EP0269536B1 - Brennkraftmaschine mit sternförmiger Zylinderanordnung ohne Kurbelwelle und Treibstange - Google Patents
Brennkraftmaschine mit sternförmiger Zylinderanordnung ohne Kurbelwelle und Treibstange Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0269536B1 EP0269536B1 EP87420314A EP87420314A EP0269536B1 EP 0269536 B1 EP0269536 B1 EP 0269536B1 EP 87420314 A EP87420314 A EP 87420314A EP 87420314 A EP87420314 A EP 87420314A EP 0269536 B1 EP0269536 B1 EP 0269536B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cams
- engine according
- cylinders
- cam
- radial engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
- F01B1/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
- F01B1/0641—Details, component parts specially adapted for such machines
- F01B1/0648—Cams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00
- F01B9/04—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00 with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft
- F01B9/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00 with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft the piston motion being transmitted by curved surfaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
- F02B75/222—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement with cylinders in star arrangement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/32—Engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding main groups
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00
- F01B9/04—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00 with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft
- F01B9/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00 with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft the piston motion being transmitted by curved surfaces
- F01B2009/061—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00 with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft the piston motion being transmitted by curved surfaces by cams
- F01B2009/063—Mono-lobe cams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00
- F01B9/04—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00 with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft
- F01B9/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00 with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft the piston motion being transmitted by curved surfaces
- F01B2009/061—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00 with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft the piston motion being transmitted by curved surfaces by cams
- F01B2009/065—Bi-lobe cams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00
- F01B9/04—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00 with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft
- F01B9/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00 with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft the piston motion being transmitted by curved surfaces
- F01B2009/061—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts, not specific to groups F01B1/00 - F01B7/00 with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft the piston motion being transmitted by curved surfaces by cams
- F01B2009/066—Tri-lobe cams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
- F02B2075/1816—Number of cylinders four
Definitions
- the motor according to the invention is characterized in that the three cams have an external cam contour which cooperates with said rollers and are mounted side by side on the motor shaft, the central cam rotating in one direction and the two lateral cams rotating at the same speed as the central cam but in the opposite direction to the latter, the three cams being positioned so that the tops of the bosses of the three cams in top dead center are in a plane passing through the axis of the motor shaft and the three peaks of said bosses, the ends of said axis of the rollers being guided in grooves formed in the external extension of the side cams.
- the reversal of the central cam or of the two lateral cams is effected either by means of a Pecking train, or by means of pinions integral with the walls of the engine, or by means of a spherical train.
- connecting pieces or cables connect the pistons of the opposite cylinders when the movement of the two pistons is identical and in the same direction.
- it comprises on each side of a row of cylinders, two concentric drive shafts but rotating in opposite directions.
- one or more cams may include mini-bosses intended to control the opening of the engine valves.
- it comprises on one side of several rows of cylinders, twice the number of drive shafts that there are rows of cylinders plus one.
- each piston will have only one roller.
- the combustion piston is arranged so that it achieves on the one hand the combustion in its upper part and, on the other hand, the compression in its lower part thus making it possible to achieve compression .
- the layout of the cams of the star engine is produced so that the top of the bosses bring the piston to top dead center then lower it slightly and bring it back to top dead center so as to promote combustion.
- combustion takes place at a constant volume for a time substantially equal to other times such as compression, explosion and expansion.
- FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of an engine where a single cylinder has been shown.
- the motor shaft (1) integral with the central cam (2), with the two lateral cams (3) and (4).
- the rollers (5, 6, 7) are supported, integral with the piston (8) which moves in the cylinder (9) terminated by the cylinder head (10).
- the engine block (11) carries the engine shaft (1).
- the two lateral cams (3) and (4) rotate in the opposite direction to the central cam (2) thanks to a train of planetary gears known as the Pecker train, the motor shaft (1) drives the central gears (13) which drive the satellites (15) and (14) integral with the cams (3) and (4).
- this groove (18) can be eliminated to replace it with parts which may be cables uniting the opposite pistons (8).
- Fixed gears or spherical gears can be used instead of planetary gears, in order to obtain an equal and opposite direction of speed.
- the profile of the central cam is by symmetrical construction of the profile of the side cams in order to be able to rotate and hold the rollers of the piston.
- Figure 2 is a front sectional view showing a central cam and a side cam having two bosses (12).
- the mini-bosses (19) allow the engine intake and exhaust valves to be lifted.
- FIG. 3 is a transverse view of an engine with a single row of cylinders and two concentric drive shafts rotating at equal speed but in opposite directions, only the upper part having been shown.
- the motor shaft (1) integral with the central cam (2), the side cams (3) and (4) rotate in opposite directions and at equal speed from the central cam (2) thanks to the pinions (13,14,15, 16) but the arrangement of the cam (4) is a little different, the pinion (13) integral with the motor shaft (1) being placed between the cams (2) and (4), it attacks the pinion (14) integral with the pinion (15) located on the other side of the cam (4), which rests on the fixed pinion (16).
- a second driving shaft (20) is obtained which is counter-rotating of the shaft (1
- Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of an engine having two rows of cylinders with a single engine shaft (1); there are the housing (11) assembled with the housing (21) to form a single block, there are the same cams (2, 3, 4) and the same pinions (13,14,15 and 16).
- it is the side cams (3) and (4) which are integral with the motor shaft (1) and it is the central cam (2) which is driven in reverse and at equal speed by the train. Fisherman (13, 14, 15, 16). So there is only one output shaft.
- the drive shaft (1) always carrying the three cams (2, 3, 4), but in this case, it is the central cam which is integral with the drive shaft.
- the motor shaft integral with either the central cam or the two side cams without departing from the scope of the invention.
- a new Pécqueur train comprising a pinion (25) integral with the motor shaft (1) drives the satellite (26, 27) which rests on the fixed pinion (28).
- the cam (23) goes in reverse and at equal speed if the pinions have the desired number of teeth.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the particular case of an engine where there are three rows of cylinders, each row having only one cam, but the engine shaft of which always carries three cams, one central cam rotating in one direction and two side cams turning in opposite direction and at equal speed.
- the motor shaft (1) carries a central cam (2) integral for example with the motor shaft, the cams (3) and (4) rotating in opposite directions and at equal speed thanks to the pinions of a Pecqueur train (13 , 14, 15, 16).
- the three pistons (8) are integral with the rollers (5, 6, 7) which are mounted on a single axis (17) which comes to rest in the groove (18) via the roller (30), the cylinders (9) carrying the cylinder heads (10).
- the three pistons will therefore work at the same time, so a lighter construction is obtained if one seeks to obtain a greater number of cylinders, moreover the pistons will be able to carry bearing surfaces substantially at the height of the roller, to support the slight deformation of the axis (17), these bearing surfaces being located in the axis of the cam.
- Figure 8 is a front sectional view showing a central cam (2) with its drive shaft (1) and its roller (5) journalled on its axis (17).
- This roller is attached to the piston (8) which consists of two parts, the upper part includes the cylinder (9), the cylinder head (10) and the combustion chamber (31) in the lower part, which can be of a diameter more important.
- the bottom of the piston (8) compressing the space (32) to provide a supply of compressed air to the engine, a very simple compressor is thus produced.
- intake and exhaust ducts and valves will allow the compressed air to reach the cylinder head (10), but this is not part of the invention and has therefore not been shown.
- Figure 9 is a front sectional view showing a cam with a single boss.
- the motor shaft (1) driving the cam (2) we find the motor shaft (1) driving the cam (2), the piston reaches top dead center at point (33) then it descends to point (35) and goes back to top dead center (34).
- the cam (2) receives the thrust resulting from combustion, it is the trigger, at point (36) the piston is in bottom dead center, it stays there until at point (37), which allows the exhaust of the burnt gases and the introduction of fresh gases, at point (37) the piston begins its compression which it completes at point (33). It is a little before point (33) that the injection or ignition of the spark plug begins.
- Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the different times of a cycle comprising an engine time for two round trips and pistons (like four times).
- points (36) and (37) would be confused with point (38), and we obtain three times per lap, which would have given clockwise (33-34) Time dead, (34-38) Intake, (38-33) Compression, (33'-34 ') Constant volume combustion, (34'-38') Relaxation (38'-33 ') Exhaust.
- the relaxation time can be extended for better performance.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Claims (14)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8616862 | 1986-11-28 | ||
| FR868616862A FR2607552B1 (fr) | 1986-05-21 | 1986-11-28 | Moteur a explosion sans embiellage ni vilebrequin de type cylindres en etoile |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0269536A2 EP0269536A2 (de) | 1988-06-01 |
| EP0269536A3 EP0269536A3 (en) | 1989-04-05 |
| EP0269536B1 true EP0269536B1 (de) | 1991-01-23 |
Family
ID=9341490
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87420314A Expired - Lifetime EP0269536B1 (de) | 1986-11-28 | 1987-11-24 | Brennkraftmaschine mit sternförmiger Zylinderanordnung ohne Kurbelwelle und Treibstange |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4848282A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0269536B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPS63239318A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE3767677D1 (de) |
| FR (1) | FR2607552B1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111287848A (zh) * | 2014-01-15 | 2020-06-16 | 纽勒诺有限公司 | 活塞装置 |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2651829A1 (fr) * | 1989-09-08 | 1991-03-15 | Innovations Atel Const | Moteur a explosion sans embiellage ni vilebrequin du type cylindres en etoile. |
| FR2679604B1 (fr) * | 1991-07-25 | 1993-10-22 | Ateliers Const Innovations | Moteur a explosion sans embiellage ni villebrequin du type cylindres en etoile. |
| US5553574A (en) * | 1991-12-05 | 1996-09-10 | Advanced Automotive Technologies, Inc. | Radial cam internal combustion engine |
| US5454352A (en) * | 1993-12-03 | 1995-10-03 | Ward; Michael A. V. | Variable cycle three-stroke engine |
| AU693714B2 (en) * | 1995-07-18 | 1998-07-02 | Revolution Engine Technologies Pty Ltd | Opposed piston combustion engine |
| WO1997004225A1 (en) | 1995-07-18 | 1997-02-06 | Revolution Engine Technologies Pty. Ltd. | Opposed piston combustion engine |
| EP1152138A3 (de) * | 2000-05-02 | 2002-04-17 | Heinzle, Friedrich | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Verbrennungsmotors sowie Verbrennungsmotor |
| EP1195503A3 (de) * | 2000-10-04 | 2003-04-16 | Heinzle, Friedrich | Verbrennungsmotor |
| FR2818314B1 (fr) | 2000-12-19 | 2003-06-06 | Robert Giacomin | Machine alternative a pistons opposes |
| US6691648B2 (en) * | 2001-07-25 | 2004-02-17 | Mark H. Beierle | Radial cam driven internal combustion engine |
| US7316116B2 (en) * | 2003-02-14 | 2008-01-08 | Adle Donald L | Flywheel combustion engine |
| US20060191501A1 (en) * | 2003-12-01 | 2006-08-31 | Adle Donald L | Flywheel vane combustion engine |
| US20050115243A1 (en) * | 2003-12-01 | 2005-06-02 | Adle Donald L. | Flywheel vane combustion engine |
| US7856667B2 (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2010-12-28 | Morning Pride Manufacturing, L.L.C. | Liquid-tight, pull-over, protective garment for upper torso |
| US7121252B2 (en) * | 2004-11-17 | 2006-10-17 | Michael Elman Johnson | Dynamic journal engine |
| GB0508902D0 (en) * | 2005-05-03 | 2005-06-08 | Highview Entpr Ltd | Engines driven by liquefied gas |
| CN101529065B (zh) * | 2006-09-07 | 2013-08-07 | Revetec控股有限公司 | 改进的对置活塞燃烧发动机 |
| GB2462802A (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2010-02-24 | Stephen Richard Terry | Crankless internal combustion engine; desmodromic valve actuation for i.c. engines |
| WO2012155178A1 (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-11-22 | Shutlar Martin Robert | An apparatus, an engine, a pump, an electrical motor and/or an electrical generator |
| AU2011253862B1 (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2013-05-16 | Martin Robert SHUTLAR | An engine |
| US9194287B1 (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-11-24 | Bernard Bon | Double cam axial engine with over-expansion, variable compression, constant volume combustion, rotary valves and water injection for regenerative cooling |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR446378A (fr) * | 1912-07-20 | 1912-12-03 | Maurice Picaud | Dispositif permettant de supprimer le vilebrequin dans tous moteurs possédant cylindres et pistons |
| US1830046A (en) * | 1928-09-28 | 1931-11-03 | White Frank | Internal combustion engine |
| US1904680A (en) * | 1930-04-18 | 1933-04-18 | Ferry S Inc | Radial cam type internal combustion engine |
| FR775736A (fr) * | 1934-07-11 | 1935-01-08 | Constructeurs Fecampois | Moteur à combustion interne |
| FR1375892A (fr) * | 1963-09-09 | 1964-10-23 | Moteur à combustion interne | |
| DE2042632A1 (de) * | 1970-08-27 | 1972-03-02 | Motorenfabnk Hatz GmbH, 8399 Ruhs torf | Kolbenmaschine |
| US4465042A (en) * | 1980-06-09 | 1984-08-14 | Bristol Robert D | Crankless internal combustion engine |
| DE3334463A1 (de) * | 1983-09-23 | 1985-04-11 | Joachim Ing.(grad.) 7306 Denkendorf Mozdzanowski | Excenterkolben-motor oder -kompressor mit im kolben sitzendem einlassventil |
| US4545336A (en) * | 1984-10-01 | 1985-10-08 | Bcds Corporation | Engine with roller and cam drive from piston to output shaft |
| DK156308C (da) * | 1985-08-23 | 1989-12-11 | N Proizv Lab Dvigateli Vat Gor | Modulforbraendingsmotor |
-
1986
- 1986-11-28 FR FR868616862A patent/FR2607552B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1987
- 1987-11-24 DE DE8787420314T patent/DE3767677D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-11-24 EP EP87420314A patent/EP0269536B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-11-27 JP JP62299638A patent/JPS63239318A/ja active Pending
- 1987-11-30 US US07/126,268 patent/US4848282A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111287848A (zh) * | 2014-01-15 | 2020-06-16 | 纽勒诺有限公司 | 活塞装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2607552B1 (fr) | 1991-07-19 |
| DE3767677D1 (de) | 1991-02-28 |
| FR2607552A1 (fr) | 1988-06-03 |
| EP0269536A2 (de) | 1988-06-01 |
| JPS63239318A (ja) | 1988-10-05 |
| EP0269536A3 (en) | 1989-04-05 |
| US4848282A (en) | 1989-07-18 |
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