antenna for transmitting and receiving microwave frequencies, and a hollow tube forming waveguide (105) arranged parallel to the rails, facing the electronic antenna of the carriage, connected to a control station (106) comprising a member for supplying the hollow tube with microwave waves (107), and to a member (108) for receiving and processing microwave signals emitted by the electronic cabinet of the trolley. 13/ Dispositif de transmission d'informations et/ou d'instruction à large bande passante entre un véhicule routier et un poste de péage ou de contrôle (2, fig.6) à l'entrée de voies de circulation payante ou à accès contrôlé sans arrêt du véhicule, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en amont d'une barrière d'accès (42) au moins un tronçon de voie (A) muni d'un tube creux (44, 47) formant guide d'ondes, en ce que ce tube est relié à un poste de contrôle (50) muni d'une part d'une liaison avec un centre de fourniture et d'enregis­trement de données bancaires ou d'habilitation (51), et d'autre part à un organe de commande de l'ouverture de la barrière d'accès (57).13 / Device for transmitting information and / or instruction with high bandwidth between a road vehicle and a toll or control post (2, fig. 6) at the entrance to paid or controlled access lanes without stopping the vehicle, characterized in that it includes upstream of an access barrier (42) at least one track section (A) provided with a hollow tube (44, 47) forming a waveguide, in that this tube is connected to a control station (50) provided on the one hand with a link with a center for supplying and recording banking or authorization data (51), and on the other hand a member for controlling the opening of the access barrier (57). 14/ Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le tube creux parallèle au tronçon de voie permet l'interrogation du véhicule, la réception des données d'identification, le traitement de ces données par le poste de contrôle (50), puis la validation des données d'identification et l'ouverture de la barrière d'accès (57).14 / Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the hollow tube parallel to the track section allows the interrogation of the vehicle, the reception of identification data, the processing of this data by the control station (50), then validation of identification data and opening of the access barrier (57). 15/ Dispositif de transmission d'informations entre une caméra de télévision disposée dans une enceinte non accessible à du personnel sans danger et un poste de contrôle (130, fig.10), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un coffre électronique (123) à antenne d'émission et de réception d'hyperfréquences (125), relié à la caméra, un tube creux formant guide d'ondes (126) disposé en regard de l'antenne d'émission, lui-même relié au poste de contrôle, comportant un organe (132) de réception et de traitement des signaux hyperfréquences émis par le coffre électronique et de transmission des signaux traités à un écran de télévision (133).15 / Device for transmitting information between a television camera arranged in an enclosure not accessible to personnel without danger and a control station (130, fig. 10), characterized in that it comprises an electronic safe (123) with microwave transmission and reception antenna (125), connected to the camera, a hollow tube forming a waveguide (126) disposed opposite the transmission antenna, itself connected to the control station , comprising a member (132) for receiving and processing microwave signals emitted by the electronic safe and for transmitting the processed signals to a television screen (133).
EP87117673A 1986-12-12 1987-11-30 Large passband information and/or instruction transmission device between a mobile unit and a supervision station Expired - Lifetime EP0274055B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87117673T ATE86567T1 (en) 1986-12-12 1987-11-30 COMMUNICATION AND/OR COMMAND TRANSMISSION DEVICE WITH BROADBAND PASSBAND BETWEEN A MOBILE ELEMENT AND A MONITORING CENTER.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8617425 1986-12-12
FR8617425A FR2608119B1 (en) 1986-12-12 1986-12-12 DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING BROADBAND BROADBAND INFORMATION AND / OR INSTRUCTIONS BETWEEN A RAIL VEHICLE AND A TRAFFIC CONTROL STATION
FR8703734 1987-03-18
FR8703734A FR2612715B1 (en) 1987-03-18 1987-03-18 DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING INFORMATION AND / OR INSTRUCTIONS BETWEEN ROAD VEHICLES AND A CONTROL STATION

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0274055A2 true EP0274055A2 (en) 1988-07-13
EP0274055A3 EP0274055A3 (en) 1988-07-27
EP0274055B1 EP0274055B1 (en) 1993-03-10

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EP87117673A Expired - Lifetime EP0274055B1 (en) 1986-12-12 1987-11-30 Large passband information and/or instruction transmission device between a mobile unit and a supervision station

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US (1) US4932617A (en)
EP (1) EP0274055B1 (en)
CA (1) CA1288135C (en)
DE (1) DE3784678T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2039412T3 (en)

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FR2634307A1 (en) * 1988-07-12 1990-01-19 Alsthom BROADBAND INFORMATION AND / OR INSTRUCTION TRANSMISSION DEVICE BETWEEN A MOBILE ELEMENT IN A PLANE AND A CONTROL STATION
FR2645980A1 (en) * 1989-04-14 1990-10-19 Alsthom Gec DEVICE FOR GUIDING VEHICLES ON A NON-MATERIALIZED ROAD
US5136225A (en) * 1989-04-14 1992-08-04 Gec Alsthom Sa Device for guiding vehicles on a virtual track
EP0525713A1 (en) * 1991-08-01 1993-02-03 Gec Alsthom Systemes Et Services Sa Method for remote intervention on a site, such as a damaged nuclear power plant
FR2679891A1 (en) * 1991-08-01 1993-02-05 Acb METHOD FOR REMOTE INTERVENTION IN A WELL PARTICULARLY IN A DEEP STORAGE SITE OF NUCLEAR WASTE.
FR2921505A1 (en) * 2007-09-25 2009-03-27 Alstom Transport Sa RADIO COMMUNICATION DEVICE
WO2011157325A3 (en) * 2010-06-19 2013-01-24 Audi Ag Conveyor system for an assembly line

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JP3370678B2 (en) * 1995-04-03 2003-01-27 ダイムラークライスラー アクチエンゲゼルシャフト Truck-guided conveyor with energy and information transfer
JP3171119B2 (en) * 1995-12-04 2001-05-28 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Automatic driving control device for vehicles
FR2744865B1 (en) * 1996-02-09 1998-03-20 Gec Alsthom Transport Sa INFORMATION TRANSMISSION DEVICE AND METHOD FOR RADIANT WAVEGUIDE SYSTEM
JPH1074297A (en) * 1996-08-30 1998-03-17 Toyota Motor Corp Vehicle position detecting device
FR2755338B1 (en) * 1996-10-24 1999-01-08 Matra Transport International CELLULAR SYSTEM FOR RADIO TRANSMISSION OF INFORMATION BETWEEN AN INFRASTRUCTURE AND MOBILES
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FI118490B (en) * 2004-06-29 2007-11-30 Valtion Teknillinen Micromechanical sensor for measuring microwave power
US7606592B2 (en) * 2005-09-19 2009-10-20 Becker Charles D Waveguide-based wireless distribution system and method of operation
FR2916907B1 (en) * 2007-05-31 2010-09-10 Alstom Transport Sa COMMUNICATION DEVICE FOR RAILWAY VEHICLE
SK50212008A3 (en) * 2008-02-26 2010-03-08 Branislav Sit�R Method of automated motor vehicle driving on roads and system conveyance
FR2967304B1 (en) * 2010-11-08 2012-12-28 Alstom Transport Sa RADIO COMMUNICATION DEVICE HAVING A GUIDE
CN102104410A (en) * 2011-01-18 2011-06-22 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 High-speed railway microwave communication network
US9530031B2 (en) 2011-12-09 2016-12-27 Hitachi, Ltd. Position detection system
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FR3037728A1 (en) * 2015-06-19 2016-12-23 Commissariat Energie Atomique SYSTEM FOR TRANSMITTING DATA BETWEEN A FIXED DEVICE AND A MOBILE DEVICE COMPRISING A WAVEGUIDE
CN106652063A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-05-10 北京速通科技有限公司 Free-flow electronic charging method and system for bidirectional lane
RU2766016C1 (en) * 2021-09-03 2022-02-07 Акционерное общество «Научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт информатизации, автоматизации и связи на железнодорожном транспорте» Train control system

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2634307A1 (en) * 1988-07-12 1990-01-19 Alsthom BROADBAND INFORMATION AND / OR INSTRUCTION TRANSMISSION DEVICE BETWEEN A MOBILE ELEMENT IN A PLANE AND A CONTROL STATION
EP0355338A1 (en) * 1988-07-12 1990-02-28 Gec Alsthom Sa Wide-band information and/or instruction transmitting device between a moving element in a plane and a control station
FR2645980A1 (en) * 1989-04-14 1990-10-19 Alsthom Gec DEVICE FOR GUIDING VEHICLES ON A NON-MATERIALIZED ROAD
EP0396918A1 (en) * 1989-04-14 1990-11-14 Gec Alsthom Sa Device for guiding vehicles without ground rail
US5136225A (en) * 1989-04-14 1992-08-04 Gec Alsthom Sa Device for guiding vehicles on a virtual track
EP0525713A1 (en) * 1991-08-01 1993-02-03 Gec Alsthom Systemes Et Services Sa Method for remote intervention on a site, such as a damaged nuclear power plant
FR2680023A1 (en) * 1991-08-01 1993-02-05 Acb METHOD FOR REMOTELY OPERATING A SITE, SUCH AS A DAMAGED NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
FR2679891A1 (en) * 1991-08-01 1993-02-05 Acb METHOD FOR REMOTE INTERVENTION IN A WELL PARTICULARLY IN A DEEP STORAGE SITE OF NUCLEAR WASTE.
EP0526822A1 (en) * 1991-08-01 1993-02-10 Gec Alsthom Systemes Et Services Sa Remote intervention method in a shaft of a deep disposal side of nuclear waste
US5271047A (en) * 1991-08-01 1993-12-14 Acb Method of acting remotely on a nuclear power station site
US5297917A (en) * 1991-08-01 1994-03-29 Acb Method of acting remotely in a mine shaft, in particular in a site for deep storage of nuclear wastes
FR2921505A1 (en) * 2007-09-25 2009-03-27 Alstom Transport Sa RADIO COMMUNICATION DEVICE
EP2042402A1 (en) * 2007-09-25 2009-04-01 Alstom Transport S.A. Radio communication device in a guided transport means
WO2011157325A3 (en) * 2010-06-19 2013-01-24 Audi Ag Conveyor system for an assembly line

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0274055A3 (en) 1988-07-27
US4932617A (en) 1990-06-12
CA1288135C (en) 1991-08-27
ES2039412T3 (en) 1993-10-01
DE3784678T2 (en) 1993-06-17
DE3784678D1 (en) 1993-04-15
EP0274055B1 (en) 1993-03-10

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