EP0244349B1 - Device for simultaneously holding in place and sealing fixed glazings at outer building surfaces - Google Patents

Abstract

The device consists of a profiled base strip (1), a spacer (2) and a profiled cover strip (3), which can be set by means of toothing (24, 33) at a suitable distance from the profiled base strip (1) and thus adapted to the thicknesses of the glass panes or infilling panels (4) to be clasped. The profiled base strip (1) has a supporting and sealing region (12) on each side. This region comprises sealing lips (14) and a projection (15) with a convex supporting surface (16). The sealing lips (14) are sufficiently flexible to permit tilting of a pane (4); thanks to the convex supporting surface (16), however, the latter always rests on the projection (15). The flexibility is facilitated further by a constriction (17). In this way, it is readily possible to construct and seal perfectly even curved building parts, such as, for example, barrel vaults or domes. The profiled base strip (1) and the profiled cover strip (3) always remain the same. The adaptation to panes (4) of different thickness is achieved, in addition to adjusting the toothing (24, 33), simply by means of spacers (2) of different height. This simplifies storage considerably. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a device, essentially made of elastomer, for simultaneously holding and sealing fixed glazing on the outside of a building, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

A device, which also consists of a basic profile strip, spacer and cover strip, has become known from FR-A-2 312 636. In this case, the two adjoining discs made of ribs are mounted, each of which is connected to the base profile strip by means of a constriction. The latter makes it possible to store adjacent disks in such a way that they do not necessarily have to lie in one plane, but that one disk plane deviates from the other at an angle. However, this is low, because neither the constrictions nor, above all, the wide contact surfaces of the ribs permit a larger angular position. Thus, stronger angular positions due to the architecture of the building are not conceivable; Even with moderate angle sizes, the sealing effect against the penetration of moisture would be greatly reduced.

Furthermore, that device is designed such that its basic profile strip and spacers form a single part, with a round head, on which the covering profile strip is placed by means of two webs encompassing it in the manner of a snap lock. The distance between the basic profile strip and the cover profile strip is thus fixed. It is therefore only possible to frame fixed glazing, that is to say panes, or opaque filling elements which all have the same thickness. However, if the device should be usable for panes of any thickness, the panes must be bent if not at all or filling elements is provided, a type of grid or toothing is arranged between the spacer and cover profile strip, so that the distance between the latter and the base profile strip is adjustable. When executing the same, however, it should be noted that the panes move in strong gusts of wind, which are transferred to the cover profile strip lying on their outside. For example, it is not sufficient to design them in the manner of pliers that grip the spacer from the outside. Such a cover profile strip designed in this way can disengage from the toothing during large movements. It should therefore be anchored inside the spacer, which means that it must be made hollow.

The device according to the invention now meets these different requirements. According to the invention, it is characterized by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Figur 1

einen Querschnitt durch die Einrichtung;

Figur 2

eine andere Ausführungsform des Distanzhalters;

Figur 3

eine andere Verzahnung zwischen Distanzhalter und Abdeckprofilleiste, und

Figuren 4+5

die Ausbildung eines Knotenpunktes bei sich kreuzenden Einrichtungen.

Embodiments of the devices according to the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings;
show it:

Figure 1

a cross section through the device;

Figure 2

another embodiment of the spacer;

Figure 3

another toothing between the spacer and cover profile strip, and

Figures 4 + 5

the formation of a node at intersecting facilities.

The device is composed of three main parts, which are individually manufactured and then assembled, namely a basic profile strip 1, a spacer 2 and a covering profile strip 3. Basic profile strip 1 and covering profile strip 3 each have a glass pane or a filling element 4 between them on both sides. The three parts will now be described in detail.

The basic profile strip 1 has a flat strip 11, the width of which corresponds to the supporting structure on which it comes to rest. The bottom is smooth; anchoring feet or the like are dispensed with in order to be independent of the supporting construction element. The basic profile strip 1 is usually connected to it by gluing, occasionally also by nailing, screwing or tacking using staples. On the two longitudinal edges of the flat strip 11, i.e. at the ends of the cross section shown, there is a respective support and sealing area 12, which consists of a rib 13 projecting perpendicularly from the flat strip 11, essentially trapezoidal and rounded at the top, and from two sides of it protruding sealing lips 14 is composed. Each rib 13 sits on the flat strip 11 on; it is provided on its upper side with a cam-like projection 15 protruding from the common area of the two sealing lips 14 with a bearing surface 16. This is convex. The two sealing lips 14 together form approximately a semicircle. The height of the projection 15, the convex support surface 16 and the semicircular arrangement of the two sealing lips 14 allow a stepless angling of each of the two glass panes 4 from the position shown by approximately 10 ° in both directions of rotation. Such an angling of the glass pane 4 or the filling element is shown in the left half of FIG. 1, the tilting around the bearing surface 16 also being recognizable. It should be mentioned here that the sealing lips 14 naturally bear against the pane 4; they are shown here in the undeformed state. The bend is of crucial importance for the design of curved or curved building facades or roofs such as barrel vaults, domes or domes. A constriction 17, which is arranged in the rib 13 directly below the attachment point or root of the two sealing lips 14 and which also facilitates the tilting of the sealing lips and thus the disk 4, also helps with this angling.

The ribs 13 are used to derive the proportional load of the disc 4 resting on them, including additional loads, from wind, in the case of obliquely or approximately horizontally lying discs, also from snow, in the flat strips 11 and thus into the supporting structure.

Two ribs 18 are generally also provided in the middle of the flat strip 11. They serve as a guide or centering means for the spacer 2 to be accommodated, if necessary a rib is also sufficient. The spacer 2 delimits, with the respective support and sealing area 12 and the associated upper side of the flat strip 11, a channel 19 in each case for draining off any moisture that may arise due to leaks or condensation. At the same time, this channel also provides pressure equalization with the outside of the building exposed to the weather, that is to say in the event of pressure fluctuations as a result of wind gusts, and also serves as a so-called vapor pressure compensation chamber in order to prevent condensation water forming on the end face of the pane or the filler element 4 or at least to dismantle it quickly. The vapor pressure equalization is important in order to avoid a pressure drop between the ventilated duct 19 and the outside of the facade; then the sealing lips are only stressed by the kinetic energy of the water hitting the disc 4 (downpour) and not additionally by the pressure drop.

The spacer 2 is now to be shown. It holds the basic profile strip 1 and the covering profile strip 3 at the correct distance from one another and transmits the forces which arise from the contact pressure of the latter to the pane 4, as well as any suction forces on the pane 4, into the basic profiled strip 1 and thus into the supporting structure. It has two legs 21, which are connected to one another via at least one transverse web 22, but usually two transverse webs 22, 23 and each have at their free ends a toothing 24 directed towards the other leg 21. The teeth are not exactly at right angles to the legs 21, but inclined obliquely against the transverse webs 22, 23, so that in the case of forces which act upward on the cover profile strip 3 to be described, the latter is drawn even more into the teeth 24.

In the case of two transverse webs 22, 23, a rectangular cavity 25 is formed between them and the two legs 21. The only or lowest crosspiece 22 is not arranged entirely at the end of the two legs 21, but at a certain distance therefrom, so that a recess 26 is formed there with a corresponding thickening of the ends of the legs 21 fits exactly on the rib or ribs 18 of the basic profile strip 1 and thus centers the spacer 2. However, it should be noted that the spacer 2 is not connected to the basic profile strip 1; namely, it is fastened directly to the supporting structure by means of screws or nails, so that these connecting elements therefore pass through the transverse webs 22, 23 and the flat strip 11 of the basic profile strip 1. These connecting elements then also absorb the tensile forces of the spacer, which arise, for example, from suction on the disks 4; The basic profile bar 1 practically only transfers compressive forces due to its own weight and wind pressure to the supporting structure.

The spacer 2 can occur in three different embodiments depending on the requirements. As already mentioned, a transverse web 22 is sufficient for low requirements; the toothing 24 remains as shown on the upper part of the free ends of the legs 21. The thicknesses of the legs 21 and the transverse web 22 are designed differently depending on the bending strength of the material used. Since the greatest forces act on the crossbar and at the same time the greatest stresses occur here due to punctiform anchoring on the supporting structure (screws, nails), it is made stronger, generally one and a half times as strong as the legs 21.

The second embodiment is that according to FIG. 1, that is to say with the additional crosspiece 23, which together with the crosspiece 22 forms the cavity 25. A metal rod can be inserted into it, which then acts as a kind of reinforcement; because of its small dimensions, it is easy to bend in the longitudinal direction, on the other hand it is sufficiently stiff to withstand the individual forces emanating from the anchors on the supporting structure over a longer distance in the longitudinal direction (i.e. perpendicular to the plane of the drawing) so that local peak voltages in the spacer can be avoided. The spacer is thus stressed more evenly and is therefore more resilient despite the same dimensions. The metal rod is provided with holes for the passage of the screws or nails.

If the requirements increase even higher, a third variant of the spacer 2 according to FIG. 2 is used. This is no longer made of elastomer like the two previous variants, but at least partially of metal. Because of the much higher strength, the cross bar 23 can be omitted in the all-metal design, but the teeth 24 are extended to the cross bar 22. Where the spacer 2 comes to rest on the basic profile strip 1, laterally projecting rails 27 can be provided. These then serve to accommodate the connecting elements to the supporting structure, i.e. the screws or nails. The force transmission upon the action of a train is thus distributed over the entire length of the spacer 2 by these rails 27, so that it can be subjected to even greater loads. However, an all-metal design has the disadvantage mentioned at the outset of the transmission of heat or cold and sound, so that it should only be used in permissible cases; its main application is where the spacer 2 or the entire device runs horizontally and therefore the entire weight the disc 4 supported on the end of the spacer. A spacer made entirely of elastomer would bend unless the weight of the washer 4 was absorbed by special support elements such as angle profile strips or brackets. However, since the washer 4 usually rests on individual blocks (not shown) and therefore not directly on the spacer 2, it is sufficient to provide the all-metal design where these blocks (the so-called blocks) are located; in between is the cold and sound absorbing elastomer design.

Particular attention must be paid to the formation of the side toothing 24. The elastomer material of the spacer 2, which is relatively soft against deflection, leads to the fact that the legs 21 carrying this toothing can be bent apart without great force. Although this facilitates the assembly of the cover profile strip 3 and is desirable in this regard. On the other hand, there is a risk that the legs can move outwards in the event of greater tensile forces which act on them through the foot of the cover profile strip 3, so that anchoring is no longer guaranteed. By a slight undercut, i.e. Inclination of the tooth areas transmitting the tensile force by approximately 15 ° compensates for the bending moment which acts on the legs 21 of the spacer 2. However, it is also possible to provide an additional toothing between the toothed ribs of the spacer and those of the cover profile strip instead of the inclined position, which also prevents the teeth from being compared to one another. Such a toothing is shown in Figure 3; It can be seen here that each tooth of the toothing 24 first has a horizontal section 28 on its upper side and then a recess 29 projecting upwards.

Finally, the cover profile strip 3 should also be mentioned. As can be seen, it has the simplest shape of all three parts, namely essentially a mushroom shape, with two sealing lips 31 and an anchoring foot 32 with a toothing 33 which fits into the toothing 24 of the spacer 2; In order to facilitate driving in, as can be seen, the first teeth of the toothing 33 can be made less wide than the following ones. To save material, cavities, here two cavities 34, 35 can be provided; if necessary, they can also be filled with stiffening bars made of metal.

The toothing 33 is inserted into the toothing 24 only to the extent required by the respective thickness of the disk 4. This alone allows adaptation to the existing variety of discs. However, it is further improved by producing versions of different heights for the spacer 2 (and only for this). Profile strips 1 and 3 always remain unchanged. Thus, with a minimum of parts 1 - 3 in stock, a complete response to all pane thicknesses is possible.

If there are a plurality of glass panes or facade elements 4 arranged next to or above one another in rows, each of which is surrounded by the device, there is a need for a crosswise arrangement of the latter, with numerous nodes. FIGS. 4 and 5 show how such a design is implemented. The flat strip 11 and the spacer 2 run through the device lying in the falling line or are connected at the end to the same parts of a new device. The support and sealing areas 12; they are removed at the point at which a, usually horizontal, device that crosses the first opens. The latter is connected to the former in such a way that the flat strips 11 result in a flat surface which forms the bottom of the channels 19 (FIG. 1). For this purpose, the spacer 2 of the horizontally extending device ends at the mouth. Water can also flow from this device into the one lying in the falling line and run there according to the arrows in FIG. 4, because in the falling line the spacers 2 also run through the full width of the above-mentioned channels, in particular their channel floors formed by the portions of the flat strip 11, which run without steps and joints and thus waterproof. The abutting bearing and sealing areas 12 of the two devices are cut at an angle of 45 ° or generally in the bisector of the two devices, that is to say in a miter; the areas 12 of the horizontally extending devices, as can be seen from FIG. 4, are extended beyond the ends of the flat strips in order to be able to connect to the areas 12 of the device running in the falling line. The equipment can be cut to size and then glued on site; However, it is also possible to prefabricate nodes in the manufacturing plant, to which the devices connect their profile strips 1, 3, possibly also the spacers 2, on the end face (butt joint) and then glue them to them. In addition, it is also possible to manufacture a whole network of such devices in the factory by vulcanizing them together within a mold in the area of the node.

While the parts 1, 2 of the devices are brought together in the node as mentioned, the cover profile strips 3 are brought together according to FIG. with ends tapering at 45 ° or half the angle to the respective longitudinal axes, which are then also glued or vulcanized. Here, too, the connection can be made on the construction site or with prefabricated molded parts or a prefabricated network.

As a rule, the devices running in the falling line or their parts 1 - 3 are left open at the bottom and top so that they can drain and a small amount of air circulation is also possible. The entry of rainwater is prevented by a roof-shaped cover (not shown). Enough for larger institutions said ventilation, however, no longer, and additional ventilation arrangements must then be provided. For this purpose, two holes 5 are inserted into the sealing lips 31 of the cover profile strip 3 of the devices running in the falling line and then a tube 6 is inserted into each hole 5 such that it rises obliquely upwards from the hole. The height difference between the inner pipe end and the highest point of the mouth at the bore 5 should be at least 30 mm in order to prevent driving rain from penetrating into the device, ie into the channels 19 (FIG. 1). The inclination of the tube therefore depends on the inclination of the device running in the falling line, and the angle of inclination of the bore 5 must be selected accordingly.

It has already been mentioned at the beginning that not only a special shape of the device, but also the choice of the most suitable material plays a role in order to achieve a perfect mounting and sealing, since both the material and the shape must interact with one another. The device is therefore made of elastomer (for the spacer, as already mentioned, a different material can also be used if necessary). One with a modulus of elasticity of 30-60 N / mm² has proven to be expedient; the appropriate value is determined on a case-by-case basis based on the expected loads and the design details.

Claims (5)

1. Device, substantially consisting of elastomer, for simultaneously holding and sealing rigidly mounted glass panels or filling elements, on flat or vaulted exterior faces of buildings, said device comprising a base profile strip (1) which consists of a flat strip (11) and of ribs (13) placed onto the longitudinal edges of it whereby each rib is connected to the basic profile strip (1) by means of a throat (17), further comprising a spacer (2) extending from the center of the section of the base profile strip perpendicularly to the latter and having two parallel legs as well as a cover profile strip (3) which comprises a foot (32) for placing it onto the spacer, and two sealing lips whose tips are directed towards the base profile strip for sealingly placing themselves against the exterior face of the glass panel or filling element (4) whereas the base profile strip (1) is intended to lie against the other, interior face and to transmit the weights and pressures resulting from doing so, characterized in that each rib (13) of the base profile strip (10) has two sealing lips (14) extending on either side from it and being bent in such a way as to substantially-form together a semicircle, as well as a projection (15) with a bearing surface (16) which thanks to its convex shape enables, together with the sealing lips and by means of the throat, to support the glass panel or the filling element in a position which may be parallel to the section of the base profile strip or non-parallel to it; that the foot (32) of the cover profile strip (3) has an exterior toothing (33) which engages with an interior toothing (24) at the upper open end of the spacer (2), the spacer being equipped with a bridge (22) between its parallel legs (21) for solidly anchoring the cover profile strip (3) in the spacer whilst simultaneously adjusting its distance to the base profile strip, the legs (21) of the spacer (2) which are straight over their entire height carrying at their upper end the teeth of the interior toothing (24) facing each other, and that the bridge (22) is arranged below this toothing and also is distant from the lower ends of the legs (21) so as to form a cavity (26) by means of which the spacer (2) is centered onto at least one rib (18) extending upwardly from the flat strip (11) of the base profile strip (1).
2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the spacer (2) has two bridges (22, 23), by correspondingly increasing the height of the legs, the bridges being at a distance from each other and the lower bridge (22) delimiting the cavity (26) whereas the upper bridge (23) delimits the interior toothing (24) at the lower end of the latter.
3. Device according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that for an additional adjustment of the distance between base profile strip (1) and cover profile strip (3) the spacer (2) of a given leg height is replaceable against another one having a different height, whereas the base profile strip (1) and the cover profile strip (3) always remain the same.
4. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least the base profile strip (1) and the cover profile strip consist of elastomer having a modulus of elasticity of 30 to 60 N/mm².
5. Device according to Claim 4 in that the spacer (2) consists at least partly of a material that differs from the one of the base profile strip (1) and the cover profile strip (3).

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