EP0335716B1 - Compresseurs de gaz - Google Patents

Compresseurs de gaz Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0335716B1
EP0335716B1 EP19890303153 EP89303153A EP0335716B1 EP 0335716 B1 EP0335716 B1 EP 0335716B1 EP 19890303153 EP19890303153 EP 19890303153 EP 89303153 A EP89303153 A EP 89303153A EP 0335716 B1 EP0335716 B1 EP 0335716B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
delivery
delivery port
compressor
gas compressor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19890303153
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0335716A1 (fr
Inventor
Michael C. Christmas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honeywell UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Bendix Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bendix Ltd filed Critical Bendix Ltd
Publication of EP0335716A1 publication Critical patent/EP0335716A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0335716B1 publication Critical patent/EP0335716B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/16—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by adjusting the capacity of dead spaces of working chambers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to gas compressors and relates more especially but not exclusively to piston and cylinder air compressors in which the ultimate pressure of the delivered compressed air is limited by introducing additional clearance volume.
  • a clearance volume is formed in a delivery passage of the compressor and a controllable composite delivery valve is switchable from a normal delivery valve mode to a mode in which the clearance volume is directly connected to the compression chamber.
  • a compressor may conveniently be supplied with air from a turbo charger.
  • air dryer between the compressor and reservoirs to be charged with compressed air.
  • Such air dryers are rechargeable by controlled purging from time to time with dry air and this usually involves temporary venting during intervals when the compressor is unloaded.
  • a gas compressor having a piston which reciprocates in a cylinder alternately to induce gas into a compression chamber via an inlet valve and to compress induced gas for delivery via a delivery valve to a delivery port and unloading valve means operable in response to a control signal to change from a normal unoperated state to an operated state in which the compression chamber is connected thereby to an additional clearance volume whilst disconnecting it from the delivery ports for interrupting delivery of the compressed gas when a predetermined delivered gas pressure is attained characterised in that the inlet valve, the delivery valve and the unloading valve means are contained in a cylinder head assembly of the compressor said unloading valve means comprising an unloader valve and a further valve between the delivery valve and the delivery port and said additional clearance volume comprises a discrete volume which for the normal inoperative state of the unloading valve means is separate from the delivery valve and the delivery port.
  • Said further valve is preferably operable by the same control signal as said unloader valve.
  • Said additional clearance volume is preferably included within said cylinder head assembly.
  • Said additional clearance volume may be arranged to be connected with a volume which exists between the delivery valve and the further valve when the further valve is closed.
  • a reciprocating piston air compressor has a cylinder indicated at reference 1, having a bore 2 and a piston 3 sealingly slideable therein.
  • the cylinder 1 is provided with a valve plate 4 with delivery and inlet valves 4a and 4b together with a cylinder head assembly comprising a main portion 5 and a cover portion 6 which is separable from 5 for ease of manufacture, assembly and subsequent maintenance of an unloader valve in the form of a poppet valve denoted by reference 7.
  • the cylinder head has an induction chamber 8 communicating air from an inlet port (not shown) to a region 9 above the piston via the inlet valve 4b. Delivered air under pressure from the region 9 passes through the delivery valve 4a to a delivery port 10 for supplying compressed air via an air dryer 11.
  • the air dryer 11 has a purge volume 11a which receives dry air and dry air is also supplied via pipe 12 to utilisation means such as reservoirs of a brake system.
  • the pressure in the line 12 is sensed by a governer device 13 which as will be seen later applies an unload signal to the compressor and a purge signal to the air dryer.
  • the governer device is typically a governer type D2 as marketed by Applicant and described in their Technical Pamphlet 4/002.
  • the compressor cylinder head portion 6 has a control input port 14 which communicates with the larger area 15 of a sealingly slideable stepped piston 16 with seals 17 and 18. An annular region between seals 17 and 18 is vented via a small passage 26 to atmosphere. An opposing face 19 of the piston 16 is engageable with an inward end 20 of a stem 7a of the unloader valve 7 which is located in a valve guide 21 and has a head 22 engageable with a seat 23 formed in the cylinder head portion 5.
  • the valve head 22 is, therefore, located in the compression chamber formed by region 9 and the area presented by the head 22 of the valve to the pressure in the region 9 lies between the area of 19 and the area of 15.
  • valve 7 is biassed into the closed position shown by a frusto-conical spring 24 acting between the guide 21 and a collet 25 retained on the stem in an annular groove by a suitable circlip or cotter 29.
  • a frusto-conical spring 24 acting between the guide 21 and a collet 25 retained on the stem in an annular groove by a suitable circlip or cotter 29.
  • the passage 15 referred to above also communicates with the right hand end of a piston 29 carrying seals 30 slideable in a bore 31 which is axially aligned with the delivery port 10.
  • Delivery port 10 is formed by a threaded insert 33 of the cylinder head assembly the inner end 32 of which insert is abuttable by an enlarged end 34 of of piston 29 in the manner of a further valve.
  • Piston 29 is guided to achieve this by a tubular rod-like extension 35 freely slideable in a guide 36 of insert 33.
  • a spring 37 is provided as shown to urge the piston 29 into the position shown rendering the further valve normally open for delivery of compressed air.
  • the bore 38 of tubular rod-like extension 35 communicates with the annular space between seals 30 of piston 29.
  • the threaded insert 33 permits convenient insertion or removal of the further valve 34 as may be required for servicing thereof.
  • the air dryer 11 may now be briefly explained and suffice it to observe that 11 comprises a main body 41 having an input port connected to receive air from delivery port 10.
  • the delivered compressed air follows the direction as illustrated by solid arrows up around the inner surface of a desiccant cannister 42 and down through a body 43 of granular desiccant to the purge chamber 11a and also via a check valve 44 to the line 12 for charging reservoirs (not shown).
  • a purge valve 45 is provided in main body 41 and when this receives a control signal from governor 13, dry air stored in purge volume 11a is metered back through the desiccant in the direction of the broken arrows to atmosphere through valve 45.
  • the operation of such air dryers is well known and does not require to be described further except to observe that one result of such purge valve action can be to cause the pressure at the delivery port 10 of the compressor to descend towards atmospheric pressure.
  • the compressor operates in a conventional manner drawing air in via induction chamber 8 and delivering compressed air via the delivery port 10 into air dryer 11 and volume 11a.
  • the governer device 13 Upon attainment of a selected pressure the governer device 13 applies a pressure signal to the control port 14.
  • the pressure delivered by the governer approximates to the pressure in the mentioned reservoirs and this acts on the upper surface of the piston 16 to thereby urge the unloader valve member 7 against the action of spring 24, and the pressure in chamber 9 acts on the area of 22, such that the unloader valve is rapidly unseated. Opening of this valve connects the extra clearance volume, provided by region 27, directly to the volume of the chamber 9.
  • the volume of 27 is approximately twenty times the minimum volume of chamber 9, typically 100 cubic centimetres.
  • the pressure signal applied by governor device 13 to port 14 is also applied to the air dryer purge valve 45 so that the compressed air pressure in the air dryer main body 41 collapses rapidly towards atmospheric pressure and metered purging commences of the desiccant 43 by dry air from volume 11a.
  • the control pressure at port 14 at commencement of unloading and purging is also communicated via passage 15 to the right hand side of the piston 29. Because the left hand side of member 34, being communicated via port 10 with the air dryer body 41, is now subject to near-atmospheric pressure the piston 29 can rapidly move from the position shown and into substantial sealing engagement with the inner end of insert 33. Member 34 is then held in that position against the action of spring 37 by the pressure on its annular right hand side and the pressure in line 15. This has the result of isolating from the delivery port 10 and the air dryer body 41, the region between the delivery valve 4a and the delivery port. The trapped pressure in the additional volume 27 is thereby not vented via the delivery valve 4a and delivery port 10, the air dryer purge valve. The air dryer is thereby able to be purged in a normal manner without adversely affecting the advantageous features of compressor unloading provided by an unloader valve 22, 23 and so called "dead volume" 27. Turbo charger pressure drop is also prevented.
  • the compressor is supplied via a turbo charger it may be desirable to reduce the pressure which is trapped in the "dead volume" 27, when the compressor is unloaded, to a level less than that which would otherwise be present.
  • This can readily be achieved by connecting the dead volume 27 via a suitable passage of the cylinder head to the region between the further valve and the delivery valve.
  • a suitable passage is shown by reference 47 and it will also be seen that this can readily be closed by closure means carried by the piston 34 in the normally operating position.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Compresseur de gaz comportant un piston (3) qui est animé d'un mouvement de va-et-vient dans un cylindre (1) afin d'introduire du gaz dans une chambre de compression par l'intermédiaire d'une valve d'admission (4b) et de comprimer le gaz introduit pour l'évacuer, par l'intermédiaire d'une valve de décharge (4a), vers un orifice d'évacuation (10), et un ensemble à valve de décharge susceptible d'être actionné en réponse à un signal de contrôle afin de commuter d'un état normal de non-fonctionnement à un état de fonctionnement dans lequel la chambre de compression est connectée de cette façon à un espace mort supplémentaire (27) tout en étant déconnectée des orifices d'évacuation afin d'interrompre la décharge du gaz comprimé, lorsqu'une pression de gaz déchargé prédéterminée est atteinte, caractérisé en ce que la valve d'admission, la valve d'évacuation et l'ensemble à valve de décharge (7, 14) sont contenus dans un dispositif de tête de cylindre du compresseur, cet ensemble à valve de décharge comportant une soupape de décharge (7) et une valve supplémentaire entre la valve d'évacuation et l'orifice d'évacuation, et ledit espace mort supplémentaire comporte un petit volume (27) qui, dans l'état de non-fonctionnement normal des moyens de décharge de valve, est séparé de la valve d'évacuation (7a) et de l'orifice d'évacuation (10).
2. Compresseur de gaz selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit espace mort supplémentaire est contenu dans le dispositif de tête de cylindre.
3. Compresseur de gaz selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite valve supplémentaire comporte un élément de valve (34) susceptible de se déplacer selon l'axe de l'orifice d'évacuation (10) pour venir en contact d'étanchéité avec une surface annulaire (32).
4. Compresseur de gaz selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit orifice d'évacuation (10) présente un guide axial (36) pour une partie (35) de ladite valve supplémentaire.
5. Compresseur de gaz selon la revendication 3 ou 4, dans lequel ledit signal de contrôle est un signal de pression de fluide, et caractérisé en ce que ledit élément de valve supplémentaire (34) comprend une partie de piston (29) susceptible de coulisser de façon étanche dans un alésage cylindrique (31) de la tête de cylindre, ladite partie de piston (29) étant soumise audit signal de contrôle de pression de fluide.
6. Compresseur de gaz selon la revendication 3, 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que ledit orifice d'évacuation comporte un insert fileté (33) dans ledit dispositif de tête de cylindre permettant l'insertion et l'enlèvement de ladite valve supplémentaire.
7. Compresseur de gaz selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'est prévu un passage (47) à travers lequel ledit espace supplémentaire (27) est connecté à une zone entre la valve d'évacuation (4a) et ladite valve supplémentaire (32, 34) lorsque cette dernière est fermée.
8. Compresseur de gaz tel que revendiqué dans la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que sur ladite valve supplémentaire (32, 34) sont montés des moyens d'obturation afin de fermer ledit passage (47) lorsque ladite valve supplémentaire est ouverte.
EP19890303153 1988-03-31 1989-03-30 Compresseurs de gaz Expired EP0335716B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8807716 1988-03-31
GB888807716A GB8807716D0 (en) 1988-03-31 1988-03-31 Gas compressors

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0335716A1 EP0335716A1 (fr) 1989-10-04
EP0335716B1 true EP0335716B1 (fr) 1992-05-13

Family

ID=10634447

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890303153 Expired EP0335716B1 (fr) 1988-03-31 1989-03-30 Compresseurs de gaz

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0335716B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE68901482D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2031353T3 (fr)
GB (2) GB8807716D0 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007039476A1 (de) 2007-08-21 2009-02-26 Wabco Gmbh Kolbenverdichter
CN201953605U (zh) * 2010-12-17 2011-08-31 靳北彪 放出式高效气体压缩机
WO2012079270A1 (fr) * 2010-12-17 2012-06-21 Jin Beibiao Compresseur de gaz à haut rendement à écoulement de retour

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB257848A (en) * 1925-10-19 1926-09-09 Ingersoll Rand Co Means for regulating fluid compressors
GB8618155D0 (en) * 1986-07-25 1986-09-03 Bendix Ltd Gas compressor apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0335716A1 (fr) 1989-10-04
DE68901482D1 (de) 1992-06-17
GB8907200D0 (en) 1989-05-10
GB2217792B (en) 1992-01-15
GB8807716D0 (en) 1988-05-05
ES2031353T3 (es) 1992-12-01
GB2217792A (en) 1989-11-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0249757B1 (fr) Commande de purgeur pour un séchoir à air pour compresseurs suralimentés par turbosoufflage
US3592563A (en) Filter purging apparatus
US5186522A (en) Air dryer purge line
US4549888A (en) Automatic control for an external air supply
CA2677459C (fr) Systeme de fourniture d'air comprime et procede permettant de faire fonctionner un tel systeme
US6907818B2 (en) System and method for providing dry filtered air to a brake actuator
CA2090653C (fr) Deshydrateur d'air a clapet de maintien en pression de suralimentation
US5575541A (en) Air supply system and method with enhanced purge capacity
US5127386A (en) Apparatus for controlling a supercharger
US4955994A (en) Compressed gas apparatus
US5458676A (en) Pressure differential control valve for compressed air system
CA1163252A (fr) Detendeur pour compresseur de gaz
JPH0474553B2 (fr)
US5066317A (en) Compressed gas dryer system with pressure retention
EP0335716B1 (fr) Compresseurs de gaz
EP0254524B1 (fr) Réglage pour compresseur de gaz
US4449759A (en) Service brake accelerator for rail vehicle air brake systems
US20100269926A1 (en) Valve Device for a Compressed Air Supply Device and Compressed Air Supply System
EP0350215A2 (fr) Système de compression de gaz
US5647731A (en) Air compressor
EP0277769A1 (fr) Appareil à l'air comprimé
US4710108A (en) Isolation valve construction
GB2192945A (en) Unloading valve for compressors
CA2175864C (fr) Soupape d'admission pour dessiccateur d'air
JPH0236575Y2 (fr)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): BE DE ES FR IT NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19900404

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19901031

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): BE DE ES FR IT NL SE

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 68901482

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19920617

ET Fr: translation filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2031353

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 89303153.4

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19950309

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19950315

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19950322

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19950331

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 19950331

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19950510

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19960331

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19960331

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19960331

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: BENDIX LTD

Effective date: 19960331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19961001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19961129

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19961001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19961203

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 89303153.4

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 19970410

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050330