EP0249525B1 - Stabilization fins for an arrow-type penetrator - Google Patents
Stabilization fins for an arrow-type penetrator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0249525B1 EP0249525B1 EP87401209A EP87401209A EP0249525B1 EP 0249525 B1 EP0249525 B1 EP 0249525B1 EP 87401209 A EP87401209 A EP 87401209A EP 87401209 A EP87401209 A EP 87401209A EP 0249525 B1 EP0249525 B1 EP 0249525B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fin assembly
- assembly according
- type
- weight
- projectile
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
- F42B10/02—Stabilising arrangements
- F42B10/04—Stabilising arrangements using fixed fins
- F42B10/06—Tail fins
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a tail unit for kinetic energy projectile of the arrow type comprising an elongated rod made of heavy material.
- the projectiles most often consist of bars of heavy material such as for example tungsten, provided with tail lights made of light alloy or even steel.
- a first drawback presented by the light aluminum alloy empennages is their poor behavior during the exterior ballistics phase when the initial speed exceeds 1650 m / s and the distance traveled exceeds 2500 meters.
- a second drawback, attached to the tail lights made both of light alloy and of steel, is the disturbance that the latter causes to the bar following the impact of the projectile on a multilayer armor plate. It has been observed that during such an impact, the transverse stresses to which the tail unit is subjected are transmitted to the bar and cause it to rupture, thereby reducing its effectiveness and the depth of penetration into the target.
- patent DE 3 119646 proposes to reduce the dead weight of projectiles of all types (arrows, medium-caliber, feathered projectiles with hollow charge, missiles) by making certain peripheral parts of the latter in composite materials, but this teaching is not apply to the empennage of these.
- the object of the invention is to propose a stabilizing stabilizer having the lowest possible mass and thus making it possible to ensure a large range for the projectile, while being able to resist erosion on the trajectory.
- the tail proposed by the invention is very easy to build and low manufacturing cost.
- the invention therefore relates to a tail unit for kinetic energy projectile of the arrow type comprising an elongated rod made of heavy material, characterized in that it is made of a material constituted by a plastic material comprising 0% to 60% by weight of reinforcement and / or load, and in that the material thus produced has a melting temperature greater than 520 ° K and a coefficient of thermal conductivity less than 0.25 WATT / (meter x oK).
- the plastic material is of the plastimer type chosen from the group: polyamide 6, polycarbonate, high density polyethylene, polyarylamide, polyimide, polyethrimide, polyphenylsulfone, polyamide-imide.
- the filler is chosen from the group: bronze powder, beryllium oxide, glass beads.
- the reinforcement is chosen from the group: glass fibers, carbon fibers, "kevlar” fibers, or boron fibers.
- Another advantage of this invention is that the reduction in the mass of the tail unit makes it possible to reduce the tensile forces in the bar and improves its mechanical strength.
- a lighter plastic stabilizer makes it possible to transfer the mass difference to the useful part (bar) which contributes to improving the perforation performance.
- a bar equipped with a plastic stabilizer of the polyamide 6 type reinforced with 30% by mass of glass fibers could be pulled at a distance of 3500 m; whereas a bar of the same mass always, but with an aluminum empennage, could not exceed 2500 m.
- the poor performance linked to the aluminum tailplane is due to the erosion on its trajectory. It has been observed, for a plastic empennage loaded with glass fibers, that the plastic binder is eroded surface to reveal the glass fiber and that erosion is then stopped because the glass acts as a thermal screen. Similar results will be obtained with empennages made of materials having a melting temperature above 520 ° K as well as a low coefficient of thermal conductivity (less than 0.25 Watt / (meter. ° K). the surface heating of the empennage cannot cause its melting, so other fillers or reinforcements (such as carbon fiber or "Kevlar") allowing the coefficient of thermal conductivity to be lowered can be adopted. choose a plastic material of the thermosetting type, loaded or not.
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un empennage pour projectile à énergie cinétique de type flèche comprenant un barreau allongé en matériau bourd.The present invention relates to a tail unit for kinetic energy projectile of the arrow type comprising an elongated rod made of heavy material.
Les projectiles, selon l'état de la technique, sont le plus souvent constitués par des barreaux en matériau lourd tel que par exemple du tungstène, munis d'empennages réalisés en alliage léger ou même en acier.The projectiles, according to the state of the art, most often consist of bars of heavy material such as for example tungsten, provided with tail lights made of light alloy or even steel.
La recherche des performances (efficacité terminale, précision), a conduit à optimiser les paramé- tres de construction tout en adoptant des solutions facilement réalisables en grande série et de prix de revient acceptable, voire économique.The search for performance (terminal efficiency, precision) has led to optimizing the construction parameters while adopting solutions that are easily achievable in large series and at an acceptable, even economic, cost price.
Il est connu, pour ce type de projectile que la stabilité dépend notamment d'un paramétre appelé marge statique qui doit être la plus grande possible ; la marge statique étant la distance entre le centre de gravité et le foyer aérodynamique du projectile.It is known, for this type of projectile, that stability depends in particular on a parameter called static margin which must be as large as possible; the static margin being the distance between the center of gravity and the aerodynamic focus of the projectile.
Afin d'améliorer la stabilité de ces projectiles dans le but d'accroître leur précision, des efforts particuliers ont été réalisés au niveau des études des empennages. On a cherché, plus particulièrement à utiliser des matériaux de densité inférieure à celle de l'acier et des alliages légers de façon à reporter au maximum vers l'avant du projectile la position du centre de gravité, tout en tenant compte des contraintes liées à l'environnement très sévère d'une chambre d'arme lors du départ du coup. En effet, pour tirer ces projectiles à vitesse initiale très élevée, les pressions développées dans la chambre sont de l'ordre de 4000 bars, les températures avoisinent les 3000°K et les accélérations longitudinales sont de l'ordre de 50 000g.In order to improve the stability of these projectiles in order to increase their precision, special efforts have been made in terms of studies of the empennages. We have sought, more particularly to use materials with a density lower than that of steel and light alloys so as to carry the position of the center of gravity as far forward as possible while taking into account the constraints associated with the very harsh environment of a weapon chamber at the start of the coup. Indeed, to fire these projectiles at very high initial speed, the pressures developed in the chamber are of the order of 4000 bars, the temperatures are around 3000 ° K and the longitudinal accelerations are of the order of 50 000g.
On connaît aussi, par exemple par les brevets FR 1288365 et FR 1207270, des empennages réalisés en matière plastique pour des projectiles de mortier ou des grenades à fusil, qu'il n'était pas question de soumettre à des contraintes telles que décrites plus haut qui sont spécifiques des projectiles à énergie cinétique du type flèche.We also know, for example from the patents FR 1288365 and FR 1207270, empennages made of plastic for mortar projectiles or rifle grenades, which it was out of the question to subject to constraints as described above. which are specific to kinetic energy projectiles of the arrow type.
Un premier inconvénient présenté par les empennages en alliage léger d'aluminium est leur mauvaise tenue au cours de la phase de balistique extérieure lorsque la vitesse initiale dépasse 1650 m/s et que la distance parcourue excède 2500 métres.A first drawback presented by the light aluminum alloy empennages is their poor behavior during the exterior ballistics phase when the initial speed exceeds 1650 m / s and the distance traveled exceeds 2500 meters.
Les efforts aérodynamiques s'exerçant sur l'empennage provoquent en effet une importante érosion de celui-ci nuisible à la stabilité du projectile à grande distance. Ainsi, il n'est pas possible de tirer à des distances supérieures à 2500 m avec un empennage en alliage léger. Seuls les empennages aciers résistent à cette érosion, mais au détriment de la marge statique et de la tenue mécanique pendant la phase de lancement.The aerodynamic forces exerted on the empennage indeed cause significant erosion of the latter detrimental to the stability of the projectile at long distance. Thus, it is not possible to fire at distances greater than 2500 m with a light alloy empennage. Only the steel tail units resist this erosion, but to the detriment of the static margin and the mechanical strength during the launch phase.
Un deuxième inconvénient, attaché aux empennages réalisés aussi bien en alliage léger qu'en acier, est la perturbation que celui-ci occasionne au barreau comme suite à l'impact du projectile sur une plaque de blindage multicouches. Il a été constaté que lors d'un tel impact, les sollicitations transversales auxquelles est soumis l'empennage se transmettent au barreau et provoquent sa rupture diminuant ainsi l'efficacité de celui-ci et la profondeur de pénétration dans la cible.A second drawback, attached to the tail lights made both of light alloy and of steel, is the disturbance that the latter causes to the bar following the impact of the projectile on a multilayer armor plate. It has been observed that during such an impact, the transverse stresses to which the tail unit is subjected are transmitted to the bar and cause it to rupture, thereby reducing its effectiveness and the depth of penetration into the target.
Par ailleurs, le brevet DE 3 119646 propose de réduire le poids mort de projectiles de tous types (flèches, moyencalibres, projectiles empennés à charge creuse, missiles) en réalisant certaines parties périphériques de ces derniers en matériaux composités, mais cet enseignement ne s'applique pas à l'empennage de ceux-ci.Furthermore, patent DE 3 119646 proposes to reduce the dead weight of projectiles of all types (arrows, medium-caliber, feathered projectiles with hollow charge, missiles) by making certain peripheral parts of the latter in composite materials, but this teaching is not not apply to the empennage of these.
Le but de l'invention est de proposer un empennage stabilisateur ayant une masse la plus faible possible et permettant ainsi d'assurer une portée importante au projectile, tout en étant capable de résister à l'érosion sur trajectoire.The object of the invention is to propose a stabilizing stabilizer having the lowest possible mass and thus making it possible to ensure a large range for the projectile, while being able to resist erosion on the trajectory.
C'est un autre but de l'invention que de proposer un empennage qui ne s'oppose pas à la pénétration d'une cible par le projectile et qui permet ainsi un accroissement notable des performances de perforation.It is another object of the invention to propose a tail which does not oppose the penetration of a target by the projectile and which thus allows a significant increase in perforation performance.
Enfin, l'empennage proposé par l'invention est d'une grande facilité de construction et d'un coût de fabrication peu élevé.Finally, the tail proposed by the invention is very easy to build and low manufacturing cost.
L'invention concerne donc un empennage pour projectile à énergie cinétique de type flèche comprenant un barreau allongé en matériau lourd, caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé en un matériau constitué par une matière plastique comprenant 0 % à 60 % en masse de renfort et/ou de charge, et en ce que le matériau ainsi réalisé a une température de fusion supérieure à 520°K et un coefficient de conductivité thermique inférieur à 0,25 WATT/ (mêtre x oK).The invention therefore relates to a tail unit for kinetic energy projectile of the arrow type comprising an elongated rod made of heavy material, characterized in that it is made of a material constituted by a plastic material comprising 0% to 60% by weight of reinforcement and / or load, and in that the material thus produced has a melting temperature greater than 520 ° K and a coefficient of thermal conductivity less than 0.25 WATT / (meter x oK).
Selon une autre caractéristique, la matière plastique est du type plastimère choisi dans le groupe : polyamide 6, polycarbonate, polyéthylène haute densité, polyarylamide, polyimide, polyéthèrimide, polyphénylsulfone, polyamide-imide.According to another characteristic, the plastic material is of the plastimer type chosen from the group: polyamide 6, polycarbonate, high density polyethylene, polyarylamide, polyimide, polyethrimide, polyphenylsulfone, polyamide-imide.
Selon une autre caractéristique, la charge est choisie dans le groupe : poudre de bronze, oxyde de béryllium, billes de verre.According to another characteristic, the filler is chosen from the group: bronze powder, beryllium oxide, glass beads.
Selon une autre caractéristique, le renfort est choisi dans le groupe : fibres de verre, de carbone, de "kevlar", ou de bore.According to another characteristic, the reinforcement is chosen from the group: glass fibers, carbon fibers, "kevlar" fibers, or boron fibers.
Les matériaux énumérés ci-dessus sont connus de l'homme de l'art pour être des matériaux résistant mal à la chaleur. En effet, un échantillon de plasto- mère du type polyamide 6 ou polycarbonate placé dans une enceinte maintenue à 3000° K avec une pression de 4000 bars commence effectivement à se ramolir au bout de quelques dizièmes de secondes. De fait, si ces matériaux ont déjà été utilisés sur des projectiles, ils l'ont été pour des projectiles dont la vitesse à la sortie de l'arme ne dépassait pas quelques centaines de mètres par seconde (grenades à fusils, projectile de mortier).The materials listed above are known to those skilled in the art to be poorly heat resistant materials. In fact, a sample of plastomer of the polyamide 6 or polycarbonate type placed in an enclosure maintained at 3000 ° K with a pressure of 4000 bars effectively begins to soften after a few tenths of seconds. In fact, if these materials have already been used on projectiles, they have been used for projectiles whose speed at the exit of the weapon did not exceed a few hundred meters per second (rifle grenades, mortar projectile) .
Toutefois compte tenu de leur facilité de mise en oeuvre et de leur densité relativement faible par rapport aux matériaux utilisés selon l'état de la technique, il était tentant de les utiliser pour réaliser des empennages de projectiles flèches. Des essais ont donc été effectués, avec des craintes quant à la tenue mécanique et thermique au coup de canon, mais en étant conscient du fait qu'en cas de succès, cette invention apporterait de nombreux avantages tant sur le plan technologique qu'économique. Après tir, on a constaté l'excellent comportement des projectiles que ce soit au niveau de la balistique intérieure, de la balistique extérieure ou terminale, remettant en cause les préjugés précédemment établis.However, taking into account their ease of implementation and their relatively low density compared to the materials used according to the state of the art, it was tempting to use them to make empennages of arrow projectiles. Tests have therefore been carried out, with fears as to the mechanical and thermal resistance to the cannon shot, but being aware of the fact that if successful, this invention would bring numerous advantages both technologically and economically. After shooting, we noticed the excellent behavior projectiles whether at the level of interior ballistics, exterior or terminal ballistics, calling into question the prejudices previously established.
En particulier, on a constaté une amélioration notable des performances de perforation sur cibles multiples, ainsi qu'une quasi absence d'érosion sur trajectoire pour un projectile équipé d'un tel empennage.In particular, there has been a noticeable improvement in perforation performance on multiple targets, as well as a virtual absence of erosion on the trajectory for a projectile equipped with such a tail.
Un autre avantage de cette invention tient au fait que la diminution de la masse de l'empennage permet de diminuer les efforts de traction dans le barreau et améliore sa tenue mécanique. D'autre part, à masse de sous-projectile égale, un empennage en matière plastique plus léger permet de reporter l'écart de masse sur la partie utile (barreau) ce qui contribue à améliorer les performances de perforation.Another advantage of this invention is that the reduction in the mass of the tail unit makes it possible to reduce the tensile forces in the bar and improves its mechanical strength. On the other hand, for an equal sub-projectile mass, a lighter plastic stabilizer makes it possible to transfer the mass difference to the useful part (bar) which contributes to improving the perforation performance.
A titre d'illustration, les matières plastiques suivantes ont été utilisées avec succès :
- Dans cette série d'exemples les pourcentages ont été exprimés en masse :
- In this series of examples the percentages have been expressed by mass:
80% de polycarbonate
- 20% de fibres de verre
- densité : 1,35
- 20% glass fiber
- density: 1.35
50% de polyarylamide
- 50% de fibres de verre
- densité : 1,65
- 50% glass fiber
- density: 1.65
De manière plus précise, on peut comparer les performances d'un projectile flèche équipé d'un empennage acier avec un projectile flèche de même masse équipé d'un empennage en polyamide 6 renforcé de 30% en masse en fibres de verre (fibres de quelques mm de longueur).More precisely, we can compare the performance of an arrow projectile equipped with a steel tail unit with an arrow projectile of the same mass equipped with a polyamide 6 tail unit reinforced with 30% by mass of glass fibers (fibers of a few mm in length).
Ces deux projectiles ont été tirés avec la même vitesse initiale sur des cibles multiples, constituées par plusieurs plaques de blindages parallèles. Il a été constaté que le barreau équipé d'un empennage plastique permettait d'obtenir, par rapport au barreau à empennage acier, un gain de performances de près de 25% sur la masse surfacique apparente perforée.These two projectiles were fired with the same initial speed on multiple targets, consisting of several parallel armor plates. It was found that the bar fitted with a plastic tail unit made it possible to obtain, compared to the steel tail unit, a performance gain of nearly 25% on the apparent surface mass perforated.
Cette amélioration s'explique par le fait que l'empennage plastique se trouve détruit à l'impact sur la cible; la destruction demandant peu d'énergie, le choc qu'elle occasionne au barreau est faible et ne provoque pas de dislocation de ce dernier. La cohésion du barreau étant conservée, l'énergie surfacique disponible au niveau de sa tête reste importante même avec plusieurs plaques de blindages en parallèle.This improvement is explained by the fact that the plastic tail is destroyed on impact on the target; destruction requires little energy, the shock it causes to the bar is weak and does not cause dislocation of the latter. The cohesion of the bar being preserved, the surface energy available at the level of its head remains high even with several armor plates in parallel.
De plus, la diminution de la masse de l'empennage permet d'accroître la marge statique de l'ordre de 25%, par déport vers l'avant du centre de gravité du projectile. Il s'ensuit une augmentation de stabilité et donc de portée.In addition, the reduction in the mass of the empennage makes it possible to increase the static margin of the order of 25%, by shifting forward the center of gravity of the projectile. This results in an increase in stability and therefore in range.
Un barreau équipé d'un empennage plastique du type polyamide 6 renforcé de 30% en masse en fibres de verre a pu être tiré à une distance de 3500 m; alors qu'un barreau de même masse toujours, mais avec un empennage en aluminium, n'a pu dépasser 2500 m.A bar equipped with a plastic stabilizer of the polyamide 6 type reinforced with 30% by mass of glass fibers could be pulled at a distance of 3500 m; whereas a bar of the same mass always, but with an aluminum empennage, could not exceed 2500 m.
La mauvaise performance liée à l'empennage aluminium est due à l'érosion sur trajectoire de ce dernier. On a pu constater, pour un empennage plastique chargé de fibres de verre, que le liant plastique s'erode superficiellement pour laisser apparaître la fibre de verre et qu'ensuite l'érosion est stoppée car le verre joue le rôle d'écran thermique. Des résultats analogues seront obtenus avec des empennages réalisés dans des matériaux présentant une température de fusion supérieure à 520° K ainsi qu'un coefficient de conductivité thermique faible (inféririeur à 0,25 Watt/(mètre . °K). Avec de tels matériaux l'échauffement superficiel de l'empennage ne peut provoquer sa fusion. Ainsi, d'autres charges ou renforts (tels de fibre de carbone ou de "Kevlar") permettant d'abaisser le coefficient de conductivité thermique pourront être adoptés. On peut également choisir une matière plastique du type thermodurcissable chargée ou non.The poor performance linked to the aluminum tailplane is due to the erosion on its trajectory. It has been observed, for a plastic empennage loaded with glass fibers, that the plastic binder is eroded surface to reveal the glass fiber and that erosion is then stopped because the glass acts as a thermal screen. Similar results will be obtained with empennages made of materials having a melting temperature above 520 ° K as well as a low coefficient of thermal conductivity (less than 0.25 Watt / (meter. ° K). the surface heating of the empennage cannot cause its melting, so other fillers or reinforcements (such as carbon fiber or "Kevlar") allowing the coefficient of thermal conductivity to be lowered can be adopted. choose a plastic material of the thermosetting type, loaded or not.
Enfin la facilité de mise en oeuvre de ces matériaux, par exemple par surmoulage de l'empennage sur la partie arrière du barreau contribue à la diminution du prix de revient du projectile en éliminant l'usinage et le montage de l'empennage.Finally, the ease of implementation of these materials, for example by overmolding the tail on the rear part of the bar contributes to the reduction of the cost price of the projectile by eliminating the machining and the mounting of the tail.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT87401209T ATE56814T1 (en) | 1986-06-05 | 1987-05-29 | STABILIZATION FINS FOR AN ARROW-SHAPED PENETRATOR. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8608095A FR2599829B1 (en) | 1986-06-05 | 1986-06-05 | FIXTURE FOR ARROW-TYPE KINETIC ENERGY PROJECTILE |
| FR8608095 | 1986-06-05 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0249525A1 EP0249525A1 (en) | 1987-12-16 |
| EP0249525B1 true EP0249525B1 (en) | 1990-09-19 |
Family
ID=9336021
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87401209A Expired - Lifetime EP0249525B1 (en) | 1986-06-05 | 1987-05-29 | Stabilization fins for an arrow-type penetrator |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0249525B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE56814T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3765017D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2018033B3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2599829B1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL82750A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8706250D0 (en) * | 1987-03-17 | 1987-04-23 | Secr Defence | Tail fin unit for projectile |
| DE3927917A1 (en) * | 1989-08-24 | 1991-02-28 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | WING STABILIZED SHELL |
| EP0484958A3 (en) * | 1990-11-09 | 1992-10-28 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Protective coating for projectile fins |
| US5158509A (en) * | 1990-12-14 | 1992-10-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Composite stabilizer unit |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1288365A (en) * | 1961-04-07 | 1962-03-24 | Oregon Etablissements Fuer Pat | New fletched projectile |
| FR1307270A (en) * | 1961-06-08 | 1962-10-26 | Le Ministre Des Armees Terre D | Tailplane for projectile and method of assembly |
| US4328750A (en) * | 1978-10-26 | 1982-05-11 | Bangor Punta Corporation | Plastic coated ammunition and methods of manufacture |
| DE3119646A1 (en) * | 1981-05-16 | 1982-12-02 | Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf | BULLET |
-
1986
- 1986-06-05 FR FR8608095A patent/FR2599829B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1987
- 1987-05-29 ES ES87401209T patent/ES2018033B3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-05-29 AT AT87401209T patent/ATE56814T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-05-29 DE DE8787401209T patent/DE3765017D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-05-29 EP EP87401209A patent/EP0249525B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-02 IL IL82750A patent/IL82750A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0249525A1 (en) | 1987-12-16 |
| IL82750A (en) | 1992-01-15 |
| DE3765017D1 (en) | 1990-10-25 |
| FR2599829B1 (en) | 1990-04-13 |
| ES2018033B3 (en) | 1991-03-16 |
| IL82750A0 (en) | 1987-12-20 |
| ATE56814T1 (en) | 1990-10-15 |
| FR2599829A1 (en) | 1987-12-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2558031C (en) | Hunting bullet comprising an expansion ring | |
| CA2375292C (en) | Bullet with an internally carried sub-projectile | |
| EP2997310B1 (en) | Cartridge with a neckless case | |
| CH650073A5 (en) | PROJECTILE FOR HANDLES AND SHOULDERS AND CARTRIDGE PROVIDED WITH SUCH A PROJECTILE. | |
| EP2153159B9 (en) | Method of manufacturing a composite, especially a bulletproof composite, and composite obtained | |
| EP0723131A1 (en) | Muzzle brake for middle or large-bore barrel | |
| BE1001874A3 (en) | Powerful shot. | |
| FR2654506A1 (en) | SUB-CALIBER PROJECTILE ASSEMBLY. | |
| EP1664663B1 (en) | Hunting bullet with reduced aerodynamic resistance | |
| EP0249525B1 (en) | Stabilization fins for an arrow-type penetrator | |
| EP0143720B1 (en) | Munition for sporting guns | |
| EP0084007B1 (en) | Dual stage penetrator bomb | |
| EP3349929B1 (en) | Penetrator comprising a core surrounded by a ductile sheath and process for manufacturing such a penetrator | |
| EP0664877B1 (en) | Sabot with controlled separation of segments for sub-calibre projectiles | |
| EP0728293B1 (en) | Close range dual penetration bullet for hunting | |
| EP0036232B1 (en) | Training projectile | |
| BE555279A (en) | ||
| EP0752571B1 (en) | Short trajectory projectile | |
| EP1870640B1 (en) | Warhead generating an explosively formed tubular projectile | |
| FR2923003A1 (en) | Shell for use as e.g. war shell for shooting target, has hollow body made of sintered iron and provided with strap and ballistic warhead, where strap and body are formed as single block, and insert extended till level of strap | |
| BE840898A (en) | TRAINING AMMUNITION |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19870618 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE DE ES FR GB IT NL SE |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19880817 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE DE ES FR GB IT NL SE |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 56814 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19901015 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3765017 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19901025 |
|
| ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: BARZANO' E ZANARDO MILANO S.P.A. |
|
| GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) | ||
| ITTA | It: last paid annual fee | ||
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed | ||
| ITPR | It: changes in ownership of a european patent |
Owner name: CESSIONE;GIAT INDUSTRIES |
|
| NLS | Nl: assignments of ep-patents |
Owner name: GIAT INDUSTRIES (SOCIETE ANONYME) TE VERSAILLES, F |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: 732 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: TP |
|
| EAL | Se: european patent in force in sweden |
Ref document number: 87401209.9 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 19960430 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 19960510 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 19960530 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 19960531 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Effective date: 19970529 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Effective date: 19970530 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19970530 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Effective date: 19971201 |
|
| EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed |
Ref document number: 87401209.9 |
|
| NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 19971201 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 19980603 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 19990201 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19990531 |
|
| BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: S.A. GIAT INDUSTRIES Effective date: 19990531 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20030409 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20030425 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20030512 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040529 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20041201 |
|
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee | ||
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050131 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050529 |