EP0257098A1 - Centrifugal compressor - Google Patents

Centrifugal compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0257098A1
EP0257098A1 EP86902582A EP86902582A EP0257098A1 EP 0257098 A1 EP0257098 A1 EP 0257098A1 EP 86902582 A EP86902582 A EP 86902582A EP 86902582 A EP86902582 A EP 86902582A EP 0257098 A1 EP0257098 A1 EP 0257098A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
package
centrifugal compressor
cover
housing
stator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86902582A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0257098A4 (en
Inventor
Vladimir Viktorovich Arkhipov
Jury Sergeevich Gontar
Viktor Leonidovich Evlannikov
Vladislav Mikhailovich Kamenev
Boris Fedorovich Kosarotov
Sergei Semenovich Lomonosov
Oleg Dmitrievich Rostovtsev
Jury Vitalievich Ustkachkintsev
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Proizvodstvennoe Obiedinenie 'nevsky Zavod' Imeni Vilenina
Original Assignee
Proizvodstvennoe Obiedinenie 'nevsky Zavod' Imeni Vilenina
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Publication of EP0257098A1 publication Critical patent/EP0257098A1/en
Publication of EP0257098A4 publication Critical patent/EP0257098A4/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/60Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling
    • F04D29/62Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/624Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/10Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
    • F04D17/12Multi-stage pumps
    • F04D17/122Multi-stage pumps the individual rotor discs being, one for each stage, on a common shaft and axially spaced, e.g. conventional centrifugal multi- stage compressors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the construction of compressors, more particularly to centrifugal compressors.
  • a centrifugal compressor in the one hand of which a package of stator elements and a rotor are arranged with a cover concealed by a cover.
  • the package of stator elements contains interconnected intermediate covers, diffusers and inverted diffusers.
  • An inlet chamber (suction chamber) and an outlet chamber (pressure chamber) are formed between the edge covers of the stator stack and the housing.
  • the rotor contains a shaft and impellers housed in bearings.
  • the bearing housings are rigidly connected to the edge covers of the stator package (see e.g. SU copyright certificate No. 844824, published on 07.07.81 in the bulletin "Discoveries, Inventions, Designs, Trademarks" No. 25).
  • the intermediate covers of the stator pack have a horizontal division (the rotor axis lies in the horizontal partial plane of the intermediate covers).
  • split intermediate covers requires a complicated manufacturing technology of the same and thus increases the workload.
  • the detachable intermediate cover parts require fine machining of the part levels to ensure that they are closely attached.
  • the construction of the split intermediate cover is quite complicated due to the existing fasteners.
  • the existing division reduces the rigidity and increases the likelihood of mutual displacement of the two intermediate cover halves, which reduces their manufacturing and assembly accuracy.
  • special devices for rotor centering are required, which also makes assembly complicated.
  • stator package lowers the efficiency of the functioning centrifugal compressor as a result of leakage losses occurring between the joined intermediate cover parts.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a centrifugal compressor in which the intermediate cover of the stator package would have a structural design that would make it possible to simplify its manufacture and increase the manufacturing accuracy, as well as simplify the assembly of the centrifugal compressor and increase its efficiency .
  • each intermediate cover is made monolithic.
  • the centrifugal compressor designed according to the present invention is relatively simple to manufacture and assemble, because of the lack of leakage losses, it is reliable in operation, which allows the efficiency of the centrifugal compressor to be increased.
  • a two-stage centrifugal compressor which contains a housing 1 (Fig.1).
  • the housing 1 is formed by a non-separable cylindrical part 2 and an end wall 3, which are made in one piece.
  • the housing 1 is covered by a cover 4 from the opposite side.
  • the cover 4 is connected to the housing 1 by means of pins 5 which are evenly distributed on the circumference.
  • a package 6 of stator elements and a rotor 7 are arranged in the housing 1.
  • An inlet chamber (suction chamber) 8 and an outlet chamber (pressure chamber) 9 are each formed between the package 6 of stator elements, the housing 1 and the cover 4.
  • the package 6 of stator elements contains intermediate covers 10, 11, 12, 13, diffusers 14, 15 and an inverted diffuser 16. All of the elements of the stator package 6 mentioned are rigidly connected to one another.
  • the intermediate covers 10, 11, 12, 13 are monolithic (uniform), i.e. executed without divisions.
  • the intermediate cover 10 is made in one piece with a housing 17 in which a support bearing 18 is installed.
  • the intermediate cover 13 is made in one piece with a housing 19 in which a support bearing 20 and a thrust bearing 21 are installed.
  • the diffusers 14, 15 of the intermediate covers 11, 12 and the inverted guide device 16 form a central part 22 of the package 6 and are welded together.
  • the intermediate covers 10 and 13 are rigidly connected to enable disassembly of the package 6 of stator elements with the central part 22 of the package by means of screws evenly distributed over a circumference D 1 . It is also conceivable that all elements of the stator element package 6 are fastened with other known means suitable for the object of the invention.
  • the intermediate cover 10 is rigidly connected to the end wall 3 of the housing 1 by means of screws 23 which are evenly distributed on the circumference. In this way, the entire package 6 of stator elements is fixed in the predetermined position with respect to the housing 1.
  • the immovable connection points between the housing 1, cover 4 and package 6 of stator elements are sealed by an elastic material 24.
  • the rotor 7 contains a shaft 25 on which the impellers 26, 27, a relief piston 28 and a stop disk 29 are seated.
  • the impeller 26 has a tapered connection with the shaft 25, which ensures that the impeller 26 is relatively easy to put on and take off.
  • the impeller is secured on the shaft 25 by means of a nut 30 and a washer 31.
  • the impellers 26, 27 have respective cover washers 32, 33.
  • the rotor 7 is arranged in support bearings 18, 20; it is secured against axial displacement by the thrust bearing 21.
  • the centrifugal compressor contains labyrinth seals 34, 35 of the cover disks 32, 33, an intermediate labyrinth seal 36 of the shaft 25 and a labyrinth seal 37 of the relief piston 28 as well as end labyrinth seals 38, 39 of the shaft 25.
  • the labyrinth seals 34, 35, 36 are identical to one another and are formed by combs 40 (FIG. 2) and 41, which are fastened to the intermediate cover 10 (11, 12), and by cylindrical surfaces 42, 43, which are attached to the cover disk 32 ( 33 and the shaft 25) are executed.
  • the cylindrical surfaces 42 and 43 have different diameters, i.e. they form a stage.
  • the combs 40 and 41 form a small radial clearance 44 which ensures the function of the labyrinth seals 34 (FIG. 1), 35, 36.
  • the labyrinth seals 34, 35, 36 are graduated with a decrease in the step diameter in the direction
  • the inlet chamber 8 is formed, which, as will be explained below, is required for the successful assembly of the centrifugal compressor.
  • the labyrinth seals 38 and 39 of the shaft 25 are identical to each other and housed in the respective housings 17 and 19.
  • the labyrinth seals 38 and 39 have collars 45 (FIG. 3) and combs 46, which form a small radial clearance 48 with the cylindrical surface 47 of the shaft 25, which ensures the function of the seals 38 and 39.
  • the difference between the radius of the collar 45 and the radius of the surface 47 is less than the radial clearance 48, which guarantees the integrity of the combs 46 when the centrifugal compressor is installed.
  • Axial play 50 and 51 are present between the impellers 26, 27 and the intermediate covers 11, 13.
  • the game 51 is the smallest of the games 50 and 52.
  • the game 51 is greater than the distance from any comb 40, 41 (FIG. 2) to the edge of the respective cylindrical surface 42, 43 (FIG. 2) Labyrinth seals 34, 35, 36. This ensures, as will be described below, the integrity of combs of the labyrinth seals 34, 35, 36 when the centrifugal compressor is being installed.
  • hydrostatic seals 53 and 54 of the shaft 25 there are also hydrostatic seals 53 and 54 of the shaft 25. Between the hydrostatic seals 53, 54 and the brackets 18, 20 there are cavities 55, 56 which are supplied with a sealing oil under a pressure higher than is the gas pressure in the cavities adjacent to the hydrostatic seals 53 and 54. In practice, these pressures come close to each other thanks to an equalization line (not shown) connecting these cavities.
  • the package 6 of stator elements consists of three uniform, non-disassemblable, rigidly connected parts: the intermediate cover 10 with the housing 17, the intermediate cover 13 with the housing 19 and the middle part 22 of the package 6.
  • the assembly of the intermediate cover 10 and 13 with the middle part 22 of the package 6 happens over two cylindrical surfaces 57, 58 and two end faces 59, 60.
  • a minimal number of detachable connections, the rigid construction of the intermediate cover 10, 13 and the middle part 22 of the package allow that Alignment of all stator elements of the package 6 relatively easy to achieve and to ensure the required coaxiality of the support bearings 18, 20 and the labyrinth seal elements. At the same time, this allows a minimal size of play between the combs 40 (FIG.
  • the centrifugal compressor is installed in the following way.
  • the support bearing 20 is inserted into the housing 19, which is embodied in one with the intermediate cover 13, after which the shaft 25 with the impeller 27 placed thereon and the relief piston 28 is inserted vertically until the impeller 27 bears against the intermediate cover 13.
  • the shaft 25 slides in the axial direction in the support bearing 20 and in the collar 45.
  • the combs 46 of the seal 39 and the labyrinth seal 37 of the relief piston 28 cannot be damaged because the rotor 7 is centered by the bearing 20 and collar 45, while the play between the collar 45 and the cylindrical surface 47 is smaller than the radial clearance 48.
  • the middle part 22 of the package 6 is lowered onto the intermediate cover 13, and these are then rigidly connected to one another.
  • the impeller 26 is placed on the shaft 25, secured with the nut 30 and the washer 31.
  • the intermediate cover 10 with the housing 17 and the bearing 18 arranged therein and the labyrinth seal 38 is lowered onto the assembled central part 22 of the package 6, and these are then rigidly connected to one another.
  • the combs of the labyrinth seal 38 are protected against damage by the collar 45 provided on the labyrinth seal 38.
  • possible damage to the labyrinth seals 34, 35, 36 is excluded because the axial distance from any comb of these seals, measured in the direction of the inlet chamber 8, to the edge of this comb corresponding cylindrical surface 42, 43, with which the combs form a small radial clearance 44, is smaller than the axial clearance 51 (the rotor is displaced until the impeller 27 bears against the cover 13).
  • the entire assembled unit is then brought into the horizontal position and the further assembly of the centrifugal compressor takes place in the horizontal position.
  • the rotor is moved into the working position in which the surfaces 42, 43 go under the combs 40, 41 and thereby form the small radial clearance 44, which ensures the function of the labyrinth seals 34, 35, 36 achieves, the collars 45 are set against the recesses on the surface of the shaft 25.
  • the working position of the rotor 7 is fixed by the installation of the thrust bearing 21.
  • the stator pack 6 is accommodated in the housing 1, and the housing 17 is rigidly attached to the housing 1 with screws 23.
  • the cover 4 is attached to the end face of the housing 1 and rigidly fastened to the housing by means of the fastening elements 5. This completes the assembly of the centrifugal compressor.
  • the function of the compressor is similar to that of the compressors of this type.
  • the existing monolithic intermediate covers allowed the stator elements contained in the package to be rigidly constructed. This ensures the coaxiality of the stator elements in the package and makes it possible to achieve minimal play in the labyrinth seals, which increases the work efficiency.
  • the effective function of the labyrinth seals and the monolithic construction of the intermediate cover reduce the energy losses due to internal leakage due to the internal leak and increase the efficiency of the centrifugal compressor.
  • the monolithic design of the edge covers excludes oil losses in the flow part of the compressor from the cavities of the hydrostatic seals.
  • the centrifugal compressor according to the invention can most suitably be used for natural gas production.
  • the centrifugal compressor according to the invention can also be used in the chemical industry.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)

Abstract

A centrifugal compressor comprises a casing (1) closed on at least one side with a cover (4) and provided with inletting (8) and outletting (9) chambers, a pack (6) of stator elements mounted inside the casing and containing diaphragms (10, 11, 12, 13), diffusers (14, 15) and reverse guiding apparatuses (16) rigidly interconnected to each other, and a rotor (7) forming, together with the stator elements of the pack (6), compression stages. Each diaphragm (10, 11, 12, 13) of the stator pack (6) is made in one piece.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical field

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf den Verdichterbau, genauer auf Kreiselverdichter.The present invention relates to the construction of compressors, more particularly to centrifugal compressors.

Zugrundeliegender Stand der TechnikUnderlying state of the art

Bekannt ist ein Kreiselverdichter, in dessen einerseits mit einem Deckel verdecktem Gehäuse ein Paket von Statorelementen und ein Rotor angeordnet sind. Das Paket von Statorelementen enthält miteinander starr verbundene Zwischendeckel, Diffusoren und umgekehrte Leitapparate. Zwischen den Randdeckeln des Statorpakets und dem Gehäuse sind eine Eintrittskammer (Saugkammer) und eine Austrittskammer (Druckkammer) gebildet.A centrifugal compressor is known, in the one hand of which a package of stator elements and a rotor are arranged with a cover concealed by a cover. The package of stator elements contains interconnected intermediate covers, diffusers and inverted diffusers. An inlet chamber (suction chamber) and an outlet chamber (pressure chamber) are formed between the edge covers of the stator stack and the housing.

Der Rotor enthält eine in Lagern aufgenommene Welle und Laufräder. Die Lagergehäuse sind mit den Randdeckeln des Statorpakets starr verbunden (siehe z.B. den SU-Urheberschein Nr.844824, veröffentlicht am 07.07.81 im Bulletin "Entdeckungen, Erfindungen, Geschmacksmuster, Warenzeichen" Nr.25).The rotor contains a shaft and impellers housed in bearings. The bearing housings are rigidly connected to the edge covers of the stator package (see e.g. SU copyright certificate No. 844824, published on 07.07.81 in the bulletin "Discoveries, Inventions, Designs, Trademarks" No. 25).

Im bekannten Kreiselverdichter weisen die Zwischendeckel des Statorpakets eine horizontale Teilung auf (die Rotorachse liegt in der horizontalen Teilebene der Zwischendeckel).In the known centrifugal compressor, the intermediate covers of the stator pack have a horizontal division (the rotor axis lies in the horizontal partial plane of the intermediate covers).

Die Ausführung von geteilten Zwischendeckeln bedingt eine komplizierte Herstellungstechnologie derselben und erhöht somit den Arbeitsaufwand.The implementation of split intermediate covers requires a complicated manufacturing technology of the same and thus increases the workload.

Die auseinandernehmbaren Zwischendeckelteile erfordern eine Feinbearbeitung der Teilebenen zur Gewährleistung eines innigen Anliegens derselben. Die Konstruktion der geteilten Zwischendeckel ist infolge der vorhandenen Befestigungselemente recht kompliziert. Die vorhandene Teilung verringert die Steifigkeit und erhöht die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer gegenseitigen Verlagerung der beiden Zwischendeckelhälften, was deren Herstellungs- und Montagegenauigkeit herabsetzt. Um zu vermeiden daß Labyrinthdichtungskämme bei der Montage beschädigt werden, sind besondere Vorrichtungen zur Rotorzentrierung erforderlich, was die Montage ebenfalls kompliziert macht.The detachable intermediate cover parts require fine machining of the part levels to ensure that they are closely attached. The construction of the split intermediate cover is quite complicated due to the existing fasteners. The existing division reduces the rigidity and increases the likelihood of mutual displacement of the two intermediate cover halves, which reduces their manufacturing and assembly accuracy. To prevent labyrinth seal combs from being damaged during assembly, special devices for rotor centering are required, which also makes assembly complicated.

Die im Statorpaket vorhandene Teilung setzt den Wirkungsgrad des funktionierenden Kreiselverdichters infolge von eintretenden Leckverlusten zwischen den aneinandergefügten Zwischendeckelteilen herab.The division present in the stator package lowers the efficiency of the functioning centrifugal compressor as a result of leakage losses occurring between the joined intermediate cover parts.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Kreiselverdichter zu schaffen, in dem die Zwischendeckel des Statorpakets eine konstruktive Ausführung hätten, die es gestatten würde, die Herstellung derselben zu vereinfachen und die Herstellungsgenauigkeit zu erhöhen sowie die Montage des Kreiselverdichters zu vereinfachen und dessen Wirkungsgrad zu steigern.The invention has for its object to provide a centrifugal compressor in which the intermediate cover of the stator package would have a structural design that would make it possible to simplify its manufacture and increase the manufacturing accuracy, as well as simplify the assembly of the centrifugal compressor and increase its efficiency .

Diese Aufgabe wird mit Hilfe eines Kreiselverdichters gelöst, in dessen Gehäuse, das zumindest einerseits von einem Deckel verdeckt ist und eine Eintritts- sowie eine Austrittskammer besitzt, ein Paket von Statorelementen, das miteinander starr verbundene Zwischendeckel, Diffusoren und umgekehrte Leitapparate enthält, sowie ein Rotor angeordnet sind, der mit den Statorpaketelementen Verdichtungsstufen bildet. Erfindungsgemäß ist jeder Zwischendeckel monolithisch ausgeführt.This object is achieved with the aid of a centrifugal compressor, in its housing, which is covered at least on the one hand by a cover and has an inlet and an outlet chamber, a package of stator elements which contain rigidly connected intermediate covers, diffusers and inverted guide devices, and a rotor are arranged, which forms compression stages with the stator packet elements. According to the invention, each intermediate cover is made monolithic.

Der gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung ausgeführte Kreiselverdichter ist relativ einfach in der Herstellung und Montage, wegen fehlender Leckverluste zuverlässig im Betrieb, was den Wirkungsgrad des Kreiselverdichters zu erhöhen erlaubt.The centrifugal compressor designed according to the present invention is relatively simple to manufacture and assemble, because of the lack of leakage losses, it is reliable in operation, which allows the efficiency of the centrifugal compressor to be increased.

Nachstehend wird die Beschreibung eines konkreten Ausführungsbeispiels der vorliegenden Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf beigefügte Zeichnungen angeführt.The following is a description of a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnungen

  • Fig.1 stellt einen erfindungsgemäßen Kreiselverdichter im Längsschnitt dar;
  • Fig.2 - eine Einzelheit A von Fig.1 im vergrößerten Maßstab;
  • Fig.3 - eine Einzelheit B von Fig.1 im vergrößerten Maßstab.
Brief description of the drawings
  • 1 shows a centrifugal compressor according to the invention in longitudinal section;
  • Fig.2 - a detail A of Figure 1 on an enlarged scale;
  • Fig.3 - a detail B of Fig.1 on an enlarged scale.

Im vorliegenden Beispiel wird ein zweistufiger Kreiselverdichter beschrieben, der ein Gehäuse 1 (Fig.1) enthält. Das Gehäuse 1 ist von einem nicht zerlegbaren zylindrischen Teil 2 und einer Stirnwand 3 gebildet, die in einem Stück ausgeführt sind. Von der entgegengesetzten Seite her ist das Gehäuse 1 von einem Deckel 4 verdeckt. Der Deckel 4 ist mit dem Gehäuse 1 mittels Stiften 5 verbunden, die gleichmäßig am Kreisumfang verteilt sind.In the present example, a two-stage centrifugal compressor is described, which contains a housing 1 (Fig.1). The housing 1 is formed by a non-separable cylindrical part 2 and an end wall 3, which are made in one piece. The housing 1 is covered by a cover 4 from the opposite side. The cover 4 is connected to the housing 1 by means of pins 5 which are evenly distributed on the circumference.

Im Gehäuse 1 ist ein Paket 6 von Statorelementen und ein Rotor 7 angeordnet. Zwischen dem Paket 6 von Statorelementen, dem Gehäuse 1 und dem Deckel 4 sind jeweils eine Eintrittskammer (Saugkammer) 8 und eine Austrittskammer (Druckkammer) 9 gebildet.A package 6 of stator elements and a rotor 7 are arranged in the housing 1. An inlet chamber (suction chamber) 8 and an outlet chamber (pressure chamber) 9 are each formed between the package 6 of stator elements, the housing 1 and the cover 4.

Das Paket 6 von Statorelementen enthält Zwischendeckel 10, 11, 12, 13, Diffusoren 14, 15 und einen umgekehrten Leitapparat 16. Sämtliche genannten Elemente des Statorpaketes 6 sind miteinander starr verbunden. Die Zwischendeckel 10, 11, 12, 13 sind monolithisch (einheitlich), d, h. ohne Teilungen ausgeführt.The package 6 of stator elements contains intermediate covers 10, 11, 12, 13, diffusers 14, 15 and an inverted diffuser 16. All of the elements of the stator package 6 mentioned are rigidly connected to one another. The intermediate covers 10, 11, 12, 13 are monolithic (uniform), i.e. executed without divisions.

Eingehender sollen die Vorteile einer solchen Ausführung nachstehend beim Beschreiben der Montage des Kreiselverdichters und der Funktion desselben erläutert werden.The advantages of such an embodiment will be explained in more detail below when describing the assembly of the centrifugal compressor and the function thereof.

Der Zwischendeckel 10 ist in einem Stück mit einem Gehäuse 17 ausgeführt, in dem ein Traglager 18 eingebaut ist. Der Zwischendeckel 13 ist in einem Stück mit einem Gehäuse 19 ausgeführt, in dem ein Traglager 20 und ein Drucklager 21 eingebaut sind. Im vorliegenden Beispiel bilden die Diffusoren 14, 15 der Zwischendeckel 11, 12, der umgekehrte Leitapparat 16 einen mittleren Teil 22 des Paketes 6 und sind miteinander verschweißt.The intermediate cover 10 is made in one piece with a housing 17 in which a support bearing 18 is installed. The intermediate cover 13 is made in one piece with a housing 19 in which a support bearing 20 and a thrust bearing 21 are installed. In the present example, the diffusers 14, 15 of the intermediate covers 11, 12 and the inverted guide device 16 form a central part 22 of the package 6 and are welded together.

Die Zwischendeckel 10 und 13 sind zur Ermöglichung einer Zerlegung des Paketes 6 von Statorelementen mit dem mittleren Teil 22 des Paketes mittels an einem Kreisumfang D1 gleichmäßig verteilten Schrauben starr verbunden. Es ist auch denkbar, daß sämtliche Elemente des Statorelementepaketes 6 mit anderen bekannten, für das Erfindungsziel geeigneten Mitteln befestigt werden. Der Zwischendeckel 10 ist mit der Stirnwand 3 des Gehäuses 1 mittels Schrauben 23 starr verbunden, die gleichmäßig am Kreisumfang verteilt sind. Auf diese Weise wird das gesamte Paket 6 von Statorelementen in der vorgegebenen Stellung bezüglich des Gehäuses 1 fixiert. Die unbeweglichen Verbindungsstellen zwischen dem Gehäuse 1, Deckel 4 und Paket 6 von Statorelementen sind durch einen elastischen Stoff 24 abgedichtet.The intermediate covers 10 and 13 are rigidly connected to enable disassembly of the package 6 of stator elements with the central part 22 of the package by means of screws evenly distributed over a circumference D 1 . It is also conceivable that all elements of the stator element package 6 are fastened with other known means suitable for the object of the invention. The intermediate cover 10 is rigidly connected to the end wall 3 of the housing 1 by means of screws 23 which are evenly distributed on the circumference. In this way, the entire package 6 of stator elements is fixed in the predetermined position with respect to the housing 1. The immovable connection points between the housing 1, cover 4 and package 6 of stator elements are sealed by an elastic material 24.

Der Rotor 7 enthält eine Welle 25, auf der Laufräder 26, 27, ein Entlastungskolben 28 und eine Anschlagscheibe 29 sitzen. Das Laufrad 26 besitzt eine Kegelverbindung mit der Welle 25, die ein relativ leichtes Aufsetzen und Abziehen des Laufrades 26 gewährleistet. Das Absichern des Laufrades auf der Welle 25 geschieht mittels einer Mutter 30 und einer Scheibe 31. Die Laufräder 26, 27 besitzen jeweilige Deckscheiben 32, 33. Der Rotor 7 ist in Traglagern 18, 20 angeordnet; gegen axiale Verschiebung ist er durch das Drucklager 21 gesichert. Der Kreiselverdichter enthält Labyrinthdichtungen 34, 35 der Deckscheiben 32, 33, eine zwischengelagerte Labyrinthdichtung 36 der Welle 25 und eine Labyrinthdichtung 37 des Entlastungskolbens 28 sowie Endlabyrinthdichtungen 38, 39 der Welle 25.The rotor 7 contains a shaft 25 on which the impellers 26, 27, a relief piston 28 and a stop disk 29 are seated. The impeller 26 has a tapered connection with the shaft 25, which ensures that the impeller 26 is relatively easy to put on and take off. The impeller is secured on the shaft 25 by means of a nut 30 and a washer 31. The impellers 26, 27 have respective cover washers 32, 33. The rotor 7 is arranged in support bearings 18, 20; it is secured against axial displacement by the thrust bearing 21. The centrifugal compressor contains labyrinth seals 34, 35 of the cover disks 32, 33, an intermediate labyrinth seal 36 of the shaft 25 and a labyrinth seal 37 of the relief piston 28 as well as end labyrinth seals 38, 39 of the shaft 25.

Die Labyrinthdichtungen 34, 35, 36 sind miteinander identisch ausgeführt und von Kämmen 40 (Fig.2) und 41, welche am Zwischendeckel 10 (11, 12) befestigt sind, sowie von zylindrischen Oberflächen 42, 43 gebildet, die an der Deckscheibe 32 (33 und der Welle 25) ausgeführt sind. Die zylindrischen Oberflächen 42 und 43 besitzen verschiedene Durchmesser, d.h. sie bilden eine Stufe.The labyrinth seals 34, 35, 36 are identical to one another and are formed by combs 40 (FIG. 2) and 41, which are fastened to the intermediate cover 10 (11, 12), and by cylindrical surfaces 42, 43, which are attached to the cover disk 32 ( 33 and the shaft 25) are executed. The cylindrical surfaces 42 and 43 have different diameters, i.e. they form a stage.

Mit diesen zylindrischen Oberflächen bilden die Kämme 40 und 41 ein kleines Radialspiel 44, das die Funktion der Labyrinthdichtungen 34 (Fig.1), 35, 36 gewährleistet. Die Labyrinthdichtungen 34, 35, 36 sind abgestuft mit Abnahme der Stufendurchmesser in Richtung der Eintrittskammer 8 ausgebildet, was, wie nachstehend erläutert werden soll, zur erfolgreichen Montage des Kreiselverdichters erforderlich ist.With these cylindrical surfaces, the combs 40 and 41 form a small radial clearance 44 which ensures the function of the labyrinth seals 34 (FIG. 1), 35, 36. The labyrinth seals 34, 35, 36 are graduated with a decrease in the step diameter in the direction The inlet chamber 8 is formed, which, as will be explained below, is required for the successful assembly of the centrifugal compressor.

Die Labyrinthdichtungen 38 und 39 der Welle 25 sind miteinander identisch ausgeführt und in den jeweiligen Gehäusen 17 und 19 untergebracht. Die Labyrinthdichtungen 38 und 39 weisen Bünde 45 (Fig.3) und Kämme 46 auf, die mit der zylindrischen Oberfläche 47 der Welle 25 ein kleines Radialspiel 48 bilden, das die Funktion der Dichtungen 38 und 39 gewährleistet. Die Differenz zwischen dem Halbmesser des Bundes 45 und dem Halbmesser der Oberfläche 47 ist geringer als das Radialspiel 48, was die Unversehrtheit der Kämme 46 bei der Montage des Kreiselverdichters garantiert.The labyrinth seals 38 and 39 of the shaft 25 are identical to each other and housed in the respective housings 17 and 19. The labyrinth seals 38 and 39 have collars 45 (FIG. 3) and combs 46, which form a small radial clearance 48 with the cylindrical surface 47 of the shaft 25, which ensures the function of the seals 38 and 39. The difference between the radius of the collar 45 and the radius of the surface 47 is less than the radial clearance 48, which guarantees the integrity of the combs 46 when the centrifugal compressor is installed.

Zwischen den Laufrädern 26, 27 und den Zwischendeckeln 11, 13 sind jeweilige Axialspiele 50 und 51 vorhanden.Axial play 50 and 51 are present between the impellers 26, 27 and the intermediate covers 11, 13.

Zwischen dem Entlastungskolben 28 und der Dichtung 39 ist ein Axialspiel 52 vorhanden. Das Spiel 51 ist das kleinste von dem Spielen 50 und 52. Hierbei ist das Spiel 51 größer als der Abstand von einem beliebigen Kamm 40, 41 (Fig.2) bis zum Rand der jeweiligen zylindrischen Oberfläche 42, 43 (Fig.2) der Labyrinthdichtungen 34, 35, 36. Dadurch wird, wie nachstehend geschildert werden soll, die Unversehrtheit von Kämmen der Labyrinthdichtungen 34, 35, 36 bei der Montage des Kreiselverdichters gewährleistet.There is an axial play 52 between the relief piston 28 and the seal 39. The game 51 is the smallest of the games 50 and 52. Here, the game 51 is greater than the distance from any comb 40, 41 (FIG. 2) to the edge of the respective cylindrical surface 42, 43 (FIG. 2) Labyrinth seals 34, 35, 36. This ensures, as will be described below, the integrity of combs of the labyrinth seals 34, 35, 36 when the centrifugal compressor is being installed.

In den Gehäusen 17 und 19 befinden sich ferner hydrostatische Dichtungen 53 und 54 der Welle 25. Zwischen den hydrostatischen Dichtungen 53, 54 und den Traglaern 18, 20 sind Hohlräume 55, 56 ausgeführt, denen ein Abdichtöl unter einem Druck zugeführt wird, der höher als der Gasdruck in den an die hydrostatischen Dichtungen 53 und 54 angrenzenden Hohlräumen ist. Praktischkommen diese Drücke dank einer (nicht abgebildeten) Ausgleichsleitung, die diese Hohlräume verbindet, einander nahe.In the housings 17 and 19 there are also hydrostatic seals 53 and 54 of the shaft 25. Between the hydrostatic seals 53, 54 and the brackets 18, 20 there are cavities 55, 56 which are supplied with a sealing oil under a pressure higher than is the gas pressure in the cavities adjacent to the hydrostatic seals 53 and 54. In practice, these pressures come close to each other thanks to an equalization line (not shown) connecting these cavities.

Wie bereits oben beschrieben, besteht das Paket 6 von Statorelementen aus drei einheitlichen nicht zerlegbaren, miteinander starr verbundenen Teilen: dem Zwischendeckel 10 mit Gehäuse 17, dem Zwischendeckel 13 mit Gehäuse 19 und dem mittleren Teil 22 des Paketes 6. Das Zusammenfügen der Zwischendeckel 10 und 13 mit dem mittleren Teil 22 des Paketes 6 geschieht über zwei zylindrische Oberflächen 57, 58 und zwei Stirnflächen 59, 60. Eine minimale Zahl von lösbaren Verbindungen, die steife Konstruktion der Zwischendeckel 10, 13 und des mittleren Teiles 22 des Paketes erlauben es, die Gleichachsigkeit sämtlicher Statorelemente des Paketes 6 relativ leicht zu erzielen sowie die erforderliche Gleichachsigkeit der Traglager 18, 20 und der Labyrinthdichtungselemente sicherzustellen. Zugleich gestattet dies, eine minimale Größe von Spielen zwischen den Kämmen 40 (Fig.2), 41, 46 (Fig.3) und den ihnen entsprechenden zylindrischen Oberflächen 42 (Fig.2), 43, 47 (Fig.3) der Labyrinthdichtungen 34, 35, 36, 38, 39 zu erreichen.Dadurch werden die Energieverluste infolge inneren Leckens verringert, der Wirkungsgrad des Kreiselverdichters wird aber erhöht. Zur Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrades trägt auch das Vorhandensein von einheitlichen Zwischendeckeln 10, 11, 12, 13 im Paket 6 von Statorelementen bei. Die monolithische Ausführung der Randdeckel 10 und 13 und der mit ihnen verbundenen Gehäuse 17, 19 schließt Ölverluste zwischen denselben aus den Hohlräumen 55, 56 in den Strömungsteil des Kreiselverdichters aus.As already described above, the package 6 of stator elements consists of three uniform, non-disassemblable, rigidly connected parts: the intermediate cover 10 with the housing 17, the intermediate cover 13 with the housing 19 and the middle part 22 of the package 6. The assembly of the intermediate cover 10 and 13 with the middle part 22 of the package 6 happens over two cylindrical surfaces 57, 58 and two end faces 59, 60. A minimal number of detachable connections, the rigid construction of the intermediate cover 10, 13 and the middle part 22 of the package allow that Alignment of all stator elements of the package 6 relatively easy to achieve and to ensure the required coaxiality of the support bearings 18, 20 and the labyrinth seal elements. At the same time, this allows a minimal size of play between the combs 40 (FIG. 2), 41, 46 (FIG. 3) and the corresponding cylindrical surfaces 42 (FIG. 2), 43, 47 (FIG. 3) of the labyrinth seals 34, 35, 36, 38, 39.This reduces energy losses due to internal leakage, but increases the efficiency of the centrifugal compressor. The presence of uniform intermediate covers 10, 11, 12, 13 in the package 6 of stator elements also contributes to increasing the efficiency. The monolithic design of the edge covers 10 and 13 and the housings 17, 19 connected to them excludes oil losses between the latter from the cavities 55, 56 into the flow part of the centrifugal compressor.

Die Montage des Kreiselverdichters wird in folgender Weise durchgeführt.The centrifugal compressor is installed in the following way.

In das mit dem Zwischendeckel 13 in eins ausgeführte Gehäuse 19 wird das Traglager 20 eingebracht, wonach die Welle 25 mit dem auf diese aufgesetzten Laufrad 27 und dem Entlastungskolben 28 bis zur Anlage des Laufrades 27 am Zwischendeckel 13 vertikal eingeführt wird. Hierbei gleitet die Welle 25 in axialer Richtung im Traglager 20 und im Bund 45. Die Kämme 46 der Dichtung 39 und die Labyrinthdichtung 37 des Entlastungskolbens 28 können dabei nicht beschädigt werden, weil der Rotor 7 vom Lager 20 und Bund 45 zentriert wird, während das Spiel zwischen dem Bund 45 und der zylindrischen Oberfläche 47 kleiner als das Radialspiel 48 ist.The support bearing 20 is inserted into the housing 19, which is embodied in one with the intermediate cover 13, after which the shaft 25 with the impeller 27 placed thereon and the relief piston 28 is inserted vertically until the impeller 27 bears against the intermediate cover 13. Here, the shaft 25 slides in the axial direction in the support bearing 20 and in the collar 45. The combs 46 of the seal 39 and the labyrinth seal 37 of the relief piston 28 cannot be damaged because the rotor 7 is centered by the bearing 20 and collar 45, while the play between the collar 45 and the cylindrical surface 47 is smaller than the radial clearance 48.

Danach wird bei vertikaler Stellung der Welle 25 der mittlere Teil 22 des Paketes 6 auf den Zwischendeckel 13 abgesenkt, und diese werden dann miteinander starr verbunden. Auf die Welle 25 wird das Laufrad 26 aufgesetzt, mit der Mutter 30 und der Scheibe 31 abgesichert.Thereafter, with the shaft 25 in the vertical position, the middle part 22 of the package 6 is lowered onto the intermediate cover 13, and these are then rigidly connected to one another. The impeller 26 is placed on the shaft 25, secured with the nut 30 and the washer 31.

Auf den montierten mittleren Teil 22 des Paketes 6 wird der Zwischendeckel 10 mit dem Gehäuse 17 und dem darin angeordneten Lager 18 und der Labyrinthdichtung 38 abgesenkt, und diese werden dann miteinander starr verbunden.The intermediate cover 10 with the housing 17 and the bearing 18 arranged therein and the labyrinth seal 38 is lowered onto the assembled central part 22 of the package 6, and these are then rigidly connected to one another.

Ähnlich wie vorher sind die Kämme der Labyrinthdichtung 38 durch den an der Labyrinthdichtung 38 vorhandenen Bund 45 gegen Beschädigung geschützt. Beim Anbringen des mittleren Teiles 22 des Paketes 6 und des Zwischendeckels 10 ist eine eventuelle Beschädigung der Labyrinthdichtungen 34, 35, 36 ausgeschlossen, weil der axiale Abstand von einem beliebigen Kamm dieser Dichtungen, gemessen in Richtung der Eintrittskammer 8, bis zum Rand der diesem Kamm entsprechenden zylindrischen Oberfläche 42, 43, mit denen die Kämme ein kleines Radialspiel 44 bilden, kleiner als das Axialspiel 51 ist (der Rotor ist bis zur Anlage des Laufrades 27 am Zvdschendeckel 13 verschoben).Similar to before, the combs of the labyrinth seal 38 are protected against damage by the collar 45 provided on the labyrinth seal 38. When attaching the middle part 22 of the package 6 and the intermediate cover 10, possible damage to the labyrinth seals 34, 35, 36 is excluded because the axial distance from any comb of these seals, measured in the direction of the inlet chamber 8, to the edge of this comb corresponding cylindrical surface 42, 43, with which the combs form a small radial clearance 44, is smaller than the axial clearance 51 (the rotor is displaced until the impeller 27 bears against the cover 13).

Danach wird die gesamte zusammengebaute Einheit in die horizontale Lage gebracht, und die weitere Montage des Kreiselverdichters erfolgt in der horizontalen Stellung.The entire assembled unit is then brought into the horizontal position and the further assembly of the centrifugal compressor takes place in the horizontal position.

Der Rotor wird in die Arbeitsstellung verschoben, bei der die Oberflächen 42, 43 unter die Kämme 40, 41 gehen und dabei das kleine Radialspiel 44 bilden, das die Funktion der Labyrinthdichtungen 34, 35, 36 gewährleistet, die Bünde 45 werden gegenüber den Ausdrehungen an der Oberfläche der Welle 25 eingestellt. Die Arbeitsstellung des Rotors 7 wird durch den Ein.bau des Drucklagers 21 fixiert. Das Statorpaket 6 wird im Gehäuse 1 untergebracht, und das Gehäuse 17 wird am Gehäuse 1 mit Schrauben 23 starr befestigt. An der Stirnfläche des Gehäuses 1 wird der Deckel 4 angebracht und am Gehäuse mittels der Befestigungselemente 5 starr befestigt. Somit ist die Montage des Kreiselverdichters beendet.The rotor is moved into the working position in which the surfaces 42, 43 go under the combs 40, 41 and thereby form the small radial clearance 44, which ensures the function of the labyrinth seals 34, 35, 36 achieves, the collars 45 are set against the recesses on the surface of the shaft 25. The working position of the rotor 7 is fixed by the installation of the thrust bearing 21. The stator pack 6 is accommodated in the housing 1, and the housing 17 is rigidly attached to the housing 1 with screws 23. The cover 4 is attached to the end face of the housing 1 and rigidly fastened to the housing by means of the fastening elements 5. This completes the assembly of the centrifugal compressor.

Die Funktion des Verdichters ist der Arbeitsweise der Verdichter dieses Typs ähnlich. Die vorhandenen monolithischen Zwischendeckel haben eine steife Konstruktion der im Paket enthaltenen Statorelemente ermöglicht. Dies gewährleistet die Gleichachsigkeit der Statorelemente im Paket und macht die Erzielung von minimalen Spielen in den Labyrinthdichtungen möglich, was den Arbeitswirkungsgrad erhöht. Die effektive Funktion der Labyrinthdichtungen und die monolithische Konstruktion der Zwischendeckel verringern die durch inneres Lecken bedingte Energieverluste wegen der Innenlecke und erhöhen den Wirkungsgrad des Kreiselverdichters.The function of the compressor is similar to that of the compressors of this type. The existing monolithic intermediate covers allowed the stator elements contained in the package to be rigidly constructed. This ensures the coaxiality of the stator elements in the package and makes it possible to achieve minimal play in the labyrinth seals, which increases the work efficiency. The effective function of the labyrinth seals and the monolithic construction of the intermediate cover reduce the energy losses due to internal leakage due to the internal leak and increase the efficiency of the centrifugal compressor.

Außerdem schließt die monolithische Ausführung der Randdeckel Ölverluste in den Strömungsteil des Verdichters aus den Hohlräumen der hydrostatischen Dichtungen aus.In addition, the monolithic design of the edge covers excludes oil losses in the flow part of the compressor from the cavities of the hydrostatic seals.

Gewerbliche VerwertbarkeitCommercial usability

Am zweckmäßigsten kann der erfindungsgemäße Kreiselverdichter zur Erdgasförderung angewendet werden.The centrifugal compressor according to the invention can most suitably be used for natural gas production.

Der erfindungsgemäße Kreiselverdichter kann ferner in der chemischen Industrie verwendet werden.The centrifugal compressor according to the invention can also be used in the chemical industry.

Claims (2)

Kreiselverdichter, in dessen Gehäuse (1), das zumindest einerseits von einem Deckel (4) verdeckt ist und eine Eintrittskammer (8) sowie eine Austrittskammer (9) besitzt, ein Paket (6) von Statorelementen, das miteinander starr verbundene Zwischendeckel (10, 11, 12, 13), Diffusoren (14, 15) und umgekehrte Leitapparate (16) enthält, sowie ein Rotor (7) angeordnet sind, der mit den Statorelementen des Paketes (6) Verdichtungsstufen bildet, dadurch gekennzeich - n e t , daß jeder Zwischendeckel (10, 11, 12, 13) monolithisch ausgeführt ist.Centrifugal compressor, in its housing (1), which is covered at least on the one hand by a cover (4) and has an inlet chamber (8) and an outlet chamber (9), a package (6) of stator elements, the intermediate cover (10, 11, 12, 13), diffusers (14, 15) and inverted diffusers (16), and a rotor (7) are arranged which forms compression stages with the stator elements of the package (6), characterized in that each intermediate cover (10, 11, 12, 13) is monolithic. Kreiselverdichter, in dessen Gehäuse (1), das zumindest einerseits von einem Deckel (4) verdeckt ist und eine Eintrittskammer (8) sowie eine Austrittskammer (9) besitzt, ein Paket (6) von Statorelementen, das miteinander starr verbundene Zwischendeckel (10, 11, 12, 13) Diffusoren (14, 15) und umgekehrte Leitapparate (16) enthält, sowie ein Rotor (7) angeordnet sind, der mit den Statorelementen des Paketes (6) Verdichtungsstufen bildet, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die umgekehrten Leitapparate (16), Diffusoren (14, 15) und die Zwischendeckel (10, 11, 12, 13) in einem Stück ausgeführt sind.Centrifugal compressor, in its housing (1), which is covered at least on the one hand by a cover (4) and has an inlet chamber (8) and an outlet chamber (9), a package (6) of stator elements, the intermediate cover (10, 11, 12, 13) contains diffusers (14, 15) and inverted guide devices (16), and a rotor (7) is arranged which forms compression stages with the stator elements of the package (6), characterized in that the inverted guide devices (16 ), Diffusers (14, 15) and the intermediate cover (10, 11, 12, 13) are made in one piece.
EP19860902582 1986-02-20 1986-02-20 Centrifugal compressor. Withdrawn EP0257098A4 (en)

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PCT/SU1986/000016 WO1987005080A1 (en) 1986-02-20 1986-02-20 Centrifugal compressor

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EP0257098A1 true EP0257098A1 (en) 1988-03-02
EP0257098A4 EP0257098A4 (en) 1989-10-27

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WO1991017341A1 (en) * 1990-05-08 1991-11-14 Oy High Speed Tech Ltd. Apparatus and method for producing a high-pressure fluid used for fluid-jet cutting
EP0840016A3 (en) * 1996-10-29 1999-01-13 MANNESMANN Aktiengesellschaft Turbomachine, in particular a barrel-type compressor
DE102014216349A1 (en) * 2014-08-18 2016-02-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Suction insert for a turbo compressor, arrangement with the suction insert
EP3165772A1 (en) * 2015-11-05 2017-05-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Inner part for a turbomachine, turbomachine and method for mounting

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RU178534U1 (en) * 2017-02-02 2018-04-06 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Самарский государственный университет путей сообщения" (СамГУПС) Turbocharger

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JPS5235311A (en) * 1975-09-11 1977-03-17 Maruteinobuitsuchi Karun Igoru Multistage centrifugal compressors
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991017341A1 (en) * 1990-05-08 1991-11-14 Oy High Speed Tech Ltd. Apparatus and method for producing a high-pressure fluid used for fluid-jet cutting
EP0840016A3 (en) * 1996-10-29 1999-01-13 MANNESMANN Aktiengesellschaft Turbomachine, in particular a barrel-type compressor
DE102014216349A1 (en) * 2014-08-18 2016-02-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Suction insert for a turbo compressor, arrangement with the suction insert
WO2016026825A1 (en) * 2014-08-18 2016-02-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Suction insert for a turbo compressor, arrangement with the suction insert
EP3165772A1 (en) * 2015-11-05 2017-05-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Inner part for a turbomachine, turbomachine and method for mounting
WO2017076584A1 (en) * 2015-11-05 2017-05-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Inner part for a turbomachine, turbomachine, and method for assembly

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JPS63502679A (en) 1988-10-06
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