EP0244644B1 - Disposition de circuit pour lampes à décharge basse pression travaillant en haute fréquence - Google Patents

Disposition de circuit pour lampes à décharge basse pression travaillant en haute fréquence Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0244644B1
EP0244644B1 EP87104991A EP87104991A EP0244644B1 EP 0244644 B1 EP0244644 B1 EP 0244644B1 EP 87104991 A EP87104991 A EP 87104991A EP 87104991 A EP87104991 A EP 87104991A EP 0244644 B1 EP0244644 B1 EP 0244644B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
capacitor
circuit arrangement
circuit
mains
lamp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87104991A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0244644A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Jürgen Fähnrich
Walter Hirschmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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Publication of EP0244644A1 publication Critical patent/EP0244644A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0244644B1 publication Critical patent/EP0244644B1/fr
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/02—High frequency starting operation for fluorescent lamp

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for the high-frequency operation of a low-pressure discharge lamp with a mains rectifier with a backup capacitor connected in parallel with the DC output, a push-pull frequency generator, the control of the alternating switching transistors via feedback with a current transformer and a series resonance circuit comprising resonance inductance, coupling capacitor and resonance capacitor, the resonance capacitor the center tap of the two transistors and the corresponding electrode of the lamp and the resonance capacitor is connected to the heating circuit of the lamp.
  • a current saturation transformer in the form of a toroid is particularly suitable as a current transformer, since it has a high magnetic permeability.
  • Such a circuit is from the book “Electronics Circuits” by Walter Hirschmann from SIEMENS AG. known. This circuit ensures a safe start of the lamp by automatic ignition voltage generation and has a low power loss. However, the circuit requires a high mains current harmonic content, which does not meet the limits according to IEC publication 82 and which causes the mains power factor to drop far below 0.9.
  • the circuit has a series circuit comprising a storage inductor and a diode, two capacitors being connected at the junction of these two components.
  • the circuit arrangement has serious disadvantages.
  • the transistors experience a heavy load.
  • the storage choke is part of the RF circuit and therefore only partially suppresses radio interference.
  • Such a circuit arrangement results in a strong dependency of the output power when the mains voltage changes.
  • the aim of the invention is therefore to provide a circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp which fulfills the requirements specified in IEC publication 82 with regard to mains current harmonic content and radio interference suppression without performance-related disadvantages and manages with a few inexpensive components.
  • the circuit arrangement with the features mentioned in the preamble of the main claim is characterized in that two diodes are connected in series to the supporting capacitor in series in the forward DC direction, the center tap between the two diodes via a capacitor with the center tap between the two transistors is connected and a line choke is connected in the line frequency part of the circuit arrangement.
  • the line-frequency part of the circuit is to be understood here to mean the area of the circuit in which, during operation, there is no up-transformed, but only a line-frequency direct or alternating voltage.
  • Such a circuit design ensures that the third harmonic in the mains current complies with the existing regulations and that the circuit causes only slight changes in the output power when the mains voltage changes. It is also achieved that the voltage at the output, i.e. on the smoothing capacitor has approximately the height of the peak value of the mains voltage, so that the capacitor does not have to be designed for high operating voltages.
  • the line reactor is connected either between the line input of the circuit arrangement and the line rectifier or between the DC output of the line rectifier and the backup capacitor lying parallel to this output. In the latter case, a diode is also connected in the reverse direction in parallel with the backup capacitor in order to largely reduce higher-order harmonics.
  • the line reactor can consist of two winding blocks, one winding block in each of the two AC or DC supply lines is switched. A circuit arrangement of this type is particularly suitable for the operation of fluorescent lamps with a lower power consumption.
  • a further reduction in the transistor power losses is necessary for the operation of lamps with a high power consumption. This is achieved with the aid of a capacitor which is connected between the center tap between the two diodes and the center tap between the resonance inductance and the corresponding electrode of the lamp.
  • the ratio of the capacitances of this capacitor to that which is connected to the center tap between the two transistors influences the sinusoid shape and adjusts the energy to be fed back.
  • the first capacitor can also be connected directly to a tap of the resonance inductance.
  • the circuit arrangement described so far is suitable for lighting devices in which the low-pressure discharge lamp is firmly connected to the circuit.
  • the center tap between the two diodes via a capacitor should not be connected to the center tap between the resonance inductance and the corresponding electrode in the circuit arrangement, but rather to the heating circuit-side power supply of the same electrode.
  • each of the heating circuit-side power supply of the electrodes be connected via a capacitor to the mains-side power supply of the other electrode of the lamp. This increases the quality of the resonance circuit, so that this circuit variant is particularly suitable for operating low-pressure discharge lamps with high operating voltages or for operating normal low-pressure discharge lamps at low mains voltages, such as 110 V.
  • FIG. 1 shows a circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp, in which the lamp is firmly connected to the circuit arrangement.
  • the main component of the circuit arrangement is the push-pull frequency generator, consisting of the two transistors T1, T2 with the flyback diodes D2, D3 (these can be omitted when integrated into the transistors), the series resistors R2 to R5 and the start-up generator, consisting of the resistors R1 and R6, the Start capacitor C3 and the Diac DK and the feedback toroid transformer RK.
  • the low-pressure discharge lamp LP is connected to an electrode E1 with the center tap M1 between the collector-emitter paths of the two transistors T1, T2 and with the other electrodes E2 to the positive pole of the mains rectifier GL.
  • the series resonance circuit consists of the resonance inductance L1, the coupling capacitor C5 and the resonance capacitor C6, the resonance inductance L1 and the coupling capacitor C5 being placed between the center tap M1 and the electrode E1 and the resonance capacitor C6 in the heating circuit of the lamp LP.
  • the mode of operation of the push-pull frequency generator in combination with the series resonance circuit for operating the lamp can be found in the book "Electronics Circuits" by W. Hirschmann (Siemens Aktiengesellschaft), p. 148, and will therefore not be explained in more detail here.
  • a winding block of a mains iron choke L2 is connected in each supply line.
  • two high-speed diodes D4, D5 are connected in series to the backup capacitor C2, which is parallel to the DC output of the mains rectifier GL, in the forward DC direction.
  • the center tap M2 between the two diodes D4, D5 is via a capacitor C7 with the center tap M1 between the collector-emitter paths of the two transistors T1, T2 and also via a capacitor C8 with the center tap M3 between the resonance inductance L1 and the coupling capacitor C5 connected.
  • An electrolytic capacitor C4 is connected in parallel with the switching paths of the transistors T1, T2 as a smoothing capacitor.
  • FIG. 2 and 3 show two circuit variants for the circuit arrangement shown in FIG. 1.
  • Figure 2 shows a circuit variant A ⁇ for the line frequency part A of the circuit arrangement with matching connection points P1 and P2.
  • this variant only one filter capacitor C1 ⁇ and one winding block of a current-compensated filter choke FD ⁇ as well as one fuse SI ⁇ are connected in parallel to the input between the mains input and the rectifier GL parallel.
  • the two winding blocks of the line reactor L2 ⁇ are each placed in the two DC outputs of the line rectifier GL ⁇ .
  • this circuit variant has a parallel to the capacitor C2 ⁇ Reverse diode D6 to reduce higher order harmonics.
  • FIG. 3 shows a circuit variant B ⁇ for the type of connection B of the second capacitor of the harmonic filter with identical connection points P3 to P7.
  • the capacitor C8 ⁇ is directly connected to a tap winding of the resonance inductor L1 ⁇ .
  • the other circuit elements such as the two capacitors C4 ⁇ and C8 ⁇ , the feedback transformer winding RK ⁇ , the resonance capacitor L1 ⁇ and the coupling capacitor C5 ⁇ corresponding to the elements C4, C8, RK, L1 and C5 in FIG. 1.
  • the direct voltage U2 is present in front of the diode D4 on the supporting capacitor C2, the direct voltage U3 is located behind the diode D5 on the smoothing capacitor C4.
  • the two diodes D4, D5 clamp the high-frequency alternating voltage U4 supplied via the capacitor C7 from the push-pull frequency generator to the voltage U2 or U3 in a half-wave alternating manner in accordance with the respective difference U2-U3.
  • This enables a current to flow during the differential phases "up” and “down” of the rectified 100 Hz AC voltage, so that an essentially sinusoidal current flow occurs from the network.
  • An excellent sine current shape is achieved in particular by a large capacitance value of the capacitor C7.
  • the higher power loss at the transistors T1, T2 which occurs as a result of the above measures is switched off by the capacitor C8 which is likewise connected to the center tap M2, the sinusoidal shape being able to be influenced accordingly by the ratio C7, C8.
  • Figure 4a, 4b shows the sinusoidal current flow recorded by the network when using a harmonic filter made of the diodes D4, D5 and capacitors C7, C8 listed above.
  • Figure 4a shows the current flow I N absorbed by the network per time unit t without additional network iron choke L2
  • Figure 4b shows the current flow I N per time unit t with additional network iron choke L2.
  • the iron choke L2 converts the charging peaks protruding beyond the fundamental wave 1 into smoothed current peaks 3, so that the final current shape which is created fulfills the corresponding regulations.
  • the line iron choke creates two further significant advantages: The radio interference that comes from the DC voltage U2 at the support capacitor C2 is greatly reduced and the input impedance remains inductive for ripple control signals.
  • circuit elements for a circuit arrangement according to the invention are compiled in the following equipment list as in FIG. 1:
  • FIG. 5 shows a variant of the circuit arrangement which enables the low-pressure discharge lamp to be changed safely.
  • the circuit arrangement largely corresponds to the circuit shown in FIG. 1.
  • the capacitor C8 which connects the center tap M2 between the two diodes D4, D5 with the center tap M3 between the resonance inductor L1 and the coupling capacitor C5
  • only a capacitor C9 is provided here, which connects the center tap M2 to the heating circuit of the lamp LP. If the lamp is removed, the push-pull frequency generator is also switched off in this circuit variant.
  • FIG. 6 shows a circuit arrangement that is specifically for the operation of low-pressure discharge lamps with high operating voltage or the operation of low-pressure discharge lamps with normal high operating voltage at low mains voltages, such as 110 V, is suitable. Except for the heating circuit, this circuit arrangement corresponds to the circuit arrangement shown in FIG.
  • the network-side connection of the electrode E2 is connected via a capacitor C10 to the heating circuit-side connection of the electrode E1 and the network-side connection E1 is connected via a capacitor C11 to the heating circuit-side connection of the electrode E2.
  • This change reduces the damping effect of the two electrodes E1, E2 on the resonant circuit to a quarter. This results in higher voltage pulses, which can ignite the lamp even at low mains voltage or high operating voltage

Claims (9)

  1. Montage pour faire fonctionner en haute fréquence une lampe à décharge basse pression (LP), comportant un redresseur (GL) de l'alimentation du secteur comportant un condensateur d'appui (CD) branché en parallèle avec la sortie à courant continu, un générateur symétrique de fréquence, la commande des transistors (T1,T2) qui commutent d'une manière alternée, étant réalisée par l'intermédiare d'une réaction avec un transformateur d'intensité (RK) et un circuit résonnant série formé d'une inductance résonnante (L1), d'un condensateur de couplage (C2) et d'un condensateur résonnant (C6), l'inductance résonnante (L1) étant branchée entre la prise médiane (M1) des deux transistors (T1,T2) et l'électrode correspondante (E1) de la lampe (LP) et le condensateur résonnant (C6) dans le circuit de chauffage de la lampe (LF), caractérisé par le fait qu'en série avec le condensateur d'appui (C2) sont raccordées deux diodes (D4,D5) branchées en série dans le sens direct pour le courant continu, que la prise médiane (M2) située entre les deux diodes (D4,D5) est reliée par l'intermédiaire d'un condensateur (C7) à la prise médiane (M1) présente entre les deux transistors (T1,T2) et qu'une bobine d'arrêt (L2,L2') côté secteur est branchée dans la partie du montage, qui fonctionne à la fréquence du secteur.
  2. Montage suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la bobine d'arrêt (L2) du secteur est branchée entre l'entrée du montage, raccordée au secteur, et le redresseur (GL) de l'alimentation du secteur.
  3. Montage suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la bobine d'arrêt (L2') du secteur est branchée entre la sortie à courant continu du redresseur (GL') de l'alimentation du secteur et le condensateur d'appui (C2') branché en parallèle avec cette sortie.
  4. Montage suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait qu'une diode (D6) est branchée en inverse parallèlement au condensateur d'appui (C2').
  5. Montage suivant une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que la bobine d'arrêt (L2,L2') du secteur est constituée par deux blocs d'enroulement, un bloc d'enroulement étant branché dans chacun des deux conducteurs d'alimentation en courant alternatif ou en courant continu.
  6. Montage suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la prise médiane (M2) située entre les deux diodes (D4,D5) est en outre reliée, par l'intermédiaire d'un condensateur (C8), à la prise médiane (M3) présente entre l'inductance résonnante (L1) et l'électrode (E1) de la lampe (LP).
  7. Montage suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la prise médiane (M2) située entre les deux diodes est en outre reliée, par l'intermédiaire d'un condensateur (C8'), à une prise de l'inductance résonnante (L1').
  8. Montage suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la prise médiane (M2) située entre les deux diodes (D4,D5) est en outre raccordée, par l'intermédiaire d'un condensateur (C9), à l'alimentation en courant, située du côté du circuit de chauffage, de l'électrode (E1) de la lampe (LP), dont l'autre alimentation en courant est raccordée à la prise médiane (M1) présente entre les transistors (T1,T2).
  9. Montage suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que chacune des deux alimentations en courant, situées sur le côté du circuit de chauffage, des électrodes (E1,E2) est reliée par l'intermédiaire d'un condensateur (C10,C11) à l'alimentation en courant, située du côté secteur, de l'autre électrode (E2,E1) de la lampe (LP).
EP87104991A 1986-04-07 1987-04-03 Disposition de circuit pour lampes à décharge basse pression travaillant en haute fréquence Expired - Lifetime EP0244644B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3611611 1986-04-07
DE19863611611 DE3611611A1 (de) 1986-04-07 1986-04-07 Schaltungsanordnung zum hochfrequenten betrieb einer niederdruckentladungslampe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0244644A1 EP0244644A1 (fr) 1987-11-11
EP0244644B1 true EP0244644B1 (fr) 1991-04-10

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EP87104991A Expired - Lifetime EP0244644B1 (fr) 1986-04-07 1987-04-03 Disposition de circuit pour lampes à décharge basse pression travaillant en haute fréquence

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US (1) US4782268A (fr)
EP (1) EP0244644B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS62243293A (fr)
DE (2) DE3611611A1 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
DE3611611A1 (de) 1987-10-08
JPS62243293A (ja) 1987-10-23
EP0244644A1 (fr) 1987-11-11
DE3769196D1 (de) 1991-05-16
US4782268A (en) 1988-11-01

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