EP0252884A2 - Procédé pour la résolution d'images imprimées - Google Patents

Procédé pour la résolution d'images imprimées Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0252884A2
EP0252884A2 EP87810385A EP87810385A EP0252884A2 EP 0252884 A2 EP0252884 A2 EP 0252884A2 EP 87810385 A EP87810385 A EP 87810385A EP 87810385 A EP87810385 A EP 87810385A EP 0252884 A2 EP0252884 A2 EP 0252884A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ink
printing
paper
water
resolution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87810385A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0252884A3 (fr
Inventor
Harris R. Miller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Novartis AG
Original Assignee
Ciba Geigy AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ciba Geigy AG filed Critical Ciba Geigy AG
Publication of EP0252884A2 publication Critical patent/EP0252884A2/fr
Publication of EP0252884A3 publication Critical patent/EP0252884A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
    • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
    • B41M5/529—Macromolecular coatings characterised by the use of fluorine- or silicon-containing organic compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for achieving high resolution in printing methods in which the imaging takes place by means of individual dots.
  • the invention relates to a method for preventing the lateral diffusion of the punctiform printing media on the substrates to be printed.
  • the printing medium in the other printing processes is in the form of droplets or drop-like elements applied to the substrate.
  • Inks, dyes, inks and similar media are brought into contact with the substrates to be printed in order to produce an image.
  • the different media can be black or colored. They can also be based on oil, water or solvents.
  • the substrate can either be coherent films or nonwovens made of woven or non-woven fibrous material or sheets of caked, ground hollow balls or scales.
  • the coherent films can be, for example, polymer films or sheets with a skin-like structure, such as parchment.
  • the nonwovens usually consist of woven or non-woven textile fibers or are felt-like materials such as paper.
  • the printed image is created by applying the print medium either by direct contact transfer, such as in lithography, offset printing, screen printing, electrophotography or high pressure; or by absorption transfer, such as in gravure printing; or by spray transfer, the finely divided medium being sprayed onto the substrate.
  • the control takes place, for example, by electrostatic charging, such as in the continuous jet process or by targeted application of pressure surges on the medium, such as in the pulse jet process (drop-on-demand process) or by applying pressure to the medium, such as in the case of Spraying colors during the production of billboards or large-scale advertising images.
  • the image resolution can also depend on the pigments and their grain size distribution in the respective color or the drawing medium, which is to be transferred from the printing form to the paper to be printed.
  • the resolution of the halftone image is limited by the resolution of the rotogravure form, which is used to resolve the image into its individual halftone dots.
  • the drop diameter increased by 100 to 300%, based on the diameter of the drop originally applied, due to diffusion of the ink.
  • Various surfactants are also added to the ink; this is done primarily to lower the surface tension of the printing ink in order to bring about a wetting of the substrate so that the ink is quickly absorbed by the paper and thus dries quickly.
  • the lateral spreading of the ink dot also leads to a reduction in the image resolution, since the dot is enlarged and thus the separation between a single dot and its neighbors is reduced.
  • Lateral spreading is also known in the art as feathering or dot-gain.
  • US Pat. No. 4,419,388 describes a method which prevents the ink dots from fusing after printing.
  • the image is coated with a water-repellent composition after the ink jets have been applied to the paper and after the ink has dried; this composition contains certain alum known as water-repellent paper coating agents.
  • this method cannot prevent dot enlargement or ink flow during image formation.
  • Guenthner and Putnam et al. in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 3rd Edition, 10, 897 (1980) and 16, 803-825 (1980) describe further approaches for controlling the drying or absorption of the ink. These articles describe additives for papermaking and in particular paper sizes that are added to the "varnish" during papermaking.
  • the size of the ink jet drops applied to the treated paper differs by ⁇ 2.7-5.5% from the size of the drops on correspondingly untreated paper.
  • JP-OS 60-260,376 describes a recording material which contains an outer and an inner ink absorption layer, the latter containing water and a fluorine-containing oil-repellent.
  • the recording material allows an improved reproduction of the droplet density, the color tone and the ability to absorb the ink.
  • water-repellent paper glues or coatings or water-repellent additives are used in the printing inks.
  • the dot size that can be achieved with water-based inks is even about five times as large as the opening of the jet mouth.
  • the size of this mouth is limited by the diffusion characteristics on the paper and by the equipment available, and the resolution in prior art methods is limited by the size of the ink dot sprayed on.
  • the present invention relates to a printing method for printing paper, the size of the drops to be transferred by the printing method being reduced and the independence of the individual transferred drops of reduced size also being retained after the image has been produced.
  • the present invention is a method for improving the resolution and image quality of printing methods in which ink drops are transferred or in which contact pressure is applied.
  • the method comprises the step of contacting the ink, which contains dyes, pigments or dye precursors customary in such methods, with a surface to be printed; said surface is pretreated with a coherent coating of a composition before printing, so that said surface has oil and water-repellent properties to such an extent that the interfacial tension between the coating and ink also forms spherical droplets adhering to said coated substrate limited contact area leads to said substrate.
  • these ink drops are hemispherical and dry on the coated substrate within the dimension specified by the interfacial tension.
  • Another result of the method according to the invention is a reduction in the size of the printed dots by more than half compared to a control experiment (same ink and same ink jet recorder). There is also a relationship between the diameter of an ink dot and the life of the color density. If the dimension of the ink drop is reduced, the lifespan of the color density increases logarithmically.
  • the invention therefore relates to a method for improving the quality of images which can be obtained by printing methods in which individual dots are transmitted, comprising the steps.
  • R f There are preferably one to three groups R f , which can either be identical or different from one another.
  • R f is usually a mono- or divalent group containing at least three fully fluorinated carbon atoms.
  • the aliphatic chain generally has a length of 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 16 carbon atoms and particularly preferably 8 carbon atoms.
  • the main chain of the radical R f can be straight-chain or branched or branching can occur so that alicyclic groups are formed, each of which is fluorinated.
  • Q is preferably a multivalent bridging group with at least one carbon-carbon double bond or a cyclic or non-cyclic group with at least one heteroatom.
  • Preferred bridging groups are the sulfur-containing units and -O- mentioned above.
  • group X there is at least one solubility- or emulsifiability-imparting group which provides an ionizable unit, so that the entire molecule is soluble or emulsifiable in the application medium.
  • the preferred application medium is water.
  • Solubility-imparting groups which meet the criteria indicated above for water are, for example, carboxylic acids, their salts, esters or anhydrides; Amic acids; Urethanes; Amines; Amides; Carbamates; soluble metal salts, quaternary ammonium salts or ammonium phosphates.
  • Ammonium phosphates and carboxylic acid salts are particularly preferred in the context of this invention.
  • the fluorine compounds identified above can be produced by methods known per se. These include, for example, electrochemical fluorination and telomerization, with intermediate products being formed which can be converted into the desired fluorine compounds by means of known processes. Such processes are, for example, hydrolysis, condensation reactions or addition reactions. Suitable preparative processes for the preparation of such fluorine compounds and intermediates are described, for example, in the above-mentioned article by Guenthner et al. described. Representative examples of fluoroaliphatic compounds are mentioned, for example, in U.S. Patents 3,989,725, 4,239,915, 4,267,087, 4,419,298, 4,426,666 and 4,515,640.
  • the preferred compounds used for coating impart sufficient surface energy to the substrate such that the dimensions of the ink droplet or spot on the surface are restricted and minimized as the ink dries or rapidly into the substrate or the coating is absorbed.
  • the magnitude of surface tension required in individual cases is determined by the specific velocity of the droplets in the ink jet and by parameters of the ink, such as viscosity, size and content of ink additives.
  • the type and amount of the surface-active component selected in the individual case should therefore ensure that the finished coated surface, after drying, is both oil- and water-repellent, and that liquid drops form spheroids of minimal diameter upon contact and dry quickly.
  • the wetting agent-containing compositions which are used for the coating may also contain an application medium, for example water, organic solvents or mixtures thereof.
  • Conventional additives and auxiliaries can also be contained in these coating compositions. Examples of these are leveling agents, pigments, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, fillers, roughening agents, plasticizers, extenders, water-repellent additives and other additives which are usually used for the production of surface coatings for paper or for films to be printed.
  • the coating agent should be applied to the substrate in an amount of 0.05-1.0 g / m 2 , preferably 0.05-0.10 g / m 2 , and the coating agent should be 0.005-10 wt. 0 / o, preferably 0.005 - 2% by weight, based on the composition, of surface-active component, so that the desired control of the point density and the point diameter can be achieved.
  • Any conventional coating method can be used to coat the substrate.
  • any substrate can be used as a printing surface which can be coated with a composition which, after drying, gives a coherent film of coating agent which has the surface tension defined above and oil and water repellent properties.
  • sized and unsized fine papers are suitable for coating in the manner described above and produce high-resolution images in accordance with the present invention.
  • the papers can contain cellulose fibers or other fibers or mixtures of such fibers.
  • the method according to the invention can also be carried out on recently used papers which are produced from polymer flakes or on printing surfaces made of polymer films. All of these substrates can be provided with oil and water repellent coatings and used in the process of this invention.
  • Printing surfaces which are preferably used are surfaces of substrates selected from the group consisting of coherent films and layers of woven or non-woven synthetic or polymeric fibers or particles or of cellulose fibers or particles.
  • Inkjet printers are usually small table devices with which generally comparable results can be achieved as with a large offset printing press. They are particularly suitable for the reproduction of texts, drawings or color image photographs. Such printers are commonly referred to as "non-contact" because no printing plate or roll is required that comes into contact with the material to be printed.
  • An inkjet printer usually sprays a series of microscopic droplets of ink onto the paper to create an image.
  • the present invention leads to an improvement in these image properties.
  • Water-based printing inks for inkjet printing generally contain humectants in order to prevent evaporation from the ink supply vessel and thus clogging of the pen opening. However, if the ink has left the pen opening and has hit the paper, the drop must be dried as quickly as possible.
  • Example 1 A number of oil- and water-repellent coating additives are examined for their usability, the droplet density and the trench diameter of images produced by inkjet printing.
  • Test coatings are produced on unsized paper (Schoeller C-15 paper) and an application amount of 0.1 g / m 2 (based on the amount of non-volatile constituents) is used.
  • the basic formulation for the coating compositions consists of: 13.01 g of polyvinyl alcohol chips (MW 22,000), 1.00 g wetting agent (Nical BX, (8% w / v) and up to a total of 100.00 g deionized water.
  • Suspensions A and B are mixed and then dispersed in an ultrasonic bath.
  • the pH is adjusted to 7.0 with sodium hydroxide solution.
  • the unsized paper is treated with the coating solution obtained.
  • a doctor blade (Meyer # 2) is used and coated at a speed of approximately 11.4 cm / min. The amount applied is about 0.1 g / m 2. After coating, the paper is dried at 50 ° C. for two minutes.
  • Ink jet images are formed on this coated paper. Similar paper is used in the comparison test, but is not coated.
  • the density of individually selected drops in the test images is determined with a microdensitometer, the gap length of which is 63 ⁇ m and the gap width of which is 0.8 ⁇ m. When recording, 1 millimeter corresponds to 1.99 ⁇ m on the pen.
  • Table I lists the various oil and water repellant additives used in the coating compositions. This table also contains the micro density of the printed ink dots and the diameter of these dots.
  • the numerical data are mean values which are obtained from representative ink dots of the sample from different runs of the microdensitometer.
  • R f is a mixture of -C 6 F 13 , -C 8 F 17 and - C 10 F 21
  • Example 2 The samples produced according to Example 1 are loaded in a xenon fadeometer for 18.4, 39.7, 55.4 and 77.2 hours. After each interruption, the values of the macroscopic density (aperture 3 mm) of dark blue (cyan), magenta, yellow and black dots are determined. Tables II, III and IV list the densities of the individual colors according to the fadeometer load.
  • This dye is selected because it has the lowest light fastness of the dyes used in color inks for inkjet printing.
  • the color density after exposure is an important property in the field of the inkjet printing process, since further areas of application are to be opened up for this method. For example, engraving processes in the manufacture of large-scale advertising billboards are to be replaced by such processes.
  • Fadeometer tests are useful tools for estimating the service life under long-term exposure.
  • the coatings which are used in the printing process of the present invention allow a higher image resolution since the independence of the individual printed dots is preserved.
  • the dots do not run into one another due to smearing and lateral diffusion of the ink and thus the blurred appearance is avoided, which can often be seen on printed products of ink jet printing, letterpress printing or gravure printing, in which uncoated paper or size or coated papers are used, which have only water-repellent or only oil-repellent properties.
  • the present invention thus represents a new approach for improving images obtainable by single-dot printing processes.
  • the surface to be printed is coated in the manner characterized above.

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  • Printing Methods (AREA)
  • Ink Jet Recording Methods And Recording Media Thereof (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
EP87810385A 1986-07-10 1987-07-06 Procédé pour la résolution d'images imprimées Withdrawn EP0252884A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US88425886A 1986-07-10 1986-07-10
US884258 1986-07-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0252884A2 true EP0252884A2 (fr) 1988-01-13
EP0252884A3 EP0252884A3 (fr) 1989-09-06

Family

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EP87810385A Withdrawn EP0252884A3 (fr) 1986-07-10 1987-07-06 Procédé pour la résolution d'images imprimées

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0252884A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6325086A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6016123A (en) * 1994-02-16 2000-01-18 Northern Telecom Limited Base station antenna arrangement

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4426466A (en) * 1982-06-09 1984-01-17 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Paper treatment compositions containing fluorochemical carboxylic acid and epoxidic cationic resin
US4442172A (en) * 1981-07-10 1984-04-10 Jujo Paper Co., Ltd. Ink jet recording sheet
JPS60260376A (ja) * 1984-06-08 1985-12-23 Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd インクジエツト記録媒体

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4442172A (en) * 1981-07-10 1984-04-10 Jujo Paper Co., Ltd. Ink jet recording sheet
US4426466A (en) * 1982-06-09 1984-01-17 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Paper treatment compositions containing fluorochemical carboxylic acid and epoxidic cationic resin
JPS60260376A (ja) * 1984-06-08 1985-12-23 Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd インクジエツト記録媒体

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 10, Nr. 138 (M-480)[2195], 21. Mai 1986; & JP-A-60 260 376 (MITSUBISHI SEISHI K.K.) 23-12-1985 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6016123A (en) * 1994-02-16 2000-01-18 Northern Telecom Limited Base station antenna arrangement

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Publication number Publication date
JPS6325086A (ja) 1988-02-02
EP0252884A3 (fr) 1989-09-06

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