EP0239651B1 - Lifting or depositing device for big transportable receptacles, for example, cabins, containers or the like - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a lifting or depositing device for transportable large containers, for. As cabins, containers or the like with rack winches to be fastened to the container corners by means of cantilevers, the racks of which are provided on supports for the respective large container and which can be raised and lowered along each support, for moving the lifting or lowering device and thus the large container the supports can be provided with running wheels which are mounted on a wheel stool which has a support surface for the lower end of the supports, the wheel supports being rotatable relative to the supports for the ability of the device to be steered.

A lifting or lowering device of the above type is known from DE-A-3 226 882. In this device, the wheel stools have a rigid support surface for the lower end of the supports, so that undesirable bending moments can occur on the supports when moving the large container over uneven ground. In order to lift a container from the floor or to set it down on the floor, in this known device a space is provided below the rack and pinion jacks for receiving the wheels and wheel stools at the lower ends of the supports. The supports can be inserted laterally from the outside with the attached impellers with the winch gear removed in the open winch housing, but this is difficult because of the high weights to be manipulated of the supports with impellers and wheel stools. In order to also adequately guide the supports below the rack winches when lifting a container into higher positions, foldable additional support guides are provided in this device, which can be coupled to the pivotably arranged gearboxes of the rack winches. This makes this device structurally complex and its operation requires great attention.

From DE-U-8 304 475 it is also known in a device for moving supports that can be placed on supports and containers by means of a lifting or fork bar to arrange under the supports wheel stools with a U-shaped cross-section, the running wheels on their two legs wear. The horizontal web section of the wheel stool forms a rigid support surface for one support each. If a container is moved with this device, undesirable bending moments can also occur on the supports in the event of uneven floors due to the rigid support of the supports on the wheel bolsters. In addition, DE-U-8 304 475 gives no reference to a rack and pinion winch with a rack on a support, which would enable the support to be raised and lowered relative to a bracket which can be connected to the corner of a container, to the extent that the lower end the raised support can be placed on a wheel stool that must fit under the rack and pinion jack.

The invention has for its object to provide a structurally simple, movable lifting or depositing device for large containers, in which the rack winches to be fastened to the container corners by means of cantilevers with their guides for the supports are arranged low (ie close to the bottom of the container) can be and at the same time the supports and the wheels assigned to them can be attached when the container to be manipulated is placed on the floor. In order to facilitate assembly work, separate mounting of the supports and running wheels should be possible.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the support surface for the lower end of the supports is recessed relative to the impeller axis such that when the large container is placed on the floor and coupled to it, but lifted off the ground, the wheel stool with the support surface laterally below the rack and pinion winch is movable to support the lower end of the respective support on the support surface and to couple with it, and that the support surface for the supports is provided on a rocker pivotally mounted on the wheel stool about a horizontal axis. Such a movable device is structurally simple and correspondingly inexpensive to manufacture. They are also easy to assemble, because all you need to do to lift a container placed on the ground is to attach the rack winches with their cantilevers to the corners of the container, then roll the wheels with their subframes under the rack winches or winch housings and finally roll them Insert supports into the winch housing and support them with their lower ends on the support surfaces of the wheel stool and to couple with them. Since the support surface is provided for each support on a seesaw, the advantage is achieved that uneven floors are compensated for when moving a container. Since separate mounting of the supports and wheels is possible, assembly work is simplified when using the device. Furthermore, since the support surfaces on the wheel bolsters can be positioned very deeply, ie only a short distance above the ground, the winch housings with their support guides can also be positioned far below on the container corners. To move and achieve the steering ability of the device, it is then only necessary to slightly raise the container by actuating the rack winches, so that something with the support guides between the wheels and the undersides of the rack winches or winch housing Game exists. In this state, the free, ie laterally unsupported, length of the supports below the winch housing is so small that instability of the device is excluded.

Further embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims.

Such is characterized in that the support surface on the rocker of each wheel stool can be rotatably connected to the lower end of the supports via a guide pin. This guide pin enables the supports to be coupled to their wheel bolsters in a simple, rotatable manner.

The guide pin can be attached to the support surface of the rocker and can be brought into mating engagement with an axial bore in the lower end of the supports, or the guide pin can alternatively be attached to the lower end of the supports and can be brought into mating engagement with a bore in the support surface.

The guide pin is expediently lockable in its respective receiving bore, whereby z. B. the trailing wheels when moving a large container can be kept parallel to the direction of travel.

If, according to a further development of the invention, the guide pin is axially adjustable at the lower ends of the supports or on the support surface and can be locked in its two end positions, the assembly of the supports with the wheel bolsters is further facilitated.

It is particularly advantageous to use the measures according to the invention with a rack and pinion winch, the winch housing of which can be opened in a known manner for the lateral insertion of a support. This further simplifies the support and coupling of the lower end of a support on or with the support surface on the wheel stool. A winch housing to be opened for a lateral insertion of a support is e.g. B. known from DE-U-8 235 609.

• Figur 1 eine Schrägansicht einer an einer Behälterecke mittels eines Auslegers befestigte Zahnstangenwinde, mit einem Teil einer Stütze mit Zahnstange und einem Laufrad-Paar, welches an einem Radschemel gemäß der Erfindung gelagert ist, teilweise im auseinandergezogenen Zustand;
• Figur 2 eine Draufsicht von zwei teilweise in strichpunktierten Linien angedeuteten Großbehältern, an deren Ecken Laufrad-Paare unterschiedlich angeordnet sind, die demjenigen der Fig. 1 entsprechen;
• Figur 3 eine Draufsicht der einen Hälfte der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Anordnung, jedoch mit Einzelheiten der Befestigung der Laufrad-Paare und der Ausleger für die Zahnstangenwinden an den Behälterecken;
• Figur 4 a eine weitere Draufsicht auf eine Behälterecke mit noch einer weiteren Version der Laufrad-Anordnung;
• Figur 4 b eine Frontansicht der Laufrad-Anordnung von Fig. 4 a mit einem auf dem Boden abgesetzten Großbehälter;
• Figur 5 eine Seitenansicht einer Laufrad-Anordnung an einer Behälterecke in Richtung des Pfeiles A in Fig. 3, wobei die Zahnstangenwinde und damit der Großbehälter in eine Fahrposition (1. Stufe) angehoben sind;
• Figur 6 eine Ansicht einer Behälterecke mit angebauter Zahnstangenwinde und einem Laufrad-Paar in Pfeilrichtung B der Fig. 3, wobei der Großbehälter auf eine zweite Stufe zum Absetzen auf einer Laderampe angehoben ist;

The invention is subsequently explained on the basis of the drawings of exemplary embodiments. Show it:

• Figure 1 is an oblique view of a rack winch fastened to a container corner by means of a boom, with part of a support with a rack and a pair of wheels, which is mounted on a wheel stool according to the invention, partly in the extended state;
• FIG. 2 shows a plan view of two large containers, partially indicated by dash-dotted lines, at the corners of which pairs of impellers are arranged differently, which correspond to those of FIG. 1;
• Figure 3 is a top plan view of one half of the arrangement shown in Figure 2, but with details of the attachment of the impeller pairs and the brackets for the rack and pinion jacks to the container corners;
• FIG. 4 a shows a further plan view of a container corner with yet another version of the impeller arrangement;
• Figure 4 b is a front view of the impeller assembly of Figure 4 a with a large container set on the floor;
• FIG. 5 shows a side view of an impeller arrangement on a container corner in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 3, the rack winch and thus the large container being raised to a driving position (1st stage);
• FIG. 6 is a view of a container corner with a mounted rack and pinion winch and a pair of impellers in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 3, the large container being raised to a second stage for placement on a loading ramp;

The movable lifting and lowering device according to Figures 1-6 is intended for large containers 10 (z. B. containers, cabins or the like) with a rectangular plan, z. B. lifting from the ground, driving to a transport plane, truck or the like and retracting into the hold via an inclined ramp and then dropping off. If instead of an inclined ramp, there is only a loading ramp, platform or the like (with rollers) at the level of the loading space floor or transfer level, the large container 10 must be able to be raised by means of the lifting or lowering device to such an extent that it is also on this horizontal loading ramp or the like can be discontinued. The above operations can also be carried out in the reverse order, namely when a large container is to be unloaded from a transport plane or unloaded from a truck. Furthermore, the lifting or depositing device must be designed such that the large container can also be moved in the cargo hold of the aircraft or another transport device if there are no rollers on the floor of the cargo hold.

For this purpose, the lifting or depositing device has four cantilevers 11 of the same design which can be detachably fastened at the bottom of the large container 10 and which each carry a rack and pinion winch 12 which can be actuated by a hand crank 13. Each boom 11 consists of a design known from German Utility Model 82 35 609.2, which has two plates 14 with a U-shaped cross-sectional profile open to the outside. The plates 14 are connected at a distance of the width B 1 of a support 15, which consists of a square tube, by means of one or more spacers 16. Such a support 15 is assigned to each arm 11 and will be explained below. The plates 14 are welded with their flat side to the or the spacers 16, in such a way that a vertical mounting space 17 at one end of the bracket 11 and a vertical guide space 18 for the supports 15 at the opposite end opposite the winch 12 is.

The detachable connection of the boom 11 with the corners of the large container 10 can, for. B. by means of a U-shaped plug bracket 19 A (Fig. 5), of which in Fig. 1 only the ends of its two horizontally extending legs 19 can be seen. At each corner of the large container 10 standardized corner fittings 21 (FIGS. 3-6) are provided, to which a connecting part 20 (see FIGS. 3-6) is fastened in the usual way by means of pins 22 and screws 23. This connection part 20 contains upper and lower arms 24, 25, which carry an approximately container-high, vertically arranged square tube 26. A further square tube 27 is attached to the latter at the bottom at a lateral distance and running vertically. In FIG. 1, only part of the square tube 26 is shown for reasons of clarity. The edge dimensions B 2 of the square tubes 26 and 27 correspond to the width B 1 of the supports 15. The depth of the mounting space 17 is again equal to the edge dimension B 2, so that when a boom 11 is attached to a corner of the container, the square tube 26 (or 27) fits into the mounting space 17 and fills its U-shaped clear cross-section. On the square tubes 26 and 27 at the four corners of the large container 10, horizontal bores for the passage of the two legs 19 of the U-shaped bracket 19 A are worked out at a corresponding vertical distance. The plates 14 also contain correspondingly vertically spaced laterally aligned bores 28 for the passage of the legs 19 of the U-shaped bracket 19 A. After a bracket 11 has been fitted onto one of the square tubes 26 or 27 and the aforementioned bores in the relevant square tube have been aligned and in the plates 14, the U-shaped bracket 19 A is inserted from the side with its legs 19 through these holes, whereby the arm 11 is releasably attached to the respective container corner.

Assuming that the large container 10 is parked on the floor (as shown in FIG. 4b) and is now to be brought into a distant transport aircraft, then the four arms 11 mounted in the above manner on the container corners below the guide spaces 18 for the supports 15 the impellers 30 are arranged.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1-6, two running wheels 30 are mounted axially on the legs 31 of a wheel stool 32 with a U-shaped cross section. Arranged on the web section 33 (FIG. 4b) of each wheel stool 32 is a rocker 35 which can be pivoted about a horizontal axis 34 and runs parallel to the legs 31 and which has a support surface 36 for the lower end of a support 15. A guide pin 37 is fastened on the support surface 36 and is intended for engagement in an axial bore 38 (FIG. 1) in the lower end of each support 15.

Between the legs 31 of the wheel stool 32, a stop plate 39 is fastened to the front of the wheel stool 32. On the outside of the stop plate 39, eye-shaped connecting elements 40 for tie rods and steering rods 41 (FIG. 2) are attached. Two such pulling and steering rods 41, which are assigned to two leading pairs of wheels, can be articulated on a drawbar 42 which can be coupled to a tractor.

The lateral distance between the legs 31 of the wheel stool 32 is dimensioned and the support surface 36 on the rocker 35 is so deep that one wheel stool 32 with the support surface 36 can be positioned or rolled under a boom 11 (in the direction of the arrow according to FIG. 1 ) until the stop plate 39 bears against the free end edges of the plates 14 of the boom 11. In this position of the wheel stool 32, the support 15 inserted from the front into the open guide space 18 can be supported with its lower end on the support surface 36 of the rocker 35, the guide pin 37 fittingly engaging in the bore 38 at the lower end of the support 15. Then, in order to secure the support 15 in the guide space 18, a bracket 19 B corresponding to the rear U-shaped bracket 19 A already mentioned is inserted with its legs 19 'through laterally aligned holes 28' in the plates 14 and secured in the installed position by split pins, not shown. A rack 44 is fastened to each support 15 and engages with a drive pinion (not shown) of the rack winch 12 when the support 15 is introduced into the guide space 18.

If the supports 15 and the wheels 30 are mounted on all four arms 11 in the manner explained above, the rack winches 12 are actuated by turning the hand cranks 13 to move the four arms 11 and thus the bulk container 10 on the supports 15 into a driving position (1st stage), which is shown in FIG. 5 and in which there is a certain clearance between the wheels 30 and the underside of the arms 11 or winches 12, which causes rotation of the wheels 30 about the axis of the supports 15 or of the bores 38 in the lower ends of the supports 15. In order to only have to operate two rack and pinion jacks 12 to lift the large container 10, two laterally adjacent rack and pinion jacks 12 are connected to one another in terms of drive by shafts 45.

The front wheel pairs according to FIGS. 2 and 3 and the rear wheel pairs arranged in the same way (not shown) are already in the direction of travel after the mounting of their wheel stools 32. The rear two wheel pairs in FIGS. 2 and 3 and correspondingly arranged front wheel pairs (not shown), on the other hand, have to be brought into the direction of travel shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 only after their wheel stool 32 has been attached and raised. To this For this purpose, a lever 46 is placed on the hub of one of the wheels 30, with the aid of which the wheels can be rotated in the direction of travel. The wheel stools 32 of the two rear wheel pairs are then locked against rotation. This can be done, for example, with the aid of a securing bolt 47 (FIG. 1), which can be inserted through a bore 48 in the lower end of the supports 15 and into a bore 49 of the guide pin 37 in question. The mobility of the two front wheel pairs around a vertical axis, however, must be preserved for steering processes.

Depending on the requirements, the front and rear wheel pairs are arranged at equal mutual distances so that a wide or narrow track is obtained. The latter is chosen when the large container 10 z. B. via an inclined ramp (without further lifting in the 2nd stage) directly into the cargo hold z. B. a transport plane or other transport device can be retracted. The broad gauge, on the other hand, is used when the large container 10 is to be placed on an elevated, horizontal loading ramp 490 of the transport aircraft or other transport device, as is indicated in FIG. 6. Here it is also necessary for the rack and pinion winches 12 to be actuated again in order to raise the large container 10 to a second stage, which enables the horizontal loading ramp 490 to be passed over. After the large container 10 has been placed on the loading ramp 490, the lifting and depositing device is dismantled and the container is rolled into the cargo hold. In this case, the loading ramp and cargo hold have floor castors.

Claims (7)

1. Lifting or depositing device for big transportable receptacles (10), e.g. cabins, containers or the like, with rack hoists (12) to be fixed at the container corners by means of brackets (11), the racks (44) of which hoists are provided on supports (15) for the large container (10) in question and which hoists can be raised and lowered along each support (15), wherein the supports (15) can be provided with wheels (30) for transporting the lifting or depositing device and hence the big receptacle (10), which wheels are mounted on a bogie (32), which has a abutment surface (36) for the lower end of the support (15), wherein for steerability of the device the wheel bogies (32) are rotatable relative to the supports (15), characteried in that the abutment surface (36) for the lower end of the support (15) is so arranged lower than the wheel axis that, with the big receptacle (10) set on the ground and the support (15) coupled thereto but raised from the ground, the wheel bogie (32) is movable with the abutment surface (36) under the rack hoist (12), in order to set the lower end of the respective support (15) on the abutment surface (36) and couple thereto, and in that the abutment surface (36) for the support (15) is provided on a rocker (35) pivotal on the wheel bogie (32) about a horizontal axis (34).

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the abutment surface (36) on the rocker (35) of each wheel bogie (32) can be rotationally movably connected to the lower end of the support (15) by means of a guide peg (37).

3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide peg (37) is fixed on the abutment surface (36) of the rocker (35) and can be brought into mating engagement with an axial bore (38) in the lower end of the support (15).

4. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide peg is fixed on the lower end of the support and can be brought into mating engagement with a bore in the abutment surface.

5. Device according to claims 2 - 4, characterized in that the guide peg (37) can be retained (47) in its respective receiving bore (38).

6. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the guide peg is arranged axially adjustable on the lower end of the support or on the abutment surface and can be retained in each of its end positions.

7. Device according to claim 1, characterized by its use with a rack hoist (12) whose hoist housing can be opened for lateral introduction of a support (15).

Images