EP0245042B1 - Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Strassen - Google Patents

Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Strassen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0245042B1
EP0245042B1 EP19870303923 EP87303923A EP0245042B1 EP 0245042 B1 EP0245042 B1 EP 0245042B1 EP 19870303923 EP19870303923 EP 19870303923 EP 87303923 A EP87303923 A EP 87303923A EP 0245042 B1 EP0245042 B1 EP 0245042B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panels
roadway
band
highway barrier
roadside structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19870303923
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0245042A1 (de
Inventor
William Krage
Owen S. Denman
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Energy Absorption Systems Inc
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Energy Absorption Systems Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Energy Absorption Systems Inc filed Critical Energy Absorption Systems Inc
Publication of EP0245042A1 publication Critical patent/EP0245042A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0245042B1 publication Critical patent/EP0245042B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/14—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact specially adapted for local protection, e.g. for bridge piers, for traffic islands
    • E01F15/143—Protecting devices located at the ends of barriers

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to systems for absorbing and dissipating the impact energy of automobiles or other moving vehicles. More particularly, the invention relates to an improved highway barrier which will redirect the nose of an impacting vehicle away from a roadside hazard while at the same time dissipating kinetic energy of the impacting vehicle.
  • Rigid guardrails are usually positioned alongside vehicular traffic routes, especially highways, to prevent vehicles from colliding with fixed objects, other vehicles or from leaving the road. To this end, the guardrails must be rigid enough to prevent the lateral movement of an impacting vehicle. While guardrails function to prevent vehicles from impacting unyielding objects, they themselves may present a hazard to a vehicle impacting the end portion of the unyielding guardrail.
  • Highway barriers have been developed for use with the end portions of guardrails.
  • An example of these prior art devices are fender panels which are designed to telescope upon the application of an axial impact force.
  • These prior guardrail barriers typically have difficulties dissipating the energy of large vehicles or vehicles travelling at high speeds. When these devices are impacted at high speeds, the fastening members are sometimes pulled through the panels causing the panels to separate and failing to telescope. Furthermore, if the telescoping panels do not dissipate a sufficient amount of the energy the impacting vehicle will hit the unyielding portion of the guardrail after the panels have telescoped. This can result in the fender panels of the guardrail spearing the car and seriously injuring its occupants.
  • Breakaway cable terminals are also used to dissipate the energy of a vehicle impacting the end portion of a guardrail.
  • a breakaway cable terminal is a cable which extends from the first vertical support leg to a fender panel at a position in front of the second vertical support leg.
  • the first vertical leg is designed to breakaway, thereby releasing the cable and minimizing the spearing forces.
  • This design has had difficulty in preventing light weight vehicles travelling at high speeds from being speared by a fender panel upon axial impact with the guardrail.
  • EP-A-0115685 describes a highway barrier for protecting an impacting vehicle against collision with a roadside structure positioned alongside a roadway, the highway barrier comprising a collapsible guardrail assembly including a plurality of panels, means for mounting the panels together such that they are slidable with respect to one another to allow the panels to telescope together when struck by the impacting vehicle, and means for supporting the panels and allowing the panels to telescope together when struck by the impacting vehicle.
  • the guardrail assembly is arranged to deflect the impacting vehicle laterally away from the roadway as the guardrail assembly telescopes together.
  • EP-A-0115685 discloses a highway barrier for protecting an impacting vehicle against collision with a roadside structure positioned alongside a roadway, the highway barrier comprising guardrail assembly including a plurality of fender panels each defining an axial slot, said fender panels extending generally axially in overlapping configuration; a plurality of fasteners, each extending through a respective one of the slots and secured to a forward end of an adjacent rearward fender panel to allow the fender panels to telescope together in response to an axial force; a plurality of panel supports, each secured to the forward end of a respective one of the fender panels; and a plurality of slip bases each secured between a respective one of the panel supports and a support surface, said slip bases being oriented to allow axial movement of the panel supports, the guardrail assembly being configured and arranged to deflect an impacting vehicle away from the roadway as the guardrail assembly telescopes together when struck by the impacting vehicle.
  • the present invention is directed to an improved highway barrier which redirects an impacting vehicle away from a roadside hazard.
  • a highway barrier for protecting an impacting vehicle against collision with a roadside structure positioned alongside a roadway
  • the highway barrier comprising a collapsible guardrail assembly including a plurality of panels, means for mounting the panels together such that the panels extend alongside the roadway and adjacent panels are slideable with respect to one another to allow the panels to telescope together when struck by the impacting vehicle, and means for supporting the panels and allowing the panels to telescope together when struck by the impacting vehicle, said guardrail assembly being configured and arranged to deflect the impacting vehicle away from the roadway as the guardrail assembly telescopes together when struck by the impacting vehicle, characterised in that the highway barrier includes a rigid beam having a forward end and a rearward end, said beam extending alongside the roadway; means for rotatably mounting the rearward end of the beam to the roadside structure such that the beam is rotatable away from the roadway; and means for mounting the collapsible guardrail assembly to the forward end of the beam, said beam being effective to deflect the impacting
  • a highway barrier for protecting an impacting vehicle against collision with a roadside structure positioned alongside a roadway
  • the highway barrier comprising a plurality of fender panels, each defining an axial slot, said fender panels extending generally axially in overlapping configuration; a plurality of fasteners, each extending through a respective one of the slots and secured to a forward end of an adjacent rearward fender panel to allow the fender panels to telescope together in response to an axial force; a plurality of panel supports, each secured to the forward end of a respective one of the fender panels; and a plurality of slip bases each secured between a respective one of the panel supports and a support surface, said slip bases being oriented to allow axial movement of the panel supports while preventing lateral movement of the panel supports, characterised in that the highway barrier includes a band pivotably secured to the roadside structure; a rigid beam mounted to the band to extend axially alongside the roadway such that the beam is pivotable about the roadside
  • the impacting vehicle is deflected sufficiently by the collapsing guardrail assembly such that the vehicle either misses the rotatable beam entirely or strikes the rotatable beam at a sufficient angle to cause the beam to begin to rotate, thereby deflecting the impacting vehicle farther away from the roadway.
  • the guardrail assembly cooperates with the rotatable beam to provide a markedly improved highway barrier.
  • FIGS. 1-8f A prior art highway barrier guardrail and terminal is shown in FIGS. 1-8f, and it includes a plurality of nested fender panels which telescope in response to an axial impact force and a cable for urging a first fender panel laterally upon the application of the axial impact force.
  • the fender panels and cable function to direct the nose of the impacting vehicle away from a hard point on the guardrail while at the same time dissipating the impact energy of the vehicle.
  • the fender panels of this prior art embodiment are slotted and secured together in a nested fashion by fasteners which allow the fender panels to telescope upon the application of an axial impact force.
  • the fender panels are supported above the ground on vertical support legs which are positioned on slip bases which allow the legs to break away from ground anchors so that the fender panels may telescope.
  • the first fender panel of this prior art embodiment and more specifically its vertical support leg is connected to a cable which is anchored to a front cable anchor located in front of the fender panels and a rear cable anchor located perpendicular to the guardrail.
  • the cable is positioned so that when an axial impact force starts the first panel telescoping the cable will urge the fender panel laterally. This will cause a "lateral pole-vaulting effect" which will urge the vehicle away from the hard point on the guardrail.
  • This example of the prior art provides important advantages in that it both dissipates kinetic energy of the impacting vehicle and redirects the vehicle away from the hard point. Thus the vehicle is both slowed and shifted laterally, and in many cases the vehicle is prevented from colliding with the hardpoint even though the vehicle is not brought to a rest before the hard point.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a plan view of the prior art embodiment of the guardrail end terminal 10.
  • the guardrail end terminal 10 is attached to and acts as the end portion of a guardrail 12.
  • the guardrail end terminal 10 is designed to prevent vehicles from impacting head on the hard point 14 of the guardrail 12.
  • the hard point 14 of the guardrail 12 is that portion of the guardrail which is not designed to yield upon impact with a vehicle.
  • the guardrail end terminal 10 is designed to redirect the front end of an impacting vehicle away from the hard point 14 while at the same time dissipating the energy of the impact force of the vehicle.
  • the guardrail end terminal 10 includes a plurality of nested fender panels 18.
  • the fender panels 18 include slots 20 and are secured together by a plurality of fastener members 22 which allow the fender panels to telescope upon the application of an axial impact force.
  • the fastener members 22 are designed to engage the slot 20 of one of the fender panels 18 and an aperture 21 of a second fender panel 18.
  • Figure 3 illustrates the attachment of two fender panels 18a and 18b by a fastener member 22.
  • the fastener member 22 includes a plate member 23 and a bolt 26.
  • the plate member 23 has a preferably rectangular shape which conforms to the surface of the fender panel 18a, and thereby includes curved ends 31 and 33.
  • the plate member 23 further includes a funnel shaped aperture 27 which leads to a neck portion 29.
  • the aperture 27 and neck portion 29 are designed to receive a bolt 26.
  • the bolt 26 includes a head 30 which conforms to the shape of the aperture 27 of the plate member 23.
  • the plate member 23, and more specifically the neck portion 29, is designed to be received within a slot 20 in a first fender panel 18a and rest on the shoulders 62 which surround an aperture 21 in the second fender panel 18b. Once so received, the plate member 23 is secured on a side of the fender panel 18a by the bolt 26 which is received within the aperture 27 and then secured in place by a washer 64 and nut 88.
  • the fastener member 22 is constructed so that it does not clamp the two fender panels 18a and 18b together but rather secures them in juxtaposition to one another with a sufficient tolerance to allow the first fender panel 18a to telescope into the second fender panel 18b. Because of the construction of the fastener member 22 and specifically the plate member 23, when a sufficient axial impact force is applied to the first fender panel 18a the fastener member 22 will ride in slot 20 allowing the panel 18a to move axially with respect to the second fender panel 18b in a telescoping fashion. The axial movement of the first fender panel 18a will only be impeded upon the end of the slot 20 reaching the fastener member 22.
  • the funnel shape of the aperture 27 in the plate member 23 and shape of the head 30 of the bolt 26 prevent the bolt 26 from being pulled through the slot 20 when the fender panels 18 are telescoping in response to an axial impact force.
  • the fastener members 22 allow the panels to telescope along the slots 20.
  • the fender panels 18 are supported above the ground 42 by vertical support legs 28.
  • the support legs 28 are steel I Beams.
  • the vertical support legs 28 are bolted to a blockout 30 which is bolted to the fender panels 18.
  • the blockouts 30 prevent automobiles with small wheels from snagging on the vertical support legs 28 when they impact the guardrail end terminal 10 at a glancing angle.
  • the blockouts 30 are also preferably steel "I Beams.”
  • the vertical support legs 28 are secured to a slip base 30.
  • the slip base 30 includes a top plate 32 and a bottom plate 34 which are secured to each other.
  • the bottom plate 34 is fastened, for example by welding or bolting, to a ground anchor 70.
  • Various types of ground anchor constructions 70 are known in the art.
  • the ground anchor 70 may include a steel rectangular tubing 72 which is plugged into a concrete footing 74 to securely position it in the ground 42.
  • the top plate 32 is welded to the vertical support leg 28.
  • the top and bottom plates 32 and 34 each include four slots 36, each slot being designed to receive a bolt 38 which secures the plates 32 and 34 together.
  • the plates 32 and 34 are large enough so that they will not yield upon a lateral impact force.
  • the slots 36 are open ended so that when a sufficient axial impact force is applied to the vertical support leg 28 the plates 32 and 34 will slide apart, as illustrated in Figure 7.
  • the washers 39 define the area at which the plates 32 and 34 are joined so that the force needed to cause the plates 32 and 34 to slide apart can be controlled. It has been found that if the plates 32 and 34 are bolted together at 8.28 km- 1 (60 foot- pounds) sufficient energy will be dissipated by the slip bases.
  • the vertical support legs 28 may include an angle plate 68.
  • the angle plate 68 is attached to the front of the top plate 32 and helps to prevent the support legs 28 from becoming hung up on each other as they break away in response to an axial impact force. Because there is no vertical support leg 28 to collapse into it, the first vertical support leg 28a does not include an angle plate 68.
  • the first vertical support leg 28a is of substantially the same construction as the other vertical support legs 28 except that it contains an aperture 40.
  • the aperture 40 is located in the lower portion of the leg 28a and is designed to receive a cable 48.
  • the cable 48 extends from a front cable anchor 46 through the aperture 40 in the first vertical support leg 28a to a rear cable anchor 50.
  • the cable 48 urges the first fender panel 18a laterally upon the application of an axial impact force.
  • the rear cable anchor 50 is located perpendicular to the guardrail 12 and includes an earth anchor 56 and rod 58.
  • the ground anchor 56 is a typical concrete anchor.
  • the rod 58 is secured within the ground anchor 56 and is designed to secure an end of the cable 48.
  • the front cable anchor 46 is located in front of the first vertical support leg 28a and also includes a ground anchor which secures the front end of the cable 48.
  • the cable 48 is passed through the aperture 40 in the first vertical support leg 28a and then secured to the front and rear cable anchors 46 and 50.
  • the cable 48 extends from the front cable anchor 46 through the first vertical support leg 28a to the rear cable anchor 50. Because the rear cable anchor 50 is located perpendicular to guardrail 12 the cable 48 extends from the front first vertical support leg 28a at an acute angle to the guardrail end terminal 10. As shown in Figure 6, to ensure that the cable 48 extends from the first vertical support leg 28a at the proper angle and to prevent the cable from wearing through on the leg 28a a sleeve 59 extends from the aperture 40 on each of its sides and receives the cable 48. The sleeve 59 also helps to dissipate the energy of an impacting vehicle by being dragged down the cable 48 during impact and thereby exerting a deacceleration force.
  • the cable 48 provides redirectioning to a vehicle which impacts the guardrail end terminal 10 head on.
  • the cable 48 is designed to urge the first fender panel 18a laterally upon application of an axial impact force.
  • the cable 48 causes, as will be described in more detail below, a "lateral pole-vaulting effect" on the panels 18.
  • the cable 48 is preferably constructed from steel and is sized such that it will stretch to about 1 to 1-1/2% its length upon application of an impact force. By experimentation it has been found that a steel cable 48 with a diameter of 22.225 mm (7/8 of an inch) is sufficient to urge the panels 18 laterally.
  • FIGS 8a-8f the lateral pole vaulting effect of the guardrail end terminal 10 is illustrated.
  • the first panel 18a When a vehicle impacts the guardrail end terminal 10 head on, the first panel 18a is forced backwards telescoping into the second panel 18b. To this end, the first panel 18a slides axially along the fastening member 22. As the vehicle continues its motion, it impacts a second vertical support leg 28a causing the top plate 32 of the second slip base 30 to slip away from the bottom plate 34.
  • the rearward movement of the first panel stretches the cable 48 until the cable will not stretch any further (approximately 1 to 1-1/2% of its length).
  • the cable 48 then urges the first panel 18a laterally causing the first fender panel 18a to give a small lateral impulse to the nose of the impacting vehicle.
  • the second fender panel 18b begins to telescope into the third fender panel 18c.
  • the first fender panel 18a will reach the end of its axial movement before the second slip base 30b can break free.
  • Each slip base 30 dissipates some of the energy of the impacting vehicle. This process continues until all the fender panels 18 of the guardrail end terminal 10 have broken free giving a large lateral force to the impacting vehicle causing it to be directed away from the hard point 14.
  • the guardrail end terminal 10 may include sand saddles 60.
  • the sand saddles 60 are containers which are filled with a desired amount of sand 78. As illustrated in Figure 1a, each sand saddle 60 includes two containers 74 and 76. Each container 74 and 76 includes a bolt 72 which allows the two containers to be attached to each other to form the sand saddle 60. The containers 74 and 76 have a construction that conforms to the blockouts 30 and I Beams 28.
  • the sand saddle 60 also includes a lid 70 which snaps over the two containers 74 and 76.
  • the energy of most impacting vehicles is sufficiently reduced, through momentum transfer to the sand, to allow the guardrail end terminal 10 to redirect the impacting vehicle and thereby prevent the vehicle from impacting the hard point 14.
  • the first two sand saddles 60 are filled with 90 kg (200 pounds) of sand and the third sand saddle is filled with 135 kg (300 pounds) of sand.
  • the mass of the vehicle that can be redirected can be increased. But, it should be noted that the greater the angle cf the cable 48, the more unyielding the guardrail end terminal 10 will be. It has been found that an angle of approximately 25° redirects most road vehicles away from the hardpoint 14 of the guardrail 12 while at the same time providing a guardrail end terminal 10 which is sufficiently yielding to protect the occupants of most impacting vehicles.
  • the first fender panel 18a may include a bull nose 57.
  • the bull nose 57 provides a curved area for an impacting vehicle to hit instead of a pointed fender panel 18.
  • the guardrail end terminal 10 may be used with a standard anchor cable system.
  • the standard anchor cable system includes a second cable 82 which extends from the ground anchor 46 of a vertical support leg 28 to a transition fender panel 84 in the guardrail 12.
  • the transition fender panel 84 is connected to the last fender panel 18e of the guardrail end terminal 10 and the hard point 14 of the guardrail 12.
  • the second cable 82 is received within a rectangular block 86 which is attached to the transition fender panel 84.
  • Both embodiments include a collapsible guardrail assembly, substantially identical to that described above in conjunction with Figures 1-8, in combination with a beam which is rotatably mounted to a roadside hazard.
  • the first preferred embodiment includes a highway barrier 100 which is mounted alongside of and generally parallel to a roadway as shown in Figure 10.
  • the highway barrier 100 is provided to protect vehicles which leave the roadway from colliding with a roadside hazard such as a pole 102.
  • the barrier 100 includes a beam assembly 110 which is rotatably mounted to the pole 102.
  • This beam assembly 110 includes a rigid beam 112 which may, for example, be a beam of the type described above in conjunction with the first embodiment.
  • a steel band 114 is mounted around the pole 102 to encircle the pole 102, and the rearward end of the beam 112 is fastened securely to the band 114 by fasteners 116.
  • a rigid brace 118 is provided which includes a forward flange 120 that is rigidly bolted to the beam 112 by fasteners 124 as well as a rearward flange 122 which is rigidly secured to the band 114, for example by welding.
  • a collar 126 is rigidly secured to the pole 102, and the collar 126 supports the band 114 in a vertical position, without interfering with the freedom of the band 114 to rotate about the pole 102.
  • a tubular spacer 128 is mounted within the band 114 between the pole 102 and the brace 118.
  • the spacer 128 is sized to be more readily deformed than the pole 102 such that the spacer 128 will deform before the pole 102 during the impact of a vehicle.
  • the band 114 can be formed for example of steel of 6.35 mm to 19.05 mm (1/4 to 3/4 inch) thickness and should preferably be strong enough to ensure that the beam 112 remains rotatably mounted to the hazard 102 during normal operation of the highway barrier 100.
  • the spacer 128 is typically formed of steel tubing of 3.175 mm to 12.7 mm (1/8 to 1/2 inch) in wall thickness.
  • the barrier 100 also includes a collapsible guardrail assembly 140.
  • This guardrail assembly 140 is quite similar to that described above in conjunction with the first preferred embodiment and includes an array of axially extending overlapping panels 142.
  • Each of the panels 142 defines an axially extending slot 144 positioned between the respective forward end 146 and rearward end 148 of the panel 142.
  • Fasteners 150 of the type shown above in Figure 3 extend between the forward end 146 of the inner of each pair of overlapping panels 142 and the slot 144 of the outer of each pair of overlapping panels 142.
  • the fasteners 150 pass through openings in the forward ends 146 of the panels 142, and these openings are preferably positioned within 152.4 mm (six inches) of the extreme forward edge of the panels 142.
  • the fasteners 150 are each positioned forwardly of the adjacent blockout 160.
  • ground supports 152 which in this embodiment take the form of separate concrete foundations. Of course, a single concrete slab or other suitable foundation may be substituted in alternate embodiments.
  • the ground supports 152 support vertical panel supports 154, which in this embodiment take the form of I Beams as described above in conjunction with the first preferred embodiment.
  • Each of the panel supports 154 is secured to the respective ground support 152 by a respective slip base 156 of the type described above in conjunction with Figure 7. In each case, four fasteners 158 are included in the slip base 156 to secure the ground support 152 to the panel support 154.
  • the slip bases 156 are arranged to resist lateral forces exerted transverse to the longitudinal extent of the guardrail assembly 140, while allowing the panel supports 154 to move axially, off of the ground supports 152, in response to axial forces applied by an impacting vehicle.
  • the rearward slip base 156 which supports the forward end of the beam 112 is fastened together more tightly than the other slip bases 156 to cause it to release last.
  • an Beam blockout 160 is bolted between the respective panel support 154 and the forward end 146 of the respective panel 142.
  • the blockouts 160 space the panels 142 laterally towards the roadway with respect to the panel supports 154.
  • the forwardmost end of the guardrail assembly 140 defines a curved nose piece 162.
  • the curved nose piece 162 is formed of a plastic which deforms easily to allow the impacting vehicle to engage the forwardmost end of the front fender panel 142.
  • one or more of the panel supports 154 may support a container 164, similar to that described above in relation to Figure 1a. These containers 164 are preferably adapted to contain between 90 kg and 136 kg (two and three hundred pounds) of sand to increase the inertial mass of the guardrail assembly 140.
  • FIGS 11a-11e these figures illustrate one mode of operation of the barrier 100 when struck by an impacting vehicle 104.
  • the slip base 156 at the forward end of the rotatable beam 112 is tightened to a greater extent than the remaining slip bases 156 so that it is the last to release.
  • Figure 11a a shows the barrier 100 in its original position with a vehicle 104 proceeding axially toward the pole 102.
  • the first step in the collision is for the forwardmost slip base 156 to release and the forwardmost panel 142a to slide rearwardly with respect to the remaining panels 142b-142e.
  • Figure 11c when the forwardmost panel 142a moves to the rear to the maximum extent permitted by the slot 144, the forwardmost panel 142a tends to rotate away from the roadway, thereby exerting a lateral force on the impacting vehicle 104 which tends to move the vehicle 104 away from the roadway. This lateral force is a result of the "pole vaulting effect" discussed above.
  • This action of the collapsing guardrail assembly 140 is provided by the asymmetrical structure of the telescoped panels 142.
  • the rearward end 148 of the forwardmost panel 142a overlaps to a large extent with the second panel 142b. This overlap substantially prevents the forwardmost panel 142a from rotating towards the roadway.
  • the fastener 150 is secured to the extreme forward end 146 of the second panel 142b, which is relatively weak with regard to its ability to resist rotation of the forwardmost panel 142a away from the roadway.
  • the forwardmost panel 142a tends to rotate away from the roadway during the impact (counterclockwise as shown in Figure 11c), thereby pushing the impacting vehicle 104 away from the roadway as well.
  • the beam 112 will not be caused to rotate with respect to the pole 102 in many cases.
  • the guardrail assembly 140 will buckle, allowing the vehicle 104 to move past the pole 102 without rotating the beam 112.
  • Figures 9-12 is adapted for use with a cylindrical roadside hazard such as a utility pole, lamp pole, bridge pier, or the like.
  • a cable similar to the cable 48 of Figure 1 may be used with the embodiment of Figures 9-12.
  • the invention can readily be adapted for use with other relatively narrow roadside hazards which are not cylindrical.
  • Figures 13-15 illustrate one such embodiment.
  • This second preferred embodiment includes a roadside barrier 200 adapted to protect an impacting vehicle from contact with a wall 202.
  • This barrier 200 includes a beam assembly 210 which includes a rigid beam 212 similar to that described above in conjunction with Figure 9.
  • a band 214 is provided which defines a first pair of slots 215 and a second pair of slots 217 positioned on opposite sides of the wall 202.
  • Fasteners 219, 221 are used to secure the band 214 to the wall 202.
  • the fasteners 219 pass through the slots 215 and are positioned near the forward ends of the slots 215 to allow the band 214 to move forwardly with respect to the fasteners 219.
  • the fasteners 221 pass through the slots 217 and are positioned near the rearward end of the slots 217.
  • the slots 215, 217 are positioned so as to retard the beam 212 from rotating towards the roadway and to facilitate rotation of the beam 212 away from the roadway.
  • a brace 218 is provided which includes a beam flange 220 that is mounted to the beam 212 by fasteners 224 and a band flange 222 that is welded to the band 214.
  • the brace 218 operates similarly to the brace 118 described above.
  • a spacer 228 is positioned between the wall 202 and the band 214.
  • the barrier 200 also includes a guardrail assembly 240 identical to the guardrail assembly 140 described above.
  • Figures 13-15 operates in a manner similar to that described above in conjunction with Figures 11a-12b.
  • the guardrail assembly 240 shifts the impacting vehicle 104 laterally away from the roadway as the guardrail assembly 240 collapses.
  • the beam 212 is shifted rearwardly slightly, thereby partially collapsing the spacer 228. This releases the beam 212 from its slip base and allows the beam 212 to rotate.
  • the fasteners 219 221 cooperate with the slots 215, 217 to prevent the beam 212 from rotating towards the roadway while allowing the beam 212 to rotate away from the roadway.
  • the momentum of the impacting vehicle therefore causes the beam 212 to rotate as shown in Figure 15, away from the roadway. This rotation applies large lateral forces to the vehicle, thereby redirecting the vehicle around the wall 202.

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  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)

Claims (13)

1. Eine Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Straßen (100, 200) zum Schutz eines aufprallenden Fahrzeugs gegen einen Zusammenprall mit einer entlang einer Straßen angeordneten Straßenrandbebauung (102, 202), wobei die Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Straßen (100, 200) aufweist: eine zusammenfaitbare Leitschienenanordnung (140,240) mit einer Mehrzahl von Planken (142), eine Vorrichtung (150) zum Zusammenmontieren der Planken, so daß sich die Planken (142) entlang des Straßenrandes erstrecken und daß aneinanderstoßende Planken (142) aneinander entlang gleiten können, um den Planken (142) zu ermöglichen, sich ineinanderzuschieben, wenn sie von dem aufprallenden Fahrzeug getroffen werden, und eine Vorrichtung (152,154,156) zum Tragen der Planken (142), die den Planken (142) ermöglicht, sich ineinanderzuschieben, wenn sie von dem aufprallenden Fahrzeug getroffen werden, wobei die Leitschienenanordnung (140,240) so aufgebaut und angeordnet ist, daß sie das aufprallende Fahrzeug von der Straße weg abweist, wenn sich die Leitschienenanordnung (140, 240) ineinanderschiebt, wenn sie von einem aufprallenden Fahrzeug getroffen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Straßen (100,200) einen steifen Träger (112,212), der ein vorderes und ein hinteres Ende besitzt, wobei sich der Träger (112, 212) entlang der Straße erstreckt; eine Vorrichtung (114, 214) zur drehbaren Befestigung des hinteren Endes des Trägers (112,212) an die Straßenseitenbebauung (102,202), so daß der Träger von der Straße weg drehbar ist; und eine Vorrichtung (116, 118, 218) zum zusammenfaitbaren Montieren der Leitschienenanordnung (140, 240) an das vordere Ende des Trägers (112,212) aufweist, wobei der Träger (112,212) wirkungsvoll ist, das aufprallende Fahrzeug weiter von der Straße und der Straßenseitenbebauung (102,202) abzuweisen, während sich der Träger (112,212) bezüglich der Straßenrandbebauug (102,202) dreht.
2. Eine Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Straßen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung (150) zum Zusammenmontieren der Planken eine Vorrichtung zum Bilden eines sich in jeder der Planken longitudinal erstreckenden Spalts (144) und eine Vorrichtung (150) zum Aneinandermontieren der Planken aufweist, wobei die Zusammenmontiervorrichtung eine Mehrzahl von Verbindungsstücken (150) aufweist, die sich jeweils durch einen der Spalte (144) erstrecken, wobei die Spalte (144) so angeordnet sind, daß die Planken (142) dazu tendieren, sich in eine vorbestimmte Richtung von der Straße weg zusammenzufalten.
3. Eine Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Straßen nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei der die Vorrichtung (152, 154, 156) zum Tragen der Planken eine Mehrzahl von Plankenträgern (154), die jeweils ein oberes, mit jeweils einer der Planken befestigtes Ende und ein unteres Ende bilden; eine Mehrzahl von Trägeroberflächen (152), die jeweils mit einem der Plankenträgern (154) ausgerichtet sind; und eine Mehrzahl von Gleitstützen (156) aufweist, die jeweils zwischen der entsprechenden Plankenstütze (156) und der entsprechenden Stützoberfläche (152) angeordnet ist, wobei jede der Gleitstützen (156) eine Vorrichtung zum Verhindern einer lateralen Bewegung der Plankenstütze (154) bezüglich der Stützoberfläche (152) und eine Vorrichtung aufweist, die eine axiale Bewegung der Plankenstütze (152) bezüglich der Stützoberfläche (152) ermöglicht, um den Planken (142) zu ermöglichen, sich ineinanderzuschieben, wenn sie von einem aufprallenden Fahrzeug getroffen werden.
4. Eine Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Straßen nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der die Vorrichtung (114) zum drehbaren Montieren des hinteren Endes des Trägers (112) an die Straßenrandbebauung (102) ein Band (114), das die Straßenrandbebauung (102) umgibt, und eine Vorrichtung (116,118) zum Befestigen des Bandes an das hintere Ende des Trägers aufweist.
5. Eine Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Straßen nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung zum drehbaren Montieren (114) einen zusammenfaitbaren Zylinder (128) aufweist, der zwischen dem Band (114) und der Straßenrandbebauung (102) an der Sicherheitsvorrichtung (116, 118) angeordnet ist.
6. Eine Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Straßen nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung zum drehbaren Montieren (114) einen Kragen (126) aufweist, der an der Straßenrandbebauung (102) unter dem Band befestigt ist, um das Band (114) auf seinem Platz drehbar zu halten.
7. Eine Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Straßen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung zum drehbaren Montieren (214) des hinteren Endes des Trägers (212) an die Straßenrandbebauung (202) ein Band, eine erste Vorrichtung (218) zur Befestigung des Trägers (212) an das Band (214) und eine zweite Vorrichtung (219, 221) zur drehbaren Befestigung des Bandes (214) an die Straßenrandbebauung (202) aufweist, wobei die zweite Vorrichtung eine Vorrichtung zum Bilden eines ersten Spalts (215) in dem Band (214) an der ersten Seite der Straßenrandbebauung, eine Vorrichtung zum Bilden eines zweiten Spalts (217) in dem Band (214) an der zweiten Seite der Straßenrandbebauung und erste und zweite Befestigungselemente (219, 221) aufweist, die jeweils durch einen der Spalte (215,217) gehen und an der Straßenrandbebauung (202) befestigt sind, wobei der Träger (212) bezüglich der Straßenrandbebauung (202) drehbar ist, wenn die Spalten (215,217) entlang der Befestigungselemente (219,221) gleiten.
8. Eine Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Straßen nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Befestigungselemente (219, 221) an ausgewählten Enden der Spalten (215, 217) angeordnet sind, um eine Drehbewegung des Trägers (212) zur Straße zu verhindern und eine Drehbewegung des Trägers (212) zur Straße zu ermöglichen und eine Drehbewegung des Trägers (212) von der Straße weg zu ermöglichen.
9. Eine Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Straßen (100, 200) zum Schutz eines aufprallenden Fahrzeugs gegen einen Zusammenprall mit einer entlang einer Straße angeordneten Straßenrandbebauung (102,202), wobei die Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Straßen (100,200) aufweist: eine Leitschienenanordnung mit einer Mehrzahl von Stoßfängerplanken (142), die jeweils einen axialen Spalt (144) bilden, wobei sich die Stoßfängerplanken (142) im allgemeinen axial in überlappender Bauweise erstrecken; eine Mehrzahl von Befestigungselementen (150), die durch jeweils einen der Spalte (144) gehen und an einem vorderen Ende einer jeweils angrenzenden, rückwärtigen Stoßfängerplanke (142) befestigt sind, um das Ineinanderschieben der Stoßfängerplanken in Antwort auf eine axiale Kraft zu ermöglichen; eine Mehrzahl von Plankenträgern (154), die jeweils an dem vorderen Ende einer entsprechenden Stoßfängerplanke (142) befestigt sind; und eine Mehrzahl von Gleitstützen (156), die jeweils zwischen einem entsprechenden Plankenträger (154) und einer Trägeroberfläche (152) befestigt sind, wobei die Gleitstützen so ausgerichtet sind, daß sie eine axiale Bewegung der Plankenträger (154) ermöglichen, während sie eine laterale Bewegung der Plankenträger (154) verhindern, wobei die Leitschienenanordnung aufgebaut und angeordnet ist, daß sie das aufprallende Fahrzeug von der Straße weg abweist, wenn sich die Leitschienenanordnung (140, 240) ineinanderschiebt, wenn sie von einem aufprallenden Fahrzeug getroffen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Straßen (100, 200) ein Band (114, 214), das drehbar an der Straßenrandbebauung (102,202) befestigt ist, einen steifen Träger (112, 212), der an dem Band befestigt ist, um sich axial so entlang der Straße zu erstrecken, daß der Träger (112, 212) um die Straßenrandbebauung (102,202) drehbar ist, und eine Vorrichtung (116, 118, 218) zum Befestigen einer rückwärtigen Stoßfängerplanke (142) an den Träger (112, 212) aufweist, wobei die Spalte (114) und die Befestigungselemente (150) so angeordnet sind, daß sie bewirken, daß sich die Stoßfängerplanken (142) von der Straße wegbewegen, wenn sich die Stoßfängerplanken (142) nach dem Ineinanderschieben zusammenfalten und wobei der Träger (112,212) und das Band (114,214) wirksam sind, ein aufprallendes Fahrzeug weiter von der Straße abzuweisen.
10. Eine Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Straßen nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Band (114) die Straßenrandbebauung umgibt.
11. Eine Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Straßen nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Band (214) eine Mehrzahl von Spalten (215, 217) bildet, und bei der das Band (214) an die Straßenrandbebauung (202) mit eines Mehrzahl von Befestigungselementen (219, 221) befestigt ist, die jeweils durch einen entsprechenden Spalt (215, 217) gehen.
12. Eine Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Straßen nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Befestigungselemente (219, 221) so in den Spalten (215,217) angeordnet sind, daß sie ein Drehen des Trägers (214) zur Straße erschweren und ein Drehen des Trägers (214) von der Straße weg erleichtern.
13. Eine Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Straßen nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, die weiterhin einen zusammenfaitbaren Zylinder (128,218) aufweist, der zwischen dem Band (114,214) und der Straßenrandbebauung (102, 202) auf einer Seite der Straßenrandbebauung angeordnet ist, die den Stoßfängerplanken (142) gegenübersteht.
EP19870303923 1986-05-01 1987-04-30 Aufprallschutz-Leitvorrichtung längs Strassen Expired EP0245042B1 (de)

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US85859186A 1986-05-01 1986-05-01
US858591 1986-05-01

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EP0245042B1 true EP0245042B1 (de) 1990-07-25

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WO1989006721A1 (en) * 1988-01-12 1989-07-27 The Texas A&M University System Guardrail extruder terminal
US5078366A (en) * 1988-01-12 1992-01-07 Texas A&M University System Guardrail extruder terminal
EP0952256A3 (de) * 1998-04-22 2000-12-13 Energy Absorption Systems, Inc. Leitplanken mit verschiebbaren Aufprallelement
US6220575B1 (en) 1995-01-18 2001-04-24 Trn Business Trust Anchor assembly for highway guardrail end terminal
US6398192B1 (en) 1999-01-06 2002-06-04 Trn Business Trust Breakaway support post for highway guardrail end treatments
US6488268B1 (en) 1997-05-09 2002-12-03 Trn Business Trust Breakaway support post for highway guardrail end treatments
US6715735B2 (en) 2000-08-31 2004-04-06 The Texas A&M University System Head assembly for guardrail extruder terminal
US6783116B2 (en) 1999-01-06 2004-08-31 Trn Business Trust Guardrail end terminal assembly having at least one angle strut
US8517349B1 (en) 2000-10-05 2013-08-27 The Texas A&M University System Guardrail terminals

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JP4282883B2 (ja) * 2000-08-24 2009-06-24 日鐵住金建材株式会社 端部緩衝装置
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CN114737474A (zh) * 2022-04-20 2022-07-12 叶洪波 一种大跨径装配式钢桥结构
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5078366A (en) * 1988-01-12 1992-01-07 Texas A&M University System Guardrail extruder terminal
WO1989006721A1 (en) * 1988-01-12 1989-07-27 The Texas A&M University System Guardrail extruder terminal
US6299141B1 (en) 1995-01-18 2001-10-09 Trn Business Trust Anchor assembly for highway guardrail end terminal
US6220575B1 (en) 1995-01-18 2001-04-24 Trn Business Trust Anchor assembly for highway guardrail end terminal
US6488268B1 (en) 1997-05-09 2002-12-03 Trn Business Trust Breakaway support post for highway guardrail end treatments
US6793204B2 (en) 1997-05-09 2004-09-21 Trn Business Trust Breakaway support post for highway guardrail end treatments
US8038126B1 (en) 1997-05-09 2011-10-18 Trinity Industries, Inc. Breakaway support post for highway guardrail end treatments
EP0952256A3 (de) * 1998-04-22 2000-12-13 Energy Absorption Systems, Inc. Leitplanken mit verschiebbaren Aufprallelement
US6398192B1 (en) 1999-01-06 2002-06-04 Trn Business Trust Breakaway support post for highway guardrail end treatments
US6619630B2 (en) 1999-01-06 2003-09-16 Trn Business Trust Breakaway support post for highway guardrail end treatments
US6783116B2 (en) 1999-01-06 2004-08-31 Trn Business Trust Guardrail end terminal assembly having at least one angle strut
US6715735B2 (en) 2000-08-31 2004-04-06 The Texas A&M University System Head assembly for guardrail extruder terminal
US8517349B1 (en) 2000-10-05 2013-08-27 The Texas A&M University System Guardrail terminals

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3763895D1 (de) 1990-08-30
EP0245042A1 (de) 1987-11-11
AU583726B2 (en) 1989-05-04
CA1291355C (en) 1991-10-29
AU7226187A (en) 1987-11-05
JPS62268409A (ja) 1987-11-21
JPH07103539B2 (ja) 1995-11-08

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