EP0269957B1 - Einseitig gequetschte Hochdruckentladungslampe - Google Patents

Einseitig gequetschte Hochdruckentladungslampe Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0269957B1
EP0269957B1 EP87117106A EP87117106A EP0269957B1 EP 0269957 B1 EP0269957 B1 EP 0269957B1 EP 87117106 A EP87117106 A EP 87117106A EP 87117106 A EP87117106 A EP 87117106A EP 0269957 B1 EP0269957 B1 EP 0269957B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core pin
discharge lamp
pressure discharge
lamp according
helical part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87117106A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0269957A2 (de
EP0269957A3 (en
Inventor
Achim Gosslar
Jürgen Dr. Heider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH filed Critical Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Publication of EP0269957A2 publication Critical patent/EP0269957A2/de
Publication of EP0269957A3 publication Critical patent/EP0269957A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0269957B1 publication Critical patent/EP0269957B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0732—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the construction of the electrode

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a high-pressure discharge lamp squeezed on one side according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such high-pressure discharge lamps are known from DE-A 32 32 207 and 32 42 840. They are characterized by relatively low powers (35 W-150 W), so that they can also be used for interior lighting.
  • EP-A 156 383 and US-A 4 415 829 describe high-pressure discharge lamps which are pinched on one side and in which a separate filament part is pushed onto a slightly angled electrode, the tip and shaft of which consist of a single part. This is used, for example, to improve the arc approach by changing the electric field.
  • US-A 3 851 207 discusses a double-ended sodium vapor lamp, the filling of which contains no halides.
  • One of the axially arranged electrodes has a spiral part with a core pin. This arrangement is related to the heating of the sodium amalgam reservoir.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the life behavior of these lamps and to reduce the disturbing power fluctuations.
  • a major advantage of the invention is that the corrosion of the electrodes is greatly restricted by the installation of a core pin.
  • the mechanism responsible for this has not yet been elucidated.
  • the change in the temperature profile along the electrodes caused by the core pin presumably causes a positive change around the halogen cycle, as a result of which the tungsten mining no longer takes place predominantly at the relatively cold places on the electrode shaft in the vicinity of the pinch.
  • the installation of the core pin also advantageously leads to an increased heat capacity of the electrodes, in particular in the area of the helical part.
  • the heat dissipation along the electrode shaft is low because the diameter of the electrode wire can be kept small. Overall, this results in a more uniform temperature distribution in the discharge volume, which reduces the dependence of the color temperature on the burning position.
  • the time from electrical breakdown to arc acceptance is shortened, so that the ignitability of the lamp is improved.
  • the increased heat capacity also reduces the amplitude of the periodic temperature fluctuations at the electrodes linked to the frequency of the alternating voltage and thus lowers the re-ignition peak.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that the core pin mechanically stabilizes the helical part and prevents it from bending. The fluctuations in performance that have previously occurred are therefore largely eliminated.
  • the invention enables a targeted influencing and optimization of important parameters in the case of metal halide discharge lamps which are pinched on one side.
  • a particularly advantageous ratio between the high heat capacity at the electrode tip (i.e. in the area of the coil part) and low heat dissipation along the electrode shaft can be achieved if the core factor of the electrode is ⁇ 100%.
  • the core factor is given by the ratio between the diameter of the core pin and the diameter of the electrode wire (see e.g. U.S. Patent No. 4,208,609).
  • the tip and shaft of the electrode are made from a single piece of wire.
  • This wire is doped with a substance with a low electron work function (ThO2).
  • ThO2 low electron work function
  • the lowest possible thorium content is desirable in order not to falsify the color spectrum of the lamp.
  • the use of a separate core pin allows only the area of the electrode tip to be detached. This prevents maloperation, in which the arc is formed between the two electrode shafts in the vicinity of the pinch seal. With conventional lamps, the inevitable co-doping of the shaft made this malfunction easier. Doping the core pin without doping the electrode shaft increases the reliability of lamp operation.
  • a further advantage results if the core pin protrudes on the end of the helical part facing the discharge. Since the core pin has a relatively small diameter in the case of small-watt lamp versions (for example 35 W), the arc attachment becomes relieved and stabilized. The same goal has hitherto been achieved in the case of lamps pinched on both sides in that a filament is pushed onto a straight electrode shaft. The insertion of a core pin is, however, much cheaper in terms of manufacturing technology, since it can be attached by simply clamping.
  • the core pin ends on the discharge side with the tip of the filament part.
  • the attachment can either be done by simply clamping or by fusing the core pin and the spiral part at the discharge end. This forms a dome, which in turn enables a stable arch approach.
  • the core pin advantageously also protrudes from the end of the coil part facing away from the discharge.
  • the temperature in this region of the vessel volume close to the wall can be regulated in a simple manner - by the length of the protruding part of the core pin. In particular, unwanted cooling points can be avoided.
  • the corrosion-inhibiting effect of the core pin has proven to be particularly advantageous in the case of lamps with fillings, the additives of which have a very high chemical aggressiveness towards built-in parts; this applies in particular to tin halides, which are required to achieve warm light colors.
  • FIG. 1 shows the construction of a high-pressure discharge lamp 1 with a power consumption of 150 W.
  • the lamp 1 consists of a discharge vessel 2 made of quartz glass, which is squeezed on one side and is enclosed by an outer bulb 3, also made of quartz glass, which is also squeezed on one side.
  • the electrodes 4, 5 (in a schematic representation) are gas-tight into the discharge vessel 2 by means of foils 6, 7 melted down and connected to the electrical connections of a ceramic base (not shown) via the current leads 8, 9, the sealing foils 10, 11 of the outer bulb 3 and via further short current leads 12, 13.
  • a getter material 14 which has been broken open on a metal plate is additionally melted potential-free - via a piece of wire.
  • the discharge vessel 2 In addition to mercury (15 mg) and an inert gas, the discharge vessel 2 also contains metal iodides and bromides of sodium, tin, thallium, indium and lithium (a total of 2.3 mg of metal halides and an additional 0.2 mg of tin).
  • the operating pressure is approx. 35 bar.
  • the lamp 1 has a luminous efficacy of 83 lm / W at a nominal current of 1.8 A.
  • FIG. 2 shows an electrode 4, 5 according to the invention for the high-pressure discharge lamp of FIG. 1. It has a straight shaft 15 of 8.7 mm in length and an integrally formed spiral part 16 with 2 1/4 turns with an outer diameter of 1.50 mm, wherein the shaft 15 and the helical part 16 consist of a single piece of wire with a wire diameter of 0.5 mm.
  • the helical part 16 is angled by approximately 90 ° with respect to the shaft 15, as a result of which the discharge runs transversely to the two shafts 15.
  • the clear width between the turns of the spiral part 16 - with an inner diameter of 0.45 mm - is 0 , 05 mm.
  • the electrodes 4, 5 consist of undoped tungsten and contain no emitter.
  • the core pin 17 is thus also arranged almost at a 90 ° angle to the shaft 15.
  • the core pin 17 has a length of 1.9 mm and a diameter of 0.50 mm, so that the core factor is 100%.
  • the end of the core pin 17 facing the discharge ends with the tip of the helical part 16, the electrode spacing being 6.5 mm. At the end of the coil part facing away from the discharge, the core pin 17 projects 0.2 mm.
  • the core pin 17 is fastened in the helical part 16 in a very simple manner by pure clamping.
  • FIG. 3 shows a side view of this electrode 4, 5 rotated by 90 °.
  • the central axis of the spiral part 16, including the core pin 17, is laterally offset against the shaft 15. This is due to the fact that the spiral part 16 and shaft 15 are made in one piece, the shaft 15 being guided tangentially away from the spiral part 16 during the spiraling process.
  • the two electrodes 4, 5 are arranged in the lamp so that the central axes of the two filament parts are aligned with one another.
  • FIG. 4 Another possibility of attachment is shown in Figure 4.
  • the core pin 17 (diameter 0.5 mm) is fused on the discharge side to the spiral part 16 (inner diameter 0.55 mm).
  • This type of fastening has the advantage that the tolerances in the dimensions of the core pin 17 and the helical part 16 are significantly less critical.
  • the melting process at the tip of the electrode results in a crest 18, which ensures a stable arc set.
  • the electrode shape previously used corresponds to the embodiment described in FIG. 2, but without a core pin.
  • a comparison of the operating behavior of lamps with and without a core pin provides the following results:
  • the electrode corrosion in the lamp is significantly reduced.
  • the average lifespan could be increased by about 20% compared to lamps without a core pin.
  • the temperature curve along the electrodes is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the corresponding measuring points are marked in FIG. 2.
  • the temperature drop from the arc (at the tip of the core pin, measuring point a) to the end of the coil (measuring point b, c) is significantly lower than in the case of the electrode without a core pin, in accordance with the greater heat capacity in the area of the coil part 16 (Curve II).
  • the temperature drop in the area of the shaft (measuring points d, e; measuring point e is near the inner wall of the pinch) is much more pronounced for the electrode with a core pin (curve I), which results in reduced heat dissipation along the shaft 15 to the pinch corresponds.
  • the protruding part of the core pin (measuring point c ⁇ ) facing away from the discharge shows an abnormal temperature behavior, since here the temperature rises again somewhat compared to measuring point c. The observed reduced electrode corrosion is probably related to this significantly changed temperature profile.
  • Figure 6 shows a comparison of the power fluctuations of the two lamp types as a measure of the power fluctuations serves the variation ⁇ U B of the operating voltage U B (in percent); the absolute value of the internal voltage is approximately 100 V.
  • Typical for electrodes without a core pin (curve II) is the sharp drop in internal voltage (max. 12%) during the first thousand hours of operation. This behavior is caused by a reduction in the electrode spacing due to the bending of the helix wire.
  • the improved stabilization for electrodes with a core pin (curve I) is evident in the significantly lower drop in the operating voltage (max. 2.5%).
  • the electrodes 4, 5 are made from an undoped tungsten wire with a wire diameter of 0.25 mm.
  • the straight shaft 15 has a length of 5.7 mm and the molded spiral part 16 with 1 1/4 turns has a height of 0.80 mm.
  • the core pin 17 (made of 0.7% ThO2-enriched tungsten) has a length of 1.2 mm and a diameter of 0.3 mm, so that the core factor is 120%; it protrudes 0.3 mm beyond the helical part 16 with its end facing the discharge, the electrode spacing is 4 mm.
  • the core pin 17 protrudes by 0.2 mm.
  • the filling of the discharge vessel is similar to the first exemplary embodiment, but the bromine has been replaced by iodine and an additional excess of tin has been introduced.
  • This lamp also shows similarly improved operating properties as the lamp shown in the first exemplary embodiment.
  • Fillings with other metals and halides can also be used to achieve different color temperatures and light colors.
  • a filling with iodides of sodium and thallium as well as several rare earths (Dy, Ho, Tm) achieves a higher color temperature.
  • the exact dimensions of the electrodes depend on the geometry of the discharge vessel and the power consumption of the lamp. A compromise must be found between the containment of electrode corrosion and good ignitability.
  • the composition of the lamp fill also influences the electrode dimensions.

Landscapes

  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
EP87117106A 1986-12-01 1987-11-19 Einseitig gequetschte Hochdruckentladungslampe Expired - Lifetime EP0269957B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863641045 DE3641045A1 (de) 1986-12-01 1986-12-01 Einseitig gequetschte hochdruckentladungslampe
DE3641045 1986-12-01

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0269957A2 EP0269957A2 (de) 1988-06-08
EP0269957A3 EP0269957A3 (en) 1989-10-18
EP0269957B1 true EP0269957B1 (de) 1993-03-03

Family

ID=6315223

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87117106A Expired - Lifetime EP0269957B1 (de) 1986-12-01 1987-11-19 Einseitig gequetschte Hochdruckentladungslampe

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4851735A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0269957B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS63148529A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3641045A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5037342A (en) * 1988-11-15 1991-08-06 Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen M.B.H. Method of making an electric lamp, and more particularly a lamp vessel in which electrodes are retained in the lamp by a pinch or press seal
DE69011145T2 (de) * 1989-01-31 1995-01-19 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Einseitig gequetschte Metalldampfentladungslampe.
DE4008375A1 (de) * 1990-03-15 1991-09-19 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Hochdruckentladungslampe
JP2654842B2 (ja) * 1990-04-16 1997-09-17 株式会社三洋物産 遊技場における空気清浄装置
DE4203977A1 (de) * 1992-02-11 1993-08-12 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Hochdruckentladungslampe
DE4203976A1 (de) * 1992-02-11 1993-08-12 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Hochdruckentladungslampe
JPH10154485A (ja) * 1996-11-22 1998-06-09 Stanley Electric Co Ltd メタルハライドランプ
US6169365B1 (en) * 1997-02-24 2001-01-02 U.S. Philips Corporation High-pressure metal halide lamp having three part electrode rods
US7250723B1 (en) 2004-12-21 2007-07-31 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of Nasa Cathode luminescence light source for broadband applications in the visible spectrum
CN101752184B (zh) * 2008-12-13 2011-09-14 福建新大陆环保科技有限公司 一种气体放电灯管

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2116720A (en) * 1935-05-14 1938-05-10 Gen Electric Electric discharge device
GB524574A (en) * 1939-02-01 1940-08-09 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in high-pressure metal-vapour electric discharge devices
US2363531A (en) * 1941-11-27 1944-11-28 Gen Electric Electric discharge device and electrode therefor
US2682007A (en) * 1951-01-11 1954-06-22 Hanovia Chemical & Mfg Co Compact type electrical discharge device
US2687489A (en) * 1952-06-26 1954-08-24 Hanovia Chemical & Mfg Co Electrode
NL269416A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1960-09-21
NL6411355A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1964-09-30 1966-03-31
US3882345A (en) * 1971-11-22 1975-05-06 Gen Electric Metal halide discharge lamp containing tin and sodium halides
US3851207A (en) * 1972-08-01 1974-11-26 Gen Electric Stabilized high intensity sodium vapor lamp
US4340836A (en) * 1978-09-11 1982-07-20 General Electric Company Electrode for miniature high pressure metal halide lamp
US4208609A (en) * 1978-09-25 1980-06-17 General Electric Company Squirm resistant filament
US4275329A (en) * 1978-12-29 1981-06-23 General Electric Company Electrode with overwind for miniature metal vapor lamp
US4415829A (en) * 1981-08-13 1983-11-15 Gte Products Corporation Direct current operable arc lamp
JPS5830058A (ja) * 1981-08-18 1983-02-22 Toshiba Corp 小形メタルハライドランプ用電極
US4633136A (en) * 1982-04-20 1986-12-30 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh High-pressure discharge lamp with low power input
DE3232207A1 (de) * 1982-08-30 1984-03-08 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München Hochdruckentladungslampe kleiner leistung
US4636687A (en) * 1984-03-27 1987-01-13 Gte Products Corporation Electrode alignment and capsule design for single-ended low wattage metal halide lamps
JPS60220544A (ja) * 1984-04-18 1985-11-05 Matsushita Electronics Corp 直流点灯用メタルハライドランプ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3641045A1 (de) 1988-06-09
JPS63148529A (ja) 1988-06-21
EP0269957A2 (de) 1988-06-08
EP0269957A3 (en) 1989-10-18
US4851735A (en) 1989-07-25
JPH0587936B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1993-12-20
DE3784454D1 (de) 1993-04-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0834905B1 (de) Natriumhochdrucklampe kleiner Leistung
DE69718460T2 (de) Metallhalogenidlampe
DE3716485C1 (de) Xenon-Kurzbogen-Entladungslampe
DE69812069T2 (de) Metallhalogenidlampe
DE69804192T2 (de) Hochdruckentladungslampe mit uv-verstärker
DE69825700T2 (de) Metallhalogenidlampe
DE3038993C2 (de) Metalldampfentladungslampe
EP0269957B1 (de) Einseitig gequetschte Hochdruckentladungslampe
DE68916199T2 (de) Quecksilberdampf-Niederdruckentladungslampe.
EP0802561A1 (de) Halogenlampe
EP0092221B1 (de) Hochdruckentladungslampe mit kleiner Leistung
DE60130204T2 (de) Hochdruckentladungslampe
EP0451647A2 (de) Hochdruckentladungslampe und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
DE102006024238A1 (de) Hochdruckentladungslampe
EP0269958B1 (de) Einseitig gequetschte Hochdruckentladungslampe
EP0456907B1 (de) Hochdruckentladungslampe
DE20106002U1 (de) Metallhalogenidlampe mit keramischem Entladungsgefäß
DE2714539A1 (de) Elektroden einer hochdruck-quecksilberdampf-entladungslampe
DE69911538T2 (de) Niederdruckquecksilberdampfentladungslampe
EP1709668B1 (de) Niederdruckentladungslampe
DE8632180U1 (de) Einseitig gequetschte Hochdruckentladungslampe
EP1255279B1 (de) Halogenglühlampe
DE3242840C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE2535031C3 (de) Zündelektrode für Hochdruck-Entladungslampen
DE8632136U1 (de) Einseitig gequetschte Hochdruckentladungslampe

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT

RAP3 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: PATENT-TREUHAND-GESELLSCHAFT FUER ELEKTRISCHE GLUE

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19891108

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19911016

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3784454

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19930408

ET Fr: translation filed
ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19930517

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19961114

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19961129

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19971130

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19971130

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: PATENT-TREUHAND-G.- FUR ELEKTRISCHE GLUHLAMPEN M.

Effective date: 19971130

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19981026

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19990120

Year of fee payment: 12

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991119

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19991119

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000901

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20051119