EP0237420B1 - Vorrichtung zum Lesen und Verteilen von Karten, insbesondere von Spielkarten. - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Lesen und Verteilen von Karten, insbesondere von Spielkarten. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0237420B1
EP0237420B1 EP87400484A EP87400484A EP0237420B1 EP 0237420 B1 EP0237420 B1 EP 0237420B1 EP 87400484 A EP87400484 A EP 87400484A EP 87400484 A EP87400484 A EP 87400484A EP 0237420 B1 EP0237420 B1 EP 0237420B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
card
trolley
cards
carriage
pack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87400484A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0237420A1 (de
Inventor
Gérard Normand
Michel Persuy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Acticiel SA
Original Assignee
Acticiel SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Acticiel SA filed Critical Acticiel SA
Priority to AT87400484T priority Critical patent/ATE49508T1/de
Publication of EP0237420A1 publication Critical patent/EP0237420A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0237420B1 publication Critical patent/EP0237420B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63F—CARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A63F1/00—Card games
    • A63F1/06—Card games appurtenances
    • A63F1/14—Card dealers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63F—CARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A63F1/00—Card games
    • A63F1/02—Cards; Special shapes of cards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63F—CARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A63F3/00—Board games; Raffle games
    • A63F3/00003—Types of board games
    • A63F3/001—Board games concerning astrology, religion, or fortune-telling
    • A63F2003/00116—Board games having aspects of the Tarot game
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63F—CARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A63F9/00—Games not otherwise provided for
    • A63F9/24—Electric games; Games using electronic circuits not otherwise provided for
    • A63F2009/2401—Detail of input, input devices
    • A63F2009/2411—Input form cards, tapes, discs
    • A63F2009/2419—Optical

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus ensuring the automatic distribution of cards, in particular playing cards, which reads the cards as they are distributed, by controlling the mode of their distribution.
  • Apparatuses are known to read cards such as punched cards with 80 columns and to distribute them by friction transport of the card, but such devices are hardly applicable to the distribution of playing cards.
  • French patent 2,186,839 there is known an automatic card data dispenser in which the cards, stacked in a store, are extracted individually and are distributed in a plurality of receptacles by a deflector flap whose position is controlled by a sequential programming and selection device allowing the random cards extracted from the store to be distributed randomly in the receptacles.
  • a distributor does not make it possible to distribute predetermined deals to the players, and therefore cannot be used in particular during tournaments.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks presented by known devices and to this end it provides a card reading and dispensing device which performs an optical reading of the cards to be dispensed, which proceeds to distribute the cards according to predetermined deals by ensuring in a simple and efficient way the cards transport and their selective distribution, and which allows the reception of the cards distributed in cases of deals, such as the bridgeurs for example receive during tournaments.
  • the apparatus comprises a tray for receiving stacked cards to be dispensed, means for unstacking these cards, means for reading information carried by the unstacked cards and automatic means for the transfer of each unstacked card.
  • a horizontal wall of the receiving spout is constituted by a carriage comprising friction means which cooperate with the corresponding extreme card of the pack of cards to distribute, this carriage being moved in a translational movement which isolates said extreme card from the other cards in the pack by passing it through a selection device and, after passage of the card in front of the reading device, the carriage immobilizing the latter above said housing determined under the control of the reading device, before returning to its initial position by controlling the drop of the card transported in said determined slot.
  • the carriage constitutes the bottom of the receiving spout of the pack of cards and it cooperates with the lower card of this pack by at least one friction roller of transverse axis, arranged in the center of the trolley and designed to be able to turn only during the return stroke of the carriage, as well as by drive heels arranged in front and / or behind the roller.
  • the movement of the carriage is controlled by a motor acting on a pulley and cable system linked to the carriage.
  • the amplitude of the carriage travel is communicated to the motor by an electronic device from the information read on the transported card.
  • the card passes through non-return devices arranged in line with transverse vertical walls corresponding to the successive transverse walls of the card receiving slots, and the carriage is stopped automatically when the rear end of the card located between the non-return devices corresponding to the front and rear walls of the chosen receiving housing, which has the advantage of avoiding any precision on stopping the engine.
  • the carriage is then driven in the opposite direction (return stroke) and the rear end of the card abuts against the non-return device corresponding to the rear wall of the chosen housing, the card thus being immobilized while the carriage continues to move. back.
  • the carriage exceeds, during its withdrawal movement, the non-return device corresponding to the rear wall of the chosen receiving housing, the card is released and falls by gravity into this housing.
  • the apparatus comprises a reading device designed to cooperate with coding indications carried by playing cards to be distributed.
  • the apparatus according to the invention may also include a second reading device, designed for the identification of cards presenting information of another kind such as for example information relating to the results of a card tournament, to the content of 'a deal or the answer to that deal.
  • a second reading device designed for the identification of cards presenting information of another kind such as for example information relating to the results of a card tournament, to the content of 'a deal or the answer to that deal.
  • the apparatus has the form of an elongated box which has at one end a tray 1 at the sides of the deck of cards to be received, the introduction of the latter being facilitated by a slot 2 which allows the passage of the user's fingers.
  • the device has a central area 3 which includes card distribution boxes. As will be seen below, there are four of these boxes in the example shown, but this number may vary depending on the mode of use of the device.
  • an area comprising electrical and electronic equipment of known type ensuring the operation of the device.
  • an orifice 5 which can receive a memory cartridge to increase the capacities of the device.
  • In 6 can be arranged a keyboard, not shown in the drawing, equipped with a diode or liquid crystal display system, but this option can advantageously be replaced by the screen and the keyboard of a microcomputer or of a telecommunications terminal, connectable to the device.
  • a keyboard not shown in the drawing, equipped with a diode or liquid crystal display system, but this option can advantageously be replaced by the screen and the keyboard of a microcomputer or of a telecommunications terminal, connectable to the device.
  • 7 there is shown the location of an optical reader unit, about thirteen tracks, which is located above the first distribution box.
  • a card drawer 8 includes a certain number of boxes (four in the example shown) which correspond to the distribution boxes of zone 3 of the device.
  • In 9 is a direct access zone to the card distribution boxes, allowing to intervene in the event of an operational incident.
  • the bottom of the tank 1 is constituted by a carriage 10 which comprises two drive heels 11, 12 towards the rear, at its intermediate part two drive rollers 13, 14 made made of flexible rubber and fitted with non-return means, and forwardly a heel 15.
  • the carriage is extended laterally by arms 16, 17 ensuring its guidance along longitudinal rods 18, 19.
  • the arm 16 cooperates with the rod 18 by means of an anti-friction bushing and the arm 17 includes a guide fork, thereby preventing the guide system from being hyperstatic.
  • To the arm 17 is fixed a flexible cable 20 which is stretched between two pulleys 21, 22 continuously by a spring 23.
  • the pulley 21 is mounted idly, while the pulley 22 is driven by the action of a motor 24 (not shown).
  • the motor 24 drives the cable 20 by friction and, consequently, the carriage 10 is moved more or less far to the right in the direction of the distribution boxes, then backs up from the right to the left to its original position.
  • the pack of cards 26 rests on the carriage 10 while bearing on the rollers 13, 14 on the one hand and on the heel 15 of this carriage on the other hand.
  • a weight 27 is placed on the card packet between the axis of the rollers 13, 14 and the heel 15.
  • An adjustable cleat 28 is carried by the vertical front wall of the tray 1 and this cleat provides with the heel 15 a space 29 slightly greater than the thickness of a card, thus allowing the carriage 10 to drive only one card at a time (the bottom card of the pack 26) outside from tray 1, the other cards in the deck coming up against stop 28.
  • the axis of the rollers 13, 14 exceeds the axis of the weight 27, so that the pack of cards 26 rocks counterclockwise on the rear of the carriage 10, around a generator of the rollers 13, 14, by improving the contact of the selected card with the edge 34 of the heel 31.
  • the card then flexes slightly while deforming, which maintains the pressure on the rollers 13, 14.
  • the carriage 10 then engages in the corridor 35 located above the card distribution boxes 36, the selected card being pinched between the supports 11, 12, 13, 14 of the carriage 10 and a fallout 37 of the corridor, its transverse guide being provided by the walls 38 of the corridor 35.
  • This corridor 35 has vertical crosspieces 39 delimiting longitudinally the boxes 36 for distributing the cards integrated in the drawer 8.
  • non-return springs 40 are arranged in the upper part of the corridor 35 so as to be on the path of the card transported by the carriage 10. Each spring 40 retracts to the right when it is engaged, on the side of its ramp 41, by the card transported by the carriage 10 moving from left to right, then returns elastically to its initial position after passing by the card of the vertical rear face 42 of the spring .
  • the control of the carriage 10 is such that the latter is stopped so that the rear edge of the card which it carries is indifferently located between two non-return springs 40, which thus avoids any precision on the 'engine stop ..
  • the carriage 10 During the return movement of the carriage 10, the latter carries the card with it until the rear edge of this card abuts on the vertical face 42 of a non-return spring 40. The card then remains in place for that the carriage 10 continues its return movement, the rollers 13, 14 whose rotation is allowed in this direction not adversely affecting the relative movement of the carriage and the card. As soon as the front edge of the carriage 10 reaches the location of the vertical face 42 of the non-return spring 40 immobilizing the card, the card is released and falls by gravity between the crosspieces 39 to the corresponding box 36 of the drawer 8.
  • the carriage 10 without card returns to the card packet 26.
  • the heel 31 of this carriage is equipped with a ramp 43 which slides back under the cleat 28, under the card packet 26, then under the ramp 33 of the tray 1 to return to its initial position. In this direction of movement, the rollers 13, 14 are free to rotate under the deck of cards.
  • each card 26 to be distributed comprises at the top and to the right as well as at the bottom and to the left a reading sticker 44.
  • This has four rows and three columns, that is to say say the possibility of writing up to twelve colored dots (red or black) on a white background which are intended for the identification of the card by the device.
  • the first line 45 of this sticker constitutes a synchronization track, identical for all the cards.
  • the second and third lines, respectively 46 and 47 represent 6 bits and make it possible to identify up to sixty four documents, therefore at least the fifty two cards of a conventional deck of cards. In the case of a tarot deck, comprising seventy-eight cards, the reading sticker must include an additional column which makes it possible to identify up to 256 documents.
  • the fourth line 48 is used, by a parity check, to check that lines 46, 47 are correctly read, thereby reducing the risk of error.
  • the reading sticker 44 is remarkable in that its 3 x 4 point shape (or 4 x 4 points for the tarot deck) is symmetrically and aesthetically vis-à-vis the usual identification sticker of the card.
  • the sticker 44 of each card 26 of the package placed in the tray 1 is intended to come next to an optical reader 49 (see FIG. 2) so that the sticker 44 of the lower card of the package is read during movement of the carriage 10 driving this card.
  • the information is transmitted to the electronic equipment of the device (placed in zone 4 and not shown or described because it is known in itself), which brings it closer to the list of a given established by the device, or by a server center or by a given card (or else entered by keyboard) and assigns the card to one of the distribution boxes 36 by controlling by the motor 24 a movement of the carriage 10 which corresponds to the distribution of the card in this box.
  • FIG. 8 there is shown at 50 a result ticket, usable in a bridge tournament for example, which consists of two parts each having the format of a playing card and which are connected together by parts to break 51, 52 designed so that the burrs caused by the rupture do not constitute a discomfort for the heels 11, 12 and 31 of the carriage 10 when these ticket parts are stacked and introduced into the tray 1 of the device.
  • tickets 50 printed in red, include numbers which can be crossed out in black or blue pencil to be read by an optical reader 53 placed in location 7 in FIG. 1, above the first distribution box 36.
  • This optical reader may include a pad 54 favoring the entry of cards, and a window 55 preventing dust.
  • the ticket 50 comprises 14 tracks (lines), ie 12 result tracks and 2 synchronization tracks.
  • a shift of the reader to 13 tracks 53 makes it possible to recognize the direction of insertion of the card which can be introduced indifferently into the both directions. Coding in the margin 56 of the ticket 50 allows the location of the game and the player.
  • the ticket could be printed on both sides and be passed through the machine twice to read both sides.
  • the tickets 50 comprising the results of a tournament, are placed in the receiving spout 1 and are brought by the carriage 10 in front of the reader 53, the information of which, confronted with a standard result entered in the apparatus, com requests the distribution in a predetermined box 36 of tickets 50 conforming to this standard result.
  • the ticket 50 could include instructions for the machine such as the data of a deal or the answer to the deal.
  • the operation of the device according to the invention is immediately understood from the above description and will therefore only be explained briefly, in the event of a bridge deal to be performed according to data entered into the device. .
  • the lower card 26 of the package to be distributed introduced into the tray 1 of the device is driven by adhesion by the carriage 10 to the left of FIG. 2 passing through the space 29 provided under the cleat 28 and having one of its thumbnails 44 which passes opposite the reader 49.
  • the carriage 10 and the card which it carries move along the corridor 35, above the distribution boxes 36, pushing the non-return springs to the right 40
  • the electronic system of the apparatus controls, by means of the motor 24, the stopping of the carriage 10 in a position where it is in front of the non-return spring 40 corresponding to the rear front wall of the box 36 in which the card is to be distributed.
  • the carriage 10 then moves back to its initial position to cooperate with the card which is then below the package to be distributed, while the transported card is immobilized by the non-return spring above the selected box 36 and falls by gravity into this box as soon as the carriage 10 has passed this non-return device.
  • the drawer 8 for receiving a deal of bridge, has four boxes 36 with notches 57 facilitating the taking of cards.
  • a folding and folding cover can be associated with the drawer 8 to hold the cards in place during transport, thereby constituting a card case.
  • the drawer 8 should then have five distribution boxes 36.
  • the fallout 37 of the corridor 35 guiding the card, cooperate with it at a level slightly lower than that of the carriage so that the card is in a convex position favorable to its transport.
  • the ramp 54 is intended to flatten the card before it passes in front of the reader 53.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Conveying Record Carriers (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
  • Feeding Of Articles By Means Other Than Belts Or Rollers (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Pinball Game Machines (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)

Claims (12)

1. Vorrichtung zum Lesen und Verteilen von Karten, insbesondere von Spielkarten, mit einem Aufnahmebehälter für den zu verteilenden Kartenstapel, einer Einrichtung zur Kartenstapelabnahme, einer Leseeinrichtung zum Lesen von Informationen, die sich auf einer vom Stapel abgenommenen Karte befinden, und mit einer automatischen Transporteinrichtung zur Weiterleitung jeder vom Stapel abgenommenen Karte in ein bestimmtes Ablagefach entsprechend den von der Karte abgelesenen Informationen, dadurch gekennzeichne4 daß der Aufnahmebehälter (1) eine horizontale Wand aufweist, die einen Schlitten (10) bildet, der mit einer Reibungseinrichtung versehen ist, welche mit der entsprechenden außenliegenden Karte des zu verteilenden Kartenstaplers (26) zusammenwirkt, wobei der Schlitten (10) eine Verschiebebewegung erfährt, wodurch die außenliegende Karte von den anderen Karten im Kartenstapel beim Durchgang durch eine Auswahlvorrichtung (29) und nach Vorbeiführung der Karte an der Leseeinrichtung (49, 53) trennbar ist, wobei der Schlitten (10) diese vor Rückkehr in ihre Ausgangsstellung über dem betreffenden Ablagefach (36) auf Befehl der Leseeinrichtung (49, 53) stehen läßt (unbeweglich macht) und dabei die Abwärtsbewegung der in das betreffende Ablagefach (36) bewegten Karte steuert.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schlitten (10) den beweglichen Boden des Aufnahmebehälters (1) bildet und mit der untersten Karte des Kartenstapels (26) zusammenwirkt.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet daß die Reibungseinrichtung auf dem Schlitten (10) zumindest eine Reibrolle (13, 14) aufweist, deren Achse quer verläuft und sich im Mittelabschnitt des Schlittens (10) und von Führungansätzen (11, 12, 15) befindet, die sich vor und/oder hinter der Reibrolle (13, 14) befinden.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet daß die Reibrolle (13, 14) auf dem Schlitten (10) mit einer Rückdrehsicherung, wie einer elastischen Zunge (30), versehen ist, welche mit dem Umfang der Reibrolle (13, 14) zusammenwirkt und die Drehbewegung der Reibrolle während des Vorlaufs des Schlittens (10) verhindert, durch welche die Karte weitergeleitet wird und die Drehbewegung der Reibrolle in die entgegengesetzte Richtung während des Rücklaufs des Schlittens möglich ist.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auswahlvorrichtung zum Trennen der außenliegenden Karte vom Kartenstapel (26) aus einer einstellbaren Nase (28) besteht, welche an der Wandung vor dem Aufnahmebehälter (1) befestigt ist und zusammen mit dem Schlitten (10) einen freien Raum (29) begrenzt, der etwas größer als die Dicke einer Karte ist.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verlagerung des Schlittens (10) durch einen Motor (24) steuerbar ist, welcher eine Antriebsriemenscheibe (22) antreibt, auf welcher ein mit dem Schlitten (10) verbundener Riemen (20) bzw. ein solches Kabel umläuft, wobei die Ansteuerung des Motors, durch welche der Weg des Schlittens festlegbar ist, durch eine elektronische Steuerschaltung sichergestellt ist, die auf die Informationen anspricht, welche die Leseeinrichtung (49, 53) von der vorbeigeführten Karte abliest. 7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Rücklaufsicherung (40) im Weg der weitergeführten Karte angeordnet ist, welche beispielsweise in Form von hin- und herbeweglichen Federn mit einer vertikalen Vorderseite (42) und einer rampenförmigen Rückseite (41) ausgebildet ist und senkrecht zu Querführungswandungen (39) steht, welche den Ablagefächern (36) für die Karten zugeordnet sind, so daß die Weiterleitung der vom Schlitten (10) bei dessen Vorlauf getragenen Karte möglich ist und die Karte über dem gewählten Ablagefach (36) bei Rücklauf des Schlittens feststellbar ist.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Befehl zum Stillstand des Schlittens (10) beim Vorlauf dann erfolgt, wenn sich dieser zu beiden Seiten zwischen dem für die Karte gewählten Ablagefach (36) und dem benachbarten Ablagefach (36) befindet, welches zum vorderen Ende der Vorrichtung hin liegt.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ablagefächer (36) zur Aufnahme der Karten in einem vom unteren Teil der Vorrichtung her zugänglichen und herausziehbaren Schubfach (8) integriert sind, wobei das Schubfach mit einem aufklappbaren und festklemmbaren Deckel 'versehen sein kann.
10. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leseeinrichtung einen optischen Leser (49) zum Ablesen der Informationen über den Wert der in den Aufnahmebehälter (1) eingelegten Spielkarten aufweist.
11. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leseeinrichtung einen optischen Leser (53) zum Ablesen der Informationen von Datenkarten (50), beispielsweise in Form von Ergebniskarten, Karten mit Anweisungen oder Berichtigungen zur Spielrunde mit den Karten aufweist, welche das Format von Spielkarten haben.
12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Weg in Form eines Ganges (35), entlang welchem die vom Schlitten (10) getragene Karte geführt ist, seitlich Vorsprünge (37) aufweist, welche mit der Oberseite der hindurchgeführten Karte zusammenwirken und bis zu einer Höhe hinunterreichen, die etwas unter der Höhe des Schlittens (10) liegt, so daß die hindurchgeführte Karte sich in leicht hochgewölbter Lage befindet.
EP87400484A 1986-03-06 1987-03-05 Vorrichtung zum Lesen und Verteilen von Karten, insbesondere von Spielkarten. Expired - Lifetime EP0237420B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87400484T ATE49508T1 (de) 1986-03-06 1987-03-05 Vorrichtung zum lesen und verteilen von karten, insbesondere von spielkarten.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8603161A FR2595259B1 (fr) 1986-03-06 1986-03-06 Appareil de lecture et de distribution de cartes, en particulier de cartes a jouer, et carte utilisable avec cet appareil
FR8603161 1986-03-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0237420A1 EP0237420A1 (de) 1987-09-16
EP0237420B1 true EP0237420B1 (de) 1990-01-17

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EP87400484A Expired - Lifetime EP0237420B1 (de) 1986-03-06 1987-03-05 Vorrichtung zum Lesen und Verteilen von Karten, insbesondere von Spielkarten.

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4822050A (de)
EP (1) EP0237420B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE49508T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1280776C (de)
DE (2) DE237420T1 (de)
ES (1) ES2001744B3 (de)
FR (1) FR2595259B1 (de)
GR (1) GR3000602T3 (de)

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DE3761409D1 (de) 1990-02-22
GR3000602T3 (en) 1991-09-27
FR2595259B1 (fr) 1988-05-06
ES2001744A4 (es) 1988-06-16
EP0237420A1 (de) 1987-09-16
CA1280776C (fr) 1991-02-26
US4822050A (en) 1989-04-18
FR2595259A1 (fr) 1987-09-11
ATE49508T1 (de) 1990-02-15
ES2001744B3 (es) 1990-05-16
DE237420T1 (de) 1988-06-30

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