Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
  • G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
  • G01N35/1081—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices characterised by the means for relatively moving the transfer device and the containers in an horizontal plane
  • G01N35/1083—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices characterised by the means for relatively moving the transfer device and the containers in an horizontal plane with one horizontal degree of freedom
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
  • G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
  • G01N35/1081—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices characterised by the means for relatively moving the transfer device and the containers in an horizontal plane
  • G01N35/109—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices characterised by the means for relatively moving the transfer device and the containers in an horizontal plane with two horizontal degrees of freedom
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S435/00—Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
  • Y10S435/809—Incubators or racks or holders for culture plates or containers

Definitions

• the present invention concerns an automatic immunoassay system, in which the inner face of the re- action vessel is used as the solid phase.
• the method of the invention may be used generally for photometric , fluorometric, phosphorimetric, or radiological immuno- assays.
• heterogeneous immunoassay methods In order to determine an antibody (or antigen) present in a sample, so-called heterogeneous immunoassay methods are used, wherein the antibody (or antigen) and an antibody (or antigen) labelled with a tracer are allowed to be immobilized on an antigen (or antibody, respectively) in advance placed on a solid face.
• the solid face, on which the immunological reaction has taken place, and the reaction solution are separated from each other before the signal of the tracer is measured from the solid face, in order that the excess tracer present in the reaction solution should not cover the signal in the antibody (or antigen) im ⁇ mobilized on the solid phase.
• the signal concerned may be, for example, radioactivity (RIA) , fluorescence activ ⁇ ity (FIA) , or enzyme activity (EIA) .
• RIA radioactivity
• FFA fluorescence activ ⁇ ity
• EIA enzyme activity
• automatized methods attempts must be made to use sets of reaction and measurement cuvettes con ⁇ sisting of several sample vessels.
• the reac ⁇ tions must be carried out at a precisely determined temperature.
• in- cubators have been used, which comprise a heatable piece and therein a cuvette-shaped recess of its own for each cuvette in the cuvette set. This solution is, however, not satisfactory, for in this way it is difficult to make the temperatures in the different cuvettes to re ⁇ main sufficiently precisely at the desired level.
• large cuvette sets cannot be used as would be advan- tageous in view of automation.
• the object of the present invention is above all to provide a fully automatic heterogeneous immuno ⁇ logical assay system.
• a particular object is to provide a system in which the heating and washing steps also ta3.. ⁇ place automatically and reliably even when large cuvette sets are used.
• the apparatus now invented comprises: a cu ⁇ vette-set carriage displaceable in the horizontal plane; a dosage head displaceable in the horizontal plane above the said carriage; a single-tip liquid dosimeter attached to the dosage head, which said dosimeter is provided with a tip that can be lowered to the bottom of the cuvette placed underneath; a dosage equipment for passing the desired liquid into the cuvette and for removing the so- lution placed in the cuvette out of the cuvette through the tip; as well as a measurement device attached to the dosage head.
• Figure 1 is an overall illustration of the whole system
• Figure 2 is a partial view -of the inside of the analyzer
• Figure 3 shows the tip of the liquid dosimeter lowered to the bottom of a cuvette
• Figure 4 shows the thermostated incubator of the equipment.
• the main components of the equipment are an analyzer 1, a computer 2 with display terminal 3, and a printer 4. It is also possible to connect other control or data transfer and storage apparatuses 5 to the system.
• the analyzer has also an operating and out- put panel 6 of its own.
• the cover 7 of the analyzer is openable.
• the sample-cuvette set is placed on a mobile carriage 8.
• the path of movement of the carriage is rectilinear, denoted by the arrow shown at the end of the carriage.
• a dosage head 9 displaceable along a path perpendicular to the path of movement of the carriage, to which said dosage head a photometer 10 and a liquid dosimeter 11 are attached.
• the direction of movement of the dosage head 9 is denoted with an arrow at the side of the head.
• the measurement is carried out by passing a beam of light from below through the hole 12 through tU>_ bottom of the sample cuvette so as to be detected via the measurement tip 13 of the photometer 10.
• liquid dosimeter 11 there is a main duct 14 connected to a tubing pump as well as a side duct 15 connected to a piston pump and opening into the said main duct (Fig. 3).
• the tip 15 of the liquid dosi ⁇ meter can be lowered to the bottom of the cuvette placed underneath.
• the tip 15 of the liquid dosimeter 11 is made of a resilient material and is preferably curved (Fig. 3).
• a cuvette set 17 for vertical measurement is used, which comprises a number of cylin ⁇ drical measurement cuvettes 18 provided with transparent bottoms, which said cuvettes are interconnected at their top edges by means of a support plate so as to make a rectangular matrix.
• the carriage 8 is provided with holes pervious to light facing the cuvettes 18.
• the carriage 8 is provided with a t crmostated incubator, in which the cuvette set is placed. In the incubator, there are heating pins which bocorr.e positioned between the cuvettes 18.
• the said pins 19 have a square section, whose sides are curved inwards following the walls of the cuvettes 18, so that a little gap remains between the pins 19 and the cuvettes (Fig. 4). In this way, air can circulate freely between the cuvettes, and the temperature in all the cuvettes remains as closely at the desired level as possible.
• the carriage 8 has a location 20 provided for the cuvette set 17, and so also a location 21 for the sample vessels as well as a location 22 for the necessary reagent and liquid-removal vessels.
• the -equipment operates as follows: The cover 7 of the analyzer is opened, and the samples, such as serum samples, are placed in the loca- tion 21 provided for them, and the cuvette set 17 in the location 20 provided for it. The cover 7 is closed, and the desired program is started. The liquid dosimeter 11 fetches and dilutes each sample into its own cuvette 18 as well as fetches and measures the labelled antibody as well as any other reagents that may be required into each cuvette. The samples are incubated for the desired period of time, whereby the immunological reaction takes place.
• the liquid dosimeter 11 sucks the reaction solutions from all of the cuvettes 18 alternatingly into the main duct 14 and evacuates them into the vessel pro ⁇ vided for them, while at the same time rinsing the duct. Now washing liquid is measured alternatingly into all of the cuvettes out of the main duct 14 , whereupon the cuvettes are again emptied in the way described above. Finally, the amount of labelled antibody immobilized on the bottom of each cuvette is measured from the said bottoms, and the results of the assays are produced as an output in the desired way.
• the solution is removed from the cuvette so that the tip 15 is pushed onto the bottom of the cuvette 18, and when liquid is being sucked off, the curved tip 15 is shifted to against the corner of the cuvette. In this way the tip 15 is always placed precisely in the corner of the cuvette 18, and the solution can be removed as completely as possible.
• the washing liquid is measured into the cuvette 18 so that the liquid jet does not detach the reacted antibody, but, however, detaches any excess labelled antibody as well as any other impurities into the solution.
• a preferred photometric embodiment has been described.
• the arrangement may, however, also be applied to fluorometric or radiological measurement.
• the equipment may also differ from that described above in other respects as regards its details. For example, it may have a separate incubation station, into which the carriage is driven.
• the dosage head may, of course, also be used during incubation, and so may the photo ⁇ meter.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Immunology (AREA)
• Pathology (AREA)
• Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
• Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)

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• 1985
  • 1985-10-07 FI FI853895A patent/FI853895A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1986
  • 1986-10-07 JP JP61505398A patent/JPS63501038A/ja active Pending
  • 1986-10-07 AU AU65405/86A patent/AU6540586A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1986-10-07 WO PCT/FI1986/000111 patent/WO1987002138A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1986-10-07 EP EP86905832A patent/EP0238582B1/de not_active Expired
• 1989
  • 1989-07-13 US US07/379,493 patent/US5073346A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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