EP0246947B1 - Submersible electrical connector - Google Patents

Submersible electrical connector Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0246947B1
EP0246947B1 EP87401030A EP87401030A EP0246947B1 EP 0246947 B1 EP0246947 B1 EP 0246947B1 EP 87401030 A EP87401030 A EP 87401030A EP 87401030 A EP87401030 A EP 87401030A EP 0246947 B1 EP0246947 B1 EP 0246947B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electric
insulating
cable head
electric cable
seat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87401030A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0246947A1 (en
Inventor
Henri Domingues
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Total Compagnie Francaise des Petroles SA
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Total Compagnie Francaise des Petroles SA
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Publication of EP0246947A1 publication Critical patent/EP0246947A1/en
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Publication of EP0246947B1 publication Critical patent/EP0246947B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/40Securing contact members in or to a base or case; Insulating of contact members
    • H01R13/405Securing in non-demountable manner, e.g. moulding, riveting
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/46Bases; Cases
    • H01R13/52Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof cases
    • H01R13/523Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof cases for use under water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical connector of the type comprising a base fixed on the wall of an appliance such as an electric or electronic box, an electric cable head intended to engage in this base, two sets of complementary contact parts. a first set of which is arranged in the base and the second set in the cable head, each contact piece of one set being designed to engage with a contact piece complementary to the other set in order to ensure electrical connections between the device and the electrical cable and it is intended to allow prolonged use of this connector in immersion in water after having made the connection in air.
  • Such connectors are known for example from documents US-A-3,963,297 and US-A-3,816,641.
  • the electric cable comprises, from the outside to the inside, at least one insulating outer sheath, a metal frame, an insulating inner sheath and individually insulated electrical conductors.
  • the electric cable head comprises a metallic structure, of generally tubular shape, receiving the end of the electric cable and sealingly holding towards the front end of the electric cable head an insulating contact-carrying part in which the parts are embedded. of the second set. Each of these contact parts is electrically connected to the end of one of the electrical conductors of the cable. So that the connector can be submerged, provision has already been made to stop the outer sheath of the cable at a distance from the front end of the electrical cable head greater than the distance at which the end of the inner sheath ends.
  • An objective of the invention is to further increase the life under water of an electrical connector of the type which has just been described in order to reach the durations currently desired and it has been found that this result can be achieved by separating the insulated electrical conductors of the cable from one another in a space between the end of the inner sheath and the contact-holding insulating part and by inserting into this space in a sealed manner vis-à-vis the metallic structure of the cable head, an insulating plug crossed in a sealed manner by each of the insulated electrical conductors, thus spaced apart from one another.
  • This base comprising a metal part which forms a first tubular portion, for engagement in the wall, a second tubular portion, for receiving the head of the electric cable and a flange between these two tubular portions, it has been found that it is advantageous to provide both an annular seal on the first tubular portion and an annular seal on the flange, in contact with the wall.
  • a base 2 On the wall 1 of a device not shown is mounted a base 2 inside which are fixed pins 3, partially embedded in a sealed and insulating filling 4, electrically connected by connections 5 to organs arranged at the inside of this unit.
  • This base 2 is designed to receive the head 6 of an electric cable 7.
  • This head 6 comprises a metallic structure, of generally tubular shape, consisting of an axial succession of parts fitting into each other. We can distinguish: a central tubular metal part 8, a front tubular metal part 9 mechanically linked to the previous one by overlapping the neighboring ends and application of an auxiliary sleeve 10 linked to the part 9 and retained longitudinally on the part 8 by a circlip 11, a rear tubular metal part 12 partially overlapping the part 8.
  • These metal parts, as well as others which will be mentioned, are, for example, made of stainless steel or of marine bronze UA9F .
  • the cable 7 comprises an outer insulating sheath 13 which is stopped in a transverse plane 14 located near the entry of the cable into the cable head 6, a metal frame 15 which is radially separated, a little further forward, to be retained between the rear tubular metal part 12 and a metal fixing part 16 forming a nut and screwing onto the part 12, an internal insulating sheath 17 which is stopped in a transverse plane 18 located further forward in the cable head and electrical conductors individually isolated 19.
  • the electrical conductors 19 are spaced from each other in the cable head 6 in the space comprised longitudinally in front of the inner sheath 17 and an insulating plug 20 is formed around these conductors spaced from each other.
  • This insulating plug 20 comprises a front portion made of elastomer and a rear portion made of hard plastic. It is held tightly in the metal structure.
  • a spacer 22 separates the plug 20 from an insulating contact-holder part 23 in which are sockets 24 provided for receiving the pins 3 when the cable head 6 is introduced into the base 2. These sockets 24 are attached to the ends of the conductors 19.
  • the base 2 comprises a metal part which forms a first tubular portion 25 engaging in an opening in the wall 1, a second tubular portion 26 internally receiving the front end of the cable head 6 and a flange 27 between these two tubular portions.
  • An annular seal 28 is provided on the tubular portion 25 and an annular seal 29 on the flange 27, in contact with the wall 1.
  • two annular seals 30 are provided, arranged on sections with different internal diameters.
  • An overmolding 32 in an elastomer is applied to the inner sheath 17 and the metal part 8.
  • An overmolding 33 in an elastomer is applied to the outer sheath 13, all the metal parts 16, 12, 8 and 10 and against the part metallic 9. This overmolding 33 therefore covers the entire metallic structure with the exception of the front part of the front metallic part 9 surrounded by the external sleeve 31.
  • each electrical conductor can be tested during manufacture by mounting the connector on the wall of an enclosure subjected to a high vacuum, while helium is injected into the rear part of the cable head. .

Description

L'invention concerne un connecteur électrique du type comprenant une embase fixée sur la paroi d'un appareil tel qu'un boitier électrique ou électronique, une tête de câble électrique prévue pour s'engager dans cette embase, deux ensembles de pièces de contact complémentaires dont un premier ensemble est disposé dans l'embase et le deuxième ensemble dans la tête de câble, chaque pièce de contact d'un ensemble étant prévue pour s'engager avec une pièce de contact complémentaire de l'autre ensemble afin d'assurer des liaisons électriques entre l'appareil et le câble électrique et elle vise à permettre une utilisation prolongée de ce connecteur en immersion dans l'eau après en avoir effectué le raccordement dans l'air. De tels connecteurs sont connus par example des documents US-A-3 963 297 et US-A-3 816 641.The invention relates to an electrical connector of the type comprising a base fixed on the wall of an appliance such as an electric or electronic box, an electric cable head intended to engage in this base, two sets of complementary contact parts. a first set of which is arranged in the base and the second set in the cable head, each contact piece of one set being designed to engage with a contact piece complementary to the other set in order to ensure electrical connections between the device and the electrical cable and it is intended to allow prolonged use of this connector in immersion in water after having made the connection in air. Such connectors are known for example from documents US-A-3,963,297 and US-A-3,816,641.

Le câble électrique comprend, de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur, au moins une gaine extérieure isolante, une armature métallique, une gaine intérieure isolante et des conducteurs électriques isolés individuellement. La tête de câble électrique comprend une structure métallique, de forme générale tubulaire, recevant l'extrémité du câble électrique et tenant de manière étanche vers l'extrémité frontale de la tête de câble électrique une pièce isolante porte-contacts dans laquelle sont noyées les pièces de contact du deuxième ensemble. Chacune de ces pièces de contact est électriquement reliée à l'extrémité de l'un des conducteurs électriques du câble. Pour que le connecteur puisse être immergé, on a déjà prévu d'arrêter la gaine extérieure du câble à une distance de l'extrémité frontale de la tête de câble électrique plus grande que la distance à laquelle se termine l'extrémité de la gaine intérieure du câble et d'appliquer un premier surmoulage en un matériau élastomère entre la gaine intérieure du câble et la structure métallique de la tête de câble et un deuxième surmoulage en un matériau élastomère entre la gaine extérieure du câble et la structure métallique de la tête de câble. Cette disposition améliore sensiblement la tenue à l'eau du connecteur électrique mais ne permet pas toutefois des immersions de très longue durée, par exemple d'une durée supérieure à dix ans, telles qu'on souhaite les réaliser actuellement.The electric cable comprises, from the outside to the inside, at least one insulating outer sheath, a metal frame, an insulating inner sheath and individually insulated electrical conductors. The electric cable head comprises a metallic structure, of generally tubular shape, receiving the end of the electric cable and sealingly holding towards the front end of the electric cable head an insulating contact-carrying part in which the parts are embedded. of the second set. Each of these contact parts is electrically connected to the end of one of the electrical conductors of the cable. So that the connector can be submerged, provision has already been made to stop the outer sheath of the cable at a distance from the front end of the electrical cable head greater than the distance at which the end of the inner sheath ends. of the cable and applying a first overmolding of an elastomeric material between the inner sheath of the cable and the metallic structure of the cable head and a second overmolding of an elastomeric material between the outer sheath of the cable and the metallic structure of the head of the cable cable. This arrangement appreciably improves the water resistance of the electrical connector but does not however allow immersion of very long duration, for example of a duration greater than ten years, such as one wishes to realize them currently.

Un objectif de l'invention est d'augmenter encore la durée de vie sous l'eau d'un connecteur électrique du type qui vient d'être décrit pour atteindre les durées actuellement souhaitées et on a trouvé que l'on pouvait atteindre ce résultat en écartant les uns des autres les conducteurs électriques isolés du câble dans un espace compris entre l'extrémité de la gaine intérieure et la pièce isolante porte-contacts et en insérant dans cet espace de manière étanche vis-a-vis de la structure métallique de la tête de câble, un bouchon isolant traversé de manière étanche par chacun des conducteurs électriques isolés, ainsi écartés les uns des autres.An objective of the invention is to further increase the life under water of an electrical connector of the type which has just been described in order to reach the durations currently desired and it has been found that this result can be achieved by separating the insulated electrical conductors of the cable from one another in a space between the end of the inner sheath and the contact-holding insulating part and by inserting into this space in a sealed manner vis-à-vis the metallic structure of the cable head, an insulating plug crossed in a sealed manner by each of the insulated electrical conductors, thus spaced apart from one another.

L'insertion de ce bouchon isolant a considérablement amélioré la tenue en immersion du connecteur électrique et l'on s'est aperçu que, pour pleinement bénéficier de l'amélioration ainsi apportée, il était préférable d'apporter aussi une modification dans les moyens d'étanchéité insérés entre l'embase et la paroi qui la reçoit et entre l'embase et la tête de câble électrique.The insertion of this insulating plug considerably improved the immersion behavior of the electrical connector and it was found that, to fully benefit from the improvement thus brought, it was preferable to also make a modification in the means of 'sealing inserted between the base and the wall which receives it and between the base and the head of electric cable.

Cette embase comprenant une pièce métallique qui forme une première portion tubulaire, d'engagement dans la paroi, une deuxième portion tubulaire, de réception de la tête de câble électrique et une collerette entre ces deux portions tubulaires, on a trouvé qu'il était avantageux de prévoir à la fois un joint annulaire d'étanchéité sur la première portion tubulaire et un joint annulaire d'étanchéité sur la collerette, au contact de la paroi. Entre l'embase et la tête de câble électrique, on prévoit de préférence, deux joints annulaires sur la deuxième portion tubulaire distants longitudinalement et disposés sur des sections à diamètres internes différents de cette deuxième portion tubulaire.This base comprising a metal part which forms a first tubular portion, for engagement in the wall, a second tubular portion, for receiving the head of the electric cable and a flange between these two tubular portions, it has been found that it is advantageous to provide both an annular seal on the first tubular portion and an annular seal on the flange, in contact with the wall. Between the base and the head of the electric cable, provision is preferably made for two annular seals on the second tubular portion which are longitudinally distant and disposed on sections with different internal diameters from this second tubular portion.

On va décrire, à titre non limitatif, un exemple de réalisation de l'invention en se référant à la figure schématique ci-jointe qui représente en élévation et coupe axiale partielle un connecteur électrique.We will describe, without limitation, an embodiment of the invention with reference to the attached schematic figure which shows in elevation and partial axial section an electrical connector.

Sur la paroi 1 d'un appareil non représenté est montée une embase 2 à l'intérieur de laquelle sont fixées des broches 3, partiellement noyées dans un remplissage 4 étanche et isolant, électriquement reliées par des liaisons 5 à des organes disposés à l'intérieur de cet appareil.On the wall 1 of a device not shown is mounted a base 2 inside which are fixed pins 3, partially embedded in a sealed and insulating filling 4, electrically connected by connections 5 to organs arranged at the inside of this unit.

Cette embase 2 est prévue pour recevoir la tête 6 d'un câble électrique 7. Cette tête 6 comprend une structure métallique, de forme générale tubulaire, constituée d'une succession axiale de pièces s'emboîtant les unes dans les autres. On peut distinguer : une pièce métallique tubulaire centrale 8, une pièce métallique tubulaire frontale 9 liée mécaniquement à la précédente par chevauchement des extrémités voisines et application d'un manchon auxiliaire 10 lié à la pièce 9 et retenu longitudinalement sur la pièce 8 par un circlip 11, une pièce métallique tubulaire arrière 12 chevauchant partiellement la pièce 8. Ces pièces métalliques, ainsi que d'autres qui vont être mentionnées, sont, par exemple, en acier inoxydable ou en bronze marine UA9F.This base 2 is designed to receive the head 6 of an electric cable 7. This head 6 comprises a metallic structure, of generally tubular shape, consisting of an axial succession of parts fitting into each other. We can distinguish: a central tubular metal part 8, a front tubular metal part 9 mechanically linked to the previous one by overlapping the neighboring ends and application of an auxiliary sleeve 10 linked to the part 9 and retained longitudinally on the part 8 by a circlip 11, a rear tubular metal part 12 partially overlapping the part 8. These metal parts, as well as others which will be mentioned, are, for example, made of stainless steel or of marine bronze UA9F .

Le câble 7 comprend une gaine isolante extérieure 13 qui est arrêtée dans un plan transversal 14 situé près de l'entrée du câble dans la tête de câble 6, une armature métallique 15 qui est radialement écartée, un peu plus en avant, pour être retenue entre la pièce métallique tubulaire arrière 12 et une pièce métallique de fixation 16 formant écrou et se vissant sur la pièce 12, une gaine isolante intérieure 17 qui est arrêtée dans un plan transversal 18 situé plus en avant dans la tête de câble et des conducteurs électriques isolés individuellement 19.The cable 7 comprises an outer insulating sheath 13 which is stopped in a transverse plane 14 located near the entry of the cable into the cable head 6, a metal frame 15 which is radially separated, a little further forward, to be retained between the rear tubular metal part 12 and a metal fixing part 16 forming a nut and screwing onto the part 12, an internal insulating sheath 17 which is stopped in a transverse plane 18 located further forward in the cable head and electrical conductors individually isolated 19.

Les conducteurs électriques 19 sont écartés les uns des autres dans la tête de câble 6 dans l'espace compris longitudinalement en avant de la gaine intérieure 17 et un bouchon isolant 20 est formé autour de ces conducteurs écartés les uns des autres. Ce bouchon isolant 20 comprend une portion avant en élastomère et une portion arrière en une matière plastique dure. Il est tenu de manière étanche dans la structure métallique. On voit des joints annulaires 21 insérés entre le bouchon 20 et les pièces métalliques 8 et 9 et entre ces deux dernières. Une pièce d'écartement 22 sépare le bouchon 20 d'une pièce isolante porte-contacts 23 dans laquelle sont noyées des douilles 24 prévues pour recevoir les broches 3 lorsque la tête de câble 6 est introduite dans l'embase 2. Ces douilles 24 sont fixées à l'extrémité des conducteurs 19.The electrical conductors 19 are spaced from each other in the cable head 6 in the space comprised longitudinally in front of the inner sheath 17 and an insulating plug 20 is formed around these conductors spaced from each other. This insulating plug 20 comprises a front portion made of elastomer and a rear portion made of hard plastic. It is held tightly in the metal structure. There are annular seals 21 inserted between the plug 20 and the metal parts 8 and 9 and between the latter two. A spacer 22 separates the plug 20 from an insulating contact-holder part 23 in which are sockets 24 provided for receiving the pins 3 when the cable head 6 is introduced into the base 2. These sockets 24 are attached to the ends of the conductors 19.

L'embase 2 comprend une pièce métallique qui forme une première portion tubulaire 25 s'engageant dans une ouverture de la paroi 1, une deuxième portion tubulaire 26 recevant intérieurement l'extrémité avant de la tête de câble 6 et une collerette 27 entre ces deux portions tubulaires. On a prévu un joint annulaire 28 sur la portion tubulaire 25 et un joint annulaire 29 sur la collerette 27, au contact de la paroi 1. Entre la tête de câble 6 et la portion tubulaire 26 on a prévu deux joints annulaires 30 disposés sur des sections à diamètres internes différents.The base 2 comprises a metal part which forms a first tubular portion 25 engaging in an opening in the wall 1, a second tubular portion 26 internally receiving the front end of the cable head 6 and a flange 27 between these two tubular portions. An annular seal 28 is provided on the tubular portion 25 and an annular seal 29 on the flange 27, in contact with the wall 1. Between the cable head 6 and the tubular portion 26 two annular seals 30 are provided, arranged on sections with different internal diameters.

Un manchon externe 31 monté sur la pièce métallique 9 de la tête de câble 6 s'engage extérieurement par vissage sur la portion tubulaire 26 de l'embase 2 pour assurer une meilleure fixation mécanique de la tête de câble 6 sur l'embase 2.An external sleeve 31 mounted on the metal part 9 of the cable head 6 engages externally by screwing on the tubular portion 26 of the base 2 to ensure better mechanical fixing of the cable head 6 on the base 2.

Un surmoulage 32 en un élastomère est appliqué sur la gaine intérieure 17 et la pièce métallique 8. Un surmoulage 33 en un élastomère est appliqué sur la gaine extérieure 13, l'ensemble des pièces métalliques 16, 12, 8 et 10 et contre la pièce métallique 9. Ce surmoulage 33 recouvre donc l'ensemble de la structure métallique à l'exception de la partie avant de la pièce métallique frontale 9 entourée du manchon externe 31.An overmolding 32 in an elastomer is applied to the inner sheath 17 and the metal part 8. An overmolding 33 in an elastomer is applied to the outer sheath 13, all the metal parts 16, 12, 8 and 10 and against the part metallic 9. This overmolding 33 therefore covers the entire metallic structure with the exception of the front part of the front metallic part 9 surrounded by the external sleeve 31.

L'étanchéité interne sur chaque conducteur électrique peut être testée en cours de fabrication en montant le connecteur sur la paroi d'une enceinte soumise à une forte dépression, tandis qu'on injecte de l'hélium dans la partie arrière de la tête de câble.The internal tightness on each electrical conductor can be tested during manufacture by mounting the connector on the wall of an enclosure subjected to a high vacuum, while helium is injected into the rear part of the cable head. .

Claims (6)

  1. Electric connector comprising:
    - a seat (2) which is intended to be fixed to an apparatus wall (1);
    - an electric cable head (6) formed at one end of an electric cable (7), which comprises an external insulating sheath (13), a metal reinforcement (15), an internal insulating sheath (17) and individually insulated electric conductors (19), and intended to engage at one frontal end in this seat;
    - two sets of complementary contact pieces, a first set (3) of which is arranged in the seat and the second set (24) of which is arranged in the electric cable head, each contact piece of one set being intended to engage with a complementary contact piece of the other set;
    - a metal structure of generally tubular shape (8, 9, 10, 12, 16) which receives this electric cable end and which holds in an impermeable manner towards said frontal end an insulating contact-holder piece (23), in which the contact pieces of the second set (24) are embedded, which are connected electrically to the end of said electric conductors (19);
    - in the electric cable head (6), a first transverse plane (14), in which the external insulating sheath (13) ends, and a second transverse plane (18), in which the internal insulating sheath (17) ends, this second transverse plane (18) being closer to said frontal end;
    - a first over-moulding made of an elastomeric material (32) applied between the internal sheath (17) of the cable and the metal structure (8);
    - and a second over-moulding made of an elastomeric material (33) applied between the external sheath (13) and the metal structure (16, 12, 8, 10, 9);
    - the connector also comprises a space arranged in the electric cable head (6) between said second transverse plane (18) and the insulating contact-holder piece (23), in which space the individually insulated electric conductors (19) are separated from one another;
    - and, in this space, an insulating plug (20) which surrounds in an impermeable manner each of these individually insulated electric conductors (19), which are thus separated from one another, and is held in an impermeable manner in the metal structure (8, 9).
  2. Electric connector according to Claim 1, characterised in that said insulating plug (20) comprises a part which is made of elastomeric material.
  3. Electric connector according to Claim 1, characterised in that it comprises annular gaskets (21) inserted between the insulating plug (20) and the metal structure (8, 9).
  4. Electric connector according to Claim 1, characterised in that it comprises a distance piece (22) inserted between the plug (20) and the insulating contact-holder piece (23).
  5. Electric connector according to Claim 1, with a seat (2) forming a first tubular portion (25) for engagement with a wall (1), a second tubular portion (26) for receiving the electric cable head (6), and a flange (27) between these two tubular portions, characterised in that two annular gaskets (28, 29) are provided between the seat (2) and the wall (1), one (28) on the first tubular portion (25), the other (29) on the flange (27).
  6. Electric connector according to Claim 1, with a seat (2) forming a first tubular portion (25) for engagement in the wall (1), a second portion (26) for receiving the electric cable head (6), and a flange (27) between these two tubular portions, characterised in that this second tubular portion (26) bears two annular gaskets (30) which are at a distance axially and arranged on sections of different internal diameter, in order to ensure impermeability in relation to the electric cable head (6).
EP87401030A 1986-05-20 1987-05-06 Submersible electrical connector Expired - Lifetime EP0246947B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8607114A FR2599192B1 (en) 1986-05-20 1986-05-20 UNDERWATER ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR
FR8607114 1986-05-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0246947A1 EP0246947A1 (en) 1987-11-25
EP0246947B1 true EP0246947B1 (en) 1991-07-10

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87401030A Expired - Lifetime EP0246947B1 (en) 1986-05-20 1987-05-06 Submersible electrical connector

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4790768A (en)
EP (1) EP0246947B1 (en)
BR (1) BR8702535A (en)
DE (1) DE3771274D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2022905B3 (en)
FR (1) FR2599192B1 (en)
NO (1) NO171437C (en)

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US4357067A (en) * 1980-11-14 1982-11-02 Les Cables De Lyons Connector for a coaxial cable
FR2527389A1 (en) * 1982-05-19 1983-11-25 Souriau & Cie IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH ELECTRICAL CONNECTORS, IN PARTICULAR FOR USE IN A LIQUID MEDIUM, IN PARTICULAR UNDER PRESSURE

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US4790768A (en) 1988-12-13
BR8702535A (en) 1988-02-23
NO171437C (en) 1993-03-10
FR2599192B1 (en) 1988-10-28
NO872090D0 (en) 1987-05-19
EP0246947A1 (en) 1987-11-25
ES2022905B3 (en) 1991-12-16
NO872090L (en) 1987-11-23
DE3771274D1 (en) 1991-08-14
FR2599192A1 (en) 1987-11-27
NO171437B (en) 1992-11-30

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