WO2016026825A1

WO2016026825A1 - Suction insert for a turbo compressor, arrangement with the suction insert

Info

Publication number: WO2016026825A1
Application number: PCT/EP2015/068882
Authority: WO
Inventors: Sebastian Huth; Marcus Meyer; Dieter Nass
Original assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2014-08-18
Filing date: 2015-08-18
Publication date: 2016-02-25
Also published as: DE102014216349A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a suction insert (SU) for a turbo compressor (TCO), said insert extending in an annular manner in a circumferential direction (CD) about an axis (X), comprising a flow guide (FG) which deflects a process fluid (PF) from a substantially radial flow direction into a substantially axial flow direction; a first inflow contour (IGV1) which extends in an annular manner in the circumferential direction; and a second inflow contour (IGV2) which extends in an annular manner in the circumferential direction. The first inflow contour (IGV1) and the second inflow contour (IGV2) together define the flow guide (FG), and the annular extension of the suction insert (SU) is suitable for extending a rotor (R) through the insert along the axis (X). The invention is characterized in that the suction insert (SU) is designed in an undivided manner in the circumferential direction.

Description

Suction insert for a turbo compressor, arrangement with the

suction insert

The invention relates to a suction insert for a turbo compressor, which extends annularly in a circumferential direction about an axis, comprising a flow guide, which deflects a process fluid from a substantially radial flow direction in a substantially axial flow direction, comprising a first annularly in the circumferential direction - extending inflow contour, comprising a second annularly extending in the circumferential direction Einströmkontur, wherein the first inflow contour and the second Einströmkontur define the flow guide with each other, wherein the annular extension of the suction insert suitable for

Elongation of a rotor along the axis X is.

In the context of this invention, the term axially always means the extension along a central axis, which coincides with the axis of rotation of a rotor of the compressor. Geometric terms, such as tangential, circumferential ^¬ direction or radially relate - unless otherwise stated - also on this axis.

In compressors that generate pressure differences on the order of 100 bar, a construction is often chosen that provides an inner housing or inner bundle and an outer ^¬ housing. This structural configuration is used to run the Au ^¬ ßengehäuse unsplit, so that the inner housing ^¬ may be introduced as an inner bundle axially in a hole formed as a so-called pot-shaped housing outer ^¬ housing axially rotate together with parts.

The inner housing is here in the case of Radialverdich ^¬ tern, especially in housings designed as a pot housing regularly constructed from different axially adjacent and each associated impeller so-called intermediate floors that the process fluid from the axially sucking ^¬ and radially flowing impellers comes, in a söge- called return stage from radially outward to ra ^¬ dial inward flow divert by 180 ° and axially feed the impeller of the subsequent compression stage. In a radial centrifugal compressor, the intermediate shelves, where the return stages are arranged, regularly provided with egg ^¬ ner parting line, which usually extends along the axis of rotation in a parting plane which extends in the up ^¬ alternate position most horizontal. A division of the intermediate floors is necessary in an axially undivided rotor of a centrifugal compressor for assembly reasons. The high me ^¬ chanical and partly thermal stresses on the shelves due to the gradual increase in pressure in a multistage centrifugal turbo compressors require regular LE ckagen in the parting of the shelves. Upstream of the inflow into the first impeller of the first compressor stage, an arrangement of vanes is usually provided which align or prepare the flow in a flow channel for entry into the impeller. This flow channel is called Saugein ^¬ rate in the terminology of this document and prepares the flow not only on the entry into the first impeller, but also deflects the flow of a generally radial intake through an inlet nozzle of the outer housing, in a axial flow direction. As a rule, this suction insert has a passage opening which extends coaxially with respect to the axis of rotation and on the one hand enables passage of the rotor and, on the other hand, permits a flow ^guidance coaxial with the axis of rotation. Here is common that the rotor side of the Jen Saugeinsatzes is mounted radially at a Be ^¬ trachtungsweise from the impellers of the compressor.

In this case, the so-called suction insert still has a special role, because as a rule, the inner bundle of the compressor surrounded by the intermediate bottoms, which is surrounded by the outer housing, is subjected to the compressor end pressure in the intermediate space between the outer housing and the inner bundle during normal operation. Here, the suction insert axially separates the Compressor pressure from the suction pressure in the range of

Intake in this space. The suction insert limits the inner bundle comparatively axially or can be defined as the last element of the inner bundle ending axially.

A generically with the subject invention ver ^¬ parable embodiment is known 2,024,646 Bl, for example, from EP. In FIG. 1, between the inner bundle and the outer housing, there extends an annular intermediate space which is substantially below the final pressure of the compressor. A suction insert is embodied as an intermediate floor in Wesent ^¬ union and includes - as the üb ^¬ membered shelves - in each case extending in the horizontal direction-axis along the parting joint on. Due to this parting line along the axis in the horizontal direction, a leakage Zvi ^¬'s suction pressure and the discharge pressure results there often on the suction insert. In this way, with increasing operating hours of the compressor due to erosion, this leakage increases, whereby both the efficiency and the smoothness of the compressor can be affected. In addition, the construction proposed in EP 2 024 646 B1 requires the use of materials which, with regard to their thermal expansion coefficients, largely harmonize with one another for the inner bundle, the outer housing and the other modules. Therefore, identical materials for these modules are usually USAGE ^¬ det. The assembly of the Darge in Figure 1 of this patent ^¬ presented arrangement is also problematic in the undivided in the circumferential direction during the introduction of the internal proceedings bundle usually outer housing. In this case, a so-called chess ^¬ telhalm be used, but it still comes to considerable bending moments on the inner bundle, which must often be supported by auxiliary structures, not shown, so that no damage to the inner bundle happen.

Based on the described disadvantages of the prior art, it is the object of the invention to provide a To create a suction insert and an arrangement with this suction insert that solves the problems resulting from the disadvantages. To achieve the object according to the invention a suction insert according to the above-defined type with the additional features of the characterizing portion of claim 1 provided schla ^¬ gene. In addition, an arrangement is proposed comprising these suction insert.

In the turbocompressor, for which the suction insert is determined according to the invention, it is preferably a ra ^¬ dialen turbo compressor, in which - as already described - between the individual wheels of the Verdichtungsstufen the process fluid in each case by 180 ° from the ra ^¬ dial outward flow is deflected in a radially inward flow. For this purpose, this Turbover ^¬ dense preferably formed at least two stages or more stages of ^¬, but can also be a single stage. The suction insert undivided according to the invention in the direction of contact is no longer designed in the manner of an intermediate floor divided along a plane in the direction of the axis of rotation, but fundamentally differs from the construction and the function of an intermediate floor not only in that the absorbent insert is undivided Circumferential direction is, but also by the fact that the undivided training allows the possibility of a better force from the inner bundle in the suction insert and this suction insert can deliver these forces better in the outer housing. Furthermore, according to the invention, a symmetrical deformation is also expected to sealing elements and abutment shoulders due to the Dif ^¬ ferenz pressure. The suction insert according to the invention works comparable to a cover relative to the final pressure of the compressor in the generally cylindrical outer housing. The resulting thus sealing the object of the inventive arrangement between the outer housing and the suction insert advantageously different from a sealing ^¬ task on a, for example, along the Rotation- axis extending parting line of a conventional Saugeinsat ^¬ zes, because it is possible to provide a circumferentially extending seal whose sealing effect improves as a result of an enddruckabhängigen contact pressure with increasing discharge pressure of the compressor. This seal is not exposed to particularly harsh conditions in the flow passage of the compressor au ^¬ ßerdem how each parting line of an intermediate soil, but is located radially in the housing edge regions somewhat removed from the flow passage at a joint to the exterior. These circumstances lead to a nearly hun ^¬ perst percent tightness can be made between the suction insert and the outer housing.

The suction insert is expediently equipped with guide vanes, which are located between a first inflow contour and a second inflow contour. These guide vanes can be designed to be adjustable in the sense of an adjustable ^{Eintrittsleitappara ¬} tes or be fixed as fixed vanes on a Einströmkontur or attached to both Einströmkonturen. The fixed attachment to one or both

Einströmkonturen has the particular advantage that the suction insert is additionally stiffened and any action to Sta ^¬ bilisierung of Saugeinsatzes especially in Montagepha ^¬ se can be saved. In this case, a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the guide vanes are integrally formed with the two inflow contours of the suction insert. This one-piece may be made by a material-positive connection, or by a ^¬ lösba ^¬ re mechanical connection. The one-piece design can also be produced by a production from the solid, for example ^¬ by modern machining processes or processes that act erosive, such as electro-erosion (electrodynamic machining) or spark erosion. An alternative to the production of a one-piece suction insert according to the invention is given by modern methods of "additive manufacturing", for example by selective laser melting or laser sintering. Advantageously, the invention provides an arrangement, wherein the inner beam of a compressor is integrally ^¬ arranged in an outer casing and includes an inner housing shell, the inner housing casing shell and a

Inner casing shell lower part comprises, which can be combined sealingly with contact in a shell part joint plane to the inner shell casing. Since these machines usually have a lineup with a horizontal orientation of the axis of rotation of the rotor, the shell part joint plane is also referred to as a horizontal parting plane. This Ausbil ^¬ dung or orientation of the formation is according to the invention preferably but not mandatory. Of the

Inner casing jacket or the inner bundle and the suction insert can be sealingly joined under contact in a Deckelteilfu- level. This cover part joint plane is preferred according to the invention oriented perpendicular to the shell part joint plane or substantially senk ^¬ right, as an exact vertical orientation is technically feasible only within certain tolerances. Accordingly, in this preferred arrangement, the lid part joint plane is oriented vertically.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention provides that the arrangement comprises a rotor which extends along the axis and at least one wheel ^¬ wheel, preferably carries at least two wheels. Furthermore, it is provided in this embodiment that the impeller, which is located axially furthest in the direction of a suction side, is located at least partially axially on the side of the suction insert with respect to the cover part joint plane. In other words, this means that the impeller of the first stage as the relationship ^¬ located most upstream impeller of such a multistage turbocompressor formed is located axially in the region of the Saugeinsatzes or axially protruding in the direction of Saueinsatzes from the inner bundle.

Furthermore, it is expedient if not only this first impeller in whole or in part in the suction insert beyond the In the case of the gänzli ^¬ chen arrangement of the first impeller in the axial region of the suction insert and the downstream of the first impeller be ^¬ sensitive feedback stage is wholly or partially in the axial region of the suction insert itself.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the suction insert of the arrangement according to the invention has three supports and the inner bundle of this arrangement is provided with three projections, which are supported on the three supports of the absorbent insert against gravity and against Verdre ^¬ hen against each other in stock so that ei ^¬ ne thermal differential expansion can take place between the suction liner and the inner bundle without causing an offset alignment of the two components with respect to a nominal position to the axis or axis of rotation.

The connection possibility for mounting a bearing for the storage of a rotor is particularly expediently provided on the suction insert according to the invention. Accordingly, it makes sense ^¬ full if the inventive arrangement additionally comprises a La ^¬ ger, which is attached to the sowing insert and the ra ^¬ dialen and / or axial support of the rotor is used. This bearing may be an oil bearing or a different type of bearing, such as a magnetic bearing or a combination of different bearing types.

In the following, the invention with reference to a special Aus ^¬ leadership example with reference to drawings described in more detail. In addition to the exemplary embodiment, it is also possible for the person skilled in the art to make other combinations of the features disclosed here. In particular, the person skilled in the art can use all claimed features in any combination without specific claim reference for this combination - as far as this is technically meaningful - according to the invention for use. Show it: Figure 1: shows a schematic longitudinal section through an inventive arrangement with a suction insert invention ^shown SEN,

Figure 2: shows a three dimensional representation of a inventions dungsmäßen Saugeinsatzes with a part of an inner ^¬ bundle of an inventive arrangement of a designated in Figure 1 by II viewing direction. Figures 1 and 2 each show schematic representations of an inventive arrangement A with parts of a turbocompressor TCO comprising a suction insert SU according to the invention in a schematic representation. The turbocompressor TCO is shown only in terms of the components essential to the invention. These we ^¬ essential modules include the suction insert SU, the inner beam IB, the rotor R with a first impeller IMP1 and a second impeller IMP2, wherein the rotor R extends along an axis X. Furthermore, an outer housing OC, a Wel ^¬ lendichtung SHS and a first radial bearing BEA at two different positions (BEA, BEA) are shown as an alternative to each other. 2 shows a compilation of invention ^shown SEN Saugeinsatzes SU with an inner housing shell base IEL an inner housing shell ICE of the inner beam IB dreidi ^¬ dimensionally schematically from the perspective, as indicated in Figure 1 by II-II.

The suction insert SU comprises a first inflow contour IGV1 and a second inflow contour IGV2 defining therebetween a flow channel or a flow guide FG for diverting a process fluid PF from a substantially radial inflow direction into a substantially axial feed to the first impeller IMP1 first compression stage. The two flow contours IGV1, IGV2 are interconnected by means of vanes VA, the guide Blades VA in a manner not shown may be designed to be movable or fixed. For fixed guide vanes VA, the first flow contour IGV1, the second flow contour IGV2 and the guide vanes VA are preferably formed integrally with one another. In this case, the guide vanes VA can be releasably attached to the two flow contours IGV1, IGV2 or cohesively. A stoffschlüs ^¬ SiGe fastening the vane VA to the flow contours IGV1 and / or IGV2 can follow ER by means of welding or gluing, or these components may also be prepared in one piece as a common component, for example by machining from solid or erosive machining from In addition to the guide vanes VA, stiffening ribs SRP may be provided for stiffening the connection between the first flow contour IGV1 and the second flow contour IGV2, which are preferably radially and axially at certain circumferential positions in the radial direction An important function of the stiffening ribs SRP can also be the - preferably radial - flow guidance.

The process fluid PF reaches the suction insert SU through an opening in the outer housing OC, which is provided with a suction nozzle SUF. The outer housing OC is substantially at least partially formed as a cylindrical shell and is axially closed by means of a cover COV. Preferably, the suction insert SU is movably mounted in such that a concentric see position to the axis X is ensured, and simultaneously the suction insert SU under various temperature conditions has the opportunity in the outer casing OC by a three ^¬ point bearing relative to the outer casing OC or the corresponding cover to move COV namely to stretch or shrink, with a centralized target position to the rotation axis should not be lost. This three-point bearing of the suction insert SU can be provided according to a preferred embodiment between the inner bundle IB and the suction insert SU, as shown in FIG. 2 is shown. There is the inner bundle IB with three

Formations IBS supported on three supports SUB of the suction insert SU against gravity and against rotation against each other so stored, so that a thermal relative ^¬ stretching is possible without causing an alignment ^¬ offset of the two components with respect to the desired position to de axis X is coming.

A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that in the suction insert SU and the lower portion of the Innengehäu ^¬ ses each have three grooves in which 3 guide pieces are inserted, which preferably attached in the suction insert who ^¬ . In this way, the pairings of recesses and formations for the purpose of three-point storage can be made appropriate.

Preferably, the suction set SU is guided concentrically by means of the three-point bearing radially and axially is the Saugein set SU to a contact shoulder in the outer casing OC. If possible, the outer housing OC and the Saugein ^¬ set SU have identical expansion coefficients and to avoid leaks at intervening seals.

Preferably, and as also shown in FIG. 2, the inner casing casing lower part IEL of the inner casing ICE of the inner bundle IB is mounted in this way on the suction insert SU.

The suction insert SU is undivided in the circumferential direction, so that the suction insert SU has no parting line extending in an axial direction. Therefore, the rotor R has to be passed along the axis X through the sucker insert SU through a central opening CBH. On the other side of the passage of the rotor R, the rotor R is mounted in a bearing BEA at least radially or radially and axially. This bearing BEA may be buildin ^¬ Untitled to the cover COV of the outer casing OC. According to another embodiment - shown as a dashed line in FIG. 1 as an option - the alternative bearing BEA can be attached directly to the suction insert SU. This alternative bearing can in particular also be exclu ^¬ Lich provided for assembly purposes, so that after the movement of the rotor into the end position and optionally further Mon ^¬ daily steps for the regular operation, the actual bearing ((here BEA)) is applied. Adjacent to the bearing BEA or the alternate bearing BEA a shaft seal SHS, which can be diverted to the cover COV of Außengehäu ^¬ ses OC or also directly to the suction insert SU either.

The undivided suction insert SU is in a sealing engagement with a radially inwardly projecting abutment shoulder OCS of the outer housing OC with its own radial projection, which results in the counter bearing for a static, circumferentially extending seal STS. Since the suction insert SU bears the axial thrust resulting from the final pressure of the compressor, the static seal STS is under an axial contact pressure increasing the sealing effect with increasing final pressure of the compression.

Unlike the suction insert SU are feedback stages RS1 of the inner beam or the inner housing ICE in a parting plane, extending axially and radially and be ^¬ vorzugt substantially in the plane of the axis X is located and particularly preferably in the final formation of the turbocompressor TCO a horizontal extension divided, so that a separate mounting of an inner housing lower part IEL from dividing the feedback stages RRS1 and the

Inner housing upper part IEO is possible, wherein in the finished assembled inner housing lower part IEL, the rotor R is inserted and in combination with the inner housing upper part IEO the finished inner beam IB is formed. The recirculation step, by de ^¬ nen in the figure 1, only the rear stage RRS1 is exemplified received from the impellers IMP1, IMP2 each downstream process fluid PF and direct this radially 180 ° around, so that in a further 90 ° deflections the process fluid PF the subsequent compression stage can be axially ^¬ leads. Another task of the return stages RRS1 is to seal the impeller IMP1, IMP2 by means of a labyrinth seal LAB to the stationary component of the inner beam IB against the respective differential pressure of the current compression stage.

Claims

claims

Suction insert (SU) for a turbocompressor (TCO), which extends annularly in a circumferential direction (CD) about an axis (X), comprising a Strömungsfüh ^¬ tion (FG), a process fluid (PF) from a substantially Radial ^¬ Deflects flow direction in a substantially axial flow direction, comprising a first annularly extending in the circumferential direction Einströmkontur (IGV1),

comprising a second annularly extending in the circumferential direction Einströmkontur (IGV2),

wherein the first inflow contour (IGV1) and the second inflow contour (IGV2) define with each other the flow guide (FG), wherein the annular extension of the suction insert (SU) is suitable for the passage of a rotor (R) along the axis (X),

characterized in that

the suction insert (SU) is undivided in the circumferential direction.

Suction insert (SU) according to claim 1,

wherein guide vanes (VA) of the suction insert (SU) are arranged between the first inflow contour (IGV1) and the second inflow contour (IGV2).

Suction insert (SU) according to claim 2,

wherein the first flow contour (IGV1), the second flow contour (IGV2) and the vanes (VA) together form a one-piece component. Arrangement (A) with a suction insert (SU) according to one of claims 1-3,

further comprising an inner bundle (IB) for arrangement in an outer housing (OC),

wherein the inner bundle (IB) a

Inner casing (ICC) comprises,

wherein the inner housing jacket (ICE) a

Inner shell jacket shell (IEU) and one

Inner casing shell lower part (IEL) includes, which can be sealed with contact in a shell part joint plane (SPE) to the inner shell casing (ICC), wherein the inner casing casing (ICC) and the Saugein ^¬ set (SU) under contact in a Deckelteilfugen- level (SPC ) can be sealed together.

Arrangement (A) according to claim 4,

wherein the shell part joint plane (SPE) and the cover part joint plane (SPC) are arranged substantially perpendicular to each other.

Arrangement (A) according to claim 4 or 5,

wherein the suction insert (SU) is provided on the inner bundle (IB) facing side with a centering, so that in an assembled state, the inner bundle and the suction insert to the axis (X) of the suction insert (SU) in a desired position are located.

Arrangement (A) according to claim 4, 5 or 6,

wherein the suction insert (SU) is provided with a seal (SEA) on the side facing the inner bundle (IB) such that in an assembled state, the inner bundle (IB) and the absorbent insert (SU) are in sealing engagement with one another. Arrangement (A) according to one of claims 4 to 7,

the arrangement comprising a rotor (R) extending along the axis (X) and carrying at least one impeller (IMP1, IMP2),

wherein the impeller (IMP1) that is axially furthest in the direction of a suction side (SUS), at least partially axially on the side of the Saugeinsat ^¬ zes (SU) with respect to the lid part joint plane (SPC) befin det.

Arrangement (A) according to claim 8,

wherein the impeller (IMP1) that extends axially on the white is and ^¬ test in the direction of the suction side (SUS) is to fully axially on the side of Saugeinsatzes (SU) with respect to the lid parting plane (SPC) comprises a (in the direction of a printed page PRS) to the impeller (IMP1) axially furthest in the direction of the suction side (SUS)

Return stage (RRS) is at least partially axially on the side of the suction insert (SU) with respect to the cover ^¬ parting plane (SPC).

10. Arrangement (A) according to any one of claims 4 to 9,

wherein the inner bundle with three projections (IBS) on three supports (SUB) of the suction insert (SU) against the gravitational force and against rotation against each other supported in stock so that a thermal relative expansion is made possible without it to a Ausrich ^¬ tion offset of the two components with respect to the desired position to the axis (X) comes.