EP0248017B1 - Poutre et procede de production - Google Patents

Poutre et procede de production Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0248017B1
EP0248017B1 EP86902537A EP86902537A EP0248017B1 EP 0248017 B1 EP0248017 B1 EP 0248017B1 EP 86902537 A EP86902537 A EP 86902537A EP 86902537 A EP86902537 A EP 86902537A EP 0248017 B1 EP0248017 B1 EP 0248017B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
end portions
flanges
bores
washers
web
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86902537A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0248017A1 (fr
Inventor
Bengt Ake Kindberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT86902537T priority Critical patent/ATE57223T1/de
Publication of EP0248017A1 publication Critical patent/EP0248017A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0248017B1 publication Critical patent/EP0248017B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • E04C3/292—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures the materials being wood and metal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a beam comprising wooden flanges and a web interconnecting said flanges and consisting of metal rods inclined relative to each other parallel to the plane of the web like the bars in a trapezoidal curve.
  • Beams of this type are previously known in different embodiments.
  • the beam web is made of short metal pieces which have specially designed ends adapted to the flanges and connected thereto by means of bolts and/or corrugated joint fasteners.
  • An example of such a beam is shown in DE-C-857,139.
  • Such a beam is difficult to manufacture, and cost-effectiveness is possible only for large dimensions.
  • Another beam has a metal web in the form of a zigzag or sinusoidally bent wire or rod whose turning points are enclosed in correspondingly shaped recesses between flange-forming ribs which are glued together.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a beam which has easily assembled members and which can readily be dimensioned for the current need.
  • the user will then be able readily to manufacture the beam or the beams on his own.
  • this concept does not prevent the beam from being industrially manufactured in a rational and advantageous way by means of simple machines.
  • each metal rod are bent in the same plane and at the same angle but in opposite directions towards the flanges and have a length which does not exceed the flange thickness, that a washer is provided at the transition between the central portion of the rod and the respective end portion, and that the end portions are secured in bores in the beam flanges with the washer accommodated with close fit in a recess around the bore.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing a beam comprising wooden flanges and a web interconnecting said flanges and consisting of metal rods inclined relative to each other parallel to the plane of the web like the bars in a trapezoidal curve.
  • This method is characterised in that bores with recesses are provided at predetermined intervals in elongate pieces of wood forming the flanges, that washers of plastic or metal having a central opening are applied in said recesses, and that end portions of the metal rods which are bent in the same plane and at the same angle but in the opposite directions towards the flanges are pressed through said washers and into the bores.
  • the beam webs can be produced in a rational way in that rods are bent into a trapezoidal curve having straight parallel portions alternating with inclined ones, that the bent rods are disposed with corresponding formations in the transverse direction opposite one another but in "antiphase", that straight parallel wires, bars or strips are disposed transversely of the positioned bent rods over the points of transition between the straight portions and the inclined portions of the rods, that said wires, bars or strips are connected to the bent rods by spot welding or the like, that the resulting net is divided into beam web-forming "lengths" by cutting off the straight portions of the bent rods midway between the ends of said portions, said lengths each consisting of two parallel wires, bars or strips having between them inclined rod-forming portions and on their outer sides protruding straight pin-forming portions.
  • the beam in Fig. 1 consists of flanges 10, 11 of wood.
  • the flanges may either consist of battens in one piece or be laminated and may, if so required, have some type of reinforcement. If so desired or required, the flanges may be finger-jointed.
  • a beam web 12 which consists of a number of metal rods 13 having end portions 14 and 15, respectively, which are bent in the same plane and at the same obtuse angle but in opposite directions.
  • the end portions 14, 15 are disposed in bores 16 drilled in the flanges 10, 11.
  • a washer 17 is provided at the transition between the rods 13 and the end portions 14, 15.
  • the washer is accommodated in a recess surrounding the bore 16.
  • the end portions 14, 15 have a length which does not exceed the flange thickness so as not to protrude on the outer side of the flanges 11 and detract from the usefulness of the beams.
  • the end portions 14, 15 are threaded to permit being secured by means of nut-like means 18 which can be screwed on the end portions 14, 15 from the outer side of the flanges 10, 11.
  • the nut-like means 18 have the form of a washer with a threaded central opening around which an internally threaded collar extends.
  • the bore 16 is suitably provided with an external recess and to prevent the appearance of heat bridges, the recess may have a depth exceeding the height of the means 18, such that the outwardly facing surface thereof, after tightening on the end portion 14, 15, is located some distance inwardly of the outer surface of the flange.
  • a beam of the type shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is readily produced in that the wooden flanges 10, 11 are first bored, preferably by a template, and provided with the necessary recesses for the fixing means 18 and forthe washers 17 on the inner side of the flanges 10, 11.
  • the pins 14, 15 are inserted in the associated bores, and the means 18 are tightened such that the wood material of the flange adjacent the bores is clamped between the washers 17 and the means 18.
  • recesses or holes may be provided in the outwardly facing side of the means.
  • the expert or the ordinary user wishes to make a beam, he preferably contacts his supplier of building material and specifies his wishes as to beam strength, beam length etc. On the basis of tables, the supplier can then readily establish the appropriate dimensions and supply them from his stock.
  • the set of material supplied may also include a drilling template for drilling the flanges 10, 11, or the supplier may lend such templates to the customer.
  • the expert or ordinary user may then simply take the parts home and make the beam on the building site by providing the flanges 10, 11 with, for example, the pairs of bores shown in Fig. 1, whereupon the end portions 14, 15 of the rods are inserted in the associated bores such that the rods 13 between the flanges 10, 11 form the pattern of bars in a trapezoidal curve in the manner shown in Fig. 1. After the threaded means 18 have been tightened, the beam is ready for use.
  • each rod further comprises a washer 17 at its opposite ends, but with respect to force transmission, it is possible to use a single washer for two adjacent end portions 14, 14 and 15, 15, respectively, as indicated at 19.
  • the embodiment in Fig. 8 is specially developed for industrial production, although manual production is by no means excluded.
  • the end portions 14,15 of the web-forming rods 13 may be threaded but preferably have raised gill-like portions or ridges 25 around the periphery.
  • bores 26 are provided at predetermined intervals in one side of the flanges. As appears from Fig. 8, these bores are blind bores and have a recess 27 of predetermined diameter. The bores 26 are so dimensioned that the end portions 14, 15 can be pressed into them with a predetermined friction or engagement with the wall of the bore.
  • a washer 28 is first applied in the recess 27, which washer 28 has a thickness corresponding to the depth of the recess 27.
  • the washer 28, which is shown from above in Fig. 10, has an inner opening 29 of a diameter which is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the end portions 14, 15, and a slot 30 between the outer periphery and the inner periphery.
  • the washer 28 can be pressed into the recess 27 in order, with a certain friction, to engage the peripheral wall ofthe recess 27 and, suitably, a small amount of glue is applied in the recess 27 before the washer 28 is placed therein.
  • the washer 28 may be of metal but is preferably made of a suitable plastic material.
  • the bent end portions 14, 15 of the rod 13 are pressed into the bores 26, suitably after a predetermined amount of glue has been applied therein.
  • the washers 28 will be expanded and a very solid engagement between the periphery of the washer 28 and the material of the flange is achieved.
  • the end portions 14, 15 engage the wall of the bore with their peripheral ridges. It is very easy to press the end portions 14, 15 into the associated bores 26, for which reason the mechanical equipment therefore is simple and inexpensive.
  • the beam thus produced has very good physical properties.
  • Figs.1, 2 and 8 illustrate a beam having a web 1 which consists of separate members.
  • Figs. 3-5 show another type of web in which the rods 13 are coherent and which confers the advantage of permitting very rational manufacture.
  • the production of the web is so carried out that a number of rods are bent into the shape of a trapezoidal curve having straight parallel portions 14, 15 alternating with inclined ones (Fig. 3).
  • a number of rods thus bent are placed on a supporting surface with corresponding curve formations in the transverse direction opposite one another but with adjoining curves in "antiphase”.
  • bars, wires or strips 20, 21 are placed transversely of the laid-out trapezoidally bent rods over the points where straight portions merge into inclined ones, and the bars etc.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates an easy mode of combining beams according to the invention for producing desired structures, in the instant case a beam arrangement for supporting sheathing.
  • a first beam with flanges 10, 11 and rods 13 forming the beam web is connected parallel to a corresponding beam having flanges 10', 11' and web-forming rods 13'.
  • rods 31 (31') which extend at right angles to the flanges 10, 11 and are anchored in the flanges 10, 11 in the same manner as the rods 13.
  • the flanges 10, 10' and 11, 11' engage each other along one of their side faces and, on the outer faces of the flanges 10, 10' and 11, 11' which are facing away from each other, sheet members, preferably strips 10", 11" of plywood, are secured by gluing, nailing or a combination thereof. Also the sides of the flanges 10, 10'; 11, 11' are preferably interconnected by gluing. As is obvious, additional beams according to the invention can be disposed between the flanges 10, 10' and 11, 11' with their flange surfaces which are facing away from each other engaging the mutually facing flange surfaces of the first-mentioned beams.
  • the inner beams of course extend between the space between the points of connection of consecutive rods in the flanges 10, 10' and 11, 11'. It will be understood that beams according to the invention, which can easily be obtained in many different dimensions, can be used for producing many different types of constructions complying with widely different needs.
  • the invention makes it possible in a simple and rational manner to produce suitably dimensioned beams.
  • a specific advantage offered by the beam according to the invention is that it is easy to cut between two adjacent end pieces.
  • straight beams are shown in the drawings, it is possible without any difficulties to produce, for instance, beams having a decreasing web height, a curved upper flange 10 for vaulted roof surfaces etc., by using metal rods 13 of decreasing length.
  • the invention therefore is an important technical improvement by allowing simple, rational manufacture of beams suited for the specific uses.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Abstract

Poutre possédant des rebords (10, 11) en bois et une âme reliant ces rebords et se composant de tiges métalliques (13) inclinées l'une par rapport à l'autre dans le plan de l'âme et décrivant comme les barres une courbe trapézoïdale et présentant des parties terminales (14 et 15, respectivement) pliées dans le même plan et suivant le même angle mais dans le sens opposé et fixées dans des évidements (26) dans les rebords (10, 11). Entre les parties centrales et les parties terminales (14, 15) des tiges métalliques, des rondelles (28) s'adaptent étroitement dans les évidements. Les parties terminales (14, 15) sont fixées soit dans des trous borgnes (26), en prise dans la paroi du trou, soit dans des trous traversants à l'aide d'un écrou ou similaire se vissant sur la partie terminale et s'appuyant contre le fond d'un évidement de l'extrémité du trou éloignée de l'âme. De préférence, les parties terminales (14, 15) sont collées dans leurs trous et les rondelles dans leurs évidements. Les rebords (10, 11) de la poutre sont pourvus de trous en retrait à des endroits prédéterminés, les rondelles sont pressées dans les évidements (27) et les parties terminales (14, 15) des tiges formant l'âme sont introduites dans leurs trous par l'ouverture des rondelles.

Claims (12)

1. Une poutre comportant des ailes (10, 11) en bois et une âme (12) reliant lesdites ailes et constituée par des barres métalliques (13) inclinées les unes par rapport aux autres dans le plan de l'âme comme les branches d'une courbe en trapèze, caractérisée par le fait que les parties d'extrémité opposées (14, 15) de chaque barre métallique (13) sont coudées dans le même plan et au même angle, mais en sens inverse vers lesdites ailes (10, 11) et qu'elles ont une longueur qui n'est pas supérieure à l'épaisseur des ailes, qu'une rondelle (28) est prévue à la zone de passage entre la partie centrale de la barre (13) et chaque partie d'extrémité (14, 15), et que lesdites parties d'extrémité (14, 15) sont fixées dans des alésages (16) aménagés dans les ailes (10, 11) de la poutre, ladite rondelle (17, 28) étant montée à ajustement étroit dans un évidement entourant ledit alésage.
2. Poutre selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que les parties d'extrémité (14, 15) sont fixées dans leurs alésages (16) au moyen d'un écrou (18) qui engage l'extrémité de ladite partie d'extrémité au moyen d'un filetage de celle-ci et dont le côté inférieur engage le fond d'un évidement de l'alésage (16) du côté extérieur de l'aile (10, 11).
3. Poutre selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que les parties d'extrémité (14, 15) sont fixées dans leurs alésages (16) au moyen de nervures ou d'arêtes circonférentielles (25) engageant la paroi de l'alésage.
4. Poutre selon la revendication 1 ou 3, caractérisée par le fait que les parties d'extrémité (14, 15) ont une longueur qui est inférieure à l'épaisseur des ailes et qu'elles sont fixées dans des alésages borgnes aménagées dans les ailes (10, 11).
5. Poutre selon la revendication 1, 2, 3 ou 4, caractérisée par le fait que la rondelle (17) à la zone de passage entre la partie centrale de la barre et ses parties d'extrémité (14, 17) est commune à deux parties d'extrémité adjacentes (14, 14; 15, 15).
6. Poutre selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que les parties d'extrémité (14, 15) sont fixées dans leurs alésages au moyen d'une colle.
7. Poutre selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que les trous centraux (29) des rondelles (28) ont un diamètre inférieur à celui des parties d'extrémité (14, 15), et que lesdites rondelles (28) présentent une fente radiale s'étendant de la périphérie extérieure jusqu'au trou central (29).
8. Poutre selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que les rondelles (28) sont fixées dans leurs évidements (27) au moyen d'une colle.
9. Poutre selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que les barres (13) sont reliées les unes aux autres de façon rigide à proximité de la zone de passage entre la partie centrale (13) de la barre et ses parties d'extrémité (14, 15) au moyen de tiges ou de bandes s'étendant parallèlement aux ailes (10, 11
10. Procédé de production d'une poutre comportant des ailes (10, 11) en bois et une âme reliant lesdites ailes et constituée par des barres métalliques (13) inclinées les unes par rapport aux autres parallèlement au plan de l'âme comme les branches d'une courbe en trapèze, caractérisé par le fait que des alésages (26) ayant deux évidements (27) sont aménagés à intervalles pré- determinés dans des pièces de bois allongées formant lesdites ailes, que des rondelles (28) en plastique ou en métal ayant un trou central (29) sont montées dans lesdits évidements (27), et que des parties d'extrémité (14,15) des barres métalliques (13), qui sont coudées dans le même plan et au même angle, mais en sens inverse vers lesdites ailes (10, 11), sont poussées à travers lesdites rondelles (28) et enfoncées dans lesdits alésages (26).
11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé par le fait que les rondelles (28) ont une fente radiale (30) et que leurs trous centraux (29) ont un diamètre inférieur à celui des parties d'extrémité (14, 15) de sorte que les rondelles soient serrées contre la périphérie des évidements (27) lorsque les parties d'extrémité (14, 15) sont enfoncées à eux.
12. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé par le fait que les parties d'extrémité (14, 15) sont usinées, par exemple de façon à présenter des barbes (22) ou des nervures périphériques (25), des filetages etc., avant d'être enfoncées dans lesdits alésages.
EP86902537A 1985-03-22 1986-03-24 Poutre et procede de production Expired EP0248017B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86902537T ATE57223T1 (de) 1985-03-22 1986-03-24 Balken und dessen herstellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8501413 1985-03-22
SE8501413A SE447287B (sv) 1985-03-22 1985-03-22 Balk och sett for framstellning derav

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0248017A1 EP0248017A1 (fr) 1987-12-09
EP0248017B1 true EP0248017B1 (fr) 1990-10-03

Family

ID=20359602

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86902537A Expired EP0248017B1 (fr) 1985-03-22 1986-03-24 Poutre et procede de production

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4819400A (fr)
EP (1) EP0248017B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS63500531A (fr)
AU (1) AU591117B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE3674789D1 (fr)
SE (1) SE447287B (fr)
WO (1) WO1986005537A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0328544A1 (fr) * 1986-10-30 1989-08-23 Stalin Konsulter Ab Poutre
BE1001019A3 (fr) * 1987-11-06 1989-06-13 Jacques Willens Poutre mixte.
DE3941470A1 (de) * 1989-12-15 1991-06-20 Martin Wiese Gittertraeger fuer raumfachwerke
CA2064391C (fr) * 1991-03-29 2001-08-21 Jacob R. Wiebe Element de structure en bois destine a etre utilise dans un batiment
US20040056167A1 (en) * 2002-09-20 2004-03-25 Vogt William R. Tolerant mounting apparatus
AT503216B1 (de) * 2005-12-07 2009-05-15 Krestel Stefan Trägerartiges, aus miteinander verbundenen einzelteilen zusammengesetztes bauelement
US9038347B2 (en) * 2012-12-24 2015-05-26 Whole Trees, LLC Truss and column structures incorporating natural round timbers and natural branched round timbers
US11236507B2 (en) 2015-08-26 2022-02-01 Omg, Inc. Structural truss module with fastener web and manufacturing method therefor
US11519174B2 (en) 2015-08-26 2022-12-06 Omg, Inc. Building structure formed by truss modules and method of forming
JP6339150B2 (ja) * 2016-10-18 2018-06-06 株式会社シェルター 木製建築部材の補強方法

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US368687A (en) * 1887-08-23 Chaeles d
DE857139C (de) * 1950-02-23 1952-11-27 Burkhardt Dipl-Ing Hoffmann Gittertraeger aus Holzgurten und Metallstreben sowie Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
GB846599A (en) * 1957-01-25 1960-08-31 Victor Michel Improvements in or relating to beams or girders of wood with metal reinforcements
US3229440A (en) * 1963-05-23 1966-01-18 Arthur L Troutner Bridging clip for trussjoist
US3416283A (en) * 1966-11-03 1968-12-17 Sanford Arthur Carol Combination wood and metal trusses
DE1659093A1 (de) * 1967-11-02 1970-12-23 Greimbau Lizenz Gmbh Fachwerkartiges Bauelement
DE2042890C3 (de) * 1970-08-29 1979-01-18 Freischem, Werner, Dipl.-Ing., 5000 Koeln Schalungselement
US3778946A (en) * 1970-12-21 1973-12-18 Woodco Ltd Truss and method of making same
US4077176A (en) * 1976-10-18 1978-03-07 Frederick Bauer Truss joists
US4069635A (en) * 1977-01-10 1978-01-24 Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. Truss structure with clevis assembly joints

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU591117B2 (en) 1989-11-30
SE8501413D0 (sv) 1985-03-22
SE8501413L (sv) 1986-09-23
SE447287B (sv) 1986-11-03
JPS63500531A (ja) 1988-02-25
DE3674789D1 (de) 1990-11-08
US4819400A (en) 1989-04-11
WO1986005537A1 (fr) 1986-09-25
EP0248017A1 (fr) 1987-12-09
AU5667886A (en) 1986-10-13

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