EP0262278B1 - Machine for producing building blocks of stabilized earth - Google Patents

Machine for producing building blocks of stabilized earth Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0262278B1
EP0262278B1 EP86420243A EP86420243A EP0262278B1 EP 0262278 B1 EP0262278 B1 EP 0262278B1 EP 86420243 A EP86420243 A EP 86420243A EP 86420243 A EP86420243 A EP 86420243A EP 0262278 B1 EP0262278 B1 EP 0262278B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mold
hopper
rammer
machine
frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86420243A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0262278A1 (en
Inventor
André Accetta
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority to FR848408892A priority Critical patent/FR2565156B1/en
Priority to FR8504882A priority patent/FR2579511B2/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP86420243A priority patent/EP0262278B1/en
Priority to DE8686420243T priority patent/DE3681035D1/en
Priority to AT86420243T priority patent/ATE66399T1/en
Priority to ES198686420243T priority patent/ES2026462T3/en
Publication of EP0262278A1 publication Critical patent/EP0262278A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0262278B1 publication Critical patent/EP0262278B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/023Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a feed box transferring the moulding material from a hopper to the moulding cavities
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/022Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form combined with vibrating or jolting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/02Moulds with adjustable parts specially for modifying at will the dimensions or form of the moulded article
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/16Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
    • B28B7/18Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article
    • B28B7/183Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article for building blocks or similar block-shaped objects

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Jigging Conveyors (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The ram (6) of the machine has shaped fittings (25) projecting from its edges, which, when the ram is driven home, are able to interact with complementary internal fittings of a mould (19) that are shaped to produce at least one block with one or more cavities on its faces, said mould (19) being so fitted as to be height-adjustable, within the hopper (5) which is fixed to means in order to be moved vertically up or down coaxially with the compacting assembly. The base of the hopper (5) is formed by an independent removable plate (20) resting on a vibrating table (21) whose position is fixed. <IMAGE>

Description

L'objet de l'invention se rattache au secteur technique du bâtiment, notamment des matériaux de construction.The subject of the invention relates to the technical building sector, in particular construction materials.

On connaît des machines conformées pour la réalisation de blocs en terre. On peut citer par exemple la demande de brevet français No 8408892 (= FR-A-2565156). Ces machines comprennent essentiellement un bâti support sur lequel est monté avec capacité de déplacement en translation, un moyen conteneur recevant la terre, ledit moyen étant asservi à au moins un organe de commande pour être déplacé en direction d'une trémie de moulage en vue d'y vider son contenu.Known machines are formed for making earthen blocks. One can quote for example the French patent application No 8408892 (= FR-A-2565156). These machines essentially comprise a support frame on which is mounted with the ability to move in translation, a container means receiving the earth, said means being controlled by at least one control member to be moved in the direction of a molding hopper in order to 'empty its content.

Au-dessus et en regard de ladite trémie est disposé coaxialement un ensemble de compactage de la terre en combinaison avec des moyens coopérant étroitement avec la base ouverte de la trémie en étant conformés pour, d'une part, créer des effets vibratoires et, d'autre part, assurer le démoulage du ou des blocs ainsi formés pour leur évacuation par des agencements que présente notamment une partie du conteneur. Les blocs obtenus sont pleins.Above and facing said hopper is arranged coaxially a compaction assembly of the earth in combination with means cooperating closely with the open base of the hopper, being shaped to, on the one hand, create vibratory effects and, d on the other hand, ensure the demoulding of the block or blocks thus formed for their evacuation by arrangements which in particular have a part of the container. The blocks obtained are full.

Selon l'invention, on a voulu étendre et améliorer les caractéristiques de ce type de machine, afin de pouvoir produire des blocs creux en terre stabilisée avec une ou plusieurs cavités internes débouchantes.According to the invention, we wanted to extend and improve the characteristics of this type of machine, in order to be able to produce hollow blocks made of stabilized earth with one or more internal cavities emerging.

La machine telle que caractérisée dans les revendications, est remarquable en ce que le pilon de l'ensemble de compactage présente, en débordement, des matrices profilées susceptibles de coopérer en position d'enfoncement avec des empreintes internes complémentaires d'un moule conformées pour réaliser au moins un bloc avec une ou plusieurs cavités débouchantes, ledit moule étant solidaire, avec capacité de réglage en hauteur, de la trémie qui est assujettie à des moyens pour être déplacée verticalement en hauteur, d'une manière coaxiale à l'ensemble de compactage, le fond de ladite trémie est constitue par une plaque indépendante amovible disposée en appui sur une table vibrante fixe en position, ladite plaque, qui fait office de fond au moule, est montée avec capacité de déplacement latéral à l'extérieur de l'ensemble pour permettre le démoulage et l'évacuation du bloc, en position haute du pilon et du moule solidaire de la trémie.The machine as characterized in the claims is remarkable in that the pestle of the compacting assembly has, in overflow, profiled dies capable of cooperating in the driving-in position with complementary internal impressions. of a mold shaped to produce at least one block with one or more through cavities, said mold being secured, with capacity for height adjustment, to the hopper which is subject to means for being vertically displaced in a manner coaxial with the compaction assembly, the bottom of said hopper is constituted by an independent removable plate placed in abutment on a vibrating table fixed in position, said plate, which acts as the bottom of the mold, is mounted with lateral displacement capacity at the outside of the assembly to allow demoulding and evacuation of the block, in the high position of the pestle and of the mold secured to the hopper.

L'invention est exposée ci-après plus en détail à l' aide des dessins qui représentent seulement un mode d'exécution.The invention is set out below in more detail with the aid of the drawings which represent only one embodiment.

La figure 1 est une vue en coupe de la machine considérée suivant la ligne 1-1 de la figure 2.FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the machine considered along line 1-1 of FIG. 2.

La figure 2 est une vue en coupe considérée suivant la ligne 2-2 de la figure 1.Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1.

La figure 3 est une vue de dessous considérée suivant la ligne 3-3 de la figure 1 de l'ensemble de compactage notamment du pilon.Figure 3 is a bottom view taken along line 3-3 of Figure 1 of the compacting assembly including the pestle.

La figure 4 est une vue en plan et en coupe considérée suivant la ligne 4-4 de la figure 1 de la trémie de moulage.Figure 4 is a plan view and in section taken along line 4-4 of Figure 1 of the molding hopper.

La figure 5 est à une échelle plus réduite une vue partielle et en coupe d'une forme de réalisation de la trémie de moulage.Figure 5 is a smaller scale a partial view in section of an embodiment of the molding hopper.

Les figures 6, 7, 8, 9 et 10 sont des vues à caractère purement schématique illustrant les principales phases de fonctionnement.Figures 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 are purely schematic views illustrating the main operating phases.

Afin de rendre plus concret l'objet de l'invention, on le décrit maintenant sous la forme non limitative des figures des dessins.In order to make the object of the invention more concrete, it is now described in the nonlimiting form of the figures of the drawings.

D'une manière connue, la machine comprend pour l'essentiel un bâti-support (1) avec à l'une de ses extrémités un conteneur (2) de remplissage recevant la terre à transformer, et déplaçable en direction d'un ensemble (E) conformé pour opérer la formation et le compactage d'un ou plusieurs blocs. L'ensemble (E) est réalisé à partir d'un pilon (6) assujetti à un vérin (9) pour être déplacé verticalement, en hauteur d'une manière coaxiale à une trémie de moulage (5). Le fût du vérin (9) est monté fixement à la partie supérieure d'un portique (11).In a known manner, the machine essentially comprises a support frame (1) with at one of its ends a filling container (2) receiving the earth to be transformed, and movable in the direction of an assembly ( E) shaped to operate the formation and compaction of one or more blocks. The assembly (E) is made from a pestle (6) secured to a jack (9) to be moved vertically, vertically in a coaxial manner with a molding hopper (5). The cylinder barrel (9) is fixedly mounted to the upper part of a gantry (11).

Selon l'invention, la trémie de moulage (5) est constituée par un cadre de base (18) recevant le moule interne proprement dit (19). Le moule (19) est monté d'une manière démontable en combinaison avec les côtés latéraux du cadre de base (18) et présente transversalement et intérieurement plusieurs cloisons verticales de séparation (19a) pour constituer différents compartiments parallélépipédiques (19b) dont le nombre est fonction des blocs à obtenir. Chaque compartiment (19b) est solidaire d'un ou plusieurs noyaux (19c) correspondant aux nombres d'alvéoles désirées pour les blocs. Les parois du moule (19) sont lisses ou peuvent présenter des aspérités en creux et en relief selon le profil extérieur désiré. La base du moule (19) est ouverte et coopère en appui avec une plaque indépendante amovible (20) qui est disposée sur une table vibrante (21) fixe en position.According to the invention, the molding hopper (5) is constituted by a base frame (18) receiving the internal mold proper (19). The mold (19) is mounted in a removable manner in combination with the lateral sides of the base frame (18) and has transversely and internally several vertical partition walls (19a) to constitute different parallelepipedic compartments (19b), the number of which depends on the blocks to be obtained. Each compartment (19b) is integral with one or more cores (19c) corresponding to the numbers of cells desired for the blocks. The walls of the mold (19) are smooth or may have asperities in hollow and in relief according to the desired external profile. The base of the mold (19) is open and cooperates in support with a removable independent plate (20) which is arranged on a vibrating table (21) fixed in position.

D'une manière importante, le moule (19) est monté avec capacité de réglage en hauteur à l'intérieur de la trémie, notamment du cadre de base (18). Par exemple, les parois latérales du moule peuvent présenter un crantage (19d) coopérant avec un crantage complémentaire (18c) formé sur les faces internes des côtés latéraux du cadre. Etant bien évident que d'autres moyens peuvent être prévus.Importantly, the mold (19) is mounted with the ability to adjust the height inside the hopper, in particular the base frame (18). For example, the side walls of the mold may have a notch (19d) cooperating with a complementary notch (18c) formed on the internal faces of the lateral sides of the frame. It is obvious that other means can be provided.

Ces dispositions permettent de régler les profondeurs de remplissage compte tenu du coefficient de foisonnement de la terre susceptible de varier d'une terre à l'autre.These provisions make it possible to adjust the filling depths taking into account the expansion coefficient of the soil which may vary from one soil to another.

La trémie de moulage ainsi exécutée est assujettie à des moyens pour être déplacée verticalement en hauteur d'une manière coaxiale à l'ensemble de compactage. Dans ce but, le cadre de base (18) est monté à libre coulissement le long de quatre colonnes de guidage vertical (22) sur lesquelles est également monté à libre coulissement le pilon (6) de compactage au moyen d'agencements appropriés (6a). Le cadre (18) de la trémie de moulage est asservi, notamment par ses côtés transversaux (18b), à deux vérins verticaux (23) et (24) commandés en synchronisme par tout moyen connu. Ces vérins (23) et (24) peuvent par exemple être montés d'une manière fixe à la partie supérieure du portique (11) recevant le vérin de commande (9) du pilon de compactage, ou bien en partie basse de la machine.The molding hopper thus executed is subject to means for being vertically displaced in height in a coaxial manner with the compaction assembly. For this purpose, the base frame (18) is mounted for free sliding along four vertical guide columns (22) on which is also mounted for free sliding the pestle (6) for compacting by means of suitable arrangements (6a ). The frame (18) of the molding hopper is controlled, in particular by its transverse sides (18b), with two vertical cylinders (23) and (24) controlled in synchronism by any known means. These jacks (23) and (24) can for example be fixedly mounted to the upper part of the gantry (11) receiving the control jack (9) of the compacting pestle, or else in the lower part of the machine.

La partie active du pilon (6) coopérant avec la section interne du moule (19) présente en débordement de sa face de dessous des matrices profilées (25) de formes complémentaires et correspondantes aux empreintes du moule (19).The active part of the pestle (6) cooperating with the internal section of the mold (19) has, overflowing from its underside, profiled dies (25) of complementary shapes corresponding to the imprints of the mold (19).

Il convient maintenant d'analyser le fonctionnement de la machine en se référant plus particulièrement aux figures 6 à 10 des dessins en rappelant que les différents vérins ou autres organes de commande, sont asservis à une centrale pour être commandés en synchronisme.It is now necessary to analyze the operation of the machine with particular reference to Figures 6 to 10 of the drawings, recalling that the various jacks or other control members are controlled by a central unit to be controlled in synchronism.

Le conteneur (2) rempli de terre malaxée, est déplacé en direction de la trémie (5) jusqu'à une position de butée correspondant à un alignement vertical du conteneur et de la trémie pour le déchargement automatique par gravitation de la terre qui remplit de ce fait les différents espaces libres apparaissant autour des noyaux de chacun des compartiments du moule (19). La terre est retenue par la plaque (20) qui peut être constituée par une planche, laquelle est mise simultanément en vibration par la table (21) pour assurer un remplissage régulier du moule (figure 6).The container (2) filled with kneaded earth is moved in the direction of the hopper (5) to a stop position corresponding to a vertical alignment of the container and the hopper for the automatic unloading by gravity of the earth which fills with this makes the different free spaces appearing around the cores of each of the mold compartments (19). The earth is retained by the plate (20) which can be constituted by a board, which is simultaneously vibrated by the table (21) to ensure regular filling of the mold (Figure 6).

Le conteneur (2) est ensuite ramené en position initiale.The container (2) is then returned to the initial position.

Simultanément, le vérin (9) commande l'abaissement du pilon (6) dont les matrices profilées coopèrent avec les parties complémentaires des compartiments du moule pour autoriser le compactage, le tassement de la terre et par conséquent la mise aux dimensions des blocs (B), à la hauteur désirée. A noter que dans cete phase, la table vibrante (21) est toujours actionnée pour assujettir la plaque (20) à des mouvements verticaux de faible amplitude alternative (figure 7).Simultaneously, the jack (9) controls the lowering of the pestle (6) whose profiled dies cooperate with the complementary parts of the mold compartments to allow compaction, compaction of the earth and consequently the dimensioning of the blocks (B ), at the desired height. Note that in this phase, the vibrating table (21) is always actuated to subject the plate (20) to vertical movements of low alternating amplitude (Figure 7).

Le pilon (6) demeure en position de compression tandis que les vérins latéraux (23) et (24), après arrêt de la table vibrante, sont sollicités pour déplacer en hauteur l'ensemble de la trémie de moulage le long des colonnes de guidage en vue de dégager les faces latérales des blocs et les noyaux de réservation internes (figure 8). Les blocs se trouvent ainsi démoulés en demeurant positionnés s ur la plaque (20).The pestle (6) remains in the compression position while the lateral jacks (23) and (24), after stopping the vibrating table, are urged to move the whole of the molding hopper along the guide columns in height in order to clear the side faces of the blocks and the internal reservation cores (Figure 8). The blocks are thus removed from the mold while remaining positioned on the plate (20).

Le pilon (6) remonte en position initiale (figure 9), les blocs peuvent alors être évacués au moyen de la plaque amovible (20), soit manuellement, soit automatiquement. La trémie de moulage est alors rabaissée en position de remplissage pour un cycle suivant (figure 10).The pestle (6) goes back to the initial position (FIG. 9), the blocks can then be evacuated by means of the removable plate (20), either manually or automatically. The hopper molding is then lowered to the filling position for a next cycle (Figure 10).

Claims (5)

  1. Machine for the production of building blocks of stabilized clay comprising a supporting framework (1) with at one of the ends thereof a clay filling container (2) capable of being shifted above a hopper (3) in the direction of an assembly (E) devised to effect the formation and the compacting of one or more blocks, the assembly (E) consisting of a rammer (6) controlled by a pressure cylinder so as to be moved vertically coaxially to the molding hopper (5), characterized in that the rammer (6) is provided with projecting contoured dies (25) capable of co-operating in the driven in position with internal prints supplemented by a mold (19) and formed in order to be at least integral with one or more cavities opening therein, said mold (19) being vertically adjustable and fast with the hopper (5) which is controlled by control means permitting it to be vertically shiftable in a co-axial manner to the compacting assembly (6), the bottom of said hopper (5) consisting of a detachable independent plate (20) disposed in abutment on a vibrating table (21) fixed in position, said plate (20), serving as a bottom for the mold (19), being mounted with a possibility of lateral shifting externally to the unit (E) in order to permit the lifting and the discharge of the block out of the mold in the upper position of the rammer (6) and of the mold (19) fast with the hopper (5).
  2. Machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the molding hopper (5) consists in a base frame (18) accommodating in a detachable manner the intermediate mold (19) the side walls of which are designed or arranged for being vertically adjustable, in combination with the lateral sides of the frame, so that the filling depth may be varied.
  3. Machine according to Claim 2, characterized in that the base frame (18) of the molding hopper is mounted free slidably along four guide posts (22) upon which the rammer (6) is also mounted free slidably, said frame being controlled by two transverse pressure cylinders (23) and (24) driven in step and mounted on a fixed part of the machine.
  4. Machine according to Claim 2, characterized in that the mold (19) is mounted in a detachable manner in comination with the lateral sides of the frame (18), said mold being provided transversely with a plurality of internal vertical separating partitions (19a) for the formation of various parallelipedic compartments, each of one being associated with one or more cores (19c) which delimit the prints, the bottom of the mold being open and co-operating in abutment woth the removable inserted plate (20).
  5. Machine according to Claim 4, characterized in that the active part of the rammer (6) co-operating with the internal section of the mold (19) is provided in projection from the lower face thereof, in a detachable manner, with the contoured dies (25), the forms of which are supplemented by the prints of the mold (19).
EP86420243A 1984-06-01 1986-10-01 Machine for producing building blocks of stabilized earth Expired - Lifetime EP0262278B1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR848408892A FR2565156B1 (en) 1984-06-01 1984-06-01 MACHINE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BUILDING BLOCKS IN STABILIZED EARTH
FR8504882A FR2579511B2 (en) 1984-06-01 1985-03-26 MACHINE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BUILDING BLOCKS IN STABILIZED EARTH
EP86420243A EP0262278B1 (en) 1986-10-01 1986-10-01 Machine for producing building blocks of stabilized earth
DE8686420243T DE3681035D1 (en) 1986-10-01 1986-10-01 MACHINE FOR MAKING STABILIZED EARTH BLOCKS.
AT86420243T ATE66399T1 (en) 1986-10-01 1986-10-01 MACHINE FOR MAKING BUILDING BLOCKS FROM STABILIZED EARTH.
ES198686420243T ES2026462T3 (en) 1986-10-01 1986-10-01 MACHINE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF STABILIZED EARTH BUILDING BLOCKS.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86420243A EP0262278B1 (en) 1986-10-01 1986-10-01 Machine for producing building blocks of stabilized earth

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0262278A1 EP0262278A1 (en) 1988-04-06
EP0262278B1 true EP0262278B1 (en) 1991-08-21

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86420243A Expired - Lifetime EP0262278B1 (en) 1984-06-01 1986-10-01 Machine for producing building blocks of stabilized earth

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EP (1) EP0262278B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE66399T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3681035D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2026462T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2565156B1 (en)

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CN102806593B (en) * 2012-08-15 2015-01-28 毛晓刚 Automatic-feeding plate pressing machine
CN103331808A (en) * 2013-06-14 2013-10-02 王庆起 Automatic feeding device for gantry type double-station hydraulic brick making machine
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DE2710643A1 (en) * 1977-03-11 1978-09-14 Hermann Seiler Noise absorbing fastening system for vibrating concrete mould - has enclosing flexible profile holding mould in machine table frame
US4218206A (en) * 1978-10-02 1980-08-19 Mullins Wayne L Mold box apparatus
FR2479070A3 (en) * 1980-03-25 1981-10-02 Lab Fiz Khim Vibration assisted moulding tool with floating mould collar - to isolate machine frame from vibration
DE140721T1 (en) * 1983-08-05 1985-11-21 Promotec, Paris DEVICE FOR MOLDING CONCRETE PRODUCTS WITH IMMEDIATE REMOVAL.
FR2579511B2 (en) * 1984-06-01 1991-05-31 Accetta Andre MACHINE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BUILDING BLOCKS IN STABILIZED EARTH

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2026462T3 (en) 1992-05-01
FR2565156A1 (en) 1985-12-06
EP0262278A1 (en) 1988-04-06
ATE66399T1 (en) 1991-09-15
FR2565156B1 (en) 1991-02-08
DE3681035D1 (en) 1991-09-26

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