EP0234762A1 - Verfahren zum Herstellen von Tunnelausbauten - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Herstellen von Tunnelausbauten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0234762A1
EP0234762A1 EP87300863A EP87300863A EP0234762A1 EP 0234762 A1 EP0234762 A1 EP 0234762A1 EP 87300863 A EP87300863 A EP 87300863A EP 87300863 A EP87300863 A EP 87300863A EP 0234762 A1 EP0234762 A1 EP 0234762A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ring
segments
shield
segment
erected
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87300863A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rupert John Sidney Mcbean
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Charcon Tunnels Ltd
Original Assignee
Charcon Tunnels Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Charcon Tunnels Ltd filed Critical Charcon Tunnels Ltd
Publication of EP0234762A1 publication Critical patent/EP0234762A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
    • E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
    • E21D11/24—Knuckle joints or links between arch members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
    • E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
    • E21D11/383—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating by applying waterproof flexible sheets; Means for fixing the sheets to the tunnel or cavity wall
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/0607—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering

Definitions

  • This invention relates to methods of erecting tunnel linings.
  • the invention provides a method of erecting a tunnel lining using a tunnelling shield comprising the steps of erecting a ring of segments within the shield, each segment having a recess around an outer peripheral edge thereof to provide, in the erected ring, a recess around the outer periphery of the ring of segments at the leading end of the ring in the direction of advance along the tunnel, advancing the shield with respect to the erected ring until the trailing end of the shield locates in said recess in the leading end of the ring, expanding the ring against the tunnel wall by separating adjacent segments at at least one location around the ring whilst supporting the tunnel wall at that location against collapse, and inserting a supplemental segment between said adjacent segments to complete the ring.
  • a ground supporting cover is located over the joint between adjacent segments where the segment ends are to be separated to expand the ring to support the tunnel wall in the gap until the supplemental segment has been located in place.
  • a ground supporting cover is provided for each ring to be erected and is left in situ across the gap between the separated ends in the ring after the supplemental segment has been inserted.
  • the ground supporting cover comprises a part of the shield which projects from the trailing end thereof and covers the location in the ring where adjacent segments are separated.
  • the segments in the ring may be loosely connected to the segments of the previously erected ring as the segments are erected in the shield and the connections between the segments of the newly erected ring and the segments of the previously erected ring are tightened after expansion of the ring and insertion of said supplemental segment.
  • the segments are connected together by bolts.
  • the segments may be connected together by radially expandable fasteners driven between overlapping hoops projecting from the adjacent pipirs of edges of the segments and then expanded against the hoops to draw the segment ends together.
  • the adjacent pairs of segment edges in each ring may be shaped to interfit one with another to and provide joints which are self supporting in the radial direction of the joint with regard to the axis of the ring of segments.
  • one adjacent pair of ends of the segments in the ring may be formed to converge towards the trailing end of the ring in the direction of drive of the tunnel and the supplemental segment may comprise a tapered wedge key which is driven between the tapered pair of ends to expand the ring after the shield has been advanced to engage the trailing end of the shield in the peripheral recess of the ring.
  • tapered wedge key may be partially inserted between the pair of converging segment ends in the ring as the ring is erected and may be driven fully home between the converging ends to expand the ring and the shield has been advanced to engage the trailing end of the shield in the peripheral recess at the leading end of the ring.
  • the adjacent segments which to be separated may have parallel ends and the supplemental segment which is inserted in the resulting gap may have parallel sides to engage said ends.
  • the pair of segments may be separated by a jacking device applied to the segments.
  • the tunnelling shield may have a trailing part which reduces in thickness towards the trailing end of the shield to facilitate erection of the partially erected ring in the shield and advance of the shield to engage the trailing end of the shield in the peripheral recess of the leading end of the ring.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 of the drawings there is shown a ring of arcuate pre-cast concrete tunnel lining segments 10.
  • Each of the segments except for the uppermost pair of segments 10a is of similar form and the joints between adjacent segments in the ring are of the form described in our U.K. Patent Nos: 2004931 and 2131514 and are illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 to which reference will now be made.
  • each end face of a segment is formed with two spaced semi-cylindrical recesses 12 extending part-way across the face from the inner side thereof to align with a corresponding recess on the opposite segment.
  • One recess in each face has a spaced pair of mild steel hoops 13 embedded into the concrete and projecting into the recess to receive a single mild steel hoop 14 projecting into the recess from the other segment.
  • Expandable fasteners 15 are driven through the overlapping hoops to firmly lock the ends of the segments together.
  • Adjacent segments in adjacent rings are secured together by means of the connection arrange described and illustrated in our U.K. Patent No.2139268.
  • the arrangement is illustrated diagrammatically in Figure 3 to which brief reference will now be made.
  • At the centre of each segment there is an axially extending bore 17 in which an elongate bolt is mounted having a T-shaped head at one end and a threaded opposite end which opens into a counter bore inthe edge of the segment.A washer and a nut are located on the end of the bolt in the counter-bore.
  • each segment in the direction of drive of the tunnel lining has two spaced sockets 18 disposed one on either side of the central hole in the segment each of which may receive a T-shaped end of a bolt which is locked in the 0 socket by rotating the head through 90 after inserting the head in the socket.
  • each ring of segments is erected adjacent the previously erected ring segments with the joints in the ring staggered in relation to the joints in the previously erected ring and with the bolts aligned with the sockets disposed to one side of the bolts of the previously erected ring.
  • the bolts are pushed to insert the heads of the bolts into the sockets of the previously erected ring and then rotated to lock the bolts in the sockets.
  • the nuts on the bolts at the exposed circumferential edge of the newly erected segment can be partially turned up but are not fully tightened at this stage.
  • the outer surfaces of the segments are formed around the leading edge of the ring with a shallow recess 20 to co-operate with an edge of a tunnelling shield to be used in erecting the segment.
  • the depth of the recess is approximately the same as that of the trailing edge of the shield.
  • the upper pair of segments 10a of the ring do not have the hoop/dowel connection provided between the remaining adjacent edges of the segments. Instead the segments have plates 23 (see Figure 6) cast into the ends of the segments with pockets 24 formed behind the plates.
  • a key segment 25 is disposed between the adjacent edges of the upper segments 10a in engagement with the end plates.
  • the key segment is a parallel sided concrete casting having two spaced apart internally screw threaded tubes 26 cast therein as can be seen in Figure 7. The key segment is secured in place between the end of the segments 10a by means of bolts 28 extending through the end plates of the upper segments and screwed into opposing ends of the screw threaded tubes 26.
  • a thin plastic sheet 29 is placed across the gap between adjacent segments.
  • the outer edges of the segments 10a at their upper ends have recesses 30 to receive the sheet and the depth of the key is such that when inserted in place, the outer face of the key is flush with the bottom faces of the recesses.
  • the width of the recesses and the dimension of the sheet are such that even when the segments have been separated to receive the key, the sheet extends well over the gap between the segment ends on to the recesses to provide adequate support for the tunnel wall above the gap.
  • tunnel lining described above is erected using a standard form of tunnelling shield 40 modified by the provision of an extended tail skin which, preferably is of higher grade steel than conventionally used and reduced in thickness from the usual 28mm to approximately to 8 to 10mm. A higher grade steel is required for the extended tail skin to provide adequate strength in compensation for the reduced thickness.
  • the arrangement illustrated has an extended tail of uniformly reduced thickness compared with the main part of the shield.
  • the tail of the shield may however be tapered to the reduced thickness at its trailing edge as an alternative construction.
  • the shield 40 is then advanced using conventional hydraulic rams 42 built into the shield until the trailing edge of the tail skin of the shield reaches and drops into the recess 20 encircling the outer side of the leading edge of the newly erected ring.
  • the abutting edges of the segments 10a at the top of the ring are then jacked apart using hydraulic jacks disposed in the pockets 24 at the upper ends of the segments 10a as shown in Figure 12 to expand the lining ring against the exposed ground and the key segment 25 is inserted between the separated ends of the segments.
  • the plastic sheet 29 fully covers the gap created between the adjacent ends of the segments to prevent the tunnel lining collapsing into the gap.
  • the key segment is then bolted in place and the jacks are removed.
  • the expandable fasteners 15 between the adjacent segments are then driven fully home to lock the segment ends together and the nuts on the through bolts connecting the segments to the previously erected ring are then tightened to lock the segments firmly together and to the previous ring.
  • the hydraulic rams of the tunnel shield are then retracted to clear the space in front of the last erected ring ready to receive the next ring of segments as shown in Figure 13.
  • the operation is continued for the length of the tunnel.
  • the joints in the rings of the segments are staggered alternately clockwise and then anti-clockwise along the tunnel as shown in the development of the tunnel lining illustrated in Figure 3 so that the joints between adjacent segments do not directly align.
  • each ring may be formed with edges which converge at the top of the ring to receive a tapered wedge key 25a as shown in Figure 8 which can be driven between the edges to expand the lining in place of the jacking system. The key is then bolted in place to the ends of the segments 10a.
  • expandable fastening devices for coupling adjacent segments in each ring could be replaced by conventional bolting and, likewise, the segments in adjacent rings could be simply bolted together or connected by dowells as described in our U.K. Patent Specification No. 2,004,931.
  • the axially extending edges of adjacent segments in the ring may be formed to provide an interlocking joint such as a half-lap joint or a knuckle-joint which is sufficient to prevent relative radial movement of the segment with respect to the tunnel axis and avoids the need for any direct mechanical connection between the adjacent segments.
  • the trailing edge of the tail shield may be provided with an annular seal to engage the tunnel lining ring as it is erected in the shield and prevent ingress of moisture or spoils into the newly erected lining.
  • a short cover plate is formed integrally with and extends rearwardly from the trailing end of the shield to engage over the joint between the segments 10a where the segments are to be separated to receive the key segment.
  • the shield cover plate will of course advance with the shield after erection of one ring of segments has been completed ready to support the ground over the joint to be separated in the next ring.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
EP87300863A 1986-02-04 1987-01-30 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Tunnelausbauten Withdrawn EP0234762A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08602712A GB2186010A (en) 1986-02-04 1986-02-04 Improvements in or relating to methods of erecting tunnel linings
GB8602712 1986-02-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0234762A1 true EP0234762A1 (de) 1987-09-02

Family

ID=10592489

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87300863A Withdrawn EP0234762A1 (de) 1986-02-04 1987-01-30 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Tunnelausbauten

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0234762A1 (de)
JP (1) JPS62186000A (de)
KR (1) KR870008097A (de)
GB (1) GB2186010A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103643966A (zh) * 2013-12-31 2014-03-19 西南交通大学 一种装配式隧道衬砌管片
CN113574246A (zh) * 2019-02-21 2021-10-29 托彭有限公司 用于由推进外壳使tbm进行同时挖掘和管片拼装的系统和方法
CN113982592A (zh) * 2021-10-23 2022-01-28 韶关市第一建筑工程有限公司 一种推进式拼接工作井支护结构

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102661153B (zh) * 2012-05-02 2014-07-09 上海隧道工程股份有限公司 盾构机的管片稳定机构
CN112682064A (zh) * 2020-12-22 2021-04-20 湖北省大唐安盛建筑工程有限公司 一种管片放样及钢板安装工艺

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2118034A1 (de) * 1971-04-14 1972-10-26 Doppe, Hans, 4390 Gladbeck Ausbau für Strecken, Tunnel, Stollen oder Schächte
FR2273120A1 (en) * 1974-05-31 1975-12-26 Fix Brevets Precast prestressed concrete tunnel lining blocks - keyed together to form self-supporting arch structure to tunnel dimensions
GB1508040A (en) * 1976-12-08 1978-04-19 Goldsby E Lining for tunnels
FR2388129A1 (fr) * 1977-04-20 1978-11-17 Entreprises Soc Gle Procede et dispositif pour le clavage, l'expansion et l'etancheite d'anneaux de revetement de tunnels en voussoirs prefabriques
FR2400650A1 (fr) * 1977-08-16 1979-03-16 Charcon Tunnels Ltd Perfectionnements aux segments pour le chemisage de parois
WO1979000921A1 (en) * 1978-04-12 1979-11-15 Sheridan Contractors Ltd Tunnel lining,segment therefore and method of lining a tunnel
GB2124679A (en) * 1982-08-06 1984-02-22 Junichi Tsuzuki Tunnel wall structure
GB2137675A (en) * 1983-04-07 1984-10-10 Michael Alexander Richardson Improvement in thrusting means using inflatable bladders

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2118034A1 (de) * 1971-04-14 1972-10-26 Doppe, Hans, 4390 Gladbeck Ausbau für Strecken, Tunnel, Stollen oder Schächte
FR2273120A1 (en) * 1974-05-31 1975-12-26 Fix Brevets Precast prestressed concrete tunnel lining blocks - keyed together to form self-supporting arch structure to tunnel dimensions
GB1508040A (en) * 1976-12-08 1978-04-19 Goldsby E Lining for tunnels
FR2388129A1 (fr) * 1977-04-20 1978-11-17 Entreprises Soc Gle Procede et dispositif pour le clavage, l'expansion et l'etancheite d'anneaux de revetement de tunnels en voussoirs prefabriques
FR2400650A1 (fr) * 1977-08-16 1979-03-16 Charcon Tunnels Ltd Perfectionnements aux segments pour le chemisage de parois
WO1979000921A1 (en) * 1978-04-12 1979-11-15 Sheridan Contractors Ltd Tunnel lining,segment therefore and method of lining a tunnel
GB2124679A (en) * 1982-08-06 1984-02-22 Junichi Tsuzuki Tunnel wall structure
GB2137675A (en) * 1983-04-07 1984-10-10 Michael Alexander Richardson Improvement in thrusting means using inflatable bladders

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103643966A (zh) * 2013-12-31 2014-03-19 西南交通大学 一种装配式隧道衬砌管片
CN103643966B (zh) * 2013-12-31 2015-08-19 西南交通大学 一种装配式隧道衬砌管片
CN113574246A (zh) * 2019-02-21 2021-10-29 托彭有限公司 用于由推进外壳使tbm进行同时挖掘和管片拼装的系统和方法
CN113574246B (zh) * 2019-02-21 2024-05-17 托彭有限公司 用于由推进外壳使tbm进行同时挖掘和管片拼装的系统和方法
CN113982592A (zh) * 2021-10-23 2022-01-28 韶关市第一建筑工程有限公司 一种推进式拼接工作井支护结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2186010A (en) 1987-08-05
JPS62186000A (ja) 1987-08-14
GB8602712D0 (en) 1986-03-12
KR870008097A (ko) 1987-09-24

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Inventor name: MCBEAN, RUPERT JOHN SIDNEY