EP0254524B1 - Réglage pour compresseur de gaz - Google Patents

Réglage pour compresseur de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0254524B1
EP0254524B1 EP19870306423 EP87306423A EP0254524B1 EP 0254524 B1 EP0254524 B1 EP 0254524B1 EP 19870306423 EP19870306423 EP 19870306423 EP 87306423 A EP87306423 A EP 87306423A EP 0254524 B1 EP0254524 B1 EP 0254524B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
pressure
gas compressor
clearance volume
compressor apparatus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19870306423
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0254524A3 (en
EP0254524A2 (fr
Inventor
William James Bentinck Swinton-Clarke
Jeremy James Durrant
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honeywell UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Bendix Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bendix Ltd filed Critical Bendix Ltd
Publication of EP0254524A2 publication Critical patent/EP0254524A2/fr
Publication of EP0254524A3 publication Critical patent/EP0254524A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0254524B1 publication Critical patent/EP0254524B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/16—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by adjusting the capacity of dead spaces of working chambers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to gas compressors and relates more especially but not exclusively to piston and cylinder air compressors in which the ultimate pressure of the delivered compressed air is limited by operation of an unloader valve.
  • the compressor In the GB-A-1334394 it has been proposed to limit the output pressure of a compressor by introducing additional clearance volume.
  • the compressor In a particular example of a compressor in which the delivered pressure is limited by added clearance volume, the compressor is provided with an unloader valve having a pressure responsive control member subject to delivered pressure.
  • the control member is biassed by the force of a spring so that the unloader valve remains closed until a pre-determined pressure is reached, it acts on the pressure responsive member to unseat the unloader valve and thereby add a small volume to the clearance volume above the head of the compressor piston.
  • the unloader valve may be so sensitive as to open and close for small fluctuations of the delivered pressure. Indeed, the valve may tend to open and close for each cycle of the compressor piston at times when the delivered pressure is at or near the pre-determined value.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved Gas Compressor apparatus in which the aforementioned shortcomings are reduced.
  • gas compressor apparatus comprising a compression member which reciprocates in a compression chamber having, a head assembly with a first main portion and a second cover portion which is seperable from said first main portion, said head assembly including an inlet valve, a delivery valve an additional clearance volume and an unloader valve having pressure responsive valve actuating means and a stem and the unloader valve being urged by a spring bias into engagement with a valve seat in a passage between said compression chamber and said additional clearance volume said unloader valve when closed isolating the additional clearance volume from said compression chamber and enabling said compression member alternately to induce gas through said inlet valve and to compress said induced gas to a desired pressure for delivery through said delivery valve to a receiver and said unloader valve when opened by the actuating means acting on said stem against the spring bias in response to a control signal serving to interrupt the said delivery by connecting said additional clearance volume to said compression chamber characterised in that said valve seat is formed in an inner surface of the said compression chamber and the actuating means comprise a pressure responsive member
  • a reciprocating piston air compressor has a cylinder a fragment of which is indicated at reference 1, having a bore 2 and a piston 3 sealingly slideable therein.
  • the cylinder 1 is provided with a valve plate 4 with delivery and inlet valves 4b and 4a together with a cylinder head assembly comprising a first main portion 5 and a second cover portion 6 which is separable from 5 for ease of manufacture, assembly and subsequent maintenance of a further poppet valve denoted by reference 7 which operaters as an unloader valve.
  • the cylinder head has an induction chamber 8 communicating with a compression chamber 9 above the piston via the inlet valve 4a and delivered air under pressure from the region 9 passes through the delivery valve 4b to a delivery port 10 for supplying to a receiver comprising a storage reservoir 11.
  • the pressure stored in the reservoir 11 is communicated via a pipe 12 to utilisation means such as a brake system.
  • the pressure in the line 12 is sensed by a governer device 13 which typically is a governer type D2 as marketted by Applicant and described for example in their Technical Pamphlet 4/002.
  • a pressure signal is derivable from the governer 13 on attainment of a preset pressure in the receiver and connected to a control input port 14 which communicates with a first larger area 15 of pressure responsive actuating means comprising a stepped piston 16 with seals 17 and 18.
  • the region between seals 17 and 18 is vented via a small passage 26 (shown dotted) to atmosphere.
  • the opposing face 19 of the piston 16 is engageable with inward end 20 of a stem 7a of the unloader valve 7 which is located in a valve guide 21 and has a head 22 engageable with a seat 23 formed in the cylinder head portion 5 and therefore is formed in the inner surface of the compression chamber 9.
  • the valve 7 is biassed into the closed position shown by a frusto-conical spring 24 acting between the guide 21 and a collet 25 retained on the stem by a suitable circlip or cotter 29 in an annular groove.
  • a frusto-conical spring 24 acting between the guide 21 and a collet 25 retained on the stem by a suitable circlip or cotter 29 in an annular groove.
  • an additional clearance volume 27 which communicates via apertures 28 in the valve guide 21 and unseated valve 7, with the region 9 above the piston.
  • the area presented by the head 22 of the valve to the pressure in the region 9 lies between the area of 19 and the area of 15.
  • the compressor apparatus operates in a conventional manner drawing air in via induction chamber 8 and delivering compressed air via the delivery port 10 into the storage volume of the reservoir 11, chosen in accordance with the utilisation means; and upon attainment of a selected pressure the governer device 13 applies a pressure signal to the control port 14.
  • the pressure delivered by the governer approximates to the pressure in the reservoir and this acts on the first upper area 15 of the piston 16 to thereby urge the valve member against the action of spring 24 and the pressure in chamber 9 which acts on the area of 22, such that the valve is rapidly unseated. Opening of this further valve connects the extra clearance volume provided by region 27 with the volume of the chamber 9.
  • the volume of 27 is approximately twenty times the minimum volume of chamber 9, typically 100 cubic centimetres.
  • the maximum pressure attained in the chamber 9 immediately drops to a value which is appreciably less than the former delivery pressure and pressure in the reservoir 11, so that the compressor now ceases to deliver compressed air. There is then a cyclic pressure fluctuation accompanied by flow of air backwards and forwards via the unseated valve 22 between the regions 9 and 27 as the piston 3 cyclicly varies the volume 9.
  • the valve 7 remains unseated as the pressure fluctuations acting upon the smaller area of the piston 16 are insufficient to move the piston against the control pressure acting on the larger area thereof.
  • Fig. 2 A modification of the arrangement of Fig. 1, designed to reduce or prevent such valve chatter, is illustrated in Fig. 2 in which corresponding passages, ports, volumes and components are given the same reference numerals as those of Fig. 1.
  • the main additional feature of Fig. 2 resides in that the pressure responsive actuator means comprises a piston 36 which is of extended length in its upper portion.
  • Piston 36 is provided with two 'O' ring seals 37 and 38.
  • the signal passage from the control signal input port 14 now communicates via an annular region 40 between seals 37 and 28 and a choked flow passage 39 in the piston with the upper area 41 of the extended piston.
  • the portion of the piston 36 which carries the seal 38 has a somewhat reduced diameter compared with the area 15 of piston 16 of Fig. 1 and the portion of piston 36 which carries seal 37, in order that it may conveniently be accommodated in a bore 43 formed in a screwed-in closure cap 42 which therefore needs to be of no greater diameter than the closure cap of Fig. 1.
  • the pressure in reservoir 11 attains a pressure value which is sensed by the governer 13 as being the preset normal operating pressure for the system which is supplied by the reservoir, the governer 13 communicates a control pressure to port 14.
  • the pressure applied to the piston 36 may be subject to a progressive increase but since this is applied via choked passage 39 a small volume exists above the area 41 of the piston which, with choked passage 39, is effective to damp the effects of pulsating flow through the valve 7, when the valve is being unseated.
  • Chatter of the head 22 of the valve 7 against its seat 23 is, therefore, substantially prevented or reduced.
  • the volume of air above the piston area 41 again serves to act against the valve 7, until a sufficient pressure reduction occurs to enable the valve to close completely against its seat 23 under the actyion of spring 24, assisted finally by an upward compression stroke of the compressor piston.
  • the poppet unloader valve is operated by an actuating piston which is aligned with and above it whereas for some applications the additional height requirement imposed by the presence of such an actuating piston may be unacceptable.
  • the cylinder head assembly height requirement for accommodating the actuating piston may be further reduced by locating the actuating piston alongside the valve, rather than above it and arranging a suitable rocker arm linkage between them.
  • the cylinder head assembly comprises a valve plate 4, a first main part 63 and a cover part 64.
  • the actuator now comprises a piston 66 sealingly slideable in a cylindrical bore 67 formed in the part 68 of the cylinder head assembly and alongside the poppet valve 7.
  • the piston 66 is similar to piston 36 of Fig. 2 and the portion including the choked passage 68 includes a recess 72 for a light spring 73 and is sealingly slideable in a suitable plug 69, which closes the lower end of the cylinder 67.
  • a rocker 70 is pivotted on a spindle 71 captive in the cylinder head such that upward movement of the piston 66 acts through the rocker arm 70 against the upper end of the stem 7a of the valve 7 whereby the valve 7 is operable in the same way as described previously, upon application of a governer signal to an annular region 64.
  • Spring 73 prevents unnecessary rattle.
  • An advantage of unloading a compressor by means such as provided by the invention is that of a compact assembly. Oil carryover from the compression chamber of the compressor may be minimised by maintaining pressure above the piston 3 even when the compressor is "off load” and this is now rendered achievable in a practical way by the features by which the invention is defined in the foregoing. Compressor cooling waterways, air passages and volumes can be accomodated without an undesirably bulky construction.
  • the governer may if desired be incorporated on the cylinder head or even in part integrated with the actuating means of the poppet unloader valve.
  • the control signal which operates the actuating means may as an alternative be other than a fluid pressure signal, for example, an electrical signal to operate electrical signal responsive actuator means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Appareil compresseur de gaz comprenant un organe compresseur (3) mobile en va-et-vient dans une chambre de compression (9) comprenant un ensemble de tête avec une première partie principale (5) et une deuxième partie de couvercle (6) qui est séparable de la première partie principale, cet ensemble de tête comprenant un clapet d'admission (4a), un clapet de refoulement (4b), un volume libre additionnel (27) et une soupape de déchargement (7) associée à des moyens d'actionnement (16; 36; 66) de soupape sensible à la pression et une tige (7a), la soupape de déchargement étant chargée par un ressort (24) contre un siège de soupape (23) dans un passage situé entre ladite chambre de compression (9) et ladite volume libre additionnel (27), ladite soupape de déchargement, lorsqu'elle est formée, isolent le volume libre additionnel (27) de la chambre de compression (9) et autorisant ledit organe compresseur (3) alternativement à aspirer du gaz à travers ledit clapet d'admission (4a) et à comprimer le gaz admis jusqu'à une pression désirée ou le refouler à travers ledit clapet de refoulement (4b) vers un récepteur (11), et ladite soupape de déchargement (7), lorsqu'elle est ouverte par les moyens d'actionnement (16 ; 36 ; 66) agissant sur ladite tige (7a) contre la charge du ressort en réponse à un signal de commande qui sert à interrompre ledit refoulement par une mise en connection du volume libre additionnel (27) et de la chambre de compression (9), caractérisé en ce que ledit siège de soupape (23) est formé sur une surface interne de ladite chambre de compression (9) et en ce que les moyens d'actionnement comprennent un organe sensible à la pression (16; 36; 66) qui est agencé de manière à présenter une première surface sensible à un signal de pression à un orifice de commande (14) et venu d'un dispositif régulateur (13) qui détecte l'apparition d'une pression préréglée dans le récepteur (11) pour déplacer ladite soupape de déchargement (7) vers l'intérieur de la chambre de compression (9) contre la charge du ressort (24), et en ce que ledit organe d'actionnement sensible à la pression présente une deuxième surface plus petite soumise à la pression dans le volume libre additionnel (27) et est séparé de la soupape de déchargement (7) tout on étant en fonctionnement connecté à celle-ci.
  2. Appareil compresseur de gaz conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens d'actionnement de soupape (16; 36; 66) et le volume libre additionnel (27) sont contenus par lesdites parties de l'ensemble de tête et ladite soupape de déchargement (7) lorsqu'elle est formée
  3. Appareil compresseur de gaz conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la soupape de déchargement (7) présente une tête circulaire (22) avec une surface de siège annulaire incurvée, ledit siège de soupape (23) étant un siège tronconique propre à recevoir ladite tête.
  4. Appareil compresseur de gaz conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la tige (7a) s'étend axialement à partir de la tête (22) à travers un guide de soupape (21) disposé dans la première partie (5), ledit guide de soupape (21) étant muni de passages de fluide (28) disposés autour de ladite tige (7a).
  5. Appareil compresseur de gaz conforme à la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit organe sensible à la pression (16, 36) est disposé dans ladite deuxième partie (6) et est axialement aligné avec ladite tige (7a).
  6. Appareil compresseur de gaz conforme à la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit organe sensible à la pression (66) est disposé dans ledit ensemble de tête pour faire fonctionner ladite soupape (7) de déchargement par l'intermédiaire d'un bras basculant articulé (70).
  7. Appareil compresseur de gaz conforme aux revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit organe sensible à la pression est un piston (16) présentant une première surface (15) relativement grande, sensible à la pression et soumise audit signal de commande de pression de fluide et une deuxième surface opposée relativement petite, soumise à la pression de fluide dans ledit volume libre additionnel, ladite soupape de déchargement étant actionnée mécaniquement par ledit piston.
  8. Appareil compresseur de gaz conforme à la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ledit actionneur comprend un piston présentant une première surface soumise à des changements de pression de commande à un orifice de pression de commande (14) et une autre surface en communication avec ladite première surface à travers un passage étranglé (39), et une troisième surface opposée relativement petite soumise à la pression dans le volume libre additionnel (27), ladite soupape de déchargement étant mécaniquement actionnée par ledit piston.
EP19870306423 1986-07-25 1987-07-20 Réglage pour compresseur de gaz Expired EP0254524B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8618155 1986-07-25
GB868618155A GB8618155D0 (en) 1986-07-25 1986-07-25 Gas compressor apparatus

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0254524A2 EP0254524A2 (fr) 1988-01-27
EP0254524A3 EP0254524A3 (en) 1988-08-17
EP0254524B1 true EP0254524B1 (fr) 1992-12-16

Family

ID=10601661

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870306423 Expired EP0254524B1 (fr) 1986-07-25 1987-07-20 Réglage pour compresseur de gaz

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0254524B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3783092T2 (fr)
GB (1) GB8618155D0 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10670007B2 (en) 2016-04-07 2020-06-02 Knorr-Bremse Systeme Fuer Nutzfahrzeuge Gmbh Compressor having an energy saving apparatus, and method for relieving the compressor

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8712538D0 (en) * 1987-05-28 1987-07-01 Bendix Ltd Gas compressor apparatus
GB8807716D0 (en) * 1988-03-31 1988-05-05 Bendix Ltd Gas compressors
DE19909915A1 (de) * 1999-03-06 2000-09-07 Deutz Ag Geräuschoptimierter Luftpresser
DE102008005429A1 (de) * 2008-01-22 2009-07-23 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Kompressor und Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Kompressors zur Druckluftversorgung eines Nutzfahrzeugs
DE102008005435A1 (de) 2008-01-22 2009-07-23 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Kompressor mit einer Energiesparvorrichtung und Verfahren zum energiesparenden Betreiben eines Kompressors
US9651040B2 (en) * 2014-04-28 2017-05-16 Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems Llc Unloader valve apparatus for an air compressor

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB256530A (en) * 1925-10-10 1926-08-12 Ingersoll Rand Co Improvement in fluid compressor unloaders
US2241195A (en) * 1939-01-10 1941-05-06 Cooper Bessemer Corp Compressor unloading mechanism
US2594815A (en) * 1945-06-04 1952-04-29 Broom & Wade Ltd Unloader for sleeve valve gas compressors
DE2918482A1 (de) * 1979-05-08 1980-11-13 Wabco Fahrzeugbremsen Gmbh Regelung von drucklufterzeugeranlagen
US4384826A (en) * 1981-05-04 1983-05-24 Tenneco, Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling communication with a compressor unloader chamber
DE3324477A1 (de) * 1983-03-05 1984-09-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Druckluftanlage von fahrzeugen, insbesondere druckluftbremsanlage

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10670007B2 (en) 2016-04-07 2020-06-02 Knorr-Bremse Systeme Fuer Nutzfahrzeuge Gmbh Compressor having an energy saving apparatus, and method for relieving the compressor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3783092D1 (de) 1993-01-28
EP0254524A3 (en) 1988-08-17
EP0254524A2 (fr) 1988-01-27
GB8618155D0 (en) 1986-09-03
DE3783092T2 (de) 1993-07-01

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