EP0260624B2 - Belüftungssystem für Laderäume auf Schiffen - Google Patents

Belüftungssystem für Laderäume auf Schiffen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0260624B2
EP0260624B2 EP19870113358 EP87113358A EP0260624B2 EP 0260624 B2 EP0260624 B2 EP 0260624B2 EP 19870113358 EP19870113358 EP 19870113358 EP 87113358 A EP87113358 A EP 87113358A EP 0260624 B2 EP0260624 B2 EP 0260624B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fresh air
hold
carbon dioxide
supply system
ship
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19870113358
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0260624B1 (de
EP0260624A1 (de
Inventor
Sören Ohlsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Stal Refrigeration AB
Original Assignee
Stal Refrigeration AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Stal Refrigeration AB filed Critical Stal Refrigeration AB
Publication of EP0260624A1 publication Critical patent/EP0260624A1/de
Publication of EP0260624B1 publication Critical patent/EP0260624B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
    • B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
    • B63J2/02—Ventilation; Air-conditioning
    • B63J2/08—Ventilation; Air-conditioning of holds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fresh air supply system for holds in a ship, particularly for holds accommodating cargo refrigerating plants, according to the precharacterising part of Claim 1.
  • bananas are by far the greatest carbon dioxide producer at the correct transport temperature.
  • a few approximate standard values are given as follows: Fruit Transport temperature (°C) Produced weight of CO 2 per ton of supplied fresh air and day Bananas 11.5 - 14.5 °C 300 - 500 g Pears -1.5 - -0.5 °C 90 g Apples -1.0 - ⁇ 0 °C 100 g Oranges ⁇ 0 - +1 °C 100 g
  • the instruments used at present for measuring the CO 2 concentration in the hold of a ship are self-calibrating precision instruments which enable a regulation of the CO 2 concentration around a mean value.
  • Previously existing control devices have suffered from such great inherent uncertainties that many fresh air plants, in the case of fruit transportation, have been allowed to operate at full capacity during the whole voyage, irrespective of whether this was necessary or not, with resultant unnecessarily heavy operating costs.
  • the SE-C-181 618 describes an arrangement for conditioning various load departments in a ship whereby each department, which is isolated from the adjoining departments can be conditioned individually.
  • a central air processing plant which comprises a pressure chamber and a suction chamber.
  • Each individual cargo department is connected via an intake pipe to said pressure chamber and via and outtake pipe to said suction chamber.
  • Fresh air is taken in from outside and is processed in the central air processing plant with respect to temperature and humidity.
  • the pipes are connected to the respective chambers by controllable flaps.
  • fresh air is delivered to the departments by controlling the afore-said flaps. This has to be done manually.
  • the only automatic adjustment taking place is the maintenance of a static pressure in the pressure and the suction chamber in the central air processing plant.
  • the EP-A-0 136 042 describes an individual container being equipped with its own autonomic air conditioning system.
  • the container is substantially shielded against the ambient atmosphere.
  • the container may be shipped on a freight train or a lorry or may form part of the cargo of a ship.
  • the entire conditioning equipment is installed inside the container.
  • the oxygen content inside said container is automatically controlled and kept on a level below that of the outside atmosphere in order to slow down the ripening process of the plant or fruit cargo.
  • the means for adjusting the oxygen content to its desired level consists in inserting air from the outside into the container.
  • the DE-A-2 556 567 also describes a ventilation system for individual containers which are transported in the hold of a ship.
  • Each container is connected to a cooler unit of its own comprising a fan and a heat exchanger.
  • the inner spaces of the cooler unit and the container are completely separated from the space in the hold of the ship.
  • a CO 2 -sensor in the container senses the CO 2 -level therein and causes a valve to be opened when the CO 2 -level exceeds a preset value.
  • the valve connects the container to a central fresh air supply conduit, which is separated from the space in the hold. Fresh air is introduced in the region of the fan of the container's cooler unit and is channelled through the heat exchanger.
  • the DE-A-2 556 567 describes a number of unspecified hold compartments in which a predetermined carbon dioxide content is upheld by the supply of fresh air. This is achieved by measuring the CO 2 -level in each hold compartment and supplying individually fresh air by means of a fan to each compartment in which the CO 2 -level exceeds the preset level. No circulating systems inside the hold compartments are provided.
  • the invention aims at developing a fresh air supply system for holds in a ship of the above-mentioned kind in which the carbon dioxide content in the hold of a ship is automatically maintained at a preset level at a minimum of costs for additional energy and equipment.
  • the invention suggests a fresh air supply system according to the introductory part of Claim 1, which is characterized by the features of the characterizing part of Claim 1.
  • fans arranged in holds do not always have sufficient capacity to effect the necessary change of air
  • additional fans can be arranged in both the supply conduit and the outlet conduit.
  • the revolution rate of these fans is controlled by the member sensing the carbon dioxide content via, for example, a computer, whereby too high a carbon dioxide content leads to increased rotational speed of these fans.
  • FIG 1 shows the sides 1 of the ship and the insulated decks 2 in the ship.
  • the insulated decks 2 divide the shown part of the ship into two separate refrigerating spaces. These, in turn, are divided by perforated decks 3 and 4 into two spaces so as to form a total of four holds, 5,6,7 and 8.
  • circulation fans 10 producing about 350-500 Pa
  • air coolers 11 can be arranged at a bulkhead 9 defining the holds.
  • the outlet conduit 12 for the holds 5,6 and the outlet conduit 13 for the holds 7,8 are connected onto the respective air-cooler units, between the fans 10 and the air cooler 11.
  • These outlet conduits 12,13 run inside the supply conduits 14,15, that is to say, the conduits with the colder air run inside the conduits with warmer air, which means that the insulation of these conduits can be dispensed with.
  • an additional advantage is gained, namely, that only half as many holes in the deck are needed, although the diameter of these holes will be somewhat greater than normal.
  • At the outlets of the outlet conduits 12 and 13 there are arranged variable-speed controlled fans 16 and 17, respectively, and immediately inside of these there are arranged the motor-controlled valves 18 and 19, respectively, which are capable of closing the outlets completely.
  • the inlets of the supply conduits 14,15 there are arranged similar fans 20 and 21, respectively, and controllable valves 22 and 23, respectively.
  • a member 24 For controlling the controllable valves and fans, a member 24 is provided for monitoring the carbon dioxide content in the holds. This member 24, in turn, delivers control signals by means of a computer 25 to the above-mentioned valves and fans. The member 24 also communicates with a container 26 containing carbon dioxide of a known content for self-calibration of the sensing member 24.
  • the fans 10 operate both during intake and exhaust of air since - as will be clear from the figures - the outlet conduits 12,13 have been connected onto the air-cooler units between the fans 10 and the air cooler 11.
  • the fans 10 are suitably allowed to run at full speed and control the air flow through the holds by means of the valves 18,19 and 22,23. If the fans 10 should not have sufficient capacity to keep the carbon dioxide content at the desired value, even with the valves fully open, the computer 25 is allowed to deliver a starting signal to the fans 16,17 and 20,21, which are controlled to run at a suitable speed. Otherwise, of course, numerous combinations of control are possible since both controllable valves and fans are available.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
  • Storage Of Harvested Produce (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Frischluftversorgungssystem für Laderäume von Schiffen mit einer Einrichtung zur automatischen Regelung und Steuerung der Konzentration von Kohlendioxyd in einem Laderaum durch Steuerung des Frischluftstromes durch einen Kanal, der gebildet wird von einer Eintrittsleitung (14, 15) zu dem Laderaum, dem Laderaum (5, 6; 7, 8) selbst und einer Austrittsleitung (12, 13) von dem Laderaum, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest an einer Stelle der genannten Eintrittsleitung (14,15) oder der genannten Austrittsleitung (12,13) ein Regulierventil (18, 19; 22, 23) mit einem Betätigungsglied sowie ein Glied (24) zur Messung der Kohlendioxydkonzentration vorhanden ist, wobei das Glied (24) im Falle eines gemessenen Anstiegs der Kohlendioxydkonzentration einen Steuerimpuls an das genannte Betätigungsglied zu liefern vermag, um den Durchtritt durch das genannte Regulierventil (18, 19; 22, 23) zu vergrößern, wodurch die Zufuhr von Frischluft vergrößert wird, daß der Laderaum mit einer Luftkühlereinheit ausgerüstet ist, zu der ein Zirkulationsventilator (10) und ein Luftkühler (11) gehören, und daß die Austrittsleitung (12, 13) an die genannte Luftkühler-Einheit zwischen dem Ventilator (10) und dem Luftkühler (11) angeschlossen ist.
  2. Frischluftversorgungssystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß automatisch steuerbare vollständig schließende Ventile (18, 19; 22, 23) sowohl in der Eintrittsleitung wie in der Austrittsleitung angeordnet sind.
  3. Frischluftversorgungssystem nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zusätzliche Ventilatoren (20, 21; 16, 17) sowohl in der Eintrittsleitung (14,15) wie in der Austrittsleitung (12,13) angeordnet sind, die in Abhängigkeit eines Steuerimpulses gesteuert werden, der von dem Meßglied (24) geliefert wird.
  4. Frischluftversorgungssystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Meßglied (24) zur Selbsteichung ein Eichrohr mit einer bekannten Kohlendioxydkonzentration enthält.
EP19870113358 1986-09-16 1987-09-12 Belüftungssystem für Laderäume auf Schiffen Expired - Lifetime EP0260624B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8603893A SE455857B (sv) 1986-09-16 1986-09-16 Friskluftsystem for lastkylanleggningar i fartyg
SE8603893 1986-09-16

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0260624A1 EP0260624A1 (de) 1988-03-23
EP0260624B1 EP0260624B1 (de) 1992-11-19
EP0260624B2 true EP0260624B2 (de) 1999-03-17

Family

ID=20365607

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870113358 Expired - Lifetime EP0260624B2 (de) 1986-09-16 1987-09-12 Belüftungssystem für Laderäume auf Schiffen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0260624B2 (de)
DE (1) DE3782703T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2037044T5 (de)
SE (1) SE455857B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4413944B4 (de) * 1993-04-23 2005-02-24 Abb Stal Refrigeration Ab Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verteilen von Luft in Laderäumen

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29621845U1 (de) * 1996-12-03 1997-06-12 Sick, Wolfgang, 22955 Hoisdorf Luftzuführ- bzw. abzugseinrichtung
DE102010040913B4 (de) * 2010-09-16 2013-02-28 Wobben Properties Gmbh Schiff mit Lüftungseinrichtung
JP5820423B2 (ja) * 2013-04-04 2015-11-24 株式会社コトラシステム 船倉内貨物の結露防止装置
CN113291452B (zh) * 2021-06-22 2023-05-05 广船国际有限公司 一种甲醇双燃料船居住区空调系统

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3360380A (en) * 1964-04-20 1967-12-26 Whirlpool Co Method of storing banas
NZ205453A (en) * 1983-09-01 1988-03-30 New Zealand Shipping Transporting respiring comestibles while monitoring and adjusting oxygen and carbon dioxide levels
JPS61286500A (ja) * 1985-06-11 1986-12-17 三菱電機株式会社 換気制御装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4413944B4 (de) * 1993-04-23 2005-02-24 Abb Stal Refrigeration Ab Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verteilen von Luft in Laderäumen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8603893D0 (sv) 1986-09-16
ES2037044T5 (es) 1999-09-16
SE8603893L (sv) 1988-03-17
EP0260624B1 (de) 1992-11-19
DE3782703D1 (de) 1992-12-24
DE3782703T2 (de) 1993-06-09
EP0260624A1 (de) 1988-03-23
DE3782703T3 (de) 1999-11-11
SE455857B (sv) 1988-08-15
ES2037044T3 (es) 1993-06-16

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